CN114446118B - Semi-physical total station teaching system - Google Patents
Semi-physical total station teaching system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114446118B CN114446118B CN202210102636.1A CN202210102636A CN114446118B CN 114446118 B CN114446118 B CN 114446118B CN 202210102636 A CN202210102636 A CN 202210102636A CN 114446118 B CN114446118 B CN 114446118B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B19/00—Teaching not covered by other main groups of this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
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Abstract
The invention provides a semi-physical total station teaching system, and belongs to the field of measurement virtual simulation teaching. Under the condition of keeping the original main body of the total station, the invention is provided with a focal length adjusting module, a visual display module, a screen simulation module and a PC training terminal. The focus adjusting module is used for simulating the fine sighting process of the total station, the vision display module is used for simulating the coarse sighting and the fine sighting process of the total station, the screen simulation module is used for simulating the screen operation and the display function of the total station, and the PC training terminal is used for controlling the coarse sighting simulating process, the fine sighting process and the simulation screen information display. The system can be operated indoors, is not limited by external environment, realizes the organic fusion of teaching resources and virtual reality scenes, can simulate a plurality of typical scenes, and realizes targeted teaching according to the requirements of training subjects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a semi-physical total station teaching system, and belongs to the field of measurement virtual simulation teaching.
Background
Total stations are used as the main instrument for realizing engineering measurement and have an irreplaceable role in measurement work in various fields. The total station teaching courses are all set up in relevant professions of various universities and colleges nowadays, in order to achieve the purpose of practical teaching, students can learn the operation flow of the total station and different functional applications of the total station through the practical operation instrument area, but are limited by teaching sites, most of practice sites for measuring practice courses are selected in campuses where students are located, and the total station teaching courses are various in engineering form and wide in distribution, cannot go to the practical construction sites to develop actual measurement, and are unfavorable for students to apply the learned knowledge to practical engineering measurement.
For this reason, it is proposed in the prior art to construct a total station simulation device to realize a multi-scenario total station simulation teaching, for example, in a patent entitled "a surveying instrument simulation model device" in an authorized bulletin number CN206339231U, the device includes a total station simulation model device, a mobile phone installation device, an operation panel simulation device, a sensor signal acquisition device and a server; the total station simulation model device comprises a total station simulation model and an angle sensor, wherein the total station simulation model is a simulation structure of the appearance and mechanical functions of the total station, and can realize the functions of rotation and pressing; the sensor signal acquisition device is connected with a data interface of the total station model device, the angle variation acquired by the angle sensor and the variation of the keyboard Hall keys in the operation panel simulation device are collected, the variation is transmitted to the server, the action response of each simulation part of the virtual instrument in the virtual simulation training operation software of the measuring instrument is realized, meanwhile, the program background performs visual angle conversion and measurement data processing on the operation signal, and visual angle scene data of an eyepiece of the virtual total station is transmitted to a mobile phone screen in the total station simulation model. Although this patent provides a total station simulation apparatus for simulation teaching of a total station, no specific means for performing simulation of a total station teaching system is given, and simulation of how to perform total station teaching is never known.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a semi-physical total station teaching system which is used for realizing a real total station simulation teaching process.
The invention provides a semi-physical total station teaching system, which comprises a total station body, wherein a lens barrel is arranged on the body, and an eyepiece focusing knob and an objective focusing knob which are arranged at an observation port of the lens barrel, and the system is characterized by also comprising a focal length adjusting module, a visual display module, a screen simulation module and a PC training terminal which are arranged on the total station body;
the focal length adjusting module comprises a knob rotation amount detecting module and a lens adjusting module, wherein the knob rotation amount detecting module is used for detecting knob rotation amounts of an eyepiece focusing knob and an objective lens focusing knob; the knob rotation amount detection module is connected with the PC training terminal and transmits detected knob rotation amount data to the PC training terminal;
the view display module comprises a fine view module and a coarse view module; the fine sight module comprises a fine sight screen arranged in a space at the rear side of the eye lens barrel, and the space is communicated with an observation port of the eye lens barrel; the PC training terminal adjusts the definition of the cross hair in the fine sight screen according to the detected rotation quantity of the eyepiece focusing knob, and adjusts the definition of the image in the fine sight screen according to the detected rotation quantity of the objective focusing knob so as to simulate the fine sight process of the total station;
the coarse sight module comprises a coarse sight screen rotatably arranged on a total station lifting handle, and the PC training terminal controls the display scene adaptability change in the coarse sight screen according to the rotation angle of the total station main body so as to simulate the coarse sight process of the total station;
the screen simulation module comprises a total station simulation screen and is used for inputting target information and displaying total station measurement information so as to simulate the screen operation of the total station.
