CN114320417B - Anchor forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Anchor forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114320417B CN114320417B CN202111568537.4A CN202111568537A CN114320417B CN 114320417 B CN114320417 B CN 114320417B CN 202111568537 A CN202111568537 A CN 202111568537A CN 114320417 B CN114320417 B CN 114320417B
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device and a working method thereof, the device comprises a telescopic cutting part, a sliding rotating part, a main frame, a supporting part, an advance supporting part and an anchor rod drilling unit. The sliding rotating part is positioned above the main frame, and the one-time feeding of the walking part is realized by the combined actions of sliding and telescopic cutting, so that the standing machine can perform the plane forming; the supporting part is positioned in front of and behind the walking part, supports the ground during cutting, reduces the probability of the tail swing of the heading machine, and ensures the safe operation of the advanced supporting part and the jumbolter set; the advanced support part is positioned in front of the sliding rotation part and is used for stably protecting surrounding rocks of the temporary support area; the anchor rod drilling unit is positioned above the sliding rotary part. Compared with the existing combined machine set of digging, supporting and anchoring, the invention has the advantages that the anchoring part is closer to the cutting section, the ultra-short temporary support is provided, and the safety of the roadway is ensured while the parallel operation of digging, supporting and anchoring is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of rapid tunneling equipment for coal mine roadways, and particularly relates to an anchoring forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device.
Background
Most underground coal mine tunneling working surfaces have small space, multiple working procedures, multiple systems, complex conditions and easy breaking of surrounding rocks, so that the intelligent development of the tunneling surfaces is seriously behind the coal mining working surfaces, and the coal mining efficiency is greatly reduced.
Still some existing coal mine tunneling surfaces in China still adopt the traditional construction technology, namely, a single machine of a tunneling machine is used for operation, the machine is stopped after one working step is completed, workers carry anchoring equipment to the front of the tunneling machine, tasks such as net laying, net receiving, steel belt feeding, anchor rod beating, cartridge feeding and the like are completed, working conditions of the workers are dangerous, labor intensity is high, the construction technology of the tunneling machine is complex and slow, cutting and anchoring cannot be performed in parallel, the number of workers is large, and therefore the overall efficiency is low.
The coal mine is partially operated by an excavating and anchoring integrated machine, two or more anchor rod drilling machines are connected to a cutting arm of a heading machine, the cutting arm is stopped after one working step is completed, the anchor rod drilling machines are conveyed to a position to be anchored through a cantilever mechanism, and then tasks such as lapping, net connection, steel strip feeding, anchor rod beating, explosive cartridge feeding and the like are completed before workers go up.
The tunneling tunnel with good geological conditions and almost no broken top plate is constructed by adopting a continuous mining machine or a shield machine, and the two technologies have certain mechanization, integration and automation degrees, can realize the synchronization of tunneling and anchoring, reduce the labor intensity of workers and ensure the relative safety of the working environment, but are only suitable for coal mines with quite good conditions, and the tunnel shape is fixed, and most underground coal mines in China have complex geological conditions, small space, easy breaking of surrounding rocks and need to change the tunnel shape adaptively according to the geological conditions.
To realize intensive, personnel-reducing, quick, efficient and safe construction of the fully-mechanized coal mining working face, workers must be far away from the cutting face, the physical harm of dust production to the workers is reduced, and the workers are ensured to work under a safe top plate; the tunneling, the advanced support and the permanent anchoring are integrated, so that the equipment is integrated and controlled; the remote control and automatic cutting technology is adopted, a new model and new technology adaptation automatic cutting technology is developed, and cutting efficiency is improved; the tunneling and anchoring parallel operation is realized, and the tunneling efficiency is improved; and the geological conditions and requirements of the existing roadway are met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device and a working method, which are used for carrying out temporary advanced supporting at an ultra-short distance, centralizing a power station at the rear part of a machine body and remotely operating by a driver, so that the distance from anchoring to the front end face is shortened, the safety of a roadway is improved, in addition, in order to avoid the difficulty in remote operation caused by frequent movement of a walking part and the influence on the work of anchoring and advanced supporting, a three-stage feeding fixed-point cutting process is designed, and the primary drilling, fixed-point cutting and shaping of a tunneling machine are completed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an anchored forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device, comprising:
the walking part is connected with the main frame and used for driving the whole machine to move forward;
