CN109339790A - The recovery method of middle thickness low-angle dip breaking ore body - Google Patents
The recovery method of middle thickness low-angle dip breaking ore body Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the recovery methods of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body.The recovery method includes: that ore body to be exploited is divided into multiple panels by (1), and studding is arranged between the two neighboring panel, the multiple route type stopes of arrangement in each panel；(2) ore body to be exploited is carried out adopting quasi- cutting, form the tunnel for being connected to the route type stope and adopts quasi- ramp；(3) the route type stope is divided into multiple back production units, and drawing back and lateral ore removal is carried out to the back production unit, after the completion of each back production unit back production, caving processing is carried out to the back production unit.The recovery method cuts work arrangement by reasonably adopting, using the lateral ore removal of gradually retrusive, ore dilution rate and loss late not only can be effectively controlled, but also the secondary stress of stope can be discharged by caving, ore-rock bring security risk built on the sand is eliminated, mining overall cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to industrial and mineral fields, specifically, the present invention relates to the recovery methods of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body.
Background technique
In underground metal mine exploitation at home and abroad, for being middle thickness less than 15~35 ° with a thickness of 10~30m, inclination angle
The exploitation of gently inclined orebody is always a technical problem, and for the orebody mining under the conditions of mine fragmentation, even more in hardly possible
Add difficulty.Since the slanting angle of ore body is slow, ore can not by slipping out mine certainly, needing using mechanical handing or taking off fortune, and stope sky top compared with
Height, due to top plate ore-rock easy-weathering, difficult management, there are security risks.
Patent CN101718196A discloses a kind of method for exploiting soft and broken ore body.This method is collapsed using bottom-column-free sectional
Release is fallen, driving and back production first first is segmented ore body, by its lower segmentation to the stress transfer above back production area to ore body surrounding
In country rock body, makes to concentrate presence without excessively high stress in exploiting field, form stress relaxed area, digging is carried out in stress relaxed area
Operation；First segmentation uses big stope drift active workings spacing, to guarantee the stability of stope drift active workings.
Patent CN104632222B discloses a breaking ore body stoping method.Ore body is pressed recovery phase height by this method
It is divided into several middle sections from top to bottom, first exploits the second middle section, by controlling crushed zone exposed area within the scope of each back production, by force
It adopts and goes out to fill by force by force, fine-grained management achievees the purpose that safety coal extraction, has adopted and has been filled, and breaks unstable in the second middle section
Broken band is replaced with more firm obturation, then exploits the first middle section using identical method, makes the top of entire ore body more
Stablize.It is not required to consider the security risk of roof cracking band when such back production lower part ore body, lower-cost mining methods can be used
It is exploited.
However, the recovery method of existing centering thickness low-angle dip breaking ore body still has much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to be proposed based on inventor to following problems and true discovery:
Currently, the middle thickness currently used method of low-angle dip breaking ore body includes that room-and-pillar method, sublevel caving method, slicing and filling are adopted
Mine method and sublevel open stoping afterwards filling method etc..The such ore body of room and pillar caving, built on the sand due to ore-rock, for effective controlroof
Span, general pillar dimension is larger, and array pitch is smaller, and ore pillar loss late is big, goaf stress concentrates in ore pillar, and safety is hidden
Suffer from also larger.Slicing and filling mining codes application is wider, generally Desending slicing admission passage filling method, but such mining methods can not one
It is secondary to adopt full thickness, it need to be performed in multiple times and adopt, fill process, operating efficiency is low.Using the sublevel open stoping afterwards filling method of long and medium hole drilling
Can primary excavation ore body it is entirely thick and by medium-length hole ore blast, improve the ore removal efficiency of scraper, be solve it is thick in low-angle dip
The development trend of orebody mining, but its stope barnyard time compared with it is long, adopt and cut the disadvantages of project amount is big, dilution/loss late is high, it is difficult to
The orebody mining being applicable under the conditions of mine fragmentation.
