RU193345U1 - Extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymer waste with obtaining high-quality products. The device comprises a housing consisting of a supply zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripping device, an auger made prefabricated, in the supply zone the auger is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone, the auger is made of two barrier sections and a decompression section, auger in the dosing zone, it is made of two conically located conical and mixing sections made with a turn of the blade in the form of a gear rim, the teeth are located at an equal distance from each other, the height of the teeth of one step, have height equal to the depth of the channel of the coil, the teeth of the other stage have a height equal to 0.5 of the depth of the channel of the coil, and alternate, made with a width equal to the width of the crest of the coil, the input channel is formed between the housing and the inner part of the screw, the output channel is formed between the teeth of the spiral of the screw and the housing, contains the gap between the coil and the housing. The technical result is to ensure the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer and building mixtures and to obtain new high-quality products by extrusion. 2ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymeric waste with obtaining high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779, publ. March 15, 2005, Bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder comprises a housing, a gripping device, an auger, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a metering zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

A disadvantage of the known design is that in the case of processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials, consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary polymeric and building materials (secondary polymer mixture), a set of expensive equipment is necessary for preliminary preparation feedstock (mixers, presses, plasticizers, granulators). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for the known design does not give good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing abilities of the design.

The objective of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the metering zone.

The essence of the technical solution: An extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone, the screw is made of two consecutively arranged barrier sections and decompression sections, the screw in the metering zone is made of two conically arranged conical and mixing sections made with a turn of the blade in the shape of the ring gear, the teeth are located at an equal distance from each other, the height of the teeth of one stage, have a height equal to the depth of the channel of the revolution, the teeth of the other stage have a height equal to 0.5 of the depth of the channel of the revolution, and alternate, made the width equal to the width of the crest of the coil, the input channel formed between the housing and the internal part of the screw, the output channel is formed between the teeth of the screw auger and the housing, contains a gap between the revolution and the housing.

With a smaller height and width of the teeth, uniform mixing of small fractions of secondary materials is not ensured, and with a higher height and width of the teeth it is possible to create critical speeds and shear deformations of materials, which can lead to its destruction.

Common features with the prototype are:

a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper

prefabricated screw

in the feed zone, the screw is made in the form of a conical section,

in the compression zone, the auger is made in the form of successively arranged barrier sections and decompression sections.

Distinctive features of the device are:

in the metering zone, the auger is made of two conically located conical and mixing sections with a turn of the blade in the form of a gear ring, the teeth are located at an equal distance from each other, the height of the tooth alternate with each other,

the teeth are equally spaced from each other,

the height of the teeth of one step is equal to the depth of the coil channel,

the height of the teeth of another stage equal to 0.5 of the depth of the channel of the revolution,

the teeth have a width equal to the width of the crest of the coil.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer and building mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulating) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device.

In FIG. 2 shows a mixing section.

The extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripping device 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The housing consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a metering zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section. In the compression zone 5, the screw consists of a barrier section 7 and a decompression section 8. In the metering zone 6, the screw is made of two conical 9 and mixing 10 sections in which conical partitions are made on the side surface of the screw. In (Fig. 2), a mixing section 10 with a turn of a blade in the form of a ring gear 11 is shown, the teeth are equally spaced from each other, the height of the teeth of one stage 12 alternates with the height of the teeth of the other stage 13, while the mixture of polymer and building materials passes from the input channel with low shear deformations 14, formed between the housing and the inner part of the screw into the output channel with high shear deformations 15, formed between the teeth of the screw auger and the body, through the gap between the coil and the body 16.

An extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric and building materials works as follows (Fig. 1).

Various polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) and building materials waste are fed by separate dispensers to the gripper 2, captured by a screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, are transported in solid form, mixed, and compacted in the feed zone 4, then in the compression zone 5 in the barrier section 7, the polymer mixture is completely melted, in the decompression section of the secondary polymer melt 8 of the compression zone 5, the volatile compounds contained in the waste are removed, the conical section 9 of the metering zone 6 determines the magnitude and stability of the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops, the mixing section 10 of the metering zone 6 with teeth having different heights and alternating between them ensures uniform mixing of the components in the molten form. A mixture of polymeric and building materials passes from the input channel with low shear deformations 14 to the output channel with high shear deformations 15 through the gap between the turn and the housing 16.

Example. With a screw channel channel depth of 8 mm in the feed zone and a coil crest width of 6 mm, the teeth of one stage have a height of 8 mm, the teeth of the other stage have a height equal to 0.5 of the coil channel depth, and the width is equal to the width of the coil crest.

Using the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer and building mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymeric and building materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripper, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made of two in series located barrier section and decompression section, characterized in that in the metering zone the screw is made of two consecutively arranged conical and mixing sections, made with a turn of the blade in the form of teeth of the crown, the teeth are equally spaced, the height of the teeth of one step is equal to the depth of the channel of the revolution, the height of the teeth of the other stage is 0.5 the depth of the channel of the revolution, the height of the teeth of one stage alternates with the height of the teeth of the other stage, the teeth have a width equal to the width of the crest a turn, an inlet channel is formed between the housing and the inside of the screw, an outlet channel is formed between the teeth of the turn of the screw and the case, a gap is formed between the turn and the case.

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