CN114446118A - A semi-physical total station teaching system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a semi-physical total station teaching system, which belongs to the field of measurement virtual simulation teaching. The present invention is provided with a focus adjustment module, a visual display module, a screen simulation module and a PC training terminal under the condition of retaining the original main body of the total station. The focal length adjustment module is used to simulate the precise aiming process of the total station, the visual display module is used to simulate the rough aiming and fine aiming process of the total station, the screen simulation module is used to simulate the screen operation and display functions of the total station, and the simulation rough aiming is simulated through the PC training terminal. The aiming process, the precise aiming process and the simulation screen information display are controlled. The system can be operated indoors without being restricted by the external environment, realize the organic integration of teaching resources and virtual reality scenes, simulate multiple typical scenes, and realize targeted teaching according to the needs of training subjects.

Description

A semi-physical total station teaching system

technical field

The invention relates to a semi-physical total station teaching system, which belongs to the field of measurement virtual simulation teaching.

Background technique

As the main instrument to realize engineering measurement, total station plays an irreplaceable role in various fields of measurement work. Nowadays, relevant majors in major colleges and universities all offer total station teaching courses. In order to achieve the purpose of practical teaching, students can learn the operation process of the total station and the application of different functions of the total station through the actual operation of the instrument area, but it is limited by the teaching venue. However, most of the practice sites for surveying practice courses are selected on the campus where the students are located, and the engineering forms are diverse and widely distributed.

To this end, the prior art proposes to construct a total station simulation device to realize multi-scenario total station simulation teaching. The device includes a total station simulation model device, a mobile phone installation device, an operation panel simulation device, a sensor signal acquisition device and a server; wherein, the total station simulation model device includes a total station simulation model and an angle sensor, and the total station simulation model is a total station simulation model. The simulation structure of the appearance and mechanical function of the station can realize the functions of rotation and pressing; the sensor signal acquisition device is connected to the data interface of the total station model device, and the angle change collected by the angle sensor and the keyboard hall in the operation panel simulation device are collected. The change amount of the key is transmitted to the server to realize the action response of each simulated component of the virtual instrument in the virtual simulation training operation software of the measuring instrument. The viewing angle scene data of the eyepiece of the total station is transmitted to the mobile phone screen in the simulation model of the total station. Although this patent provides a total station simulation device for the simulation teaching of the total station, it does not provide a specific method for simulating the total station teaching system, and it is impossible to know how to simulate the total station teaching.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention provides a semi-physical total station teaching system, which is used to realize a real total station simulation teaching process.

The invention provides a semi-physical total station teaching system, which includes a total station body, an eyepiece tube is arranged on the body, and an eyepiece focusing knob and an objective lens focusing knob are installed at the observation port of the eyepiece tube. The system also includes a focus adjustment module, a visual display module, a screen simulation module and a PC training terminal installed on the body of the total station;

Wherein, the focal length adjustment module includes a knob rotation amount detection module, which is used to detect the knob rotation amount of the eyepiece focusing knob and the objective lens focusing knob; the knob rotation amount detection module is connected to the PC training terminal, and transmits detection to the PC training terminal. The received knob rotation amount data;

The visual scene display module includes a fine sight sight module and a coarse sight sight module; the fine sight sight module includes a fine sight sight screen arranged in the space behind the eyepiece barrel, and the space is observed with the eyepiece barrel. The PC training terminal adjusts the sharpness of the crosshairs in the fine-sighting visual screen according to the detected rotation of the eyepiece focusing knob, and adjusts the fine-sighted visual according to the detected rotation of the objective focusing knob The clarity of the image on the screen to simulate the precise aiming process of the total station;

The rough sight view module includes a rough sight sight screen that is rotated and arranged on the handle of the total station. The PC training terminal controls the adaptive change of the displayed scene in the rough sight sight screen according to the rotation angle of the main body of the total station, so as to simulate the The rough aiming process of the total station;

The screen simulation module includes a total station simulation screen for inputting target information and displaying total station measurement information, so as to simulate the screen operation of the total station.

The invention provides a semi-physical total station teaching system. On the existing total station body, the optical device in the eyepiece tube is replaced with a visual screen, and the measurement target is simulated through the visual screen; The rotation amount of the knob detected by the rotation amount detection module controls the clarity of the visual screen and realizes the teaching of rough and precise aiming of the total station; Teaching control of screen information display and operation. The system can be operated indoors without being restricted by the external environment, realize the organic integration of teaching resources and virtual reality scenarios, improve students' proficiency in total station operation through simulation teaching, and can also simulate multiple typical scenarios. To meet the needs of subjects, to achieve targeted teaching.

