CN114320417A - Anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114320417A CN114320417A CN202111568537.4A CN202111568537A CN114320417A CN 114320417 A CN114320417 A CN 114320417A CN 202111568537 A CN202111568537 A CN 202111568537A CN 114320417 A CN114320417 A CN 114320417A
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002173 cutting fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device and a working method thereof. The sliding and rotating part is positioned above the main frame, and the sliding and telescopic cutting compound action realizes the one-time feeding of the walking part, so that the section forming can be realized; the supporting parts are positioned in front of and behind the walking part, and support the ground during cutting, so that the probability of tail swing of the development machine is reduced, and the safe operation of the forepoling part and the anchor rod drilling unit is ensured; the forepoling part is positioned in front of the sliding rotary part and used for implementing stable protection on surrounding rocks of the temporary shoring area; the anchor rod drilling unit is located above the sliding rotary part. Compared with the existing tunneling, supporting and anchoring combined unit, the anchoring part is closer to the cutting section, the ultra-short temporary support is provided, and the tunnel safety is guaranteed while the parallel operation of tunneling, supporting and anchoring is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine roadway rapid tunneling equipment, and particularly relates to an anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device.
Background
Most underground coal mine tunneling working faces have small space, multiple working procedures, multiple systems, complex conditions and easily broken surrounding rocks, so that the intelligent development of the tunneling faces is seriously lagged behind the coal mining working faces, and the coal mining efficiency is greatly reduced.
Still there is some existing colliery driving faces in China still to adopt traditional construction technology, namely by the operation of entry driving machine stand-alone, shut down after accomplishing a work step, the workman carries anchor equipment to entry driving machine the place ahead, accomplishes tasks such as lapping, net-connecting, steel band, beat anchor rod, cartridge, the operating condition danger of workman, intensity of labour is big, entry driving machine construction technology is complicated slowly, cutting and anchor can't parallel operation, workman's quantity is many, consequently the overall efficiency is low.
The method is characterized in that a tunneling and anchoring integrated machine is adopted for part of coal mines, two or more jumbolters are connected to a cutting arm of the tunneling machine, the cutting arm stops working after one working step is finished, the jumbolters are conveyed to a position to be anchored through a cantilever mechanism, and then tasks such as net laying, net connecting, steel belt feeding, anchor rod driving, explosive cartridge feeding and the like are finished before and after workers go up.
A part of coal mine excavation tunnels with good geological conditions and almost no broken roof are constructed by adopting a continuous mining machine or a shield machine, the two technologies have certain mechanization, integration and automation degrees, can realize excavation and anchoring synchronization, reduce the labor intensity of workers and ensure relatively safe operation environment, but are only suitable for coal mines with good conditions, and the tunnel shape is fixed.
In order to realize intensive, personnel-reducing, rapid, efficient and safe construction of the fully-mechanized excavation working face, workers need to be far away from the cutting face, the harm of dust generation to the bodies of the workers is reduced, and the workers are guaranteed to work under a safe roof; the tunneling, advance support and permanent anchoring are integrated, so that the equipment is integrated and centralized controlled; the remote control and automatic cutting technology is adopted, a new machine type and a new process are developed to adapt to the automatic cutting technology, and the cutting efficiency is improved; the parallel operation of tunneling and anchoring is realized, and the tunneling efficiency is improved; and the geological conditions and requirements of the existing roadway are met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device and a working method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an anchor advancing type rapid tunneling and supporting device, comprising:
the walking part is connected with the main frame and is used for driving the whole machine to move forward;
the telescopic cutting part is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the main frame through the sliding rotary part and is used for realizing cutting compensation;
the full-section shoveling and conveying part is positioned below the sliding and rotating part and used for realizing full-section coal collection;
the supporting parts are positioned at the front end and the rear end of the crawler belt of the development machine and used for stabilizing the machine body during cutting;
further comprising:
the advance support part is positioned in front of the sliding rotary part and used for temporarily supporting a newly cut roadway roof and a newly cut roadway side wall, the advance support part comprises two groups of supports which can alternately support and translate and are respectively a main support and an auxiliary support, wherein,
