RU2142693C1 - Garden roots growing method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, garden vegetable growing. SUBSTANCE: method involves preparing soil and applying organic-mineral fertilizers; cutting furrows and seeding or planting seedlings; digging out shallow ditch between each two furrows and putting root feeders formed as continuous strips into it. Method allows root yield to be increased by 30-35%. EFFECT: increased efficiency and improved quality of roots. 3 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the field of vegetable growing, in particular to the cultivation of table root crops.

 Among table root crops, cold-resistant ones are distinguished - carrots, parsley and heat-loving - beets, celery. Although the turnip, radish, rutabaga, radish and others also belong to the same group of vegetable crops. The present method is focused primarily on the first four cultures.

 Carrots and parsley have low heat requirements, so they can be sown in the fall to get an early harvest.

 The prototype of the proposed invention is a method of growing table root crops, including soil preparation with the introduction of organo-mineral fertilizers, cutting furrows, sowing seeds or planting seedlings, seeding the furrows and regular watering (O. Ganichkina, “Tips for gardeners”, M., 1993 S. 73-80).

 However, without the proper feeding of vegetable crops, the high quality of the grown products is not achieved.

 The objective of the present invention is to develop a method that allows you to get a high crop of root crops.

The problem is solved by the described method of growing table root crops, including soil preparation with the introduction of organo-mineral fertilizers, cutting the furrows, sowing seeds or planting seedlings, digging grooves between each two grooves and laying the KP-5 root feeders in them in the form of a continuous tape . The KP-5 root feeder is a diffusion osmotic doser, the body of which is made of a semi-permeable membrane on a paper substrate, and the dosed substance is a complex fertilizer with the ratio of the main nutrients N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O = 1: 1: 1 and with a trace element content of up to 0.1% mass.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that during the preparation of the soil and sowing in the autumn, root feeders are laid to a depth of 4-5 cm.

In the case of soil preparation and sowing or planting in the spring, the root feeder is kept in water at a temperature of 18 -20 ^o C for 10-12 days before laying and laid them to a depth of 5 - 7 cm.

 Example 1

In the autumn, the soil is prepared for sowing carrots, for which it is carefully dug up, loosened and leveled. Humus is added to two plots of 20 m ² each before sowing at the rate of 3-4 kg / m ² and mineral fertilizers (double superphosphate and potassium chloride) at a rate of 10-15 g / m ² . The soil is carefully cut and the seeds of carrots of the Forto variety are sown in the grooves, and the sowing is carried out before frost, when the average daily temperature is set below 5 ^o C heat. Then, in one of the sections between each two grooves, a groove of 4-5 cm deep is made, on the bottom of which KP-5 root feeders containing a full range of macro- and microelements with a ratio of the main batteries N: P ₂ are laid with a continuous tape. O ₅ : K ₂ O = 1: 1: 1 and with a trace element content of up to 0.1 mass%. After installing the root feeders, the groove is poured and slightly compacted.

The second section is taken as a control. In spring, the same technological methods are carried out in both areas: thinning, loosening, watering, etc. The exception is top dressing - they are not carried out on the site with root feeds, since top dressing is carried out by root feeds. In the control plot, the first top dressing is carried out two weeks after emergence, at the same time, g / m ² is introduced: N (nitrogen) -2.5; P ₂ O ₅ (phosphorus) - 2.5; K ₂ O (potassium) - 2.5. ; N (nitrogen) -2.5; P ₂ O ₅ (phosphorus) - 2.5; K ₂ O (potassium) - 2.5. Two weeks after the first, a second top dressing is carried out, g / m ² : N (nitrogen) -2/5; P ₂ O ₅ (phosphorus) - 2.5; K ₂ O (potassium) - 4.0. Top dressing combined with watering.

In the fall, 7.2 kg / m ^{2 of} carrots were removed from the root-feeding plot, and 5.3 kg / m ² from the control plot.

 The increase in yield amounted to 36%.

 Example 2

When sowing in the spring, the soil in two identical areas is carefully prepared in the fall, similarly to example 1, is marked for sowing. Between every two future grooves, a groove of 5 - 7 cm depth is made, on the bottom of which root feeders are laid in a continuous tape, as in example 1, the groove is covered with earth, compacted and any places of rooting are laid. In spring, in both areas the soil is carefully loosened and beet seeds of the Bordeaux 237 variety are sown in the grooves. During the growing season on the control, two fertilizing with mineral fertilizers is carried out, the first in the phase of three real leaves, g / m ² : N (nitrogen) -3; P ₂ O ₅ (phosphorus) - 3; K ₂ O (potassium) - 4, and after twenty days the same second top dressing is carried out. In addition, foliar top dressing is carried out at this site with a solution of boric acid (1.5 g / l) in a volume of 2.5 liters per site.

 In the area with root feeds, top dressing is not carried out, only the watering regime is observed.

In the autumn, 8.2 kg / m ^{2 of} beets were removed from the site with root crops, and 6.2 kg / m ² from the control site.

 The increase in beet harvest amounted to 32%.

 Example 3

Spring at two sites on the area of 10 ^m2 carefully preparing the ground for planting beet seedlings. Why it is well dug up and loosened, while 5 kg per m ^{2 of} humus and 30 g / m ^{2 of} complex fertilizers are introduced.

The ridges are marked and in the second section, between the two lines of seedlings, a groove of 5-7 cm deep is torn out, on the bottom of which the KP-5 root feeders soaked in water at a temperature of 18-20 ^° C for 10-12 days are laid in length with a continuous tape for 10-12 days. After installing the root feeders, the groove is covered with earth, compacted and spilled with water. By known methods, seedlings of Egyptian flat beets are grown, planted on each plot with the same density.

On the control during the growing season, two top dressings with irrigation water with mineral fertilizers are carried out in total for the active substances, g / m ² : N (nitrogen) -12; P ₂ O ₅ (phosphorus) - 9; K ₂ O (potassium) - 16.

In the fall, 10.2 kg / m ^{2 of} beets were removed from the site with root crops, and 7.8 kg / m ² from the control site.

 The increase in beet yield amounted to 31%.

 Parsley, celery, turnips are grown in the same way, applying the scheme through sowing in autumn, spring or seedlings.

Claims (5)

 1. A method of growing table root crops, including soil preparation with the introduction of organic fertilizers, cutting furrows and sowing seeds or planting seedlings, characterized in that a groove is dug between each two grooves and the root feeders are placed in it in the form of a continuous tape. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use a KP-5 root feeder, which is a diffusion-osmotic dispenser, the body of which is made of a semi-permeable membrane on a paper substrate, and the dosed substance is a complex fertilizer with a ratio of the main nutrition elements N: P ₂ O ₅ : K ₂ O = 1: 1: 1 and with a trace element content of up to 0.1 wt.%.  3. The method according to PP.1 and 2, characterized in that the soil preparation and sowing is carried out in the fall and root crops are laid in the autumn to a depth of 4-5 cm.  4. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the preparation of the soil is carried out in the fall, and sowing or planting in the spring, while root crops are laid to a depth of 5 - 7 cm in the fall. 5. The method according to PP.1 and 2, characterized in that the soil preparation and sowing or planting is carried out in the spring, while before laying the root crops they are kept in water at a temperature of 18 - 20 ^o C for 10 - 12 days.