In consideration of it, the present invention propose in thick low-angle dip breaking ore body recovery method.The recovery method is by reasonably adopting
Work arrangement is cut, using the lateral ore removal of gradually retrusive, not only can effectively control ore dilution rate and loss late, but also can pass through
Caving discharges the secondary stress of stope, eliminates ore-rock bring security risk built on the sand, reduces mining overall cost.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes the recovery methods of low-angle dip breaking ore body thick in one kind.According to
The embodiment of the present invention, the recovery method include: that ore body to be exploited is divided into multiple panels, the two neighboring panel by (1)
Between studding is set, the multiple route type stopes of arrangement in each panel；(2) ore body to be exploited is carried out adopting standard and is cut
It cuts, form the tunnel for being connected to the route type stope and adopts quasi- ramp；(3) the route type stope is divided into multiple back production
Unit, and drawing back and lateral ore removal are carried out to the back production unit, after the completion of each back production unit back production, to institute
It states back production unit and carries out caving processing.
Ore body to be exploited, is divided by the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body according to an embodiment of the present invention first
Multiple panels, and multiple route type stopes are arranged in each panel.And then by adopting quasi- cutting engineering, formed be suitable for personnel,
Material, equipment etc. enter the connecting taxiway in each segmentation tunnel and adopt quasi- ramp.After the completion of stope arrangement, as unit of back production unit
Drawing back is carried out to route type stope, and the ore that exploitation is obtained carries out lateral ore removal, and returns in each back production unit
After the completion of adopting, the secondary stress of goaf top plate is discharged in time.Middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body recovery method of the invention as a result,
Work arrangement is cut by reasonably adopting, using the lateral ore removal of gradually retrusive, can effectively control ore dilution rate and loss late,
And lateral ore removal is more secure to operation safety in route, while the secondary stress of stope is discharged by timely caving, eliminates
Ore-rock bring security risk built on the sand reduces mining overall cost.
In addition, the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have it is as follows
Additional technical characteristic:
In some embodiments of the invention, the length of the studding is 25~35m.It can further improve panel as a result,
The stability in interior tunnel.
In some embodiments of the invention, the length of each route type stope is 180~220m, it is each it is described into
The width of road formula stope is 10~20m.It can further improve production efficiency and safety as a result,.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness phase of the height of the route type stope and the ore body to be exploited
Together.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tunnel includes that ore removal wears arteries and veins, discharging tunnel and ore removal route.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the panel along the orebody strike to be exploited from top to bottom, by centre
Drawing back is carried out to the back production unit to two sides, and forms V-type stope.It can further improve exploitation as a result,
Efficiency and safety.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the drawing back to the back production unit, explosion undercuts using upper
To fanhole(s).It is remarkably improved the efficiency and safety to undercut as a result, and reduces the cost that undercuts.
It in some embodiments of the invention, to the array pitch of fanhole(s) is 1.5~2.0m, pitch of holes 1.5 on described
~2.0m, bore diameter are 75~80mm.It can further improve the efficiency and safety to undercut as a result, and reduce the cost that undercuts.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the invention and advantage will become from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body according to an embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is another visual angle signal of the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body according to an embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 is another visual angle signal of the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body according to an embodiment of the invention
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that another visual angle of the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention shows
It is intended to；
Fig. 7 is that another visual angle of the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention shows
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ",
" thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside", etc. instruction
Orientation or positional relationship be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, be merely for convenience of description the present invention and simplification retouch
It states, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation,
Therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise clear
It is specific to limit.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, the terms such as " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation "
It shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or is integral；It can be mechanical connection,
It is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, can also can be inside two elements indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of connection or two elements, unless otherwise restricted clearly.For the ordinary skill in the art,
The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature in the second feature " on " or " down " can be with
It is that the first and second features directly contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " but fisrt feature be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or be merely representative of
First feature horizontal height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature can be under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below "
One feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height less than second feature.