the main support is located full section scraper portion both sides include:
the symmetry sets up two bases in the left and right both sides of full section scraper portion, is connected with on every base:
the bottom of the first supporting upright post is fixedly connected with the base, and the outer side of the first supporting upright post is connected with a side support;
the first top beam stretches across the two first supporting upright columns, and a first flexible longitudinal beam is hinged to the upper part of the first top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
the lateral swing support rod is positioned in front of the first support upright post, the bottom of the lateral swing support rod is hinged in front of the base through a first horizontal rod piece, and the upper part of the lateral swing support rod is hinged in front of the top beam through a second horizontal rod piece;
the main support pushing guide rod is positioned behind the base and is connected with the walking part through a sliding sleeve;
one end of the main support pushing oil cylinder is connected to the base, and the other end of the main support pushing oil cylinder is connected to the sliding sleeve;
supplementary supporting is located the walking portion top, includes:
the bottom of the second supporting upright post is fixedly arranged above the walking part;
the second top beam stretches across the two second supporting upright columns, and a second flexible longitudinal beam is hinged to the upper part of the second top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
the folding ground supporting upright post is positioned in front of the second supporting upright post, the upper part of the folding ground supporting upright post is connected with the second top beam through a swing oil cylinder, and the lower part of the folding ground supporting upright post is contacted with the ground through a vertical oil cylinder;
and a plurality of circulating steel beams are arranged above the first flexible longitudinal beam and the second flexible longitudinal beam.
And a vibration isolator is additionally arranged at the joint of the second supporting upright post of the auxiliary support and the host.
The anchor rod drilling machine set is arranged above the sliding rotary part, the anchor rod drilling machine set is arranged behind the rotary table, the anchor rod drilling machine set further comprises an H-shaped anchoring support frame, and telescopic support legs are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the H-shaped anchoring support frame;
before the heading machine cuts off, the H-shaped anchoring support frame acts on the ground and the top plate through the telescopic support legs, and the anchor rod drilling machine is lifted away from the heading machine to independently perform anchoring operation;
when the heading machine advances, the telescopic support legs of the H-shaped anchoring support frame retract to enable the H-shaped anchoring support frame to fall in the conical mounting groove of the main machine, and the main machine carries the anchor rod drilling unit to advance.
The slip turning portion includes:
the rotary table is connected with the sliding frame through a rotary support and is positioned in front of the upper part of the sliding frame; the sliding frame is connected with the sliding support in a guiding way through bolts at two sides of the lower part;
one end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the sliding frame through a hinge lug, and the other end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the main frame through a hinge lug.
Full section scooptram portion is through flexible deformation and folding deformation adaptation tunnel width change, installs spiral guide device simultaneously, with the accumulational coal charge direction in the middle of both sides, include:
a main blade;
the star wheel auxiliary material guide device is positioned in the middle part above the main shovel plate and is driven by a hydraulic motor;
the two telescopic shovel plates are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the main shovel plate, and each telescopic shovel plate is connected with the main shovel plate through a telescopic oil cylinder, so that the translation from the inner side of the main shovel plate to the outer side of the two sides of the main shovel plate can be realized;
the folding plate is connected to the outer side of the telescopic shovel plate through a hinge lug;
the spiral material guiding device is arranged on the folding plate and comprises a spiral material guiding rod, one end of the spiral material guiding rod is connected with the folding plate through a motor mounting seat, and the other end of the spiral material guiding rod is connected with the folding plate through a bearing mounting seat.
The supporting part comprises a front support and a rear support, the fixed end of the front support is hinged with the outer side of the walking part, the free end of the front support extends forwards and is positioned below the full-section shoveling part, and the free end of the front support is in contact with the ground;
the rear support is connected to the rear of the main frame through a flange, and a support is installed at the bottom of the rear support and is in contact with the ground.