The telescopic cutting part is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the main frame through the sliding rotating part and is used for realizing cutting compensation;
the full-section shoveling part is positioned below the sliding rotary part to realize full-section coal collection;
The supporting part is positioned at the front end and the rear end of the track of the heading machine and used for stabilizing the machine body during cutting;
Further comprises:
The advanced support part is positioned in front of the sliding rotation part and is used for temporarily supporting the newly cut roadway top plate and the newly cut roadway side wall, the advanced support part comprises two groups of supports which can be alternately supported and translated, namely a main support and an auxiliary support respectively,
The main support is located full section shovel fortune portion both sides includes:
two bases symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the full-section shovel conveying part are connected with each base:
The bottom of the first supporting upright post is fixedly connected with the base, and the outer side of the first supporting upright post is connected with a side support;
the first top beam stretches over the two first supporting upright posts, and a first flexible longitudinal beam is hinged above the first top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
The lateral swinging support rod is positioned in front of the first support upright post, the bottom of the lateral swinging support rod is hinged in front of the base through a first horizontal rod piece, and the upper part of the lateral swinging support rod is hinged in front of the top beam through a second horizontal rod piece;
the main support pushing guide rod is positioned behind the base and is connected with the walking part through the sliding sleeve;
One end of the main support pushing cylinder is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the sliding sleeve;
the auxiliary stay is located walking portion top, includes:
the bottom of the second supporting upright post is fixedly arranged above the walking part;
The second top beam stretches over the two second support columns, and a second flexible longitudinal beam is hinged above the second top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
The folding ground supporting column is positioned in front of the second supporting column, the upper part of the folding ground supporting column is connected with the second top beam through a swinging oil cylinder, and the lower part of the folding ground supporting column is contacted with the ground through a vertical oil cylinder;
and a plurality of circulating steel beams are arranged above the first flexible longitudinal beam and the second flexible longitudinal beam.
And a vibration isolator is additionally arranged at the joint of the second support upright post of the auxiliary support and the main machine.
The upper part of the sliding rotary part is provided with an anchor rod drilling unit, the anchor rod drilling unit is arranged behind the rotary table, the sliding rotary part further comprises an H-shaped anchoring support frame, and the upper end and the lower end of the H-shaped anchoring support frame are symmetrically provided with telescopic support legs;
Before the cutting of the heading machine, the H-shaped anchoring support frame acts on the ground and the top plate through telescopic support legs, and the anchor rod drilling machine is lifted away from the heading machine to independently perform anchoring operation;
when the heading machine advances, the telescopic supporting legs of the H-shaped anchoring supporting frame retract to enable the H-shaped anchoring supporting frame to fall into the conical mounting groove of the main machine, and the main machine carries the jumbolter group to advance.
The slip turning part includes:
the rotary table is connected with the sliding frame through a slewing bearing and is positioned in front of the upper part of the sliding frame; the sliding frame is connected with the sliding support in a guiding way through bolts at two sides of the lower part;
one end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the sliding frame through a hinge lug, and the other end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the main frame through a hinge lug.
Full section shovel fortune portion is through flexible deformation and folding deformation adaptation tunnel width change, installs spiral guider simultaneously, with the accumulational coal material direction centre in both sides, includes:
A main blade;
The star wheel auxiliary guide device is positioned at the middle part above the main shovel plate and is driven by a hydraulic motor;
The two telescopic shovel plates are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the main shovel plate, and each telescopic shovel plate is connected with the main shovel plate through a telescopic oil cylinder, so that the translation from the inner side of the main shovel plate to the outer sides of the two sides of the main shovel plate can be realized;
the folding plate is connected to the outer side of the telescopic shovel plate through a hinge lug;
the spiral guide device is arranged on the folding plate and comprises a spiral guide rod, one end of the spiral guide rod is connected with the folding plate through a motor mounting seat, and the other end of the spiral guide rod is connected with the folding plate through a bearing mounting seat.
The supporting part comprises a front support and a rear support, the fixed end of the front support is hinged with the outer side of the walking part, the free end extends forwards and is positioned below the full-section shovel conveying part, and the free end is in contact with the ground;
the rear support is connected to the rear of the main frame through a flange, and a support is installed at the bottom of the rear support and is contacted with the ground.
