RU2337302C1 - Training stand for shooting learning - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: training simulator.

SUBSTANCE: stand contains made at scales simulation systems of artillery range with targets usage and also control tools for these objects. Additionally it is outfitted by facilities for appearing and moving targets, light and audio simulators, fire control desk, engineering tools and target situation control desk, connected to switching boxes and switching block. At that on each engineering tool there are installed motors for shooting device control, implemented as laser emitter, by coordinates "Azimuth" and "Range", interlocked to synchro-transmitter, located inside of tool, which are electrically connected to synchro-receiver, installed on fire control desk, implemented with ability of displacement of lamp with crystalline crosshair by appropriate coordinates "Azimuth" and "Range". Facility for appearing targets is implemented in the form of closed in metal body electromagnet with lever, affecting to axes, connected to target. Facility for moving targets is implemented with ability of movement simulation of technique and infantry.

EFFECT: training improving.

3 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to training tools for personnel of ground artillery units and is intended to create and control the target situation in enclosed spaces during artillery shooting exercises using simulation tools.

When conducting patent research, no analogues were found, except for the identified prototype.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is a miniature training ground containing scale-based simulation systems of an artillery training range in the form of target equipment with installations for moving targets and equipment for controlling these assets (see USSR AS No. 68858, IPC ⁸ F41G 3/26, class 72e, 4, publ. BI No. 19, 1964).

The objective of the present invention is to automate the process of creating and controlling the target environment when training in shooting and fire control, as well as improving the quality of training.

The solution to the technical problem is achieved by the fact that in a well-known training stand for training in shooting, containing scale-based simulation systems of an artillery range in the form of target equipment with installations for moving targets and equipment for controlling these tools. The training stand is equipped with installations for emerging purposes, light and sound simulators, three fire control panels, three machines with firing devices installed on them and a common control panel connected via a switching unit to the junction boxes, with engines for controlling the firing device installed on each machine made in the form of a controlled laser along the coordinates of "Azimuth" and "Range", and the motors are kinematically connected with selsyn sensors, which are electrically Uniform with synchro-receivers mounted on consoles fire control to move through the lamp bulb spindles with a transparent cross-hair on corresponding coordinates "azimuth" and "Range".

Installation for emerging purposes is made in the form of an electromagnet enclosed in a metal casing with a lever mounted with the possibility of interaction with the axis associated with the target.

Installation for moving targets made with the ability to simulate the movement of equipment and infantry.

This training stand will allow you to automate the process of creating and managing the target situation when training in shooting and fire control, as well as improving the quality of training.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a diagram of the placement of goals and equipment of a training stand for shooting training; figure 2 - placement of machines with a target field; figure 3 - general control panel; figure 4 - fire control panel, top view; figure 5 - fire control panel top view, with the cover removed; Fig.6 machine; 7 is a device of an emerging target; in Fig.8 is a light simulator, in Fig.9 is an installation for moving targets.

The training booth for shooting training consists of a target field of training ground 1 with a terrain layout corresponding to training cards on a scale of 1: 500, installations for appearing targets 2, light simulators 3, installations for moving targets 4, which are connected through junction boxes 5 and a junction box 6 with a common remote control target environment 7 (see figure 1). In front of the target field of landfill 1, in the classrooms there are fire control panels 8, above which maps are installed at the intersection of kilometer lines of the grid, oriented in the main direction of the machine 9 in such a way as to provide instructional shooting when the landfill is overlapped, on a scale superimposed on the fire control panel 8 of the map (see figure 2).

On the front panel of the common control panel 7 (see Fig. 3), there is a power switch 10, switches 11 for selecting the appearing target 2 and, together with it, a light simulator 3, a light indicator for choosing the appearing target 12, switches for switching the direction 13 of moving targets 4, indicators 14 turning on the moving target settings 4, the toggle switch 15 turning on the sound simulation, the switching switch for the type of sound simulation “Artillery” - “Machine gun” 16, the switch “Shooting with a stopwatch” 17, the electronic timer 18, the start button of the relay 19, the thumb ep 20 supplying signal.

On the panel of the fire control panel 8 (see figure 4) there are artillery rulers with sector 21 in a scale of 1: 500 with a central bushing of sector 22 having a crosshair. In the center of the fire control panel 8 there is a cutout 23, which is closed by transparent glass, to illuminate the card from below. On the fire control panel 8 there is a power switch 24, a button 25 for controlling the firing range of the firing device of the machine 9, a button 26 for controlling the azimuth of the firing of the machine, button 27 "Shot" for controlling the firing device of the machine 9.

Moving the lamp lamp (see figure 5) with a transparent crosshair 28 within the cutout is carried out using a synchro-receiver 29 with a spindle 30 along the coordinate "Range", and along the coordinate "Azimuth" - a synchro-receiver with a lead screw 31. Selection backlash in the movement mechanisms is carried out using springs 32.

