RU2310752C1 - Method for steeply inclined medium-thickness and thin coal seam development - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining, particularly underground steeply inclined seam development.

SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing extraction pillar by drilling haulage roadway and air heading; preparing excavation strip by driving workings along seam inclination line from haulage roadway to air heading from both excavation strip sides; creating mounting chamber at air heading; installing stoping equipment and performing mechanized coal excavation and forced cut coal transportation along breakage face with mining-and-hauling executive tool made as horizontal auger provided with teeth; performing gravity coal conveyance to haulage roadway; protecting working area with sectional shield support against rock ingress; performing the first cutting operation along seam inclination line from the first side of the strip and pillar; connecting support sections with each other by means of moving jacks. At the initial coal excavation stage the breakage face is formed of stepped shape rising from haulage roadway to air heading along with additional support sections bringing into operation. At final stage thereof the second mine is formed along seam inclination line from opposite strip and pillar sides. Coal is excavated separately at each section. Cut coal is conveyed along breakage face along with coal flow transfer from one mining-and-hauling tool to another one from one step to another one with the use of gravity transportation means.

EFFECT: increased mining efficiency.

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Description

The present invention relates to mining, in particular, to the development of steeply inclined coal seams of medium power and thin long columns along the strike, taken out by strips along the dip.

An analogue of this method is the development of steeply inclined coal seams according to the so-called shield system, in which the extraction pillar is prepared by conducting ventilation and transport drifts, running, ventilation and transport furnaces and a mounting chamber. A sectional shield is mounted in the mounting chamber and then cleaning operations are carried out under the shield using drilling and blasting operations and mechanization means for delivering broken coal along the face to the coal-blasting furnace [1]. The disadvantage of this method is the increased volume of preparatory workings, as well as the use of drilling and blasting operations, which in themselves are dangerous for humans and affect the massif, causing collapse and clogging of coal-hole wells, i.e. breakdown accident rate.

The prototype adopted a method of mechanized development of a steeply inclined coal seam by an aggregate along a shield system, including preparing a excavation column by conducting drifts, preparing a excavation strip by conducting a running, ventilation and coal-releasing furnace, holding a mounting chamber and installing cleaning equipment in it, mechanized excavation of coal under a shield protecting support and transporting it along the bottom with a conveyor belt, gravity transport of coal to the transport drift and airing the working face in seconds is obscheshahtnoy depression [2].

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- the need to observe the straightness of the face to ensure not only coal mining, but also its transportation along the face, and this, in turn, requires additional time and labor;

- increased volume of conduct and subsequent maintenance of preparatory workings;

- a fixed length of the working face, due to the passport length of the treatment unit, limiting the scope of the method to formations in favorable mining and geological conditions, in particular without geological disturbances, and the amount of reserves occurring under such conditions is small.

These shortcomings, in our opinion, reduce the efficiency of developing steeply inclined coal seams of medium power and thin.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of coal extraction from steeply inclined seams of medium power and thin due to the organization of the inferior form of the face and the variability of its length depending on geological conditions.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of developing steeply inclined coal seams of medium power and thin, including the preparation of the excavation column by conducting transport and ventilation drifts, the preparation of the excavation strip by conducting workings along the dip line from the transport to the ventilation drift on both sides of the strip and the mounting chamber of the ventilation drift, installation of treatment equipment in it, mechanized extraction of coal and forced transport of broken coal along the treatment face an o-transport executive body, gravity transport of coal to a drift and protection of the bottom hole from rock penetration by a panel sectional support, the first development along the dip line is carried out on one side of the strip and column - on the flank, the excavation-transport executive body is made in the form of horizontally oriented a screw equipped with teeth, the lining sections are connected with each other by moving jacks, in the initial stage of coal excavation, the mine face is given an inferior shape that rises from transport orthogonal to the ventilation drift, and at the same time additional support sections are mounted and put into operation, in the final stage, the second development is carried out along the dip line from the opposite side of the column and strip, coal is mined separately for each section, the transport of beaten coal along the face carried out with the transfer of traffic from one mining-transporting body to another using gravity transport from one ledge to another.