Further, in order to realize the simulation teaching of angle measurement and distance measurement, a three-dimensional scene with known coordinates is established in the PC training terminal, and based on the set precise aiming target coordinates and the position of the total station in the three-dimensional scene, the full The included angle between the target points where the station is located, the distance from the total station to the target point, and the inversely calculated angle and distance are sent to the total station simulation screen to simulate the total station's angle measurement, measurement distance process.

Further, in order to accurately obtain the horizontal angle, vertical value angle and electronic bubble information in the measurement process without additional hardware equipment, the PC training terminal is also connected with the 232 interface of the total station body to obtain the measurement process. The horizontal angle, vertical angle and electronic bubble information of the total station body.

Further, in order to accurately detect the rotation angle of the knob, the knob rotation amount detection module includes a first potentiometer and a second potentiometer, and the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer are respectively connected to the eyepiece focusing knob through a corresponding gear structure. and the objective lens focusing knob, and send the collected electrical signals representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob and the rotation angle of the objective lens focusing knob to the PC training terminal.

Further, in order to make the picture on the fine-sighting visual screen more suitable for the picture observed by the actual total station, the eyepiece barrel has a conical inner hole, and the inner hole of the eyepiece barrel is installed with a lens for magnifying the fine-sighting scene. The lens that displays the picture on the screen.

Further, in order to realize the centering teaching of the total station, the system also includes a laser transmitter installed at the axis of the bottom disk of the total station, which is used to realize the laser centering of the total station.

Further, in order to realize the simulation teaching of face left and face right, the rough sight view screen is equipped with a gyroscope, which is used to identify the face left and face right operations of the total station.

Further, in order to switch between different scenarios, the PC training terminal inputs the positioning data of the total station in the virtual scenario, and the PC training terminal controls the rough sight screen and the fine sight screen to switch to the corresponding scene.

Further, in order to realize the detection and transmission of electrical signals, the electrical signals are collected by a first analog quantity collection board and a second analog quantity collection board, the first analog quantity collection board is connected with a first Bluetooth module, and the The second analog acquisition board is connected with the second Bluetooth module, and the first analog acquisition board and the second analog acquisition board respectively collect the electrical signals representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob and the rotation angle of the objective focusing knob, It is transmitted to the corresponding first Bluetooth module and the second Bluetooth module, and then transmitted to the PC training terminal through the first Bluetooth module and the second Bluetooth module.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the composition structure diagram of the semi-physical total station teaching system;

Figure 2(a) is a structural diagram of the total station;

Figure 2(b) is the front structure diagram of the semi-physical total station;

Figure 2(c) is the side structure diagram of the semi-physical total station;

Figure 3(a) is the external structure diagram of the precise sight viewing box;

Figure 3(b) is the internal structure diagram of the precision sight viewing box;

Figure 4(a) is a diagram of the internal structure of the installation of the precise sight screen;

Figure 4(b) is the external structure diagram of the installation of the fine sight screen;

Figure 5 (a) is a frontal installation structure diagram of a rough sight view screen;

Fig. 5(b) is the backside installation structure diagram of the rough sight view screen;

Fig. 6 is the installation structure diagram of the total station simulation screen;

Fig. 7 is the laser centering structure diagram of the total station;

Figure 8 is a hardware-in-the-loop total station software system;

Fig. 2-Fig. 6 Marking description: 1- total station body, 2- coaxial telescope and laser ranging module of total station, 3- fine sighting visual module, 4- coarse sighting visual screen, 5- total station Instrument simulation screen, 6-coarse sight view screen rotation axis, 7-total station simulation screen rotation axis, 8 measuring pins, 9-laser transmitter, 301-objective focusing knob, 302-eyepiece focusing knob, 303- Accurate sight switch, 3041-Charging interface of Accurate sight box, 3042- Battery indicator light, 305- Accurate sight screen, 306- Side slide cover, 307- Accurate sight screen external button, 308- Vision mobile phone charging interface, 309-chute, 310-magnetic lock, 311-first analog acquisition board, 312-first Bluetooth module, 313-first lithium battery, 314-potentiometer, 315-Fresnel Lens, 316-hollow drive shaft, 317-conical cylinder, 318-second potentiometer, 319-second lithium battery, 320-second Bluetooth module, 321-second analog acquisition board, 401-horizontal mobile phone bracket, 402-claw, 403-hand-tightening bolt, 4011-coarse adjustment bracket, 4012-fine adjustment knob, 501-vertical mobile phone bracket, 502-hand-tightening knob, 503-sheet metal bracket, 504-hand-tightening bolt.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention proposes a semi-physical total station teaching system, as shown in Figure 1, the teaching system is modified on the basis of the existing total station, and the structure of the existing total station is shown in Figure 2(a), In the present invention, the coaxial telescope and the laser ranging module 2 on the existing total station are removed, and a focal length adjustment module, a visual display module, a screen simulation module and a PC training terminal are added, so as to achieve virtual visual display and display in a virtual scene. It has various functions such as rough sighting, fine sighting, information input, data acquisition, etc., which more realistically simulate the field process of engineering surveying.