The invention further discloses a working method of the anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing auxiliary materials used in the construction process of the anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device on site, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise steel belts, anchor nets and anchor rods, and the anchor nets are firstly arranged into a required state and placed in an anchor net mounting frame;
s2, checking each key part of the unit and starting the equipment to drive the walking part to a proper position;
s3, the first supporting upright post of the advance supporting part acts, the first top beam of the main supporting part rises and supports the circulating steel beam, so that the circulating steel beam is supported to the top plate of the roadway, meanwhile, the lateral swinging support rod oil cylinder is driven, so that the upright post of the swinging support rod is positioned at a proper position, then the side supporting part is driven to support the side wall of the roadway, the second supporting upright post is operated to ascend and descend to a proper height, the top plate is not supported, the work of the cutting part is not interfered, and the auxiliary supporting does not work in the cutting process;
s4, driving the full-section shoveling and transporting part to adapt to the width change of the roadway through telescopic deformation and folding deformation, and starting a shoveling and transporting system;
s5, starting the cutting part, driving the cutting part forwards by the walking part to send the cutting part into the front coal wall for the first time, and then driving the front support and the rear support to be supported to the roadway floor by proper force;
s6, the cutting part swings up and down, left and right to complete the section cutting work required by construction, and differential compensation cutting is realized by sliding the sliding rotary part back and forth and stretching the stretching cutting part, so that the section is flat and reaches the size meeting the design requirement, and the position relation between the walking part and the ground in the cutting process is kept as stable as possible;
s7, in the process of the step S5, the H-shaped anchoring support frame (12) acts on the ground and the top plate through the telescopic support legs, the anchor rod drilling machine is lifted away from the heading machine, and a plurality of top anchor rod drilling machines and side anchor rod drilling machines on the anchor rod drilling machine set act simultaneously to perform anchoring operation;
s8, after the step S6 and the step S7 are completed, the second supporting upright column rises to enable the second flexible longitudinal beam to be supported to the bottom of the circulating steel beam, the swing oil cylinder of the folding ground supporting upright column acts to enable the folding ground supporting upright column to be vertically downward, the vertical oil cylinder extends out to be contacted with the ground, the first supporting upright column descends to enable the last circulating steel beam under the first flexible longitudinal beam to be away from the bottom of the circulating steel beam supported at the front part for a certain distance, then the main support pushing oil cylinder is driven to enable the main support base to drive the main support to move forwards for a step distance, the first supporting upright column is lifted immediately to enable the first flexible longitudinal beam to be supported to the bottom of the circulating steel beam, and the steel beam loading action is completed in the process, and the side support is always in a pressure support state in the process;
s9, lowering the second supporting upright post, and withdrawing the folding ground supporting upright post to enable the second flexible longitudinal beam to be away from the bottom of the circulating steel beam for a certain distance, wherein the auxiliary support does not work in the cutting process, and once special conditions occur in the cutting process, the top plate needs to be participated in the work by the auxiliary support group;
a vibration isolator is additionally arranged at the joint of a second support upright post of the auxiliary support and the host machine to slow down the transmission of the vibration of the host machine to the top plate;
and S10, repeating the steps S5-S9 to realize continuous tunneling.
Compared with the existing roadway rapid tunneling equipment, the roadway rapid tunneling equipment has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the unanchored top plate is protected by adopting the advance support, and the anchoring construction point of a worker is moved to the rear of the advance support, so that the worker is far away from the cutting surface, the harm of dust to the body of the worker is reduced, and the advance support can ensure that the worker works under the safe top plate; because the top plate protected by the advance support is not anchored, the advance support area is always in a support protection state, so that the advance support capable of alternately supporting and translating is designed, namely two groups of support frames are arranged, one group of support frames is connected with the main machine body, the other group of support frames runs on the ground by means of pushing of the main machine body, the advance support is designed to have a steel beam (6) circulating laying function, and the mechanism for laying the steel beam and the structural form of the steel beam are shown in the same family patents CN201910870500.3, CN201910675379.9 and CN011202558.
Secondly, in order to ensure the quality and safety of the roof, the advance support area is shortened as much as possible, and since the number of bolts in a single row must be sufficient, the area of the working space in which the cutting part swings cannot accommodate a plurality of jumbolters, and therefore the position at which the bolting unit is accommodated is set behind the turning point.