According to the semi-physical total station teaching system provided by the invention, on the existing total station body, an optical device in a lens barrel is replaced by a vision screen, and a measurement target is simulated through the vision screen; the PC training terminal controls the definition of the view screen through the knob rotation quantity detected by the knob rotation quantity detection module, so that the teaching of coarse aiming and fine aiming of the total station is realized; meanwhile, the screen simulation module simulates the screen operation and display function of the total station, and teaching control on the screen information display and operation of the total station is realized. The system can be operated indoors, is not limited by external environment, realizes the organic fusion of teaching resources and virtual reality scenes, improves the proficiency of students in operating the total station in a simulated teaching mode, can simulate a plurality of typical scenes, and realizes targeted teaching according to the requirements of training subjects.
Further, in order to realize simulation teaching of angle measurement and distance measurement, a three-dimensional scene with known coordinates is established in the PC training terminal, based on the set coordinate of the precisely aimed target and the position of the total station in the three-dimensional scene, the included angle between the target points at the position of the total station and the distance from the total station to the target points are reversely calculated, and the reversely calculated angle and distance are sent to a total station simulation screen so as to simulate the angle measurement and distance measurement process of the total station.
Further, in order to accurately obtain the horizontal angle, the vertical angle and the electronic bubble information in the measurement process on the basis of not adding additional hardware equipment, the PC training terminal is further connected with the 232 interface of the total station body so as to obtain the horizontal angle, the vertical angle and the electronic bubble information of the total station body in the measurement process.
Further, in order to accurately detect the rotation angle of the knob, the knob rotation amount detection module comprises a first potentiometer and a second potentiometer, the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer are respectively connected to the eyepiece focusing knob and the objective focusing knob through corresponding gear structures, and collected electric signals representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob and representing the rotation angle of the objective focusing knob are sent to the PC training terminal.
Further, in order to make the picture on the fine view screen more fit the picture observed by the actual total station, the eye tube is provided with a conical inner hole, and a lens for magnifying the display picture on the fine view screen is arranged in the inner hole of the eye tube.
Further, in order to realize the centering teaching of the total station, the system further comprises a laser transmitter which is arranged at the axle center of the disc at the bottom of the total station and is used for realizing the laser centering of the total station.
Further, in order to realize analog teaching of the pan left and the pan right, the coarse sight screen is provided with a gyroscope for identifying the pan left and the pan right operation of the total station.
Furthermore, in order to realize different scene switching, positioning data of the total station in the virtual scene is input into the PC training terminal, and the PC training terminal controls the coarse view screen and the fine view screen to be switched into the corresponding scenes.
