RU2334396C1 - Method of prevention and correction of technology stress of young cattle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; veterinary.

SUBSTANCE: method involves feeding of animals with carbohydrate salt balancer, containing dry brine or its solution, sodium salt, lactulose, sulphur for cattle breeding, cupric sulphate, zinc sulphate, cobaltichloride, potassium iodide in the mixture with concentrated feed 5 days before supposed stress in the dosage of 750 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day.

EFFECT: decrease of meat stock loss and increase of meat productivity of youngsters.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of animal husbandry and can be used for technological stresses that occur during the fattening of young cattle (cattle).

In a stressful situation, the homeostatic balance of the body is disturbed, which leads to significant changes in metabolism, a sharp decrease in the level of bifidoflora, resulting in significant loss of live weight, the immediate cause of which is dehydration of tissues due to increased energy decay of carbohydrates and fats.

Known methods for the prevention and correction of technological stresses in cattle by feeding 3-7 days before transport stress salt composition:

Sodium chloride 43.4-45.5 Potassium chloride 13.0-18.0 Sodium Sulfate 7.4-9.8 Sodium carbonate 0.4-8.0 Calcium carbonate 8.0-11.0 Magnesium carbonate 1.0-1.4 Vitamin C 0.1-0.3 Glucose 18.0-22.0

at a dose of 125-275 mg / kg of live weight per day [1].

The closest analogue is a method for the prevention of stress during transportation of young cattle, which involves the introduction of Bishas supplementation, including natural bischofite, ascorbic acid and glucose, at a dose of 210-230 mg / kg body weight per day for 4-5 days before transportation [2].

EFFECT: reduced losses of meat raw materials, increased meat productivity of young animals during feeding and transportation.

This is achieved by introducing the RAPIK carbohydrate-salt supplement into the diet as a stress corrector, containing:

dry brine or mortar in terms of on a dry mass, g 5,0 table salt, g 1,59 lactulose, g 3.41 sulfur for livestock, g 1,2 copper sulfate, mg 2.0 zinc sulfate, mg 28.70 cobalt chloride, mg 1,53 potassium iodide, mg 0.13

The supplement is fed at the rate of 750 mg per 1 kg of live weight per day for 5 days before the expected stress.

The RAPIK carbohydrate-salt additive was developed by the applicant based on the natural brine of Lake Elton.

The natural brine of Lake Elton, according to the Center for Biotic Medicine at the Federal Center for Sanitary Inspection, has the following composition (Table 1).

Table 1 Element Elton Lake Rapa Element Elton Lake Rapa Ag 0,000044 Mg 6000 Al 0.04 Mn 0,120297 As 0.09702 Mo 0,001237 Au 0,00035 Na 205600 AT 0.891293 Ni 0.018269 Wa 0.017237 R 12,43 Be 0.00102 Pb <0.000003 Bi 0.000106 Pt 0.000175 Sa 837.2 Rb 0,020751 Cd 0.000094 Sb 0,000573 With 0.021313 Se 1,62789 Cr 0.27724 Si 1,6 Cu 0.00895 Sn 0,000357 Fe 0.16 Sr 3,558486 Ga 0,001091 Ti 0,07013 Ge 0.000013 Tl 0.000068 Hg 0,00076 V 0.08676 I 0.238 W 0.000109 TO 1700 Zn 0.01 Li 0.56284 Zr 0,000049

As the carbohydrate component of lactulose, any feed additives containing lactulose can be used. For example, the well-known bifidogenic additive “Vetelact”, which contains lactulose as the main active ingredient, obtained from sugar of raw milk, milk and all varieties of food sugars by alkaline isomerization. “Vetelact” is a syrupy fat content with a lactulose content of at least 55% on a dry matter basis [3].

The RAPIK supplement based on the unique complex natural mineral of Elton Lake brine is additionally balanced in minerals and trace elements according to the norms of animal feeding with the addition of lactulose. The mineral part of the additive contributes to the regulation of acid-base balance and activation of many enzyme systems, in particular, activates phosphatase and participates in carbohydrate metabolism. Lactulose positively affects the formation of intestinal microbiocenosis, being a food source for bifidoflora. Bifidoflora has an immunomodulating effect: it regulates the functions of humoral and cellular immunity, prevents the degradation of secretory immunoglobulin A, stimulates the formation of interferon and produces lysozyme.