Thirdly, as the space for the front part to support the lower upright post in advance is extremely limited due to the swing of the cutting arm, and the upright post between the cutting section and the swing turning point of the cutting arm cannot interfere with the normal work of the shovel plate part, the front upright post of the main support is designed into a lateral swing structure, the front end of the auxiliary support is designed into a ground supporting upright post which can be folded and retracted, and when the main support group advances, the folding ground supporting upright post which needs to be supported in advance swings downwards from the upper part to support the front part of the shovel plate, thereby providing effective supporting force for a top plate.
According to the scheme, a process that the traditional heading machine completes section cutting by frequently moving the pose of the walking part is abandoned, the one-stage feeding cutting platform is designed above the track, and the telescopic cutting part is used for ensuring that the heading machine cuts under the condition of stably standing the heading machine, so that the technical mode can improve the cutting efficiency, avoid the frequent movement of the pose of the heading machine, reduce the damage to the repeated grinding of the ground, and provide a foundation guarantee for the application of the automatic cutting technology of the heading machine.
The invention also provides a solution for vibration isolation of the roadway roof, wherein an auxiliary support is connected to a host, the host vibrates greatly in the cutting process, and the cutting vibration is transmitted to the roadway roof through a support upright post to crush and separate the roof.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an anchor advancing type rapid tunneling machine according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the flexible stringers of the present invention and their connection to the header;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the main support structure of the side support of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the main support structure of the present invention without side supports;
FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of the side support mounting arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an auxiliary support structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the position relationship between the roofbolter unit and the roadheader of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the bolt drilling assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the sliding cutting unit and the connection structure with the main frame according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a full-face shovel plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a first header of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a second header of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic structural view of the anchor advancing type rapid tunneling machine according to the present invention;
wherein, 1 is a walking part; 2 is a main frame; 3 is a telescopic cutting part; 4 is a sliding rotary part; 5 is a full-section carry-scraper part; 6 is a front supporting part; 7 is a rear supporting part; 8, main support; 9 is an auxiliary support; 10 is a base; 11 is a first supporting upright post; 12 is a side support; 13 is a first top beam; 14 is a first flexible longitudinal beam; 15 is a lateral swing supporting rod; 16 is a first horizontal bar; 17 is a second horizontal bar; 18 is a main support pushing guide rod; 19 is a sliding sleeve; 20 is a main support pushing cylinder; 21 is a second support column; 22 is a second top beam; 23 is a second flexible longitudinal beam; 24 is a folding ground pillar; 25 is a swing oil cylinder; 26 is a vertical oil cylinder; 27 is a circulating steel beam; 28 is a vibration isolator; 29 is an anchor rod drilling unit; 30 is an H-shaped anchoring supporting frame; 31 is a telescopic supporting leg; 32 is a conical mounting groove; 33 is a rotary table; 34 is a rotary support; 35 is a sliding frame; 36 is a sliding support guide; 37 is a sliding driving oil cylinder; 38 is a main shovel plate; 39 is a star wheel auxiliary material guide device; 40 is a first telescopic shovel plate; 41 is a second telescopic shovel plate; 42 is a telescopic oil cylinder; 43 is a folding plate; 44 is a spiral guide rod; 45 is a motor mounting seat; 46 is a bearing mounting seat; 140 is a first flexible beam section one; 141 is a second flexible core longitudinal beam section; 142 is a first flexible-core longitudinal beam section III; 230 is a first second flexible beam section; 231 is a second flexible stringer section two; 232 is a third flexible beam section III; 47 is an oil cylinder; 48 is a temporary forepoling area; 49 is an anchor net; and 50 is a permanent anchor zone.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the specific embodiments and the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, an anchoring advancing type rapid tunneling and supporting device comprises:
the walking part 1 is connected with the main frame 2 and used for driving the whole machine to move forward;
the telescopic cutting part 3 is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the main frame through the sliding rotary part 4 and is used for realizing cutting compensation;
the full-section shoveling and conveying part 5 is positioned below the sliding and rotating part, adapts to the width change of a roadway through telescopic deformation and folding deformation, realizes full-section coal collection, and is provided with a spiral material guide device to guide coal materials accumulated on two sides to the middle;