Further, for realizing detection and transmission of the electric signal, the electric signal is collected through a first analog quantity collection plate and a second analog quantity collection plate, the first analog quantity collection plate is connected with a first Bluetooth module, the second analog quantity collection plate is connected with a second Bluetooth module, and the first analog quantity collection plate and the second analog quantity collection plate respectively transmit the collected electric signal representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob and the electric signal representing the rotation angle of the objective focusing knob to the corresponding first Bluetooth module and second Bluetooth module, and then transmit the electric signal to the PC training terminal through the first Bluetooth module and the second Bluetooth module.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a semi-physical total station teaching system;
FIG. 2 (a) is a block diagram of a total station;
FIG. 2 (b) is a front view of the total station;
FIG. 2 (c) is a side view of the total station;
FIG. 3 (a) is a diagram of the exterior of the fine view box;
FIG. 3 (b) is a diagram of the internal structure of the fine view box;
FIG. 4 (a) is a diagram of the fine view screen installation interior architecture;
FIG. 4 (b) is a fine view screen mounting external block diagram;
FIG. 5 (a) is a front-mounted block diagram of a coarse viewing screen;
FIG. 5 (b) is a rear-mounted block diagram of a coarse viewing screen;
FIG. 6 is an installation structure diagram of a total station simulation screen;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a total station laser centering structure;
FIG. 8 is a semi-physical total station software system;
fig. 2-6 label description: the device comprises a 1-total station body, a coaxial telescope and laser ranging module of a 2-total station, a 3-fine view module, a 4-coarse view screen, a 5-total station simulation screen, a 6-coarse view screen rotating shaft, a 7-total station simulation screen rotating shaft, 8 measuring nails, 9-laser transmitters, 301-objective lens focusing knobs, 302-eyepiece focusing knobs, 303-fine view switches, 3041-charging interfaces of a fine view box and 3042-electric quantity display lamps, 305-finely aiming view screen, 306-side sliding cover, 307-finely aiming view screen external key, 308-view mobile phone charging interface, 309-chute, 310-magnetic attraction lock, 311-first analog acquisition board, 312-first Bluetooth module, 313-first lithium battery, 314-potentiometer, 315-Fresnel lens, 316-hollow transmission shaft, 317-cone, 318-second potentiometer, 319-second lithium battery, 320-second Bluetooth module, 321-second analog acquisition board, 401-transverse mobile phone support, 402-claw, 403-hand screw bolt, 4011-rough adjustment support, 4012-fine adjustment knob, 501-vertical mobile phone support, 502-hand screw knob, 503-sheet metal support, 504-hand screw bolt.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention further with reference to the drawings.
The invention provides a semi-physical total station teaching system, as shown in fig. 1, which is modified on the basis of the existing total station, and the structure of the existing total station is shown in fig. 2 (a), the coaxial telescope and the laser ranging module 2 on the existing total station are removed, and a focal length adjusting module, a visual display module, a screen simulation module and a PC training terminal are added, so that the virtual visual display and various functions such as rough sight, fine sight, information input, data acquisition and the like in the virtual scene are achieved, and the engineering measurement field process is simulated more realistically.
The specific structure of the semi-physical total station is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2 (b), the coarse view module includes a coarse view screen 4 rotatably provided on a carrying handle at the top of the total station, and the specific structure is as shown in fig. 5 (a) and 5 (b), and the first support includes a first fixing portion 402 for fixing to the carrying handle and a first clamping portion 401 for clamping the coarse view screen, and the first clamping portion 401 is hinged to the first fixing portion 402 by a hinge shaft having an axis extending in a left-right direction, so that the first clamping portion can rotate 180 ° with respect to the first fixing portion. When the coarse adjustment knob 4011 on the rotating support is installed, the support is opened, a coarse viewing screen is put in, the coarse adjustment support 4011 is rotated first, and after the support is roughly screwed, the fine adjustment knob 4012 can be rotated again for fine adjustment; after the rough sight screen is installed, the hand-screwed bolts 403 on the clamping claws 402 are screwed off, the clamping claws 402 are clamped on the handles on the top of the total station, and then the hand-screwed bolts 403 are screwed down, so that the total station is fixed on the handles.
As shown in fig. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the fine view screen 305 is disposed inside a sideslip cover 306 provided with a eyepiece barrel housing, a rear cover slides up and down along a chute 309, and a magnetic attraction structure 310 for attracting the rear cover after the rear cover is closed is provided between the rear cover and the housing. Meanwhile, an external key 307 of the video mobile phone and a charging interface 308 of the video mobile phone are arranged on the side sliding cover 306. The sideslip cover 306 and the module main body are installed through the sliding groove 309, when the vision mobile phone 305 needs to be operated, the sideslip cover 306 is pushed upwards and moves upwards along the sliding groove 309, so that the touch screen of the vision mobile phone 305 is exposed, and the operation of students is facilitated. When pushing downwards, the magnetic lock 310 on the sideslip cover 306 encounters the magnetic lock 310 on the module body, and the two are attracted, so that the sideslip cover 306 is fixed on the module body to form a whole.