Bearings 34 are mounted on the support 33 of machine 9 (see FIG. 6), in which the pivot axis 35 is located with the stand 36 mounted on it. On the stand 36 there is a motor 37 for moving along the “Distance” coordinate, kinematically connected through a screw with a nut 38 with a selsyn sensor 39 using a coupling 40. The screw nut 41 mounted on the screw together with the stand 42 is pivotally connected to the platform 43, on which the firing device 44, made in the form of a laser emitter, is located. The movement of the travel nut 38 is limited in extreme positions by microswitches 45.

Moving the firing device 44 along the “Azimuth” coordinate occurs using a second electric motor (not shown in FIG. 6) connected through a screw to a selsyn-sensor 46. A second screw nut 47 mounted on the screw, with a roller 48 fixed to it, the hinges rotate about axis 35 and allow the firing device 44 to be moved along the Azimuth coordinate. The selection of backlash in the movement mechanisms is carried out using springs 49. On the machine 9 there is a toggle switch 50 for turning on the machine 9 and a lamp 51 for turning on the machine 9.

Installation for appearing purposes 2 (see Fig. 7) consists of a metal case 53, inside of which an electromagnet 54 is fixed with a lever 55 connected to an axis 56 on which the target 57 is attached.

The light simulator 3 (see Fig. 8) consists of a housing 58 on which a metal cap 59 is mounted. A transparent red column 60 protrudes from the cap above the surface of the target field 1, illuminated from below by an electric lamp 61. Electrical terminals 62 are used to supply power to the lamp .

Installation for moving targets 4 (see Fig. 9) consists of a master 63 and a slave 64 nodes, a tension device (not shown in Fig. 9) and a cable 65 with targets 66 mounted on it. The master assembly is a bracket 67, on which an electric motor 68 is mounted with a drive roller fixed to the shaft. The necessary tension of the cable stretched on the rollers is provided by a spring (not shown in Fig. 9).

At the extreme points of the movement, microswitches 69 are installed that turn off the electric motor when the targets 4 approach them.

The training stand for shooting training works as follows.

First, the training stand was prepared for work. For this, a set was installed in a room consisting of a target field 1 (see Figs. 1, 2), a training class above it, where the students were located, and rooms above the class, where machines with shooting devices 9 were installed.

The axis of the laser emitters of the firing devices 44 were in a vertical plane passing through certain coordinates of the target field 1 (see figure 2). In accordance with the tactical situation created on the target field 1, installations for the appearing targets 2 were placed together with light simulators 3.

Installations for moving targets 4 imitating equipment and / or infantry were fixed in predetermined places. Attached installations for appearing goals 2, light simulators 3 and installations for moving targets 4 to junction boxes 5. They connected electrical boxes to junction boxes 5, junction box 6 and the control panel for the target environment 7. In addition, in front of the field, for example, in three classrooms, three fire control panels 8. Fire control panels 8 were connected by electric cables to machines 9. A set of operational intercoms (not shown in the figures) was installed in accordance with tactical the problem solved by training.

A power toggle switch 10 was switched on on a common control panel for the target environment 7, and the “Power” 12 banner should light up. The target 57 was inserted into the axis 56 of the device of appearing targets 2 in accordance with the tactical training task.

The target situation on the training stand for shooting training was created using twelve devices of emerging targets 2, twelve light simulators 3 and two winches for setting moving targets 4.

The common control panel 7 provides a simultaneous display of up to three of any of the twelve appearing targets 2 and light simulators 3, as well as control of two settings of moving targets 4 and a shot sound simulator.

Near the appearing targets 2 were located light simulators 3, denoting artillery or machine gun fire of the enemy.

To raise the goal number 1 of the twelve any appearing goals set the switch 11 to position "1". They turned on the toggle switch 5 of sound simulation 15. Set switch 16 to the “Artillery” or “Machine gun” position on the common control panel 7. The corresponding target appeared, the light simulation turned on, and the necessary sound signals were supplied with a frequency corresponding to the position of the switch 16. Similar checks were performed for targets No. 2 and No. 3.

To enable the moving targets 4, the switches 13 were set in the direction of the arrow, which determines the direction of movement of the target.

The direction of the arrow at the switch should coincide with the direction of movement of the targets 66 and the direction of the arrow on the scoreboard 14.

Set the tumbler 10 "Power" (see figure 4) on the fire control panel 8 to the "On" position. Set angle “0” on sector 21, and the central bushing with a crosshair 22. Combined the crosshair of the light spot 27 (see FIG. 5) with the crosshair of the central bushing 22 (see FIG. 4), including the “Distance” 25 and “Azimuth” tumblers "26.