Thus, the composition of the RAPIK additive balanced in such a way, restoring metabolism impaired due to technological stress, normalizes neuromuscular excitation, inhibits the mobilization of energy substances, increases the humoral factors of the body’s defense, and reduces weight loss while maintaining quality. In addition, the RAPIK additive due to natural brine is an environmentally friendly product. The decomposition products of the additive are similar to the natural metabolic products of the animal’s body and, without accumulating, are excreted naturally.

Example.

Scientific and economic experience was carried out in the "Privolny" breeding farm of the Volgograd region. In order to work out the optimal dosage, 5 groups of calves were formed at the age of 10 months, 10 animals each. The difference between the groups was that the bulls in the control group received an economic diet, the experimental group received an economic diet (HR) and 5 days before the expected stress, 250 mg of the RAPIK preparation per 1 kg of live weight, experimental group II received XP + 500 mg of the drug Experimental III - XP + 750 mg of the drug and IV - XP + 1000 mg of the drug.

As a result of reducing the negative impact of stresses (calf weaning from mothers, group formation, weighing, veterinary processing, etc.), the live weight of the calves of the experimental groups was higher in comparison with the analogues from the control. So, at the age of 12 months, in calves of the I, II, III, and IV experimental groups, the live weight was greater than in the control, respectively, by 1.5; 2.7; 5.6 and 1.95%. With the age of the gobies, this difference increased and when removed from the experiment (16 months) was 1.9; 4.8; 7.9 and 4.1% (Table 2).

table 2 Dynamics and increase in live weight of experimental bulls Age, month Group control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced 10 267.5 265.3 266.8 264.3 270,0 eleven 283.6 285.0 287.3 298.4 283.7 12 312.1 316.7 320.6 329.7 318.2 13 339.8 348.3 355.6 364.2 352.1 fourteen 373.1 379.5 391.3 399.8 390.6 fifteen 398.2 419.7 420.8 428.5 423.0 16 424.6 432.8 444.9 458.1 442.2 The absolute increase over the period of the experiment, kg 157.1 167.5 178.1 193.8 172.2 The average daily gain, g 872.8 930.5 989.4 1076.7 956.7

The average daily gain in live weight of the bulls of the experimental groups was higher than in the control by 6.6; 13.4; 23.4 and 9.6%.

The analysis of the dynamics of changes in the live weight of the experimental bull calves of the absolute and average daily gains showed that the most optimal dose was RAPIK 750 mg per 1 kg of live weight.

As a result of observations, it was found that more significant weight loss during transportation occurred in animals of the control group. Losses of live weight in gobies of the control group during transportation amounted to 23.9 kg, or 5.63% of the initial weight, for analogues of the first experimental group - 18.7 kg, or 4.32%, II - 17.8 kg, or 4 , 0%, III - 15.4 kg, or 3.36%, and IV - 18.3 kg, or 4.15% (Table 3). In the bulls of the experimental groups, in comparison with the control, the loss of live weight decreased by 5.2 kg, respectively; 6.1 kg; 8.5 kg and 5.6 kg.

During the pre-slaughter period, the decrease in live weight of experimental animals continued. So, the mass of bull-calves of the control group during the pre-slaughter period decreased by 12.7 kg, the experimental group - by 12.1 kg, II - by 11.4 kg, III - by 10.9 kg and IV - by 11.5 kg.