the supporting parts are positioned at the front end and the rear end of the crawler belt of the development machine and used for stabilizing the machine body during cutting;
the advance support part is positioned in front of the sliding rotary part and used for temporarily supporting a newly cut roadway roof and a newly cut roadway side wall, the advance support part comprises two groups of supports which can alternately support and translate, namely a main support 8 and an auxiliary support 9, wherein,
as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the main support 8 is located on both sides of the full-face carry-scraper portion, and includes:
the symmetry sets up two bases 10 in the left and right both sides of full section scraper portion, is connected with on every base:
the bottom of the first supporting upright post 11 is fixedly connected with the base, and the outer side of the first supporting upright post is connected with a side support 12;
the first top beam 13 stretches across the two first supporting upright columns, and a first flexible longitudinal beam 14 is hinged to the upper part of the first top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
the lateral swing support rod 15 is positioned in front of the first support upright post, the bottom of the lateral swing support rod is hinged in front of the base through a first horizontal rod piece 16, and the upper part of the lateral swing support rod is hinged in front of the top beam through a second horizontal rod piece 17;
the main support pushing guide rod 18 is positioned behind the base and is connected with the walking part through a sliding sleeve 19;
a main support pushing cylinder 20, one end of which is connected to the base and the other end of which is connected to the sliding sleeve;
as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the auxiliary support 9 is located above the walking part, and includes:
a second support column 21, the bottom of which is fixedly arranged above the walking part;
the second top beam 22 spans over the two second supporting upright columns, and a second flexible longitudinal beam 23 is hinged above the second top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
a folding ground supporting upright post 24 is positioned in front of the second supporting upright post, the upper part of the folding ground supporting upright post is connected with the second top beam through a swing oil cylinder 25, and the lower part of the folding ground supporting upright post is contacted with the ground through a vertical oil cylinder 26;
as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of circulating steel beams 27 are arranged above the first flexible longitudinal beam and the second flexible longitudinal beam.
As shown in fig. 2, a vibration isolator 28 is additionally arranged at the joint of the second support column of the auxiliary support and the main machine.
As shown in fig. 8, a bolting rig unit 29 is arranged above the slip swivel 4, and the bolting rig unit is positioned behind the swivel.
As shown in fig. 9, the anchor rod unit further includes an H-shaped anchoring support frame 30, and telescopic support legs 31 are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the H-shaped anchoring support frame;
before the heading machine cuts off, the H-shaped anchoring support frame acts on the ground and the top plate through the telescopic support legs, and the anchor rod drilling machine is lifted away from the heading machine to independently perform anchoring operation;
when the heading machine advances, the telescopic support legs of the H-shaped anchoring support frame retract to enable the H-shaped anchoring support frame to stably fall into the main machine conical mounting groove 32, and the main machine advances with the anchor rod drilling unit.
As shown in fig. 1 and 10, the slip turning portion 4 includes:
a rotary table 33 connected to the slide frame 35 through a rotary support 34 and positioned in front of the upper part of the slide frame; the sliding frame is connected with a sliding support guide 36 through bolts at two sides of the lower part;
one end of the sliding driving oil cylinder 37 is connected with the sliding frame through a hinge lug, and the other end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the main frame 2 through a hinge lug.
As shown in fig. 11, full section scraper portion 5 is through flexible deformation and folding deformation adaptation tunnel width change, realizes full section receipts coal, installs spiral guide device simultaneously, with the accumulational coal charge direction of both sides in the middle of, includes:
a main blade 38;
the star wheel auxiliary material guide device 39 is positioned in the middle part above the main shovel plate and is driven by a hydraulic motor;
the two telescopic shovel plates are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the main shovel plate, and each telescopic shovel plate is connected with the main shovel plate through a telescopic oil cylinder 42, so that the translation from the inner side of the main shovel plate to the outer side of the two sides of the main shovel plate can be realized;
a folding plate 43 connected to the outer side of the telescopic shovel plate by a hinge lug;
the spiral material guiding device is arranged on the folding plate and comprises a spiral material guiding rod 44, one end of the spiral material guiding rod is connected with the folding plate through a motor mounting seat 45, and the other end of the spiral material guiding rod is connected with the folding plate through a bearing mounting seat 46.
