RU204051U1 - Extruder for the processing of dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymer and building materials to obtain high-quality products. The device contains a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripper, a screw made of a modular design, in the feed zone the auger is made in the form of a conical section, in the dosing zone in the form of successively arranged conical sections and a cylindrical section, and in the compression zone the screw is made in the form of a mixing section and a decompression section in series. The mixing section consists of four horseshoe-shaped blades, located on the auger, rotated 90 ° relative to each other, the blades have a thickness equal to 2 of the coil thickness, the blade gap between the edges of the horseshoe is equal to 0.5 of the outer diameter of the screw, the gap between the blades and the body equal to the gap between the body and the ridge of the turn. The technical result is to ensure the production of new high-quality products by extrusion and coextrusion. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of processing materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymer and building materials to obtain high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779, publ. 03/15/2005, bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder contains a housing, a gripper, a screw, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a dosing zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

The disadvantage of the known design is that in the case of processing dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials, consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary polymer and building materials (secondary polymer mixture), a set of expensive equipment is required for preliminary preparation raw materials (mixers, presses, plasticizers, granulators). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for a known design does not provide a good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing capabilities of the design.

The task of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to a new screw design in the compression zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for the processing of dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripper, a screw made of assembly, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the dosing zone in in the form of successively located conical section and cylindrical section, and in the compression zone the screw is made in the form of successively located mixing section and decompression section. The mixing section consists of four horseshoe-shaped blades located on the auger, rotated 90 degrees relative to each other, the blades have a thickness equal to 2 of the coil thickness, the blade gap between the edges of the horseshoe is equal to 0.5 of the outer diameter of the screw, the gap between the blades and the body equal to the gap between the body and the ridge of the turn. With a smaller blade gap equal to 0.5 of the outer diameter of the screw and the gap between the blades and the housing, uniform mixing of coarse fractions of secondary materials is not ensured and excessive pressure is created in the feed zone, which prevents the mixture from moving, and with large gaps, uniform mixing of fine fractions and filler is not ensured mixtures. When the mixture passes from the barrier section 7 to the decompression section 8, a decrease in pressure occurs, which contributes to the effective removal of volatile compounds. The use of four horseshoe-shaped mixing blades ensures high-quality mixing of reactive fillers and secondary polymer and building materials by creating an additional pressure difference between the blades and the body. With a smaller number of blades, uniform mixing of secondary materials and finely dispersed filler is not ensured, and with a larger number of blades on each side surface of the screw, it is possible to create stagnant zones of materials and fillers, which can lead to their destruction.

The features common to the prototype are:

a body consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper,

prefabricated auger,

in the feeding area the auger is made in the form of a conical section,

in the dosing zone, the screw is made in the form of a conical section and a cylindrical section in series.

Distinctive features of the device are:

the screw in the compression zone is made in the form of a successive mixing section with four blades located on the screw, and a decompression section, the blades have a horseshoe shape,

the blades are located on the auger, rotated 90 degrees relative to each other,

the blades have a thickness equal to 2 of the coil thickness,

the gap of the blades between the edges of the horseshoe is equal to 0.5 of the outer diameter of the screw, the gap between the blades and the body is equal to the gap between the body and the ridge of the coil.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulating) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion and coextrusion.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device.

FIG. 2 shows the mixing section.

The extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripper 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The body consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a dosing zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section. In the compression zone 5, the auger 3 is made of two successive parts: from the mixing section 7 and the decompression section 8. In the dosing zone 6, the auger consists of a conical section 9 and a cylindrical section 10. (Fig. 2) shows a mixing section 7 containing blades 11, having a horseshoe shape with a gap 12 between the edges of the horseshoe, located on the screw, rotated 90 degrees relative to each other, while the mixture passes from the mixing area 13 through the gap between the blades 14 and the housing 1 into the area of free movement of the mixture 15. In section 8 a hole 16 is made to drain highly volatile compounds contained in polymeric materials.

An extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials operates as follows (Fig. 1).

Various dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) are fed by separate dispensers into the gripper 2, captured by the screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, transported in solid form, and compacted in the feed zone 4, then in the zone compression 5 in the mixing section 7 the components of the mixture are mixed, in the decompression section 8 volatile compounds contained in the polymeric materials are removed through the opening 16. The design of the conical section 9 of the dosing zone 6 determines the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops, the cylindrical section 10 of the zone dosing 6 provides pressure stabilization and determines the performance of the extruder.

Example. With a screw diameter of 40 mm and a coil thickness of 2 mm, the blades have a thickness of 4 mm, the blade gap between the edges of the horseshoe is 20 mm, the gap between the blades and the body is equal to the gap between the body and the ridge of the turn. The design dimensions of the auger will be measured with a digital caliper with a measurement accuracy of 0.01 mm.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials allows you to combine preparatory operations (grinding, mixing, filling, heat treatment, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion and coextrusion.

Claims (1)

Extruder for the processing of dissimilar secondary polymer and building materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripper, a screw made of prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the dosing zone the screw is made of two in series located conical section and cylindrical section, characterized in that the screw in the compression zone contains a mixing section with four blades having a horseshoe shape, located on the screw, rotated 90 ° relative to each other, the blades have a thickness equal to 2 times the thickness of the coil, with a blade gap between the edges of the horseshoe, equal to 0.5 of the outer diameter of the screw, and the gap between the blades and the body.

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