RU176688U1 - Extruder for the processing of building and dissimilar polymeric materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing building and polymer materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of building and polymer waste to produce high-quality products. The device comprises a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, an auger made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the metering zone, the screw is made of two conical and cylindrical sections in series, and the screw in the compression zone is made in the form of a barrier section and a four-way mixing section with eight conical mixing blades, each blade on the one hand looking like a pointed tooth, and on the other hand in the form of a triangular troughs. The outer crest of the blade is 0.2 screw diameters, the tooth angle is 90 ° on both sides with a blade width of 0.35 screw diameters for high-quality mixing of the components by creating additional melt compression within the allowable shear deformations. The technical result consists in improving the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the compression zone. 2 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing building and polymer materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of building and polymer waste to produce high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779, publ. March 15, 2005, Bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder comprises a housing, a gripping device, an auger, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a metering zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

A disadvantage of the known construction is that in the case of processing building and polymer materials consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary building and polymer materials (secondary polymer-building mixture), a set of expensive equipment for preliminary preparation of raw materials (mixers, presses, plasticizers, granulators). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for the known design does not give good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing abilities of the design.

The objective of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the compression zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for processing building and polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, an auger made prefabricated, in the feed zone the auger is made in the form of a conical section, in the metering zone the screw is made of two conical and cylindrical sections in series, and the screw in the compression zone is made in the form of a barrier section and a four-way mixing section with eight conical mixing blades, each blade one side looks like a pointed tooth, while with the other hand in the form of triangular depressions. The outer crest of the blade is 0.2 screw diameters, the tooth angle is 90 ° on both sides with a blade width of 0.35 screw diameters for high-quality mixing of the components by creating additional melt compression within the allowable shear deformations. With a lower ratio, a step will be obtained at the exit of the barrier section, which will reduce the quality of mixing of the components. With a larger ratio, the melt will not be able to uniformly move along the extruder and critical shear deformations will form.

Common features with the prototype are:

a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper

prefabricated screw

in the feed zone, the screw is made in the form of a conical section,

in the metering zone, the screw is made of two consecutively arranged conical and cylindrical sections.

Distinctive features of a technical solution are:

the screw in the compression zone is made in the form of eight conical mixing blades placed across the screw, and each blade on the one hand looks like a pointed tooth, and on the other hand in the form of a triangular depression,

the outer ridge of the blade is 0.2 D,

the angle of the tooth on both sides is 90 °,

blade width 0.35 D

the blades form the input channel with low shear deformations, the output channel with high shear deformations, the gap and the inner surface of the blade.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of combined secondary mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulation) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

The extruder for processing building and polymeric materials (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripping device 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The housing consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a metering zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw 3 is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone 5, the screw 3 consists of a barrier section 7 and a mixing section of a multicomponent building and polymer mixture 8. In the zone dosing 6 screw 3 is made of two consecutive parts - conical 9 and cylindrical sections 10. On (Fig. 2) is a part of screw 3 with made mixing blades 11 located in the compression zone 5. Moreover, mixing blades 11 are placed across the screw 12, while the material goes over and from the input channel with low shear deformations 13 into the output channel with high shear deformations 14 through the gap of the blade 15 and the inner part of the mixing blade 11.

The extruder for processing building and polymeric materials works as follows (Fig. 1).

Various construction and polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) are supplied by separate dispensers to the gripper 2, captured by a screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, are transported in solid form and compacted in the supply zone 4, then in zone 5 in the barrier of section 7, the building mixture is moved and the polymer mixture is completely melted, the mixture is created with a temperature that is uniform throughout the volume, in the mixing section of the multicomponent building and polymer melt 8 of the compression zone 5 a uniform dispersing mixing effect occurs, due to the use of a design with eight mixing blades to intensify shear deformations of a multicomponent melt, the conical 9 and cylindrical 10 sections of the metering zone 6 determine the magnitude and stability of the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops.

Example. With a screw diameter of 43 mm, the width of the blade is 15 mm, the outer crest of the blade is 8.6 mm, the angle of the tooth of the blade is 90 °.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of combined secondary construction-polymer mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for the processing of building and polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, the screw in the feed zone is made in the form of a conical section, and in the metering zone, the screw is made of two conical consecutive and cylindrical sections, characterized in that the screw in the compression zone is made in the form of eight mixing blades placed across the screw, and each blade on the one hand looks like a pointed tooth, and on the other on the right side in the form of a triangular hollow, the outer crest of the blade is 0.2 screw diameter, the tooth angle is 90º on both sides with a blade width of 0.35 screw diameter and forming the inlet channel with low shear deformations, the outlet channel with high shear deformations and blade clearance.

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