The invention further discloses a working method of the anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device, which comprises the following steps:
S1, preparing auxiliary materials used in the construction process of an anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device on site, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise steel belts, anchor nets and anchor rods, and firstly, arranging the anchor nets into a required state and placing the anchor nets in an anchor net mounting frame;
s2, checking each key part of the unit, and starting equipment to enable the walking part to travel to a proper position;
S3, a first supporting upright post of the advanced supporting part acts, a first top beam of the main supporting part rises and supports the circulating steel beam, so that the circulating steel beam is supported to a roadway top plate, meanwhile, an oil cylinder of a lateral swinging supporting rod is driven, an upright post of the swinging supporting rod is positioned at a proper position, then, the lateral supporting is driven to be supported to a roadway side wall, a second supporting upright post is operated to rise and fall to a proper height, the top plate is not supported, the cutting part is not interfered to work, and the auxiliary supporting is not operated in the cutting process;
s4, driving the full-section shoveling part to adapt to the roadway width change through telescopic deformation and folding deformation, and starting a shoveling system;
S5, starting the cutting part, and driving the cutting part forwards by the walking part to send the cutting part into the front coal wall for the first time, and then driving the front support and the rear support to the roadway bottom plate with proper force;
s6, the cutting part swings up and down, left and right to complete the section cutting work required by construction, and differential cutting is realized through the forward and backward sliding of the sliding rotary part and the expansion of the telescopic cutting part, so that the section is smooth and reaches the size meeting the design requirement, and the position relationship between the walking part and the ground in the cutting process is kept stable as much as possible;
s7, in the process of carrying out the step S5, the H-shaped anchoring support frame (12) acts on the ground and the top plate through telescopic support legs, the jumbolter is lifted away from the heading machine, and a plurality of roof jumbolters and side jumbolters on the anchor drill unit act simultaneously to carry out anchoring operation;
S8, after the step S6 and the step S7 are completed, the second support upright post is lifted to enable the second flexible longitudinal beam to be supported to the bottom of the circulating steel beam, the swinging oil cylinder of the folding ground support upright post acts to enable the folding ground support upright post to vertically downwards extend out of the vertical oil cylinder to be in contact with the ground, the first support upright post is lowered to enable the first flexible longitudinal beam to take the last circulating steel beam and to be away from the bottom of the circulating steel beam with the supported front part for a certain distance, then the main support pushing oil cylinder is driven to enable the main support base to drive the main support to move forwards for a step distance, then the first support upright post is lifted immediately, the first flexible longitudinal beam is enabled to be supported to the bottom of the circulating steel beam, the steel beam loading action is completed in the process, and the side support is always in a support state with pressure in the process;
S9, lowering the second support upright post, and retracting the folding ground upright post, so that the second flexible longitudinal beam leaves the bottom of the circulating steel beam for a certain distance, the auxiliary support does not work in the cutting process, and once a special condition occurs in cutting, the top plate needs to assist the support group to participate in working;
a vibration isolator is additionally arranged at the joint of the second support upright post of the auxiliary support and the main machine so as to slow down the vibration of the main machine from being transmitted to the top plate;
s10, repeating the step S5 to the step S9 to realize continuous tunneling.
Compared with the existing roadway rapid tunneling equipment, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
Firstly, the pre-supporting is adopted to protect the non-anchored top plate, and the worker anchoring construction point is moved to the rear of the pre-supporting, so that the worker is far away from the cutting surface, the harm of dust production to the worker is reduced, and the pre-supporting can ensure that the worker works under the safe top plate; because the top plate of the advance support protection is not anchored, the advance support area is always in a support protection state, so that the advance support capable of alternately supporting and translating is designed, namely, two groups of support frames are arranged, one group of the advance support frames are connected with a main body, the other group of the advance support frames are driven by the main body to walk on the ground, the advance support is designed to have a steel beam (6) circulating paving function, and a steel beam paving mechanism and a steel beam structural form are shown in the same family of patents CN201910870500.3, CN201910675379.9 and CN 20201111551648. X.
Secondly, in order to ensure the quality and safety of the top plate, the advance support area is shortened as much as possible, and because the number of the bolts in a single row is enough, the area of the swing working space of the cutting part cannot be provided with a plurality of roof bolters, and therefore, the position for arranging the roof bolter unit is arranged behind the turning point.
And thirdly, because the space for the front part of the lower upright post for the advanced support is extremely limited due to the swing of the cutting arm, the upright post between the cutting section and the swing rotary point of the cutting arm cannot interfere with the normal work of the shovel plate part, the front upright post of the main support is designed into a lateral swing structure, the front end of the auxiliary support is designed into a foldable ground supporting post, and when the main support group advances, the foldable ground supporting post of the auxiliary support is required to swing from above to be supported to the front of the shovel plate, thereby providing effective supporting force for the top plate.