As shown in fig. 3 (b), the focal length adjusting module includes a knob rotation amount detecting module, and the knob rotation amount detecting module includes a first potentiometer 314 and a second potentiometer 318, and the first potentiometer 314 is in transmission fit with the eye lens barrel through a first gear transmission structure, and the second potentiometer is in transmission fit with the eye lens barrel through a second gear transmission structure. The first gear transmission structure comprises a first input gear which is arranged outside the eye lens barrel in a rotation stopping way and a first output gear which is arranged outside the first rotating shaft in a rotation stopping way, and the first input gear is meshed with the first output gear; the second gear transmission structure comprises a second input gear and a second output gear, the second input gear is arranged outside the transmission cylinder in a rotation stopping way, the second output gear is arranged outside the second rotating shaft in a rotation stopping way, and the second input gear is meshed with the second output gear; the first input gear is located on the rear side of the second input gear. In addition, a first analog quantity acquisition board 311 is further installed, the first analog quantity acquisition board 311 is further connected with a first Bluetooth module 312, the first analog quantity acquisition board 311 and the first Bluetooth module 312 are powered by a first lithium battery 313, a second analog quantity acquisition board 321 is further installed, the second analog quantity acquisition board 311 is further connected with a second Bluetooth module 320, the second analog quantity acquisition board 321 and the second Bluetooth module 320 are powered by a second lithium battery 319, and the first analog quantity acquisition board 311 transmits the acquired rotation quantity of the eyepiece knob to the PC training terminal through the first Bluetooth module 312; the second analog acquisition board 321 transmits the acquired rotation amount of the objective lens knob to the PC training terminal through the second bluetooth module 320. The PC training terminal adjusts the definition of cross hairs in the fine sight screen according to the detected rotation quantity of the eyepiece focusing knob, and adjusts the definition of images in the fine sight screen according to the detected rotation quantity of the objective focusing knob so as to simulate the fine sight process of the total station.
As shown in fig. 2 (b) and 3 (b), the view display module includes a rough view screen 4 rotatably provided on the total station overhead handle, a fine view screen 305 installed in a space on the rear side of the eyepiece barrel, and the space communicates with the eyepiece barrel observation port. In the original total station, the upper surface and the lower surface of a coaxial telescope tube are respectively provided with a black right triangle, so that a worker can find the rough direction of a target through the black right triangle in the measuring process to realize rough aiming; the invention adopts the rough sighting telescope screen 4 arranged on the total station handle to realize the transformation of images on the rough sighting telescope screen 4 in the rotation process of the total station, so that the target appears on the rough sighting telescope screen 4, the rough direction of the target is found, and the rough sighting process of the target in the actual measurement operation process is simulated. In the actual measurement process, the human eye can see a remote target area through an ocular observation port, and find a target position for measurement; the invention adopts the fine view scene screen 305 installed in the space behind the eyepiece observation port, and the screen can display different measurement scenes, simulate the actual measurement environment, achieve measurement teaching under different measurement environments, and can also switch scenes according to different training subjects, thereby better realizing engineering measurement teaching training. Meanwhile, the eye lens barrel is provided with a conical inner hole, and a lens 315 for amplifying a display picture on the fine sight screen is arranged in the inner hole of the eye lens barrel, so that the picture on the fine sight screen 4 is more attached to a picture observed by an actual total station. In order to simulate the left and right operations of the pan in the actual total station measurement, the coarse view screen is provided with a gyroscope, and as shown in fig. 2 (c), when the coarse view screen 4 rotates 180 degrees around the shaft 6, the coarse view screen can be ensured to be used in the left and right operations of the pan.