The specific structure of the semi-physical total station of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in Fig. 2(b), the coarse sight view module includes a coarse sight view screen 4 that is rotatably arranged on the top handle of the total station. The specific structure is shown in Fig. 5(a) and Fig. 5(b) , through the first bracket installed on the handle, the first bracket includes a first fixing part 402 for fixing on the handle and a first clamping part 401 for clamping the rough sight view screen, the first clamp The holding portion 401 is hingedly connected to the first fixing portion 402 through a hinge shaft whose axis extends in the left-right direction, so that the first clamping portion can rotate 180° relative to the first fixing portion. During installation, turn the coarse adjustment knob 4011 on the bracket to open the bracket, put the coarse sight screen in, first rotate the coarse adjustment bracket 4011, and after roughly tightening the bracket, then turn the fine adjustment knob 4012 for fine adjustment; After the installation is completed, unscrew the hand-tightening bolts 403 on the jaws 402, clamp the jaws 402 on the handle on the top of the total station, and then tighten the finger-tightening bolts 403 to fix it on the handle.

As shown in Figures 4(a) and 4(b), the precise sight screen 305 is placed inside the side slide cover 306 equipped with the eyepiece barrel housing, and the rear cover slides up and down along the sliding groove 309. A magnetic attraction structure 310 for attracting the back cover after the back cover is closed is disposed therebetween. At the same time, the side sliding cover 306 is provided with an external button 307 of the vision mobile phone and a charging interface 308 of the vision mobile phone. The side slide cover 306 and the module body are installed through the chute 309. When the mobile phone 305 needs to be operated, push it upward, and the side slide cover 306 will move up along the chute 309, thereby exposing the touch screen of the mobile phone 305, which is convenient for students to operate. When pushed down, the magnetic lock 310 on the side slide cover 306 meets the magnetic lock 310 on the module body, and the two are attracted together, so that the side slide cover 306 is fixed on the module body as a whole.

As shown in FIG. 3(b), the focus adjustment module includes a knob rotation amount detection module, and the knob rotation amount detection module includes a first potentiometer 314 and a second potentiometer 318, and the first potentiometer 314 and the eyepiece barrel pass through the first potentiometer 314 The gear transmission structure is driven and matched, and the second potentiometer and the eyepiece tube are driven and matched through the second gear transmission structure. The first gear transmission structure includes a first input gear installed outside the eyepiece barrel and a first output gear installed outside the first rotating shaft, the first input gear meshes with the first output gear; the second gear transmission structure includes The second input gear installed outside the transmission cylinder and the second output gear installed outside the second shaft, the second input gear meshes with the second output gear; the first input gear is located on the rear side of the second input gear . In addition, a first analog acquisition board 311 is also installed, the first analog acquisition board 311 is also connected with a first Bluetooth module 312 , and both the first analog acquisition board 311 and the first Bluetooth module 312 are powered by the first lithium battery 313 , a second analog quantity acquisition board 321 is also installed, the second analog quantity acquisition board 311 is also connected with a second Bluetooth module 320, and both the second analog quantity acquisition board 321 and the second Bluetooth module 320 are powered by the second lithium battery 319, The first analog collection board 311 sends the collected rotation of the eyepiece knob to the PC training terminal through the first Bluetooth module 312; the second analog collection board 321 sends the collected rotation of the objective knob through the second Bluetooth module 320 to the PC training terminal. PC training terminal. The PC training terminal adjusts the clarity of the crosshairs in the fine-sighting visual screen according to the detected rotation of the eyepiece focusing knob, and adjusts the clarity of the image in the fine-sighted visual screen according to the detected rotation of the objective focusing knob degrees to simulate the precise aiming process of the total station.