The total decrease in live weight of young animals was 36.6 kg, or 8.62%, in the control group - 30.8 kg, or 7.12%, in the second group - 29.2 kg, or 6.56%, III - 26.3 kg, or 5.72%, and IV - 29.8, or 6.76%. Loss of live weight in gobies of the control group was higher than that of analogues of the first experimental group by 5.8 kg, or 18.83%, II - by 7.4 kg, or 25.3%, III - by 10.3 kg , or 39.2%, and IV - by 6.8 kg, or 22.82%. The most significant impact on reducing the loss of live weight of experimental bulls during their pre-slaughter preparation was provided by the use of RAPIK top dressing in a dose of 750 mg per 1 kg of live weight. In addition, it was found that in gobies that consumed RAPIK top dressing, slaughter qualities noticeably improved during technological stresses. The calves of the experimental groups exceeded the peers from the control group in carcass weight by 8.9 kg, or 4.12%, 16.8 kg, or 7.78%, 27.9 kg, or 12.92%, and 13.1, respectively kg, or 6.07% (table 4).

Slaughter weight was higher in gobies consuming RAPIK. The calves of the experimental groups exceeded the analogues from the control by this indicator by 9.4 kg, or 4.13%; 18.6 kg, or 8.18%; 29.1 kg, or 12.79%, and 14.0 kg, or 6.15%.

Table 3 Losses of live weight of young animals during transportation and pre-slaughter aging Indicator Group control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Live weight before transportation, kg 424.6 432.8 444.9 459.6 441.0 Live weight after transportation, kg 400.7 414.1 427.1 444.2 422.7 Losses for transportation, kg 23.9 18.7 17.8 15.4 18.3 % 5.63 4.92 4.00 3.36 4.15 Loss reduction, kg - 5.2 6.1 8.5 5,6 % - 1.31 1,63 2.27 1.48 Slaughter live weight, kg 388.0 402.0 415.7 433.3 411.2 Loss of live weight during slaughter exposure, kg 12.7 12.1 11,4 10.9 11.5 % 3.16 2.92 2.67 2.45 2.73 Total loss of live weight, kg 36.6 30.8 29.2 26.3 29.8 % 8.62 7.12 6.56 5.72 6.76 Reduction of live weight loss, kg - 5.8 7.4 10.3 6.8 % - 1,50 2.06 2.90 1.86

Table 4 The meat productivity of experimental gobies Indicator Group control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Slaughter mass, kg 389.1 402.9 416.3 432.1 410.3 Weight of fresh carcass, kg 215.9 224.8 232.7 243.8 229.0 Mascara yield,% 55.49 55.79 55.90 56.43 55.82 The mass of internal fat, kg 11.6 12.1 13,4 15.3 12.5 The yield of crude fat,% 2.98 3.00 3.21 3.36 3.05 Slaughter weight, kg 227.5 236.9 246.1 256.6 241.5 Slaughter yield,% 58.47 58.80 59.12 59.38 58.86 Confiscated kg 3.28 3.04 2.87 2.46 3.11 Weight of chilled carcass, kg 213.3 222.7 231.1 241.6 227.1 Pulp mass, kg 168.4 176.0 184.5 193.9 180.5 The yield of pulp,% 78.96 79.03 79.84 80.26 79.48 Bone mass, kg 37,2 38.8 38.5 39.7 38.6 The yield of bones,% 17.46 17.42 16.66 16,43 17.00 Tendon mass, kg 7.7 7.9 8.1 8.0 8.0 Tendon yield,% 3.62 3,55 3,50 3.31 3.52 Meat index 4,52 4,54 4.79 4.88 4.68 The yield of pulp per 100 kg of live weight, kg 43.28 43.68 44.32 44.87 43,99

Young experimental groups had a higher lethal yield. The difference in slaughter yield in favor of the bulls of the experimental groups was 0.33, respectively; 0.65; 0.91 and 0.39%. The number of confiscated animals in the carcasses of animals of the experimental groups was less than in the control. This fact indicates that the impact of stress factors associated with shipment, transportation and pre-slaughtering in bulls treated with the drug "RAPIK" decreased, and they were less injured. This is confirmed by the data of ethological observations. In the bulls of the experimental groups, an increase in food activity, a decrease in motor activity and aggressiveness were observed. Moreover, the yield of pulp in the carcasses of gobies of experimental groups was higher than in the control by 0.07; 0.88; 1.30 and 0.52%.

Due to the higher yield of pulp in the carcasses of young experimental groups, they had a more significant meat index and yield of pulp per 100 kg of live weight.