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 3 (a) and fig. 3 (b), when the eyepiece focusing knob is operated by a human hand, the rotation motion of the eyepiece focusing knob is transmitted to the potentiometer 314 through a series of gear transmission, the analog acquisition board 311 transmits the electric signal acquired to represent the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob 302 to the RS 485-bluetooth module 312, and then the electric signal is transmitted to the PC training terminal through the bluetooth signal, and the PC training terminal sends an instruction to the vision mobile phone 305 through wifi signals according to the rotation angle corresponding to the set electric signal, namely the definition adjustment quantity corresponding to the electric signal, so as to adjust the definition of the cross wire on the fine sight screen 4, so as to simulate the cross wire adjustment process in actual measurement. When the hand operates the objective lens focusing knob 301, the rotary motion of the objective lens focusing knob 301 is transmitted to the potentiometer through a series of gear transmission, the analog quantity acquisition board 311 transmits the electric signal which is acquired and represents the rotation angle to the RS 485-Bluetooth module 312, and then the electric signal is transmitted to the PC training terminal through the Bluetooth signal, and the PC training terminal transmits an instruction to the vision mobile phone 305 through a wifi signal according to the rotation angle corresponding to the set electric signal, namely the definition adjustment quantity corresponding to the electric signal, so that the definition of the image on the fine view screen 4 is adjusted, and the adjustment process of the focal length of a measurement target object in actual measurement is simulated. The analog acquisition board 311 and the RS485 conversion Bluetooth module 312 are powered by a lithium battery 313. On the whole central axis, as shown in the dotted line in fig. 3, the mechanical transmission shaft 316 and the conical barrel 317 are hollow, so that the human sight can pass through the small hole in the center of the eyepiece focusing knob 302, and the sight on the fine sight screen 305 is not blocked. Meanwhile, in order to eliminate adverse effects such as reflection of light in the tapered field of view, the inner surfaces of the hollow drive shaft 316 and the tapered cylinder 317 are subjected to frosted black surface treatment. Therefore, the picture of the fine view screen 4 seen by the human eye through the small hole in the center of the eyepiece focusing knob 302, the hollow transmission shaft 316 and the conical barrel 317 can be limited in a circular area with the axis as the center, but because of the limitation of the structural size, the view angle is smaller than that in the telescope seen by the total station original machine, in order to further optimize the effect of view simulation, a Fresnel lens is added between the hollow transmission shaft 316 and the conical barrel 317, and a plurality of concentric circular grooves are formed on the surface of the Fresnel lens, so that the image can be amplified like a common lens, and the brightness of the amplified image can be kept consistent everywhere.
The screen simulation module is a total station simulation screen 5 installed above the total station screen for inputting target information and displaying total station measurement information to simulate the screen operation and function of the total station. In the actual measurement process of the total station, different measurement modes (angle measurement mode, distance measurement mode and coordinate measurement mode) can be set through a total station screen, information such as vertical disc reading, horizontal disc reading, coordinates, inclined distance, prism and total station height difference, disc left and disc right can be displayed, and parameters such as prism correction value, atmosphere correction value, site information, prism height, instrument height, memory management (data file editing, transmission and inquiry) can be input. The screen simulation module is a total station simulation screen 5 arranged above the total station screen, a second support is arranged outside the original total station screen, and the second support comprises a first fixing part fixedly connected with an external frame of the original total station screen and a second clamping part for clamping the calibration simulation screen.
The invention adopts the total station simulation screen 5 for simple parameter setting and measurement mode setting, and displays basic angle information, distance information and coordinate information. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, when the simulation screen, i.e. the mobile phone is installed, the mobile phone support 501 is pulled down along the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 6, and the mobile phone is placed in the mobile phone support and can be fixed and locked by the spring in the support. After the mobile phone is installed, the hand-screwed bolts 504 on the sheet metal bracket 503 are unscrewed, the sheet metal bracket 503 is clamped on the calibration screen frames on two sides of the total station, and then the hand-screwed bolts 504 are screwed, so that the sheet metal bracket is firmly fixed on the original screen frames. As shown in fig. 2 (c), the calibration simulation screen 5 can rotate around the shaft 7, and when the screen of the original machine needs to be operated, the screen of the original machine can be watched and the keys beside the original machine can be operated by only turning the calibration simulation screen 5 upwards. The rotary damping of the shaft 7 can be adjusted by rotating the hand-twisting knob 502, and the bracket can overcome the gravity of the mobile phone and stay at any angle by adjusting the damping.