As shown in Figures 2(b) and 3(b), the visual display module includes a coarse sight sight screen 4 rotatably arranged on the top handle of the total station, and a fine sight installed in the space behind the eyepiece barrel. A viewing screen 305, and this space communicates with the eyepiece tube observation port. In the original total station, a black positive triangle is installed on the upper and lower surfaces of the coaxial telescopic tube, so that the staff can find the rough direction of the target through the black positive triangle during the measurement process and achieve rough aiming; The invention adopts the rough sight vision screen 4 installed on the handle of the total station to realize the transformation of the image on the rough sight vision screen 4 during the rotation process of the total station, so that the target appears on the rough sight vision screen 4, and find the The rough direction of the target simulates the rough aiming process of the target during the actual measurement operation. In the actual measurement process, the human eye can see the distant target area through the observation port of the eyepiece, and find the target position for measurement; the present invention adopts the precise sight screen 305 installed in the space behind the observation port of the eyepiece, which can display different The measurement scene simulates the actual measurement environment to achieve measurement teaching in different measurement environments, and can also switch scenes for different training subjects, which can better realize engineering measurement teaching and training. At the same time, the eyepiece barrel has a tapered inner hole, and the inner hole of the eyepiece barrel is equipped with a lens 315 for magnifying the displayed picture on the fine-sighting visual screen, so that the picture on the fine-sighting visual screen 4 is more suitable for the actual total station The screen observed by the instrument. For simulating the disk left and disk right operations in the actual total station measurement, the rough sight viewing screen in the present invention is equipped with a gyroscope, as shown in Figure 2 (c), when the rough sight viewing screen 4 is around the axis 6 When making 180° rotation, it is guaranteed that the device can be used when the device is operated from left to right.

In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 3(a) and Fig. 3(b), when the human hand operates the eyepiece focusing knob, the rotational motion of the eyepiece focusing knob is transmitted to the potentiometer 314 through a series of gear transmissions, and the The analog acquisition board 311 transmits the collected electrical signal representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob 302 to the RS485 to Bluetooth module 312 and then transmits it to the PC training terminal via the Bluetooth signal. That is, the definition adjustment amount corresponding to the electrical signal, send an instruction to the visual mobile phone 305 through the wifi signal to adjust the definition of the reticle on the precise sight visual screen 4, so as to simulate the adjustment process of the reticle in the actual measurement. When the human hand operates the objective lens focusing knob 301, the rotating motion of the objective lens focusing knob 301 is transmitted to the potentiometer through a series of gear transmissions, and the analog acquisition board 311 transmits the collected electrical signal representing the rotation angle to the RS485 to Bluetooth module 312 , and then transmit the bluetooth signal to the PC training terminal. The PC training terminal sends an instruction to the vision mobile phone 305 through the wifi signal according to the rotation angle corresponding to the electric signal that has been set, that is, the adjustment amount of the resolution corresponding to the electric signal. The sharpness of the image on the visual screen 4 is used to simulate the adjustment process of the focal length of the measurement target in the actual measurement. The analog quantity acquisition board 311 and the RS485 to Bluetooth module 312 are powered by the lithium battery 313 . On the entire central axis, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3 , the mechanical transmission shaft 316 and the conical barrel 317 are all hollow design, so that people's sight can pass through the small hole in the center of the eyepiece focusing knob 302 without any obstruction to view the view on the fine-sighted view screen 305. At the same time, in order to eliminate adverse effects such as reflections in the conical field of view, the inner surfaces of the hollow transmission shaft 316 and the conical cylinder 317 are treated with a matte black surface. In this way, the picture of the fine-sighted vision screen 4 seen by the human eye through the small hole in the center of the eyepiece focusing knob 302, the hollow drive shaft 316 and the conical cylinder 317 can be limited to a circular area centered on the axis, However, due to the limitation of the structure size, the field of view angle at this time is still smaller than the field of view angle in the telescope seen by the original total station. A Fresnel lens is added. The surface of the lens has many concentric grooves, which can not only magnify the image like a normal lens, but also ensure that the brightness of the magnified image remains consistent everywhere.