The scheme of the invention abandons the process that the traditional heading machine finishes the section cutting by frequently adjusting the pose by the walking part, designs a first-stage feeding cutting platform above the crawler belt and uses the telescopic cutting part to ensure that the heading machine cuts under the condition of stabilizing the machine, thereby improving the cutting efficiency, avoiding the frequent adjustment of the pose by the heading machine, reducing the damage to the repeated rolling of the ground and providing basic guarantee for the application of the automatic cutting technology of the heading machine.
The invention also provides a solution for vibration isolation of the tunnel roof, because the auxiliary support is connected to the main machine, and the main machine vibrates more in the cutting process, in order to transfer the cutting vibration to the tunnel roof through the support upright post to crush and separate the roof, the invention adds a vibration isolator at the joint of the upright post of the auxiliary support and the main machine, and simultaneously, in order to avoid the cutting vibration interfering with the construction of the anchoring unit to damage the roof, an H-shaped anchoring support frame is designed, when the heading machine cuts, the frame support legs act on the ground and the roof, the whole anchoring group is lifted away from the heading machine to independently perform anchoring operation, when the heading machine advances, the frame support legs retract to enable the frame to stably fall in the main machine conical mounting groove, and the main machine carries the anchoring group to advance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an anchor forward type rapid heading machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the whole structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a flexible stringer and header connection of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the main support structure of the installation side support of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a main support structure without side supports according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic front view of a side support mounting structure of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an auxiliary support structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the present invention's anchor drilling rig and heading machine;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an anchor drilling rig according to the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the sliding cutting part and the connection structure with the main frame of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a full section blade structure of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a first header of the present invention;
Fig. 13 is a second header of the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the operation of the structure of the anchor forward type rapid heading machine of the present invention;
Wherein 1 is a walking part; 2 is a main frame; 3 is a telescopic cutting part; 4 is a sliding turning part; 5 is a full section shovel; 6 is a front support part; 7 is a rear supporting part; 8 is a main support; 9 is auxiliary support; 10 is a base; 11 is a first support column; 12 is a side support; 13 is a first top beam; 14 is a first flexible stringer; 15 is a lateral swinging support rod; reference numeral 16 denotes a first horizontal bar; 17 is a second horizontal bar; 18 is a main support pushing guide rod; 19 is a sliding sleeve; 20 is a main support pushing cylinder; 21 is a second support column; 22 is a second header; 23 is a second flexible stringer; 24 is a folding ground supporting column; 25 is a swinging oil cylinder; 26 is a vertical cylinder; 27 is a circulating steel beam; 28 is a vibration isolator; 29 is an anchor rod drilling unit; 30 is an H-shaped anchoring support frame; 31 is a telescopic support leg; 32 is a conical mounting groove; 33 is a turntable; 34 is a slewing bearing; 35 is a slip frame; 36 is a sliding support guide; 37 is a slip driving cylinder; 38 is the main blade; 39 is a star wheel auxiliary guide device; 40 is a first telescoping blade; 41 is a second telescoping blade; 42 is a telescopic cylinder; 43 is a folding plate; 44 is a spiral guide rod; 45 is a motor mounting seat; 46 is a bearing mount; 140 is a first flexible stringer segment one; 141 is a first flexible center stringer segment two; 142 is the first flexible center stringer segment three; 230 is a second flexible stringer segment one; 231 is a second flexible stringer segment two; 232 is a third flexible stringer segment three; 47 is an oil cylinder; 48 is a temporary advance support area; 49 is an anchor net; and 50 is a permanent anchor.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and attached drawings.