Taking a horizontal angle between two points as an example, erecting a total station in a virtual scene, centering and leveling, inputting coordinates of control points, selecting an angle measurement mode on a simulation screen of the total station, aiming a first target point by a rough aiming process and a fine aiming process according to the position of the total station, setting the horizontal dial to 0 DEG, aiming a second target point by a rough aiming process and a fine aiming process by a right rotating dial, and recording horizontal angle readings displayed on the horizontal dial at the moment; setting the total station as a pan right operation, aiming a second target point through a rough aiming process and a fine aiming process, recording the horizontal angle reading displayed on the horizontal dial at the moment, aiming the first target point through the rough aiming process and the fine aiming process by rotating the dial leftwards, recording the horizontal angle reading displayed on the horizontal dial at the moment, and completing the measurement of the horizontal angle measured back between the two points. In the process, the horizontal angle readings displayed on the total station simulation screen are reversely calculated according to the known coordinates through the PC training terminal and then sent to the total station simulation screen.
The PC training terminal comprises an established three-dimensional scene with known coordinates, namely a virtual scene simulated by referring to a field scene, and a communication module. Based on the coordinate of the finely aimed target and the position of the total station in the three-dimensional scene, the included angle between the target points at the position of the total station and the distance from the total station to the target points are calculated reversely, and the calculated angle and distance are sent to a simulation screen of the total station through a communication module so as to simulate the angle measurement and distance measurement process of the total station. In this embodiment, the communication module includes a bluetooth receiving device, a 232 interface data receiving device, and a wireless data transmitting device. The Bluetooth receiving device is used for receiving the focal length adjustment information sent by the focal length adjustment module; the 232 interface data receiving device is used for receiving horizontal angle, vertical angle and double-shaft compensation information acquired by the total station, and the information such as the horizontal angle, the vertical angle and electronic bubbles of the original machine can be still transmitted to the PC training terminal through the 232 interface of the original machine because the main body of the total station is basically unchanged, and the PC training terminal sends corresponding instructions to the vision mobile phone according to the information; the wireless data transmitting device is used for transmitting the visual position information to the visual display module.
The system also comprises a software system, as shown in fig. 8, which consists of a scene positioning subsystem, an android-end view display subsystem and a total station screen simulation subsystem. The scene positioning subsystem consists of a scene roaming module, a knapsack module and a positioning data sending module, and is deployed in a PC training terminal; in the virtual scene, the user can roam in different virtual scenes through the system, and the operations of selecting a measuring point, planning a measuring route and the like are performed. And can take total powerstation, survey nail, tripod etc. and measure articles and place from virtual knapsack. And setting up the position of the total station through scene positioning, clicking a corresponding button to send positioning data to a view display module, then operating the semi-physical total station to measure, restoring the operation content of the semi-physical total station by the total station in a virtual scene by 1:1, and recording the operation content. Because station moving measurement is needed in the actual measurement process, the invention carries out scene switching in the PC training terminal by moving the virtual total station in the virtual scene, and simulates the station moving process of the total station in the actual process. The android end view display subsystem consists of an angle receiving module, a positioning data receiving module and a view calibration display module, and is deployed on an android flat panel (or a mobile phone); after the total station is erected in the virtual scene, the corresponding button is clicked to send the positioning data to the An Zhuoshi scene display subsystem. And then, the current semi-physical total station angle is sent to an android end view display subsystem through operating the semi-physical total station, and the three-dimensional scene content of the current view display is displayed after the angle and positioning data are processed through a view calibration display module. The total station simulation screen subsystem consists of a compensation value receiving module, a measurement angle data receiving module and a simulation screen module, and is deployed in simulation screen equipment; the operation such as total station calibration, ranging, angle measurement and the like can be simulated, and the corresponding reading information of the current instrument is displayed by receiving the X-axis compensation value, the Y-axis compensation value and the angle data sent by the semi-physical total station.
The system also comprises a laser emitter 9 arranged at the axis of the disc at the bottom of the total station, as shown in fig. 7, the laser emitter 9 is used for observing a red point of the laser emitter 9 on the ground when the total station is centered and leveled, so that the red point coincides with the cross center of the measuring nail 8 which is arranged on the ground in advance. The laser transmitter 9 is provided with a power supply and a switch and is installed at the bottom of the total station through threads.