The screen simulation module is a total station simulation screen 5 installed on the top of the total station screen, which is used to input target information and display total station measurement information to simulate the screen operations and functions of the total station. In the actual measurement process of the total station, different measurement modes (angle measurement mode, distance measurement mode, coordinate measurement mode) can be set through the total station screen, and the vertical disk reading, horizontal dial reading, coordinates, slant distance, prism can be displayed. It can also input parameters such as prism correction value, atmospheric correction value, station information, prism height, instrument height, memory management (data file editing, transmission, query), etc. The screen simulation module is a total station simulation screen 5 installed above the total station screen, a second bracket is installed outside the original total station screen, and the second bracket includes a first fixed portion fixedly connected with the outer frame of the original total station screen and a Holds the second holding part of the calibration simulation screen.

The present invention adopts the total station simulation screen 5 to perform simple parameter setting and measurement mode setting, and to display basic angle information, distance information and coordinate information. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 , when installing the simulation screen, namely the mobile phone, pull down the mobile phone bracket 501 along the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 6 , put the mobile phone in, and the mobile phone can be fixed by the spring in the bracket lock. After the mobile phone is installed, loosen the hand-tightening bolts 504 on the sheet metal bracket 503, clamp the sheet metal bracket 503 on the calibration screen frame on both sides of the total station, and then tighten the hand-tightening bolts 504 to make it firmly fixed on the original screen. on the screen frame. As shown in Figure 2(c), the calibration simulation screen 5 can rotate around the axis 7. When the screen of the original machine needs to be operated, just turn the calibration simulation screen 5 upwards to watch the screen of the original machine and operate button next to it. Rotating the knob 502 by hand can adjust the rotational damping of the shaft 7. By adjusting the damping, the bracket can overcome the gravity of the mobile phone and stay at any angle.

Taking the measurement of the horizontal angle between two points as an example, set up a total station in the virtual scene, align and level it, input the coordinates of the control point, and select the angle measurement mode on the total station simulation screen. First, turn the dial left to aim at the first target point through the coarse aiming process and the fine aiming process, set the horizontal dial to 0°, and rotate the dial to the right to aim at the second target point through the coarse aiming process and the fine aiming process, and record at this time. The horizontal angle reading displayed on the horizontal dial; then set the total station to the dial-right operation, aim at the second target point through the rough aiming process and the fine aiming process, record the horizontal angle reading displayed on the horizontal dial at this time, and move to the Rotate the dial to the left to aim at the first target point through the rough aiming process and the fine aiming process, record the horizontal angle reading displayed on the horizontal dial at this time, and complete the horizontal angle measurement of one round between the two points. In this process, the horizontal angle readings displayed on the simulation screen of the total station are all inversely calculated by the PC training terminal according to the known coordinates and then sent to the simulation screen of the total station.

The PC training terminal includes an established three-dimensional scene with known coordinates, that is, a virtual scene simulated with reference to the actual scene, and also includes a communication module. Based on the precise aiming target coordinates and the position of the total station in the 3D scene, the included angle between the target points at the position of the total station and the distance from the total station to the target point are calculated inversely, and the inversely calculated angles and distances are calculated. It is sent to the total station simulation screen through the communication module to simulate the angle measurement and ranging process of the total station. In this embodiment, the communication module includes a Bluetooth receiving device, a 232 interface data receiving device, and a wireless data transmitting device. The Bluetooth receiving device is used to receive the focal length adjustment information sent by the focal length adjustment module; the 232 interface data receiving device is used to receive the horizontal angle, vertical angle, and dual-axis compensation information obtained by the total station. The horizontal angle, vertical angle, electronic bubble and other information of the original machine can still be transmitted to the PC training terminal through the 232 interface of the original machine. to transmit the scene position information to the scene display module.

The system also includes a software system, as shown in Figure 8, the software system consists of a scene positioning sub-system, an Android-side visual display sub-system and a total station screen simulation sub-system. Among them, the scene positioning sub-system consists of scene roaming module, backpack module, and positioning data sending module. This sub-system is deployed in the PC training terminal; Measure points, plan measurement routes, etc. And can take measurement items such as total station, measuring nail, tripod, etc. from the virtual backpack for placement. Set up the position of the total station through the scene positioning, click the corresponding button to send the positioning data to the visual display module, and then operate the semi-physical total station for measurement, and the total station in the virtual scene will restore 1:1 to the semi-physical total station The operation content of the instrument is recorded, and the operation content is recorded. Since the actual measurement process needs to be moved to the station, the present invention simulates the actual moving process of the total station by moving the virtual total station in the virtual scene and switching the scene in the PC training terminal. The Android-side visual display sub-system consists of an angle receiving module, a positioning data receiving module, and a visual calibration display module. The sub-system is deployed on an Android tablet (or mobile phone); after setting up the total station in the virtual scene, click the corresponding button Send the positioning data to the Android visual display subsystem. Then, by operating the semi-physical total station, the current semi-physical total station angle is sent to the Android-side visual display sub-system. After the angle and positioning data are processed by the visual calibration display module, the current visual is displayed to display the 3D scene content. The total station simulation screen sub-system consists of a compensation value receiving module, a measurement angle data receiving module, and a simulation screen module. The sub-system is deployed in the simulation screen equipment; By receiving the X-axis, Y-axis compensation value and angle data sent by the semi-physical total station, the corresponding reading information of the current instrument is displayed.

