RU2403391C1 - Mechanised support for steep beds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: mechanised support for steep beds includes basic stand and linear sections. Basic stand is divided into basic sections, every of which consists of front and goaf walls with hydraulic props of thrust and tail pieces connecting front and goaf walls by bed soil. Each linear section consists of hydraulic prop with roof bar and support board fixed on movable supports attached to capsule, at the same time bottom of capsule is arranged with a bulge in the form of shoe. Movable support consists of two light disks placed through bearings onto axis, between which on top there is a pressing plank with springs sending their forces to the same axis of support through bearing underneath.

EFFECT: increased stability and improved hauling of support at steep falling under conditions of weak side rocks.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the coal industry, in particular to the field of mechanized fastening of mine workings during the extraction of coal from the average power of steep seams.

The relevance of the invention: “... the creation of effective means of mechanization for coal mining from steep seams is a very difficult scientific and design problem, not only in Russia but also abroad.

To date, no effective technology and safe technology for mining steep formations has been created. Therefore, in many coal-mining countries, such layers are not practiced, but preserved.

The problem of creating integrated mechanization tools for mining steep formations remains relevant for the Kuznetsk Basin ”(from documents of the Department of Coal Industry and Energy of the Kuznetsk Basin, 2008).

Known treatment plants of the type KM87, KM88, KMT, OKP, KM103, including roof support sections, SECTION BEAMS guides connecting the conveyor belt to the roof support sections, the BASE of the complex in the form of a conveyor stand and a excavating organ ([1] 148-167). These are powerful, high-performance complexes with stable mechanized supports that work with formation dip angles of up to 10-15 °. Known modern unified complexes of a new technical level such as KM137, KM138, KM142, KM143, KM144, designed for flat coal seams with an angle of incidence of up to 35 ° [2].

All of these complexes cannot be used on inclined and steep seams with an angle of over 35 ° and with deserted coal mining.

On a steep fall, the lining is prone to slipping and tipping over towards the fall. The search for a support mechanism for stabilization is carried out in various directions.

The well-known Dolinsky MKD complex with mechanized support [3]. Complex for inclined and steep formations of MKD, including the complex becoming, a shearer, a control system and support sections, each of which contains an overlap with a visor that can rotate 180 ° to the bottom, a guard, racks and a base connected with the motor jack becoming and SECTIONAL GUIDE, characterized in that the base of the lining section is made uniform for the section and is equipped with a VERTICAL BRACKET AND MOUNTS located in the plane of symmetry of the base, the sectional guide consists of and Two hinged beam connections with three mutually parallel hinges.

The disadvantages of supporting the MKD complex are as follows. The system of stabilization of sections in a plane perpendicular to the plane of becoming two guide beams with a vertical bracket on the shoe and with a stabilizing jack on the top, eliminates or reduces the tendency to tilt the sections to the bottom or from the bottom, but little prevents the turn, tilt and slide towards the dip of the formation. RELEASE OF THE BASIC BEAM TO THE SOIL OF THE FORM, also contributes to sliding, skewing and tipping over, especially when the water content of the soil (natural or during irrigation), when the excavating organ vibrates with weak lateral rocks (bathed above the upper sections and buried the shoe in the soil of the formation).

Known mechanized lining for steep fall layers [4], adopted as a prototype.

It includes a base stand, divided into base sections, each of which consists of a front and block wall with hydraulic struts of a thrust and shanks connecting the front and block walls along the soil of the formation, and linear sections, each of which consists of a hydraulic stand with an upper and a base plate, which are mounted on roller bearings mounted to move inside the shanks of the base section, characterized in that the linear sections contain a capsule with stiffeners and coated with porous rubber or polymer onto The hydraulic stand with the upper and base plate rests, and the roller bearings are attached to the capsule, and the capsule is made with a thickening of the bottom in the form of a shoe. For the convenience of servicing the control equipment located in the capsule, along the front wall of the base section there is a human walker with an air duct creating a back-up of clean air both inside the walker and inside the capsule - the hardware compartment.

The disadvantage of this mechanized lining is the placement of roller bearings inside the shanks, which can lead to their filling and jamming, especially on formations with weak lateral rocks and soils prone to expansion. Jamming the roller bearings can significantly reduce the performance of the lining.

The OBJECT of the INVENTION is to further increase stability and improve the movement of the lining on a steep fall in the conditions of weak lateral rocks.

This goal is achieved by the fact that instead of the roller bearing, a wheel bearing is used with the ability to move along the shanks of the base section. The shock-absorbing device and the clamping device ensure the stability of the lining throughout the entire extraction cycle and protect the shanks of the base sections from being clamped during the expansion of the linear section and feeding the base section to the bottom.

All other elements of the proposed lining are identical to the lining-analogue [4].