An anchoring advancing type rapid tunneling and supporting device as shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, comprising:
the walking part 1 is connected with the main frame 2 and is used for driving the whole machine to move forward;
The telescopic cutting part 3 is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the main frame through the sliding rotary part 4 and is used for realizing cutting compensation;
The full-section shoveling part 5 is positioned below the sliding rotary part, adapts to the roadway width change through telescopic deformation and folding deformation, realizes full-section coal collection, and is provided with a spiral material guide device to guide coal materials piled on two sides to the middle;
The supporting part is positioned at the front end and the rear end of the track of the heading machine and used for stabilizing the machine body during cutting;
The advance support part is positioned in front of the sliding rotation part and is used for temporarily supporting the newly cut roadway top plate and the newly cut roadway side wall, the advance support part comprises two groups of supports which can be alternately supported and translated, namely a main support 8 and an auxiliary support 9, wherein,
As shown in fig. 3,4 and 5, the main support 8 is located at two sides of the full-face shovel, and includes:
two bases 10 symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the full-section shovel conveying part are connected with each base:
The bottom of the first supporting upright 11 is fixedly connected with the base, and the outer side of the first supporting upright is connected with a side support 12;
the first top beam 13 spans over the two first support columns, and a first flexible longitudinal beam 14 is hinged above the first top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
the lateral swinging support rod 15 is positioned in front of the first support upright, the bottom of the lateral swinging support rod is hinged in front of the base through a first horizontal rod piece 16, and the upper part of the lateral swinging support rod is hinged in front of the top beam through a second horizontal rod piece 17;
The main support pushing guide rod 18 is positioned behind the base and is connected with the walking part through the sliding sleeve 19;
one end of the main support pushing cylinder 20 is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the sliding sleeve;
as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the auxiliary support 9 is located above the walking part, and includes:
The bottom of the second supporting upright post 21 is fixedly arranged above the walking part;
The second top beam 22 spans over the two second support columns, and a second flexible longitudinal beam 23 is hinged above the second top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
The folding ground supporting column 24 is positioned in front of the second supporting column, the upper part of the folding ground supporting column is connected with the second top beam through a swinging oil cylinder 25, and the lower part of the folding ground supporting column is contacted with the ground through a vertical oil cylinder 26;
as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of circulating steel beams 27 are arranged above the first flexible longitudinal beam and the second flexible longitudinal beam.
As shown in fig. 2, vibration isolators 28 are added at the connection of the second support upright post of the auxiliary support and the main machine.
As shown in fig. 8, an anchor drill unit 29 is disposed above the sliding rotary part 4, and the anchor drill unit is disposed behind the rotary table.
As shown in fig. 9, the roof bolt unit further includes an H-shaped anchoring support frame 30, and telescopic support legs 31 are symmetrically arranged at the upper and lower ends of the H-shaped anchoring support frame;
Before the cutting of the heading machine, the H-shaped anchoring support frame acts on the ground and the top plate through telescopic support legs, and the anchor rod drilling machine is lifted away from the heading machine to independently perform anchoring operation;
When the heading machine advances, the telescopic support legs of the H-shaped anchoring support frame retract so that the H-shaped anchoring support frame stably falls into the conical mounting groove 32 of the main machine, and the main machine carries the jumbolter group to advance.
As shown in fig. 1 and 10, the slip turning part 4 includes:
The rotary table 33 is connected with the sliding frame 35 through a rotary support 34 and is positioned in front of the upper part of the sliding frame; the sliding frame is connected with the sliding support guide 36 through bolts at two sides of the lower part;
One end of the sliding driving oil cylinder 37 is connected with the sliding frame through a hinge lug, and the other end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the main frame 2 through a hinge lug.
As shown in fig. 11, the full-section shovel 5 adapts to the roadway width change through expansion deformation and folding deformation, realizes full-section coal collection, and is provided with a spiral material guiding device to guide the coal materials stacked on two sides to the middle, and comprises:
Main blade 38;
The star wheel auxiliary guide device 39 is positioned at the middle part above the main shovel plate and is driven by a hydraulic motor;
The two telescopic shovel plates are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the main shovel plate, and each telescopic shovel plate is connected with the main shovel plate through a telescopic oil cylinder 42, so that the translation from the inner side of the main shovel plate to the outer sides of the two sides of the main shovel plate can be realized;
a folding plate 43 connected to the outer side of the telescopic shovel plate through a hinge lug;
the spiral guide device is arranged on the folding plate and comprises a spiral guide rod 44, one end of the spiral guide rod is connected with the folding plate through a motor mounting seat 45, and the other end of the spiral guide rod is connected with the folding plate through a bearing mounting seat 46.
As shown in fig. 1, the supporting part comprises a front supporting part 6 and a rear supporting part 7, the fixed end of the front supporting part is hinged with the outer side of the walking part, the free end extends forwards and is positioned below the full-section shovel conveying part, and the free end is contacted with the ground;
the rear support is connected to the rear of the main frame through a flange, and a support is installed at the bottom of the rear support and is contacted with the ground.