Inventor has found in the research of the recovery method to middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body, currently, middle thickness low-angle dip is broken
The currently used method of muck body includes room-and-pillar method, sublevel caving method, slicing and filling mining codes and sublevel open stoping afterwards filling method
Deng.The such ore body of room and pillar caving, built on the sand due to ore-rock, for effective controlroof span, general pillar dimension is larger,
Array pitch is smaller, and ore pillar loss late is big, goaf stress concentrates in ore pillar, and security risk is also larger.Slicing and filling mining codes
Using relatively wide, generally Desending slicing admission passage filling method, but such mining methods can not once adopt full thickness, need to be performed in multiple times
It adopts, fill process, operating efficiency is low.Using long and medium hole drilling sublevel open stoping afterwards filling method can primary excavation ore body it is entirely thick,
The ore removal efficiency of scraper can be improved by medium-length hole ore blast again, be the development trend for solving gently inclined medium thick orebody and exploiting, but
Its stope barnyard time compared with it is long, adopt and cut the disadvantages of project amount is big, dilution/loss late is high, it is difficult to be applicable under the conditions of mine fragmentation
Orebody mining.
In consideration of it, the present invention propose in thick low-angle dip breaking ore body recovery method.According to an embodiment of the invention, the party
Method includes: that ore body to be exploited is divided into multiple panels by (1), and studding is arranged between two neighboring panel, arranges in each panel
Multiple route type stopes；(2) it treats exploitation ore body to carry out adopting quasi- cutting, form the tunnel of connection route type stope and adopts quasi- slope
Road；(3) route type stope is divided into multiple back production units, and drawing back and lateral ore removal is carried out to back production unit, often
After the completion of a back production unit back production, caving processing is carried out to back production unit.
Ore body to be exploited, is divided by the recovery method of middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body according to an embodiment of the present invention first
Multiple panels, and multiple route type stopes are arranged in each panel.And then by adopting quasi- cutting engineering, formed be suitable for personnel,
Material, equipment etc. enter the connecting taxiway in each segmentation tunnel and adopt quasi- ramp.After the completion of stope arrangement, as unit of back production unit
Drawing back is carried out to route type stope, and the ore that exploitation is obtained carries out lateral ore removal, and returns in each back production unit
After the completion of adopting, the secondary stress of goaf top plate is discharged in time.Middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body recovery method of the invention as a result,
Work arrangement is cut by reasonably adopting, using the lateral ore removal of gradually retrusive, can effectively control ore dilution rate and loss late,
And lateral ore removal is more secure to operation safety in route, while the secondary stress of stope is discharged by timely caving, eliminates
Ore-rock bring security risk built on the sand reduces mining overall cost.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the recovery method includes S100 with reference to Fig. 1: stope arrangement, S200: adopting quasi- cutting
And S300: back production ore removal.Below with reference to the further middle thick low-angle dip breaking ore body according to an embodiment of the present invention in Fig. 1~4 pair
Recovery method is described in detail:
S100: stope arrangement
In the step, ore body to be exploited is divided into multiple panels 100, studding is set between two neighboring panel 100
200, Fig. 3 show the studding 200 in a panel 100 Yu its two sides, the multiple route type stopes 300 of arrangement in each panel 100.
According to an embodiment of the invention, panel 100 may be disposed so that rectangle.Length or width direction along rectangle panel 100, Mei Gepan
Multiple bar shaped route type stopes 300 are disposed in area 100.Studding 200 is stayed between two neighboring panel 100 simultaneously, to guarantee panel
The stability in tunnel in 100.
According to an embodiment of the invention, column length is 25~35m between two neighboring panel 100.It as a result, can be into one
Step improves the stability in tunnel in panel 100.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the length of each route type stope 300 can separately be 180~220m,
The width of each route type stope 300 can separately be 10~20m.Each bar shaped route type stope in panel 100
300 can be arranged in parallel along the tendency of ore body to be exploited, thus easily facilitate ore body drawing back and lateral ore removal, thus
Further increase production efficiency and safety.
It should be noted that extent sizes described above, column dimension and route type Stope dimension are plane meter
It is very little.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the height of route type stope 300 is identical as the thickness of ore body to be exploited, stope height
For orebody thickness.In some embodiments, segment level (attached to be not shown in the figure) is set in panel 100, passes through between each segmentation
It adopts quasi- ramp to be connected, height of lift may be provided at 10m or so, thus easily facilitates the drawing back of ore body and laterally goes out
Mine, to further increase production efficiency and safety.
