CN105422102B - A kind of vertical medium-length hole ore blast subsection access back-filling method - Google Patents
A kind of vertical medium-length hole ore blast subsection access back-filling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105422102B CN105422102B CN201510985876.0A CN201510985876A CN105422102B CN 105422102 B CN105422102 B CN 105422102B CN 201510985876 A CN201510985876 A CN 201510985876A CN 105422102 B CN105422102 B CN 105422102B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001349296 Tragia volubilis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mining methods that medium-length hole ore blast sublevel fill stoping is applied in extracting drift.The drilling drift alignment of segmentation up and down in same extracting drift, during back production in upper segment drilling drift the vertical medium-length hole of Drilling, and use short-delay blasting to reduce single explosive quantity.Because the periphery hole and extracting drift two of upper segment drilling drift are helped vertical lateral opening to implement photoface exploision, and supporting is carried out in time to the local region built on the sand of top plate, therefore flat smooth is helped in Roof of access road and goaf two after explosion, hang and protrude the phenomenon of side wall by the feet without bulk, simultaneously because using subsection and arch top plate, stay a broken ore to balance goaf two to help to deform, therefore goaf underground pressure management is rationally economical, and entering goaf progress scraper ore for scraper provides strong safety guarantee.The another aspect program layout it is simple and easy, operating efficiency is high, pick adopt than it is low, stoping cost is low, be easy to medium and small nonferrous metal mine promote.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal mine underground mining technologies, especially the route type method of mining by the way of filling.
Background technology
It is that prevention stope emits to avoid driling explosion operating personnel long working in the larger space of top plate exposed area
Push up side falling accident, ensure that mining safety produces most effective method.On to route type method of mining by the way of filling Stope roof expose
Area is small, but its to adopt quasi- quantities big, set up that filling counterfort is more, and mining efficiency is low, and Tight filling is difficult and be difficult to
Part mine uses, and this method is applied to be worth the ore body back production higher, grade is richer, comes in general nonferrous metal mine
Say that its mining cost is higher, be unfavorable for control cost.And although sublevel cut and fill method it also avoid driling explosion operating personnel
The mode of operation in the larger environment of top plate exposed area, but it uses fanhole(s), upper and lower sublevel drilling tunnel cross cloth
Put, Stope roof pole out-of-flatness after bursting work, crag inversion phenomenon is universal, taps that operation is difficult to, to subsequently going out
The safety of the personnel such as the scraper driver of ore deposit operation constitutes threat.VCR methods carry out spheroidal charging by several times using large diameter, deep borehole
Explosion falls ore deposit, and back production terminates rear mineral building sky upper product greatly, arrives in general ore body for steadiness is poor, easily produce large area sheet
Side, change more complicated middle squat for middle-size and small-size Nonferrous Mine Enterprises, non-high-dipping ore block and ore-rock border and be difficult to
It is applicable.
The content of the invention
Problem to be solved by this invention is：There is provided one kind can either make driling explosion operating personnel be in exposed area compared with
Operation under top plate that is small and carrying out effective support, while have and adopt that quasi- quantities is small, filling counterfort is few, mining efficiency
Filling mining method high, that there is adaptability without Tight filling, to various medium pitch above ore bodies.
The present invention vertical medium-length hole ore blast subsection access back-filling method, sublevel drilling tunnel 3, extracting drift 4 and
5 vertical orebody trend of ore pillar is arranged, 3 wide 3~5 meters of sublevel drilling tunnel, high 2~3 meters, 3~5 meters of 5 width of ore pillar, is segmented contact
Lane 7 arranges that ore pass 9 and return air filling well 6 are positioned at segmentation connection roadway 7 lower wall arrangement, 5~8 meters of height of lift along orebody trend.
Above-mentioned mining codes, along the side of orebody trend, the alignment of drilling drift 3 of upper and lower two segmentations, top
The width in sublevel drilling tunnel is not less than the width of bottom extracting drift 4, and all sublevel drilling tunnels 3 are required to carry out when tunneling
Photoface exploision, and bolting with wire mesh must be carried out to local.
Above-mentioned mining codes, the medium-length hole 2 in each extracting drift 4 is arranged vertically, wherein helping the middle depth on side by route two
Hole 2 is light blast hole, and hole depth is height of lift, and route 3 ~ 5 artillery salvo holes of meeting head on form slot raise using spheroidal charging blasting in groups,
Remaining blasthole uses linear pack explosion, millisecond detonating between each blasthole, after single falls ore deposit detonation, using ore removal equipment transport it is quick-fried fall
The 1/3 of ore, remaining ore, which remains all bursting works in this route, once to be cleared after terminating and finishes.