Compared with the existing roadway rapid tunneling equipment, the invention has the following technical characteristics:
The invention adopts the traditional rocker arm cutting part, can adapt to various cross sections with changeable sizes and shapes and complex top-bottom plate coal rock structures, and is suitable for tunneling work of most coal roadways in China;
the pre-supporting is adopted to protect an unanchored top plate, and a worker anchoring construction point is moved to the rear of the pre-supporting, so that the worker is far away from a cutting surface, the harm of dust production to the body of the worker is reduced, and the pre-supporting can ensure that the worker works under the safe top plate;
Secondly, because the top plate of the advance support protection is not anchored, the advance support area is always in a support protection state, so that the advance support capable of being alternately supported and translated is designed, namely, two groups of support frames are arranged, one group of support frames are connected with a main machine body, the other group of support frames are driven by the main machine body to walk on the ground, the advance support is designed to have a steel beam circulating paving function, and a steel beam paving mechanism and a steel beam structural form are shown in the same family of patents CN201910870500.3, CN201910675379.9 and CN 20201111551648;
Thirdly, in order to ensure the quality and safety of the top plate, the advance support area is shortened as much as possible, and as the number of the bolts in a single row is enough, a plurality of roof bolters cannot be arranged in the area of the swinging working space of the cutting part, so that the position for arranging the roof bolter units is arranged behind the rotary table;
Fourthly, because the space of the front upright post for the advanced support is extremely limited due to the swing of the cutting arm, the upright post between the cutting section and the swing rotary point of the cutting arm cannot interfere with the normal work of the shovel plate part, the front upright post of the main support is designed into a lateral swing structure, the front upright post of the auxiliary support is designed into a foldable and retractable structure, and when the main support group advances, the front upright post leg of the auxiliary support needs to swing from above to be supported in front of the shovel plate, thereby providing effective supporting force for the top plate;
The scheme of the invention abandons the process that the traditional heading machine finishes the section cutting by frequently adjusting the pose by the walking part, designs a first-stage feeding cutting platform above the crawler belt and uses the telescopic cutting part to ensure that the heading machine cuts under the condition of stabilizing the machine, thereby improving the cutting efficiency, avoiding the frequent adjustment of the pose by the heading machine, reducing the damage to the repeated rolling of the ground and providing basic guarantee for the application of the automatic cutting technology of the heading machine.
The invention also provides a solution for vibration isolation of the tunnel roof, because the auxiliary support is connected to the main machine, and the main machine vibrates more in the cutting process, in order to transfer the cutting vibration to the tunnel roof through the support upright post to crush and separate the roof, the invention adds a vibration isolator at the joint of the upright post of the auxiliary support and the main machine, and simultaneously, in order to avoid the cutting vibration interfering with the construction of the anchoring unit to damage the roof, an H-shaped anchoring support frame is designed, when the heading machine cuts, the frame support legs act on the ground and the roof, the whole anchoring group is lifted away from the heading machine to independently perform anchoring operation, when the heading machine advances, the frame support legs retract to enable the frame to stably fall in the main machine conical mounting groove, and the main machine carries the anchoring group to advance.
The specific implementation steps are as follows:
Step 1, firstly running, arranging a heading machine row at a position away from a section, and laterally swinging a support rod oil cylinder to outwards expand to adapt to the width of a shovel plate;
Step 2, lifting up the upright post cylinder of the main support, so that the longitudinal beam drives the steel beam to support to the roof coal rock, and the side support extends out to support to the side wall coal rock, and the auxiliary support does not act at the moment;
step 3, a motor of the walking part acts to push the heading machine to move forwards, so that the cutting head drills into the coal wall;
Step 4, the sliding feed oil cylinder and the telescopic cutting part act in a linkage way to finish section cutting and contour trimming;
In the process of the step 3 to the step 4, the supporting legs of the frame extend out and are supported to the top plate and the bottom plate, the upper supporting legs and the lower supporting legs continue to act in a linkage mode, the frame body is enabled to leave the mounting groove upwards, and then a worker starts anchoring work;
step 5, after cutting is completed, the feeding mechanism is sequentially retracted, the H-shaped anchoring supporting frame is retracted until the H-shaped anchoring supporting frame completely returns to the mounting groove, the folding upright post of the auxiliary support swings downwards to be supported on the ground, and the upright post oil cylinder of the auxiliary support is lifted to enable the longitudinal beam of the upright post to reach a supporting state;
Step 6, the main support upright post cylinder descends and is separated from the supporting state, the main support pushing cylinder acts to push the main support forwards, if the roadway width changes in the period, the angle of the lateral swinging support rod cylinder and the angle of the lateral support are correspondingly changed, the lateral support is always in the supporting state with pressure in the period, then the main support upright post cylinder is lifted, and the main support upright post cylinder returns to the supporting state to assist in supporting the support to leave the supporting state;
Step 7, finishing the actions of the upper steel beam described by the patents CN201910870500.3, CN201910675379.9 and CN 20201551648. X in the steps 5-6;
And (3) repeating the steps 3-7 to finish continuous and rapid tunneling of the tunnel.