Through the semi-physical total station teaching system, measurement teaching in an indoor total station can be realized, the system is not affected by environment, and cooperative operation among students is not needed; different measurement working conditions are simulated through the set virtual scene, so that omnibearing teaching is realized, learning efficiency is improved, and time fragment utilization rate is optimized.
Claims (9)
1. The semi-physical total station teaching system comprises a total station body, wherein an eye lens barrel, an eyepiece focusing knob and an objective lens focusing knob are arranged on the total station body, and the eyepiece focusing knob and the objective lens focusing knob are arranged at an observation port of the eye lens barrel, and is characterized by further comprising a focal length adjusting module, a visual display module, a screen simulation module and a PC training terminal which are arranged on the total station body;
the focal length adjusting module comprises a knob rotation amount detecting module and a lens adjusting module, wherein the knob rotation amount detecting module is used for detecting knob rotation amounts of an eyepiece focusing knob and an objective lens focusing knob; the knob rotation amount detection module is connected with the PC training terminal and transmits detected knob rotation amount data to the PC training terminal;
the view display module comprises a fine view module and a coarse view module; the fine sight module comprises a fine sight screen arranged in a space at the rear side of the eye lens barrel, and the space is communicated with an observation port of the eye lens barrel; the PC training terminal adjusts the definition of the cross hair in the fine sight screen according to the detected rotation quantity of the eyepiece focusing knob, and adjusts the definition of the image in the fine sight screen according to the detected rotation quantity of the objective focusing knob so as to simulate the fine sight process of the total station;
the coarse sight module comprises a coarse sight screen rotatably arranged on a total station lifting handle, and the PC training terminal controls the display scene adaptability change in the coarse sight screen according to the rotation angle of the total station body so as to simulate the coarse sight process of the total station;
the screen simulation module comprises a total station simulation screen and is used for inputting target information and displaying total station measurement information so as to simulate the screen operation of the total station.
2. The teaching system of the semi-physical total station according to claim 1, wherein a three-dimensional scene with known coordinates is established in the PC training terminal, an included angle between target points at the position of the total station and a distance from the total station to the target points are calculated reversely based on the set coordinate of the finely aimed target and the position of the total station in the three-dimensional scene, and the calculated reversely calculated angle and distance are sent to a simulation screen of the total station so as to simulate the angle measurement and distance measurement process of the total station.
3. The teaching system of the semi-physical total station according to claim 1, wherein the PC training terminal is further connected to a 232 interface of the total station body to obtain horizontal angle, vertical angle and electronic bubble information of the total station body during measurement.
4. The teaching system of the semi-physical total station according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the knob rotation amount detection module comprises a first potentiometer and a second potentiometer, the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer are respectively connected to the eyepiece focusing knob and the objective lens focusing knob through corresponding gear structures, and the collected electric signals representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob and the rotation angle of the objective lens focusing knob are sent to the PC training terminal.
5. The teaching system of the semi-physical total station according to claim 1, wherein the eye lens barrel is provided with a conical inner hole, and a lens for magnifying a display picture on a fine view screen is arranged in the inner hole of the eye lens barrel.
6. A semi-physical total station teaching system according to any of claims 1-3 and also comprising a laser transmitter for mounting at the centre of the bottom disc of the total station for achieving laser centering of the total station.
7. A semi-physical total station teaching system according to any of claims 1-3 and wherein said coarse viewing screen is provided with gyroscopes for identifying pan left and pan right operation of the total station.
8. A semi-physical total station teaching system according to any of claims 1-3 and wherein said PC training terminal is configured to control switching of coarse view and fine view screens to corresponding scenes by the PC training terminal according to positioning data of the total station in the virtual scene, so as to implement station moving measurement of the total station.
9. The teaching system of the semi-physical total station according to claim 4, wherein the electric signals are collected through a first analog quantity collection plate and a second analog quantity collection plate, and the first analog quantity collection plate and the second analog quantity collection plate respectively transmit the collected electric signals representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob and the rotation angle of the objective lens focusing knob to the PC training terminal.
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| CN114446118A (en) | 2022-05-06 |
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