The support form for cutting tunnel is respectively adopted according to an embodiment of the invention, can determine according to the specific ROCK CONDITIONS in mine.By
It in ore removal is carried out in ore removal route, operating condition is preferable, generally only need to be in tunnel intersection, the ore removal route of close stope
Deng part, location carries out bolting with wire mesh built on the sand.
S200: quasi- cutting is adopted
It in the step, treats exploitation ore body and carries out adopting quasi- cutting, form the tunnel 400 of connection route type stope 300 and adopt
Quasi- ramp 500.As shown in figure 3, tunnel 400 can be through being arranged in route type stope 300, in order to personnel, material, equipment
Stope operation is carried out Deng by adopting each segmentation tunnel that quasi- ramp 500 and each segmentation connecting taxiway enter route type stope 300.Root
According to specific embodiments of the present invention, adopting quasi- cutting step further includes arrangement mine chute 600, slot raise (attached to be not shown in the figure)
Equal stopes auxiliary facility.
According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, tunnel 400 may include that ore removal wears arteries and veins 410, discharging tunnel 420
With ore removal route 430.It easily facilitates as a result, and is respectively segmented tunnel progress operation in the entrance stope such as personnel, material, equipment.
S300: back production ore removal
In the step, route type stope 300 is divided into multiple back production units 310, and retreat to back production unit 310
Formula back production and lateral ore removal after the completion of each 310 back production of back production unit, carry out at caving the back production unit 310 for completing back production
Reason.By can effectively control ore dilution rate and loss late to the progress drawing back of back production unit 310 and lateral ore removal,
And lateral ore removal is more secure to operation safety in route.In addition, release is adopted in time after the back production for completing a back production unit
The secondary stress of dead zone top plate is cooperateed with caving process by back production, can further improve the safety of operation.According to the present invention
Specific embodiment mine chute 600 (as shown in Figure 3) and middle section 700 He along the pulse can be arranged in stope for the ease of ore removal
Belt transport tunnel 800 (as shown in Figure 2), the ore that back production obtains as a result, can be through mine chute 600, middle section 700 adhesive tapes along the pulse
Haulage drift 800 completes lateral ore removal.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the size of back production unit 310 is not particularly restricted, it can be according to route type stope
300 length and width is adjusted flexibly.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, back production unit 310 can according to 15m × 15m or
The size of 15m × 20m is divided.The size of single back production unit 310 is smaller as a result, by the back production unit in panel
The drawing back for carrying out half step distance, can further decrease ore dilution rate and loss late, and the back production unit back production of small size
Timely caving after the completion is more favorable to ensure the safety of operation.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in the drawing back to back production unit 310, along to quarry in the panel
Body is inclined to from top to bottom, by centre to two sides to the progress V-type drawing back of back production unit 310.Thus, it is possible to gradually to periphery
Transfer avoids stress from concentrating, to improve the safety of the subsequent back production unit exploitation due to exploiting bring secondary stress.
It according to a particular embodiment of the invention, can be according to serial number in each back production unit to the back production of back production unit 310 with reference to Fig. 3
Order carries out, can be according to 1 → 2 → 3 → 4 → 5 → 6 sequences marked in Fig. 3 successively to back production by taking part back production unit as an example
Unit carries out back production, forms V-type stope, and carry out more efficient ore removals of route laterally security.
According to an embodiment of the invention, explosion undercuts on to sector in the drawing back to back production unit 310
Blasthole.It undercuts explosion on to fanhole(s), is remarkably improved and undercuts working efficiency and reduce production cost, and guarantee underground
The stability of pulling end space bottom structure under high stress environment.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, medium-length hole can be used in rock drilling
Drill jumbo is dug in drilling drift to fanhole(s), is detonated using ANFO explosives prill and non-conductivity blasting system, and each quick-fried 2
Arrange~3 rounds, lateral caving.In addition, needing to reinforce stope ventilation after explosion, explosion blasting fume, the distinguished and admirable warp of stope to be discharged as early as possible
Ore removal wears arteries and veins and enters stope, and waste air passes through the drift that dead zone enters upper middle section or segmentation after rinsing Stope face, through returning
Earth's surface is discharged in ventilating shaft, can add portable blower secondary ventilation in stope top return air connecting taxiway when necessary.