As shown in fig. 1, the supporting part comprises a front support 6 and a rear support 7, the fixed end of the front support is hinged with the outer side of the walking part, the free end of the front support extends forwards and is positioned below the full-section carrying part, and the free end of the front support is in contact with the ground;
the rear support is connected to the rear of the main frame through a flange, and a support is installed at the bottom of the rear support and is in contact with the ground.
Compared with the prior roadway rapid tunneling equipment, the roadway rapid tunneling equipment has the following technical characteristics:
the invention adopts the traditional rocker arm cutting part, can adapt to the sections with various sizes and shapes and the complex top and bottom plate coal rock structure, and is suitable for the tunneling work of most of domestic coal roadways;
the front supports are adopted to protect the un-anchored top plate, and the anchoring construction points of workers are moved to the rear of the front supports, so that the workers are far away from the cutting surfaces, the harm of dust generation to the bodies of the workers is reduced, and the front supports can ensure the workers to work under the safe top plate;
secondly, because the top plate protected by the advance support is not anchored, the advance support area is always in a support protection state, so that the advance support capable of alternately supporting and translating is designed, namely two groups of support frames are arranged, one group of support frames is connected with the main machine body, the other group of support frames runs on the ground by the pushing of the main machine body, the advance support is designed to have a steel beam circulating laying function, and the structural forms of a mechanism for laying the steel beam and the steel beam are shown in the same family patents CN201910870500.3, CN201910675379.9 and CN011202551648. X;
thirdly, in order to ensure the quality and safety of the top plate, the advance support area needs to be shortened as much as possible, and because the number of single-row anchor rods is required to be enough, a plurality of anchor rod drilling machines cannot be arranged in the area of the swing working space of the cutting part, the position for arranging the anchor rod unit is arranged behind the rotary table;
the front part of the cutting arm can be used for supporting the lower upright post in advance due to the swing of the cutting arm, and the upright post between the cutting section and the swing turning point of the cutting arm cannot interfere the normal work of the shovel plate part, so that the front upright post of the main support is designed into a lateral swing structure, the front upright post of the auxiliary support is designed into a foldable and retractable structure, and when the main support group advances, the front upright post legs needing the auxiliary support swing from the upper part to be supported to the front of the shovel plate, thereby providing effective supporting force for a top plate;
according to the scheme, a process that the traditional heading machine completes section cutting by frequently moving the pose of the walking part is abandoned, the one-stage feeding cutting platform is designed above the crawler and the telescopic cutting part is used for ensuring that the heading machine cuts under the condition of stably standing the heading machine, so that the technical mode can improve the cutting efficiency, avoid the frequent movement of the pose of the heading machine, reduce the damage to the repeated grinding of the ground and provide a foundation guarantee for the application of the automatic cutting technology of the heading machine.
The invention also provides a solution for vibration isolation of the roadway roof, wherein an auxiliary support is connected to a host, the host vibrates greatly in the cutting process, and the cutting vibration is transmitted to the roadway roof through a support upright post to crush and separate the roof.
The specific implementation steps are as follows:
step 1, firstly operating, arranging the development machine at a position away from a section by a certain distance, and outwards unfolding the lateral swing support rod oil cylinder to adapt to the width of a shovel plate;
step 4, the sliding feed oil cylinder and the telescopic cutting part are linked to act to finish section cutting and contour finishing;
in the process of the step 3 to the step 4, the frame supporting legs are extended out, and after the frame supporting legs are supported to the top plate and the bottom plate, the upper supporting legs and the lower supporting legs continue to perform linkage action, so that the frame body is upwards separated from the mounting groove, and then a worker starts anchoring work;
and (5) repeating the step 3 to the step 7 to complete the continuous and rapid tunneling of the roadway.
Note: the front support and the rear support of the cutting process of the heading machine, the shovel plate, the first transportation, the second transportation, the spraying, the ventilation and other working contents are generally mature technologies, and detailed description is not given herein, and the technical scheme is not represented to have the functions.