An analysis of the chemical composition of meat (Table 5) showed that it was most complete in the carcasses of gobies from experimental groups that received the RAPIK mineral supplement.

So, the dry matter content in the average sample of pulp of carcasses of calves of the experimental groups was greater than in the control, respectively, by 0.62; 2.18; 3.13 and 0.92%. The content of protein in the flesh of experimental gobies did not vary significantly in groups. The existing differences did not exceed the values of the sampling error. In terms of fat content, the bulls of the experimental groups that consumed RAPIK were superior. The difference in fat content in favor of the calves of the experimental groups in comparison with the control amounted to 0.54%; 1.98; 2.80 and 0.89%.

Table 5 The chemical composition of the pulp of carcasses of experimental bulls Indicator Group control I experienced II experienced III experienced IV experienced Moisture% 67.80 67.18 65.62 64.67 66.88 Dry matter% 32,20 32.82 34.38 35.33 33.12 including: protein 19.84 19.91 20.03 20.17 19.87 fat 11.42 11.95 13.40 14.22 12.31 Ash% 0.94 0.95 0.95 0.94 0.94 Synthesized nutrients in the carcasses of experimental gobies Dry matter, kg 54.22 57.76 63.43 68.50 59.78 including: protein, kg 33.41 35.04 36.95 39.11 35.86 fat kg 19.23 21.05 24.79 27.57 22.22

Thus, an increase in the dry matter content in the pulp of carcasses of experimental gobies occurred mainly due to fat. It should be noted that the highest protein and fat content was observed in carcasses of gobies that consumed RAPIK at a dose of 750 mg per 1 kg of live weight.

In the meat of gobies of experimental groups that consumed a stress corrector, the ratio of fat to protein was 0.60: 1, respectively; 0.67: 1; 0.70: 1 and 0.62: 1, control - 0.58: 1. In the process of research it was found that in gobies fed with the diet “RAPIK”, more nutrients were synthesized in the pulp of carcasses compared to control peers.

The most significant amount of protein and fat was synthesized in the body of gobies of the third experimental group, who consumed RAPIK carbohydrate-salt supplement in a dose of 750 mg per 1 kg of live weight. Thus, in the meat content of the carcass of the protein, the gobies of the third experimental group exceeded their analogues from the control by 5.70 kg, or 17.06%, more fat was synthesized in their carcasses by 8.34 kg, or 43.37%, respectively.

The analysis showed that the content of tryptophan in the longest muscle in gobies of the experimental groups showed insignificant differences in favor of animals that consumed RAPIK supplement with the diet. At the same time, the highest tryptophan content was found in the longest muscle of gobies that consumed fertilizing at a dose of 750 mg per 1 kg of live weight. In this regard, the protein quality indicator in the muscle of the gobies of the experimental groups was higher by 3.40; 3.61; 3.77 and 3.32%.

Thus, when using RAPIK, a carbohydrate-salt supplement, as a stress corrector, it is possible to significantly increase meat productivity and quality indicators of gobies meat, and reduce the loss of raw meat by reducing stress factors. It is most advisable to use RAPIK as an anti-stress agent in the calculation of 750 mg per 1 kg of live weight.

Information sources

1. RU 2033048, A61K 33/00, 1995.

2. RU 2153802, A01K 67/02, A61K 33/00, 2000.

3. Temporary guidance on the use of bifidogenic supplements “Vetelact ″ for the prevention and treatment of dysbiosis in animals. Veterinary Department of the Ministry of Agriculture of Russia. - November 18, 2003.

Claims (1)

A method for the prevention and correction of technological stress in young cattle, including the introduction of a stress corrector in the diet, characterized in that a carbohydrate-salt supplement based on natural brine with the addition of lactulose is used as a stress corrector in the following ratio of components: dry brine or solution in terms of on a dry mass, g 5,0 table salt, g 1,59 lactulose, g 3.41 sulfur for livestock, g 1,2 copper sulfate, mg 2.0 zinc sulfate, mg 28.70 cobalt chloride, mg 1,53 potassium iodide, mg 0.13 based on 750 mg per 1 kg of live weight per day 5 days before the expected stress.