The mechanisms of movement and lining correction are also preserved. Control electronics are also protected from vibration by coating the capsule body with a layer of porous rubber or polymer.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the lining section, figure 2 is a view of the lining from above with a slit; figure 3 is a side view of the lining with a local incision.

The linear section consists of a hydrostatic strut 2 with the top 1, a base plate 3 and a strong capsule 4 with stiffeners, coated with rubber or polymer and having a thickening of its lower part in the form of a shoe 5.

Directly attached to the capsule 4 is a movable wheel support, which consists of the following elements: an arm 6 with a shock absorber 7, two lightweight disks 8 with bearings mounted on an axis 9. Between the disks 8, there is a pressure bar 10 with springs 11 on top, which transfers their efforts to that the axis 9 through the bearing 12 located under it. The movable support is mounted on shanks 13 of a special profile of the base section with the ability to move along them.

The base section consists of front 14 and rear 15 walls, rigidly interconnected by shanks 13, along which the linear section moves after it is unloaded. The walls of the base section burst into the roof with hydraulic pillars 16 through the upper 17.

The basic and linear sections are interconnected by two hydraulic ram jacks 18, 19, as well as kinematically through a movable support (see figure 2).

Progress

The extraction cycle begins with the destruction of coal in a physical way such as a laser, ultrasound or a jet of high pressure water. The mining control equipment is located in capsule 4. Coal is delivered by gravity along a lava at a steep fall.

As coal is mined, the base section with support (if stability of the side rocks allows) is supplied to the face by jacks 18, 19. In this case, the shanks 13 freely slide under the movable supports of the linear section, and the rock pressure is transmitted through the elements 1, 2, 3, 4 to the shoe 5. Then the hydraulic pillars of the base section 16 are bursting, and the hydraulic pillar 2 of the linear section is unloaded. In this case, the shock absorbers 7 raise the linear section together with the shoe 5, transferring its weight to the movable supports, and the linear section is pulled by jacks 18, 19 to the front wall of the base section, almost moving along the shanks 13 of the base section. In order to eliminate the loss of stability of the linear section of the lining and its inclination in the direction of falling between the disks of the movable wheel supports, there is a clamping bar 10 with springs 11 on top, transmitting their forces to the axis 9 of the movable support through the bearing 12, which significantly reduces the friction force.

This method of moving the lining is especially effective in weak soil prone to swelling. In this case, the filling and jamming of the movable supports does not occur. When pieces of rock fall, the wheel support easily crosses an obstacle, while the clamping bar 10 rises up, and then again returns to its place with springs 11.

For the convenience of servicing the control equipment located in the capsule 4, a human walker 21 with an air duct 22 is laid along the front wall of the base section, which creates a blockage of clean air both inside the walker and inside the capsule 4 connected telescopically with a manhole 23 to the walker 21. dust in the working space of the lava is excluded.

If it is necessary to correct the support, as a result of its sliding or changing the length of the lava due to kinks and fluctuations in the angle of incidence of the formation, the construction of the support allows moving sections along the uprising of the formation alternately, starting from the top.

The process begins with a short-term unloading of the hydraulic pillars 2 and 16 of the linear and base sections and their advancement upward through the formation uprising with the help of hydraulic jacks 20, which are based on the downstream extended support section. Then, all the aforementioned hydrostands 2 and 16 are bursting in a new place.

A similar process is repeated with all sections from the top to the bottom of the lava. When changing the length of the lava, the reverse process is possible - lowering the lining sections, starting from the lowest.

The technical and economic benefits of the implementation of this invention are obvious: due to the lack of workable supports, huge coal reserves in steep seams are preserved.

Information sources

1. Khorin V.N. Development of technology for underground mining of coal, potash and manganese ores. M .: Nedra, 1985, p.148-167.

2. Orlov A.A. and others. Fastening and roof management in complex mechanized working faces. - M .: Nedra, 1993, p. 217-279.

3. Patent RU 2276729 C1, E21D 23/00, Bull. Number 14.

4. Patent RU 2324820 C1, E21D 23/00, Bull. Number 14.

Claims (2)

1. Mechanized support for steep seams, including a base stand, divided into base sections, each of which consists of a front and block walls with hydraulic pillars of a thrust and shanks connecting the front and block walls along the soil of the formation, and linear sections, each of which consists of hydrostands with upper and base plate, which are mounted on movable supports attached to the capsule, the bottom of the capsule is made with a thickening in the form of a shoe, characterized in that the movable support consists of two lightweight disks, pressed through bearings on an axis, between which there is a clamping plate with springs on top, transmitting their efforts to the same bearing axis through a bearing located under it. 2. Mechanized support according to claim 1, characterized in that the movable support is mounted on the shanks of the special profile of the base section and moves the linear section along them after unloading.

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