Claims (7)
1. An anchor advancing type rapid tunneling and supporting device, comprising:
the walking part is connected with the main frame and is used for driving the whole machine to move forward;
the telescopic cutting part is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the main frame through the sliding rotary part and is used for realizing cutting compensation;
the full-section shoveling and conveying part is positioned below the sliding and rotating part and used for realizing full-section coal collection;
the supporting parts are positioned at the front end and the rear end of the crawler belt of the development machine and used for stabilizing the machine body during cutting;
it is characterized by also comprising:
the advance support part is positioned in front of the sliding rotary part and used for temporarily supporting a newly cut roadway roof and a newly cut roadway side wall, the advance support part comprises two groups of supports which can alternately support and translate and are respectively a main support and an auxiliary support, wherein,
the main support is located full section scraper portion both sides include:
the symmetry sets up two bases in the left and right both sides of full section scraper portion, is connected with on every base:
the bottom of the first supporting upright post is fixedly connected with the base, and the outer side of the first supporting upright post is connected with a side support;
the first top beam stretches across the two first supporting upright columns, and a first flexible longitudinal beam is hinged to the upper part of the first top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
the lateral swing support rod is positioned in front of the first support upright post, the bottom of the lateral swing support rod is hinged in front of the base through a first horizontal rod piece, and the upper part of the lateral swing support rod is hinged in front of the top beam through a second horizontal rod piece;
the main support pushing guide rod is positioned behind the base and is connected with the walking part through a sliding sleeve;
one end of the main support pushing oil cylinder is connected to the base, and the other end of the main support pushing oil cylinder is connected to the sliding sleeve;
supplementary supporting is located the walking portion top, includes:
the bottom of the second supporting upright post is fixedly arranged above the walking part;
the second top beam stretches across the two second supporting upright columns, and a second flexible longitudinal beam is hinged to the upper part of the second top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
the folding ground supporting upright post is positioned in front of the second supporting upright post, the upper part of the folding ground supporting upright post is connected with the second top beam through a swing oil cylinder, and the lower part of the folding ground supporting upright post is contacted with the ground through a vertical oil cylinder;
and a plurality of circulating steel beams are arranged above the first flexible longitudinal beam and the second flexible longitudinal beam.
2. The anchored advancing type rapid tunneling and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein a vibration isolator is additionally arranged at the joint of the second supporting upright of the auxiliary support and the main machine.
3. The anchor forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein an anchor rod drilling unit is arranged above the sliding rotary part, the anchor rod drilling unit is arranged behind the rotary table, the device further comprises an H-shaped anchor supporting frame, and telescopic supporting legs are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the H-shaped anchor supporting frame;
before the heading machine cuts off, the H-shaped anchoring support frame acts on the ground and the top plate through the telescopic support legs, and the anchor rod drilling machine is lifted away from the heading machine to independently perform anchoring operation;
when the heading machine advances, the telescopic support legs of the H-shaped anchoring support frame retract to enable the H-shaped anchoring support frame to fall in the conical mounting groove of the main machine, and the main machine carries the anchor rod drilling unit to advance.
4. The anchor-advancing rapid tunneling, support device according to claim 1, wherein the slip revolving portion comprises:
the rotary table is connected with the sliding frame through a rotary support and is positioned in front of the upper part of the sliding frame; the sliding frame is connected with the sliding support in a guiding way through bolts at two sides of the lower part;
one end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the sliding frame through a hinge lug, and the other end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the main frame through a hinge lug.
5. The anchored advancing rapid tunneling and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the full-face shoveling part adapts to the width change of the roadway through telescopic deformation and folding deformation, and is provided with a spiral material guiding device to guide the coal materials accumulated on both sides to the middle, comprising:
a main blade;
the star wheel auxiliary material guide device is positioned in the middle part above the main shovel plate and is driven by a hydraulic motor;
the two telescopic shovel plates are symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the main shovel plate, and each telescopic shovel plate is connected with the main shovel plate through a telescopic oil cylinder, so that the translation from the inner side of the main shovel plate to the outer side of the two sides of the main shovel plate can be realized;
the folding plate is connected to the outer side of the telescopic shovel plate through a hinge lug;
the spiral material guiding device is arranged on the folding plate and comprises a spiral material guiding rod, one end of the spiral material guiding rod is connected with the folding plate through a motor mounting seat, and the other end of the spiral material guiding rod is connected with the folding plate through a bearing mounting seat.
