RU199625U1 - Biological Material Extruder - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of biological materials to obtain high-quality products. The device includes a body consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripper, an auger made of assembly, in the feed zone the auger is made in the form of a conical section, in a compression zone - in the form of successively arranged conical and cylindrical sections, and in the dosing zone the screw is made of two sequentially located decompression sections and a mixing section with conical toothed mixing blades, and their geometry is made in the form of a triangular shape. The width and height of the triangular teeth of the blade is 0.2 of the screw diameter. The body in the mixing section has rectangular grooves located at an equal distance from each other along the body. The width and height of the rectangular grooves in the body are equal to 0.2 of the screw diameter. The technical result consists in improving the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the dosing zone. 2 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to the processing of materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of biological materials to obtain high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (UA patent No. 5779, publ. 03/15/2005, bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder contains a housing, a gripper, a screw, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a dosing zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

The disadvantage of the known design is that in the case of processing biological materials consisting of secondary, primary biological raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components required for biological materials (biological mixture), a set of expensive equipment is required for preliminary preparation of raw materials (grinders, mixers, press, thermal installations). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for a known design does not give a good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing capabilities of the design.

The task of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the dosing zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for the processing of biological materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripper, a screw made of prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone in the form of a conical and a cylindrical section, and in the dosing zone the screw is made of two sequentially located decompression sections and a mixing section with conical tooth-shaped mixing blades, and their geometry is made in the form of a triangular shape. The width and height of the triangular teeth of the blade is 0.2 of the screw diameter. The body in the mixing section has rectangular grooves located at an equal distance from each other along the body. The width and height of the rectangular grooves in the body are equal to 0.2 of the screw diameter.

At a lower height and width of the blades and slots of the housing, uniform movement of large fractions of biological materials is not ensured, and at a higher height and width of the blades, the creation of the necessary pressure in the extruder is not ensured, which will complicate the advancement of the mixture and uniform mixing of small fractions. The use of conical toothed mixing blades ensures high-quality mixing of plant and stone fruit raw materials due to the creation of additional pressure between the blades and the body.

The features common to the prototype are:

a body consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripping device,

modular auger,

in the feed area, the auger is made in the form of a conical section,

in the compression zone, the screw is made in the form of successively arranged conical and cylindrical sections.

Distinctive features of the device are:

in the mixing section of the dosing zone, the screw is made with conical toothed mixing blades, and their geometry is made in the form of a triangular shape,

the width and height of the triangular teeth of the blade is equal to 0.2 of the screw diameter,

the blades are equidistant from each other,

blades are placed at an angle of 45 degrees to the propeller,

the housing in the mixing section of the dosing zone has rectangular grooves located at an equal distance from each other along the housing, the width and height of the rectangular grooves in the housing is equal to 0.2 of the screw diameter.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of biological mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (grinding, filling, pressing, mixing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device.

FIG. 2 shows the mixing section of the device.

The extruder for processing biological materials (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripper 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The body consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a dosing zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section. In the compression zone 5, the screw consists of a conical section 7 and a cylindrical section 8. In the dosing zone 6, the screw is made of two successively located decompression sections 9 and a mixing section 10. In (Fig. 2) a mixing section 10 is shown containing conical tooth-shaped mixing blades 11 of a triangular shape, placed at an angle of 45 degrees to the screw 12 at an equal distance from each other, while the mixture of biological materials passes from the inlet channel with low shear deformations 13 between with a housing having rectangular grooves 14, located at an equal distance from each other along the housing, and the outer side part of the toothed blade, into the outlet channel with high shear deformations 15 between the body and the inner side part of the toothed blade through the gap 16 between the housing and the upper part of the blade. The implementation of the mixing blades of a triangular shape in comparison with other forms of mixing blades provides better mixing of the microparticles of the components by creating additional compression of the mixture composition within the limits of permissible shear deformations.

An extruder for processing biological materials operates as follows (Fig. 1).

Various biological materials are fed by separate dispensers into the gripper 2, captured by the screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, transported in solid form, mixed, and compacted in the feeding zone 4, then in the compression zone 5 in the conical section 7 pressure is created and the biological mixture in the cylindrical section 8 of the compression zone 5, the conical section 9 of the dosing zone 6 determines the magnitude and stability of the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops, the mixing section 10 of the dosing zone 6 with conical tooth-shaped mixing blades, and their geometry is made in the form of a triangular shape 11, and the body has rectangular grooves, ensures uniform mixing of components.

In section 8, through the outlet channel 17, highly volatile compounds that are contained in biological materials are removed.

Example. With a screw diameter of 20 mm, the height and width of the triangular toothed blades is 4 mm, and the width and height of the rectangular grooves in the body are 4 mm. The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of biological mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (grinding, filling, mixing, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products and materials by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for the processing of biological materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripper, a screw made of a prefabricated one, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone, the screw is made of two successively arranged conical and cylindrical sections, in the dosing zone the screw is made of two successively arranged conical and mixing sections, characterized in that in the mixing section of the dosing zone the screw is made with conical tooth-shaped mixing blades, and their geometry is made in the form of a triangular shape, placed at an angle of 45 ° to the screw , the width and height of the triangular teeth of the blade is equal to 0.2 of the screw diameter, the body in the mixing section has rectangular grooves located at an equal distance from each other along the body, the width and height of the rectangular grooves of the body is 0.2 of the screw diameter, forming an inlet channel between the body and the lateral part of a rectangular blade with low and shear deformations, the outlet channel between the body and the side part of the toothed blade with high shear deformations, and the gap between the top of the blade and the body.

Images