The invention is illustrated by diagrams. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the preparation of the excavation column for mining strips in the fall (plan view); figure 2 - layout of equipment in the face (cross section); figure 3 is a diagram of the formation of an inferior form of the face (plan view).

The method can be implemented as follows. A long extraction column is prepared by transport 1 and ventilation 2 drifts. At the far border of the pillar (on the flank), a slope 3 is carried out near the soil of the formation, having a running and coal-discharge compartment. At the ventilation drift 2, a mounting chamber 4 is constructed, in which sections of the lining 5 of the working face of a powerful steeply inclined formation are mounted, orienting them according to the dip. At the same time, each section of the lining 5 is aggregated (i.e. structurally connected) with a mining-transport executive body made in the form of an arrow 6 equipped with a screw 7 with teeth. The lining sections 5 are connected with jacks of movement. In this case, the initial number of sections (length of the working face) can be taken based on the actual installation speed of subsequent sections.

In the initial position, sections 5 are installed in line. The extraction of coal is as follows. First, the flank section (the section in the immediate vicinity of the coal-slope compartment of the ramp 3) is put into operation. The executive body of this section is cut into a coal mass near the soil of the formation at the step of moving the lining section and lifting it under the roof of the formation carries out the breaking of coal. Chipped coal under the influence of its own weight by gravity enters the lower part of the working space and accumulates there. After that, the executive body is transferred to the lowest position, to the soil of the formation, and the chipped coal is transported by the auger flanges towards the ramp 3. The broken charcoal enters the coal outlet of the ramp 3 and then by gravity to the transport drift 1. At the end of the described cycle, the end section is moved towards the face, after which they include in this and the next section. In this case, coal beaten off in the excavation zone of the second section is transported by the executive body of this section to the excavation zone of the first section, and from there to the ramp cargo compartment 3. After moving the first and second sections, three sections are already put into operation, etc. until the first section enters the transport drift. After the first section exits onto the drift 1, it is dismantled and, after maintenance and preventive maintenance, is mounted again in the mounting chamber 4 and put into operation. The fixed worked-out space is filled with rock, for example, collapse.

The ventilation of the working face is carried out due to the mine depression: transport drift 1, slope 3, working space of the working face and then the ventilation drift 2.

After giving the mine face an inferior shape over the entire height of the excavation strip, regular coal mining is carried out as follows. The working face man (GROZE), being in the working space under the protection of the second section of the lining (counting from the slope 3), includes the first section in the excavation work, and after the coal extraction in the zone of the first section is completed, its executive body is moved to its lowest position. At the same time, the auger of the executive body carries out the transportation of all the beaten coal to the coal outlet of the slope 3. Then the GROZD turns off the drive of the executive body, moves the first section and again turns on the drive of the executive body to work only on transporting the beaten coal along the face. After that, the GROUZ passes to the protection zone of the third section and turns on the second section. At the same time, coal beaten off in the zone of the second section is transported first by the screw of this section, due to which it enters the zone of operation of the first section, and then the first, etc. After the GROUZ leaves the ventilation drift 2, it turns on the last section. At the end of the excavation in the zone of the last section, the GROZ turns off its executive body and carries out the movement of this section. Then the work is carried out in the reverse order: coal mining at the last section, turning off the electric drive of its executive body and moving; transition to the penultimate section and so on to the first section. Next, as described above.

To implement the method, it is necessary that the composition of the working face of the working face included three bursts and an electrician. At the same time, one GROZ carries out work on the extraction and transportation of coal; the second BATTLE - for roof fastening and is located close to the first BATTLE; the third - on the conjugation of the face to the slope 3 and carries out work on the design of this pairing in order to organize the transport of coal from the face to the slope.

After the first section has worked out its strip excavation zone (as well as the subsequent ones), it is dismantled and, after routine inspection and repair, is sent for installation in a new place.