Note that: the working contents of front and rear support, shovel plate, first-motion, second-motion, spraying, ventilation and the like in the cutting process of the heading machine are common mature technologies, are not described in detail herein, and do not represent that the technical scheme does not have the functions.
Claims (4)
1. The working method of the anchor forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device is based on the anchor forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device, and the device comprises the following steps:
the walking part is connected with the main frame and used for driving the whole machine to move forward;
The telescopic cutting part is arranged at the front end of the upper part of the main frame through the sliding rotating part and is used for realizing cutting compensation;
the full-section shoveling part is positioned below the sliding rotary part to realize full-section coal collection;
The supporting part is positioned at the front end and the rear end of the track of the heading machine and used for stabilizing the machine body during cutting;
Further comprises:
The advanced support part is positioned in front of the sliding rotation part and is used for temporarily supporting the newly cut roadway top plate and the newly cut roadway side wall, the advanced support part comprises two groups of supports which can be alternately supported and translated, namely a main support and an auxiliary support respectively,
The main support is located full section shovel fortune portion both sides includes:
two bases symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the full-section shovel conveying part are connected with each base:
The bottom of the first supporting upright post is fixedly connected with the base, and the outer side of the first supporting upright post is connected with a side support;
the first top beam stretches over the two first supporting upright posts, and a first flexible longitudinal beam is hinged above the first top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
The lateral swinging support rod is positioned in front of the first support upright post, the bottom of the lateral swinging support rod is hinged in front of the base through a first horizontal rod piece, and the upper part of the lateral swinging support rod is hinged in front of the top beam through a second horizontal rod piece;
the main support pushing guide rod is positioned behind the base and is connected with the walking part through the sliding sleeve;
One end of the main support pushing cylinder is connected to the base, and the other end is connected to the sliding sleeve;
the auxiliary stay is located walking portion top, includes:
the bottom of the second supporting upright post is fixedly arranged above the walking part;
The second top beam stretches over the two second support columns, and a second flexible longitudinal beam is hinged above the second top beam through a plurality of pin shafts;
The folding ground supporting column is positioned in front of the second supporting column, the upper part of the folding ground supporting column is connected with the second top beam through a swinging oil cylinder, and the lower part of the folding ground supporting column is contacted with the ground through a vertical oil cylinder;
A plurality of circulating steel beams are arranged above the first flexible longitudinal beam and the second flexible longitudinal beam;
the upper part of the sliding rotary part is provided with an anchor rod drilling unit, the position of the anchor rod drilling unit is arranged behind the rotary table, the anchor rod drilling unit further comprises an H-shaped anchoring support frame, and telescopic support legs are symmetrically arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the H-shaped anchoring support frame;
Before the cutting of the heading machine, the H-shaped anchoring support frame acts on the ground and the top plate through telescopic support legs, and the anchor rod drilling machine is lifted away from the heading machine to independently perform anchoring operation;
When the heading machine advances, the telescopic supporting legs of the H-shaped anchoring supporting frame retract to enable the H-shaped anchoring supporting frame to fall into the conical mounting groove of the main machine, and the main machine carries the jumbolter group to advance;
the supporting part comprises a front support and a rear support, the fixed end of the front support is hinged with the outer side of the walking part, the free end extends forwards and is positioned below the full-section shovel conveying part, and the free end is in contact with the ground;
the rear support is connected to the rear of the main frame through a flange, and a support is arranged at the bottom of the rear support and is contacted with the ground;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1, preparing auxiliary materials used in the construction process of an anchoring forward-moving type rapid tunneling and supporting device on site, wherein the auxiliary materials comprise steel belts, anchor nets and anchor rods, and firstly, arranging the anchor nets into a required state and placing the anchor nets in an anchor net mounting frame;
s2, checking each key part of the unit, and starting equipment to enable the walking part to travel to a proper position;
S3, a first supporting upright post of the advanced supporting part acts, a first top beam of the main supporting part rises and supports the circulating steel beam, so that the circulating steel beam is supported to a roadway top plate, meanwhile, an oil cylinder of a lateral swinging supporting rod is driven, an upright post of the swinging supporting rod is positioned at a proper position, then, the lateral supporting is driven to be supported to a roadway side wall, a second supporting upright post is operated to rise and fall to a proper height, the top plate is not supported, the cutting part is not interfered to work, and the auxiliary supporting is not operated in the cutting process;