To fanhole(s) include multiple rows of blasthole on according to an embodiment of the invention, on to the array pitch of fanhole(s) be 1.5~
2.0m, pitch of holes are 1.5~2.0m, and bore diameter is 75~80mm.A specific example according to the present invention, bore diameter are
76mm.It can further improve as a result, and undercut working efficiency and reduce production cost, and guarantee the sky that undercuts under the high stress environment of underground
Between bottom structure stability.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only to describe
Property, without limiting the invention in any way.
Embodiment
Recovery method according to the invention exploits low-angle dip breaking ore body thick in certain, and stope is arranged such as the institute of Fig. 5~7
Show:
Stope arranges that planar dimension is 230m × 120m in the form of panel, stays 30m studding 200, Mei Gepan between panel 100
Arrange 8 route type stopes 300 in area 100, stope long 200m, wide 15m, stope height is orebody thickness, in middle section by up to
Under successively back production.Segment level is set in panel, is connected between each segmentation by adopting quasi- ramp, height of lift 10m or so.
Several back production units 310 are divided according to the size of 15m × 15m or 15m × 20m in the single route of panel, in route
Gradually back production each unit from the middle to both ends.More routes successively drawing back in panel, stope is according to " V " type
Arrangement, carries out automatic or manual control caving after each 310 back production of back production unit.
Adopting quasi- cutting engineering has ore removal to wear arteries and veins 410, discharging tunnel 420, ore removal route 430, adopt quasi- ramp 500, ore
Drop shaft 600, slot raise etc..Personnel, material, equipment by adopt quasi- ramp and each segmentation connecting taxiway enter each segmentation tunnel into
Row stope operation.
Rock drilling is dug in drilling drift using long and medium hole drilling trolley to fanhole(s), and array pitch is 1.5~2.0m, bottom hole
Away from for 1.5~2m, bore diameterIt is detonated using ANFO explosives prill and non-conductivity blasting system.Each quick-fried 2 row~3 rows
Hole, lateral caving.Ore under quick-fried concentrates on Bottom of Stope ore removal with 10t electric LHD.Stope remains ore using remote control
Scraper recycling.
In conjunction with the composite factors such as influencing each other between stoping operation face, equipment availability, utilization rate and maintenance, stope
Integrated production capacity is about 2000~2500t/d.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office
It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field
Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example
Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned
Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.
Claims (8)
1. the recovery method of thick low-angle dip breaking ore body in one kind characterized by comprising
(1) ore body to be exploited is divided into multiple panels, studding is set between the two neighboring panel, in each panel
Arrange multiple route type stopes；
(2) ore body to be exploited is carried out adopting quasi- cutting, form the tunnel for being connected to the route type stope and adopts quasi- ramp；
(3) the route type stope is divided into multiple back production units, and drawing back and side is carried out to the back production unit
To ore removal, after the completion of each back production unit back production, caving processing is carried out to the back production unit.
2. recovery method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the studding is 25~35m.
3. recovery method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of each route type stope be 180~
220m, the width of each route type stope are 10~20m.
4. recovery method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the height of the route type stope is with described wait exploit
The thickness of ore body is identical.
5. recovery method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tunnel include ore removal wear arteries and veins, discharging tunnel and
Ore removal route.
6. recovery method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the panel along the orebody strike to be exploited by
Drawing back is carried out under, by centre to two sides to the back production unit.
7. recovery method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the drawing back to the back production unit,
Explosion undercuts on to fanhole(s).
8. recovery method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that on described to the array pitch of fanhole(s) be 1.5~
2.0m, pitch of holes are 1.5~2.0m, and bore diameter is 75~80mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811360826.3A CN109339790B (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | Mining method of medium-thickness gently-inclined broken ore body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811360826.3A CN109339790B (en) | 2018-11-15 | 2018-11-15 | Mining method of medium-thickness gently-inclined broken ore body |
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