6. The anchor advancing-type rapid tunneling and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the supporting portion comprises a front support and a rear support, a fixed end of the front support is hinged to the outside of the traveling portion, a free end of the front support extends forward and is located below the full-face carry-scraper, and the free end of the front support is in contact with the ground;
the rear support is connected to the rear of the main frame through a flange, and a support is installed at the bottom of the rear support and is in contact with the ground.
7. The working method of the anchor advancing type rapid tunneling and supporting device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing auxiliary materials used in the construction process of the anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device on site, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise steel belts, anchor nets and anchor rods, and the anchor nets are firstly arranged into a required state and placed in an anchor net mounting frame;
s2, checking each key part of the unit and starting the equipment to drive the walking part to a proper position;
s3, the first supporting upright post of the advance supporting part acts, the first top beam of the main supporting part rises and supports the circulating steel beam, so that the circulating steel beam is supported to the top plate of the roadway, meanwhile, the lateral swinging support rod oil cylinder is driven, so that the upright post of the swinging support rod is positioned at a proper position, then the side supporting part is driven to support the side wall of the roadway, the second supporting upright post is operated to ascend and descend to a proper height, the top plate is not supported, the work of the cutting part is not interfered, and the auxiliary supporting does not work in the cutting process;
s4, driving the full-section shoveling and transporting part to adapt to the width change of the roadway through telescopic deformation and folding deformation, and starting a shoveling and transporting system;
s5, starting the cutting part, driving the cutting part forwards by the walking part to send the cutting part into the front coal wall for the first time, and then driving the front support and the rear support to be supported to the roadway floor by proper force;
s6, the cutting part swings up and down, left and right to complete the section cutting work required by construction, and differential compensation cutting is realized by sliding the sliding rotary part back and forth and stretching the stretching cutting part, so that the section is flat and reaches the size meeting the design requirement, and the position relation between the walking part and the ground in the cutting process is kept as stable as possible;
s7, in the process of the step S5, the H-shaped anchoring support frame (12) acts on the ground and the top plate through the telescopic support legs, the anchor rod drilling machine is lifted away from the heading machine, and a plurality of top anchor rod drilling machines and side anchor rod drilling machines on the anchor rod drilling machine set act simultaneously to perform anchoring operation;
s8, after the step S6 and the step S7 are completed, the second supporting upright column rises to enable the second flexible longitudinal beam to be supported to the bottom of the circulating steel beam, the swing oil cylinder of the folding ground supporting upright column acts to enable the folding ground supporting upright column to be vertically downward, the vertical oil cylinder extends out to be contacted with the ground, the first supporting upright column descends to enable the last circulating steel beam under the first flexible longitudinal beam to be away from the bottom of the circulating steel beam supported at the front part for a certain distance, then the main support pushing oil cylinder is driven to enable the main support base to drive the main support to move forwards for a step distance, the first supporting upright column is lifted immediately to enable the first flexible longitudinal beam to be supported to the bottom of the circulating steel beam, and the steel beam loading action is completed in the process, and the side support is always in a pressure support state in the process;
s9, lowering the second supporting upright post, and withdrawing the folding ground supporting upright post to enable the second flexible longitudinal beam to be away from the bottom of the circulating steel beam for a certain distance, wherein the auxiliary support does not work in the cutting process, and once special conditions occur in the cutting process, the top plate needs to be participated in the work by the auxiliary support group;
a vibration isolator is additionally arranged at the joint of a second support upright post of the auxiliary support and the host machine to slow down the transmission of the vibration of the host machine to the top plate;
and S10, repeating the steps S5-S9 to realize continuous tunneling.
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| CN202111568537.4A CN114320417B (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Anchor forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device and working method thereof |
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| CN202111568537.4A CN114320417B (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | Anchor forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device and working method thereof |
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| CN114320417B (en) | 2024-09-13 |
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