The system also includes a laser transmitter 9 installed at the center of the disk at the bottom of the total station, as shown in Figure 7, the laser transmitter 9 is used to observe the laser transmitter 9 when the total station is centered and leveled. On the red dot on the ground, make the red dot coincide with the cross center of the pre-set measuring pin 8 on the ground. The laser transmitter 9 has its own power supply and switch, and is installed on the bottom of the total station through threads.

Through the above-mentioned semi-physical total station teaching system, indoor total station measurement teaching can be realized, which is not affected by the environment, and does not require collaborative operation among students. Improve learning efficiency and optimize the utilization of time fragments.

Claims (9)

1. A semi-physical total station teaching system comprises a total station body, wherein an eyepiece barrel is arranged on the total station body, and an eyepiece focusing knob and an objective focusing knob which are arranged at an observation port of the eyepiece barrel;

the focal length adjusting module comprises a knob rotation amount detecting module which is used for detecting the knob rotation amounts of an eyepiece focusing knob and an objective lens focusing knob; the knob rotation amount detection module is connected with the PC training terminal and transmits detected knob rotation amount data to the PC training terminal;

the visual display module comprises a fine aiming visual module and a coarse aiming visual module; the fine sighting; the PC training terminal adjusts the definition of a cross wire in a fine-aiming view screen according to the detected rotation amount of the eyepiece focusing knob, and adjusts the definition of an image in the fine-aiming view screen according to the detected rotation amount of the objective focusing knob so as to simulate the fine-aiming process of the total station;

the coarse sighting telescope module comprises a sighting;

the screen simulation module comprises a total station simulation screen and is used for inputting target information and displaying measurement information of the total station so as to simulate screen operation of the total station.

2. The semi-physical total station teaching system of claim 1, wherein a three-dimensional scene with known coordinates is established in said PC training terminal, based on the set fine-aiming target coordinates and the position of the total station in the three-dimensional scene, the included angle between the target point at the position of the total station and the distance from the total station to the target point are back-calculated, and the back-calculated angle and distance are sent to a total station simulation screen to simulate the angle and distance measurement process of the total station.

3. The semi-physical total station teaching system of claim 1, wherein said PC training terminal is further connected to a 232 interface of the total station body to obtain horizontal angle, vertical angle and electronic bubble information of the total station body during measurement.

4. The semi-physical total station teaching system according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the knob rotation amount detection module comprises a first potentiometer and a second potentiometer, the first potentiometer and the second potentiometer are respectively connected to the eyepiece focusing knob and the objective focusing knob through corresponding gear structures, and the collected electrical signals representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob and the rotation angle of the objective focusing knob are sent to the PC training terminal.

5. The semi-physical total station teaching system of claim 1, wherein said eyepiece barrel has a tapered inner bore, and a lens for magnifying a display on a fine view screen is mounted in the inner bore of the eyepiece barrel.

6. The semi-physical total station teaching system according to any one of claims 1-3, further comprising a laser transmitter for mounting at the center of a bottom disc of the total station for laser centering of the total station.

7. The semi-physical total station teaching system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein said coarse vision screen is equipped with gyroscopes for identifying pan left and pan right operation of the total station.

8. The semi-physical total station teaching system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the PC training terminal is configured to control the coarse sighting and fine sighting perspective screens to switch to corresponding scenes by the PC training terminal according to positioning data of the total station in a virtual scene, so as to implement station-moving measurement of the total station.

9. The semi-physical total station teaching system of claim 4, wherein the electrical signal is collected by a first analog quantity collecting board and a second analog quantity collecting board, and the first analog quantity collecting board and the second analog quantity collecting board respectively transmit the collected electrical signals representing the rotation angle of the eyepiece focusing knob and the rotation angle of the objective focusing knob to the PC training terminal.

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