On machines with shooting devices 9 installed (see Fig.6) toggle switch 50 in the "on" position. The indication lamps 51 were turned on. The sighting of the machines 9 was oriented in the main direction (see FIG. 2).

The reference point for the breakdown of the target field and the digitization of the lines of the fire control panel 8 was the axis 35 (see Fig.6) of rotation of the machine 9.

The axis of rotation of 35 machines 9 was set in space using a level gauge installed on the platform of the machine 9 and its adjustment bolts (see Fig.6). The laser emitter 44 of the firing device was fixed on the racks of 42 machines 9. The buttons “Range” 25 and “Azimuth” 26 on the fire control panels 8 were turned on, the lamp of the lantern with a transparent crosshair 28 was moved to the center of the cutout 23. The laser emitter 44 moved along the stand 42 on all machines 9.

Clicked on the button "Shot" 27 (see figure 4) on the fire control panels 8. There was a light spot simulating a shot of a laser emitter 44 in the middle of the target field of landfill 1.

Fastened on the common control panel 7, the fire control device 8 (PUO-9M) (not shown in figure 3).

Shooting training began with the leader setting the task and explaining to the learner the rules of action by the mechanisms of the fire control panel 8, working with the map, finding the necessary goals and aiming order. During the artillery and rifle training, three students occupy jobs on the fire control panels 8. On the transparent cutout 23 (see Fig. 4) of each of the fire control panels 8 a training card is applied at a scale of 1: 500, corresponding to the situation created on the target a field with landmarks, targets and firing positions indicated on it. The head of classes with switches 11 sets from the common control panel 7 appearing goals No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 or moving targets 4 for each of the students on the fire control panels 8, then sets the switch 16, for example, to the "Artillery" position. At the same time, light 3 and sound signals are sent from the targets, corresponding to the firing of the division’s positions by enemy artillery. Using the fire control device 8, the head of the class determines the range settings to the goals and directions, and then sets them to the trainees to aim at the operational intercom.

The trainee establishes an angle commanded by the leader on sector 21 of the artillery line. Combines the range ordered by the leader with the coordinate of the firing position. To do this, move sector 21 with the carriage (not shown in Fig. 4) along the horizontal ruler, and the carriage along the left ruler until the central sleeve 22 coincides with the coordinates of the point at which the firing is being conducted.

Then the student at the fire control panel 8 combines the crosshair of the light spot of the indicator field 28 with the crosshair of the central hub 22 of the sector, using the switches "Range" 25 and "Azimuth" 26 and reports to the head of classes about the readiness for shooting. At the command of the head of classes "Fire", the student presses the button "Shot" 27. The head of classes observes the accuracy of hitting the target and evaluates the correctness of the actions of the students.

The shooting adjustment is carried out using a fire control device.

When shooting with a stopwatch to notch a target, the leader sets the "Shooting with a stopwatch" 17 switch to the "Serif" position and sets switch 16 "Target 3" to the neutral position, and switch 11 to the position of the selected target from "1" to "12 ".

Then it sets the necessary delay time of the sound on the time relay 18. The simulator is turned on by pressing the “Start Relay” button 19. The head of the simulator 4 flashes for 1-2 seconds at the target and the time relay 18 starts. At the end of the time relay 18 a click is heard in the speaker simulating the sound of a shot. Re-enable by pressing the "Start Relay" button 19.

In the "Shooting" mode, the head of the class sets switch 17 to the "Shooting" position. After turning the Shot button 27 on or off, the trainee on the fire control panel 8 automatically switches on the time delay relay 18 for the sound of a shell rupture.

Using the proposed training stand for shooting training will allow, in comparison with the prototype, to automate the process of creating and controlling the target situation of a small artillery range, guidance and training shooting of the artillery division, as well as improving the quality of training.

Claims (3)

1. A training stand for shooting training, containing scaled-out simulation systems of an artillery range in the form of target equipment with installations for moving targets and equipment for controlling these tools, characterized in that it is equipped with installations for appearing targets, light and sound simulators, three fire control panels, three machines with firing devices installed on them and a common control panel connected via a switching unit with junction boxes, p At the same time, engines are installed on each machine to control the firing device, made in the form of a controlled laser, according to the coordinates "Azimuth" and "Range", and the engines are kinematically connected with selsyn sensors, which are electrically connected to the selsyn receivers installed on the fire control panels to move a lantern lamp with a transparent crosshair using the lead screws in the corresponding Azimuth and Range coordinates. 2. The training stand according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation for emerging purposes is made in the form of a target and an electromagnet enclosed in a metal casing with a lever mounted to interact with an axis associated with the target. 3. The training stand for shooting training according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation for moving targets is configured to simulate the movement of equipment and infantry.

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