Above-mentioned mining codes, in each segmentation, after wall scroll drift stoping terminates, in the opening of lower segment drilling drift 3
Place sets up filling counterfort 8 and drainage facility and carries out tailing cemented filling, and filling piping is filled by level haulage tunnel 10 through return air
Well filling 6 enters upper segment connection roadway 7 and sublevel drilling tunnel 3, and the mouth of pipe is fixed on into helping for upper segment drilling drift
Tailing cemented filling is carried out, extracting drift obturation uniaxial compressive strength is no less than 2MPa, and moisture content not should be greater than 15%, from
Vertical height is not less than 10 meters；Cement plane uniaxial compressive strength should meet ore removal equipment service requirement after the back production of ore pillar 5.
Above-mentioned mining codes, ore pillar 5 carry out back production again after the back production of extracting drift 4 terminates, and stoping scheme is the same as extracting drift 4
Stoping scheme it is consistent.
Above-mentioned mining codes, construct according to the following steps：
The first step, from segmentation connection roadway 7 to disk construction sublevel drilling tunnel 3 on stope, when corresponding to upper and lower two segmentations
Sublevel drilling tunnel 3 is constructed terminate after, using the vertical medium-length hole 2 of medium-length hole rig Drilling, drilling sequences is are met by route
Head retreats construction to segmentation connection roadway；
Second step, spheroidal charging is disposed in preceding 3 ~ 5 artillery salvo hole, blasting in groups forms slot raise, then remaining each row
Blasthole 2 is gradually detonated using linear pack, every time after detonation, transports the 1/3 of Caving System amount, remaining ore treats whole blasting works
After the completion of once transport；
3rd step, after the single back production of extracting drift 4 terminates in each segmentation, the He of filling counterfort 8 is set up in route porch
Drainage facility, filling pipe is introduced into upper segment connection roadway 7 and sublevel drilling lane by level haulage tunnel 10 through return air filling well 6
Road 3, start packing job；
4th step, after the extracting drift back production of all segmentations terminates in stope, proceed by the stoping operation of ore pillar 5；Ore deposit
Segmentation connection roadway 7, ore pass 9, the return air filling well 6 constructed when during post back production using extracting drift back production early stage are directly constructed and divided
Section drilling drift 3, remaining stoping operation process are identical with the back production of extracting drift 4.
The features of the present invention：
（1）The sublevel drilling tunnel of a capwise is arranged every 3~5 meters in segmentation connection roadway interior edge orebody trend,
Upper and lower sublevel drilling tunnel alignment on across pitch side, sublevel drilling tunnel are constructed to disk on ore body from segmentation connection roadway
Border, it is domed to be segmented drilling drift top plate during construction, and periphery hole uses photoface exploision, to the top below moderately stable after driving
Plate carries out bolting with wire mesh in time.
（2）Upper and lower sublevel drilling tunnel is constructed terminate after, to vertical medium-length hole under Drilling of being met head in sublevel drilling tunnel,
Hole depth is height of lift, and explosion width is not more than sublevel drilling span length, spheroidal charging is disposed in preceding 3~5 artillery salvo hole by several times
Detonation falls ore deposit to form segmentation slot raise, and remaining blasthole placement line style pack is gradually detonated, and millisecond detonating side is used between each hole
For method to control single explosive quantity, retrusive falls ore deposit, wherein close to two help it is lateral opening be light blast hole.
（3）About 1/3 broken ore is transported after per separate explosion with scraper, remaining ore treats that whole extracting drift is all quick-fried
Concentrate and transport after broken end.The ore deposit heap of field is stayed temporarily to control and adopt in addition to making ensuing blast operation and forming tight-face blasting
Dead zone palisades deformation and wall caving, while during ore removal, the broken side wall of exposure is entered as job platform using ore deposit heap
Row immediate support.
（4）After ore all transports in single route, lower segment drilling drift opening set up filling counterfort and
Drainage facility, filling pipe is filled into well through return air and segmentation connection roadway introduces upper sublevel drilling tunnel and carries out tailing-filled operation,
It is required that strength of filling mass is not less than 2MPa during drift stoping, moisture content is not more than 15%, and Self-standing height is not less than 10 meters.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：
（1）Adopt that quasi- quantities is small, arrangement is simple.
Using subsection medium-length hole ore blast, quasi- quantities, filling counterfort quantity and pipeline length are adopted compared with slice drift method
Degree etc. is greatly reduced, and the arrangement of segmentation connection roadway and rock drilling route is simple and clear, and mining and filling process are simple, beneficial to production group
Knit.
（2）Extracting drift top plate exposed area is small, flat smooth and is easy to supporting, and operating environment safe coefficient is high.