s4, driving the full-section shoveling part to adapt to the roadway width change through telescopic deformation and folding deformation, and starting a shoveling system;
S5, starting the cutting part, and driving the cutting part forwards by the walking part to send the cutting part into the front coal wall for the first time, and then driving the front support and the rear support to the roadway bottom plate with proper force;
s6, the cutting part swings up and down, left and right to complete the section cutting work required by construction, and differential cutting is realized through the forward and backward sliding of the sliding rotary part and the expansion of the telescopic cutting part, so that the section is smooth and reaches the size meeting the design requirement, and the position relationship between the walking part and the ground in the cutting process is kept stable as much as possible;
s7, in the process of carrying out the step S5, the H-shaped anchoring support frame (12) acts on the ground and the top plate through telescopic support legs, the jumbolter is lifted away from the heading machine, and a plurality of roof jumbolters and side jumbolters on the anchor drill unit act simultaneously to carry out anchoring operation;
S8, after the step S6 and the step S7 are completed, the second support upright post is lifted to enable the second flexible longitudinal beam to be supported to the bottom of the circulating steel beam, the swinging oil cylinder of the folding ground support upright post acts to enable the folding ground support upright post to vertically downwards extend out of the vertical oil cylinder to be in contact with the ground, the first support upright post is lowered to enable the first flexible longitudinal beam to take the last circulating steel beam and to be away from the bottom of the circulating steel beam with the supported front part for a certain distance, then the main support pushing oil cylinder is driven to enable the main support base to drive the main support to move forwards for a step distance, then the first support upright post is lifted immediately, the first flexible longitudinal beam is enabled to be supported to the bottom of the circulating steel beam, the steel beam loading action is completed in the process, and the side support is always in a support state with pressure in the process;
S9, lowering the second support upright post, and retracting the folding ground upright post, so that the second flexible longitudinal beam leaves the bottom of the circulating steel beam for a certain distance, the auxiliary support does not work in the cutting process, and once a special condition occurs in cutting, the top plate needs to assist the support group to participate in working;
a vibration isolator is additionally arranged at the joint of the second support upright post of the auxiliary support and the main machine so as to slow down the vibration of the main machine from being transmitted to the top plate;
s10, repeating the step S5 to the step S9 to realize continuous tunneling.
2. The working method of the anchoring forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein a vibration isolator is additionally arranged at the joint of the second supporting upright post of the auxiliary support and the main machine.
3. The method of operating an anchor advancing type rapid heading and support device according to claim 1, wherein the slip swivel comprises:
the rotary table is connected with the sliding frame through a slewing bearing and is positioned in front of the upper part of the sliding frame; the sliding frame is connected with the sliding support in a guiding way through bolts at two sides of the lower part;
one end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the sliding frame through a hinge lug, and the other end of the sliding driving oil cylinder is connected with the main frame through a hinge lug.
4. The method for operating the anchor forward type rapid tunneling and supporting device according to claim 1, wherein the full-section shovel adapts to the roadway width change through telescopic deformation and folding deformation, and simultaneously, a spiral guiding device is installed to guide coal accumulated on two sides to the middle, and the method comprises the following steps:
A main blade;
The star wheel auxiliary guide device is positioned at the middle part above the main shovel plate and is driven by a hydraulic motor;
The two telescopic shovel plates are symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the main shovel plate, and each telescopic shovel plate is connected with the main shovel plate through a telescopic oil cylinder, so that the translation from the inner side of the main shovel plate to the outer sides of the two sides of the main shovel plate can be realized;
the folding plate is connected to the outer side of the telescopic shovel plate through a hinge lug;
the spiral guide device is arranged on the folding plate and comprises a spiral guide rod, one end of the spiral guide rod is connected with the folding plate through a motor mounting seat, and the other end of the spiral guide rod is connected with the folding plate through a bearing mounting seat.
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| CN116291655B (en) * | 2023-05-22 | 2023-08-04 | 山西中煤东坡煤业有限公司 | Coal mine roadway supporting equipment |
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| CN110306999A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-08 | 牛一村 | Gantry type heading and anchoring integrated machine and its pick anchor construction method |
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| CN104500086B (en) * | 2015-01-15 | 2017-01-18 | 山西大同大学 | Unmanned roadway driving and anchoring all-in-one machine |
| CN107313775A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-11-03 | 闫琳 | A kind of pair of cutting units coal road quick digging and anchoring machine |
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