When approaching the treatment works to the boundary of the extraction column, a second development 8 is carried out along the line of formation fall from the transport drift to the ventilation drift. The pairing of this output with the ventilation drift 2 limits the zone of increasing the length of the working face and the installation of new sections of lining. Subsequent coal mining is carried out in the same order, but now the length of the working face will decrease by the width of one section in each cycle due to the exit of this section to the transport drift. In this case, the development 8 serves to ventilate the working face and is an emergency exit from it.

When preparing a mining column by carrying out transport and ventilation drifts, a geological disturbance of the formation such as a surge or discharge, which is insurmountable for this treatment equipment, can be detected. When approaching the treatment work to the zone of such a geological disturbance of the formation, they also limit the zone of increasing the length of the working face by producing 8 from the transport drift to the ventilation. On the other hand, development 3 is carried out from the violation, thereby starting preparation for the extraction of the next strip.

By giving the face to an inferior shape, the conditions for transporting the broken coal are improved, since the transfer of the broken coal from one screw to another is carried out due to gravitational forces.

By raising the ledges of the working face away from the flank slope, the conditions for ventilation of the working face are improved due to the mine depression, as the air moves upward all the time.

Due to the aggregation of the roof support sections with a mining and delivery body made in the form of a screw, there is no need for a straightened straight face, while in the face one of the sections is always in the process of excavating or transporting coal, or in the process of moving, and this in turn, reduces the cyclic coefficient.

Due to the use of screws as a means of transporting broken coal along the face, the need for coal-hole wells is eliminated, which reduces the accident rate of the face, since it eliminates their clogging, and, consequently, the loss of time and labor to drill.

In this method, there is no need to move the excavating and transport vehicles along the line along the working face, which increases the reliability of the working face, at the same time, one or two service personnel can be in the face of the working face, these people should always be located above the working aggregated section; this reduces the likelihood of unauthorized turning on the equipment and increases the safety of cleaning operations.

This method allows you to gain the length of the working face, regardless of the distance between the drifts or workings, passed along the line of formation fall, at the same time, it can be associated with geological disturbance of the formation or the actual presence of aggregated support sections. This variability of the length of the working face increases the fit of the technological scheme of mechanized extraction of coal reserves in various mining and geological conditions.

Carrying out only one output along the line of formation fall reduces the time and labor required to prepare a treatment front.

These circumstances indicate an increase in the efficiency of the development of steeply inclined coal seams of medium power and thin, and this is the purpose of the invention.

Information sources

1. The technology of shield mining of coal deposits / Kurlenya MV, Zvorygin LV, Lebedev AV - Novosibirsk: Science, Sib. Department, 1988, p.27, fig. 1.11 (analogue).

2. Integrated mechanization and automation of sewage treatment in coal mines. Under the total. ed. B.F. Bratchenko. M .: Nedra, 1997.p.151-153, Fig.3.57 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A method of developing steeply inclined coal seams of medium power and thin, including preparing a mining column by conducting transport and ventilation drifts, preparing a mining strip by conducting workings along the dip line from the transport to the ventilation drift on both sides of the strip and the mounting chamber of the ventilation drift, installing cleaning equipment in it , mechanized extraction of coal and forced transport of chipped coal along the working face by a mining and transport executive body, with skein transport of coal to the drift and protection of the bottom hole from rock penetration by shield sectional support, characterized in that the first development along the dip line is carried out on one side of the strip and column - on the flank, the excavation-transport executive body is made in the form of a horizontally oriented screw, equipped with teeth, the sections are connected with each other by jacks of movement, in the initial stage of coal extraction, the mine face is given an inferior shape, rising from transport to ventilation the first drift, and at the same time, additional support sections are mounted and put into operation, in the final stage, the second production is carried out along the dip line from the opposite side of the pillar and strip, coal is excavated separately from each section, the beaten coal is transported along the face with transfer of the transport stream from one mining-transporting body to another using gravity transport from one ledge to another.

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