Top plate of the epimere rock drilling Roof of access road as whole extracting drift, photoface exploision is carried out at the beginning of construction, makes top
The domed structure of plate, flat smooth, reasonable stress, and support reinforcement can be carried out in advance, avoid rock drilling, explosion, ore removal work
Industry personnel security risk existing for operation under the larger top plate of exposed area.
（3）Medium-length hole operation, concentrating mining, production capacity are big.
Using vertical medium-length hole blasting, boring direction, depth are easily controllable, and cloth hole is simple, bursting work efficiency high.Mainly
Using concentrating mining mode, Drift stoping production capacity is larger.
（4）Stoping cost is low
The present invention is designed using subsection, is significantly reduced compared with slice drift filling method and is adopted quasi- quantities, while in use
Deep hole falls ore deposit, and single explosion rock yield is big, concentrating mining, and operating efficiency is high, and unit volume ore stoping cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the left view of the present invention.
Embodiment：
Vertical medium-length hole subsection route method for arranging arrangement and method for construction proposed by the present invention is as follows：
（1）Stope, which is adopted, to be cut：
Segmentation connection roadway is respectively positioned on Stope sill pillar with rock drilling route, and segmentation connection roadway is away from chassis ore-rock border 5~8
Rice, segmentation connection roadway are tunneled to certain position, the ore pass of driving insertion bottom level haulage gallery and insertion top stage casing
Haulage way return air filling well, then every 3~5 meters by the upward disk of the vertical orebody trend of segmentation connection roadway tunnel the ratio of width to height compared with
Big sublevel drilling tunnel, periphery hole should use photoface exploision during sublevel drilling tunnelling, and need to be to top drilling drift
Region carries out bolting with wire mesh built on the sand in top plate.
（2）Driling explosion
Upper and lower sublevel drilling tunnel prepare to start after terminating in upper segment drilling drift under Drilling in vertical deeply
Hole, hole depth are height of lift, and explosion width is not more than sublevel drilling span length, spheroidal charging point is disposed in preceding 3~5 artillery salvo hole
Secondary detonation falls ore deposit to form segmentation slot raise, and remaining blasthole placement line style pack is gradually detonated, and millisecond detonating is used between each hole
For method to control single explosive quantity, retrusive falls ore deposit.
（3）Fill ore deposit and the rock drilling sequence of operation
About 1/3 Caved orebody is transported after per separate explosion with scraper, remaining ore is treated entirely to be segmented route whole explosion
Concentrate and transport after end.The ore deposit heap of field is stayed to be controlled temporarily mined out in addition to making ensuing blast ore body and forming tight-face blasting
Area's palisades deformation and wall caving., can be same in upper segment drilling drift while lower segment drilling drift carries out ore removal operation
Step carries out rock drilling operation, is independent of each other, therefore driling explosion operation can continuously circulate progress.
（4）Stope ventilation
Because ore removal and rock drilling are operation in dead face in the present invention, it is therefore desirable to portable blower forced ventilation is carried out, it is dirty
Wind is distinguished and admirable to import top return air channel by the segmented connection roadway of upper segment drilling drift and filling well.It is fresh distinguished and admirable from air intake lane
Reaching Bottom of Stope rear path is：Level haulage lane → ramp and connecting taxiway → segmentation connection roadway → sublevel drilling tunnel.It is dirty
Wind path footpath is：Sublevel drilling tunnel → segmentation connection roadway → return air filling well → main return airway → returnairshaft → earth's surface.
（5）Stope filling
After ore all transports in single route, filling counterfort and drainage are set up in the opening of lower segment drilling drift
Facility, the filled well of filling pipe and segmentation connection roadway are introduced into upper sublevel drilling tunnel and carry out tailing-filled operation, it is desirable to route
Strength of filling mass is not less than 2MPa during back production, and moisture content is not more than 15%, and Self-standing height is not less than 10 meters.
The invention discloses the mining methods that medium-length hole ore blast sublevel fill stoping is applied in extracting drift.Same extracting drift
In segmentation up and down drilling drift alignment, during back production in upper segment drilling drift the vertical medium-length hole of Drilling, and use
Short-delay blasting is to reduce single explosive quantity.Due to the periphery hole and extracting drift two of upper segment drilling drift help it is vertical lateral opening
Implement photoface exploision, and carry out supporting in time to the local region built on the sand of top plate, therefore Roof of access road and mined out after explosion
Area two helps flat smooth, and no bulk is hung by the feet and the phenomenon of prominent side wall, simultaneously because using subsection and arch top plate, stays field loose
Dissipate carbon iron balance goaf two to help to deform, therefore goaf underground pressure management is rationally economical, is that scraper is carried out into goaf
Scraper ore provides strong safety guarantee.The another aspect program layout it is simple and easy, operating efficiency is high, pick adopt than it is low,
Stoping cost is low, is easy to promote in medium and small nonferrous metal mine.
Claims (4)
- A kind of 1. vertical medium-length hole ore blast subsection access back-filling method, it is characterised in that：Sublevel drilling tunnel（3）, extracting drift（4）And ore pillar（5）Vertical orebody trend arrangement, sublevel drilling tunnel（3）Wide by 3~ It is 5 meters, high 2~3 meters, ore pillar（5）3~5 meters of width, it is segmented connection roadway（7）Arranged along orebody trend, ore pass（9）Filled with return air Well filling（6）Positioned at segmentation connection roadway（7）Lower wall arrangement, 5~8 meters of height of lift；Along along the side of orebody trend, the drilling drift of upper and lower two segmentations（3）Alignment, the width of upper segment drilling drift Degree is not less than bottom extracting drift（4）Width, all sublevel drilling tunnels（3）It is required to carry out photoface exploision during driving, and Bolting with wire mesh must be carried out to local；Each extracting drift（4）Interior medium-length hole（2）It is arranged vertically, wherein helping the medium-length hole on side by route two（2）For light blast hole, Hole depth is height of lift, and route meets head on 3 ~ 5 artillery salvo holes using spheroidal charging blasting in groups formation slot raise, the use of remaining blasthole Linear pack explosion, millisecond detonating between each blasthole, after single falls ore deposit detonation, using ore removal equipment transport it is quick-fried fall ore 1/3, its Remaining ore, which remains all bursting works in this route, once to be cleared after terminating and finishes.
- 2. mining codes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In each segmentation, after wall scroll drift stoping terminates, in lower segment drilling drift（3）Opening set up filling counterfort （8）With drainage facility and carry out tailing cemented filling, filling piping is by level haulage tunnel（10）Well is filled through return air（6）Into Upper segment connection roadway（7）With sublevel drilling tunnel（3）, and the mouth of pipe is fixed on the helping into end of line of upper segment drilling drift Sand consolidated fill, extracting drift obturation uniaxial compressive strength are no less than 2MPa, and moisture content not should be greater than 15%, Self-standing height Not less than 10 meters；Ore pillar（5）Cement plane uniaxial compressive strength should meet ore removal equipment service requirement after back production.
- 3. mining codes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Ore pillar（5）In extracting drift（4）Back production carries out back production, the same extracting drift of stoping scheme again after terminating（4）Stoping scheme Unanimously.
- 4. mining codes as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that constructed according to the following steps：The first step, by segmentation connection roadway（7）Disk construction sublevel drilling tunnel on to stope（3）, when corresponding to upper and lower two segmentations Sublevel drilling tunnel（3）After construction terminates, the vertical medium-length hole of medium-length hole rig Drilling is used（2）, drilling sequences are by entering Meet head on to retreat construction to segmentation connection roadway in road；Second step, spheroidal charging is disposed in preceding 3 ~ 5 artillery salvo hole, blasting in groups forms slot raise, then remaining each artillery salvo hole （2）Gradually detonated using linear pack, every time after detonation, transport the 1/3 of Caving System amount, remaining ore treats that whole firemans finish Once transported after；3rd step, single extracting drift in each segmentation（4）After back production terminates, filling counterfort is set up in route porch（8）With Drainage facility, by filling pipe by level haulage tunnel（10）Well is filled through return air（6）Introduce upper segment connection roadway（7）And segmentation Drilling drift（3）, start packing job；4th step, after the extracting drift back production of all segmentations terminates in stope, proceed by ore pillar（5）Stoping operation；Ore pillar The segmentation connection roadway constructed when during back production using extracting drift back production early stage（7）, ore pass（9）, return air filling well（6）Directly apply Work point section drilling drift（3）, remaining stoping operation process and extracting drift（4）Back production it is identical.
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| CN201510985876.0A CN105422102B (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | A kind of vertical medium-length hole ore blast subsection access back-filling method |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105927228B (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2018-01-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Upright breaking ore body sinks formula mining methods automatically |
| CN107130962A (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-05 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Sublevel caving subsequent cemented filling mining method for thick and large ore body |
| CN112160753B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-08-12 | 牌洪坤 | Roadway tunneling mining method using gold-steel sand wire cutting as premise |
| CN112502709B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-03-01 | 中南大学 | Pre-control top intelligent mining method for vertical medium-length hole VCR ore breaking and immediate filling after explosion |
| CN114000879B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-05-05 | 中南大学 | Large-capacity high-efficiency shallow hole ore dropping process suitable for thick and large ore bodies |
| CN114674185B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-11-22 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | High and large stope contour control blasting method |
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| CN102155228A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-08-17 | 中南大学 | Fully-segmented presplitting squeezing primary-blasting mining method |
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