RU203523U1 - Extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymer materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing of polymer materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymer waste to obtain high-quality products. The device contains a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripper, a prefabricated screw, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made in the form of a sequentially located barrier section and a decompression section, and in In the dosing zone, the screw is made of two successively located conical and mixing sections with eight continuous mixing blades of a square shape. The width and height of the blades is equal to 0.5 of the screw diameter, the blades are located at the same distance from each other, equal to 0.05 of the screw diameter. The technical result consists in providing an opportunity, when processing dissimilar secondary polymer mixtures, to combine preparatory operations and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion by using successively located conical and mixing sections with a special design of blades in the dosing zone. 2 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing of polymer materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymer waste to obtain high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779, publ. 03/15/2005, bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder contains a housing, a gripper, a screw, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a dosing zone made of successive conical and mixing sections.

The disadvantage of the known design is that in the case of processing dissimilar secondary polymeric materials consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary polymeric materials (secondary polymer mixture), a set of expensive equipment is required for preliminary preparation of raw materials ( mixers, presses, plasticizers, granulators). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for a known design does not provide a good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing capabilities of the design.

The task of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the dosing zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for the processing of dissimilar secondary polymer materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripper, a screw made of assembly, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made in the form of a sequentially located barrier section and a decompression section, and in the dosing zone the screw is made of two successively located conical and mixing sections with eight continuous mixing blades of a square shape. The width and height of the blades is equal to 0.5 of the screw diameter, the blades are located at the same distance from each other equal to 0.05 of the screw diameter. At a lower height and width of the blades, uniform movement of small fractions of secondary polymer materials is not ensured, and at a higher height and width of the blades, the creation of the necessary pressure in the extruder is not ensured, which will complicate the advancement of the mixture and uniform mixing of small fractions.

The features common to the prototype are:

a body consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper,

prefabricated auger,

in the feeding area, the auger is made in the form of a conical section,

in the compression zone, the screw is made in the form of a sequentially located barrier section and a decompression section.

Distinctive features of the device are:

in the dosing zone, the auger is made with eight continuous mixing blades of a square shape,

the width and height of the blades is equal to 0.5 of the screw diameter,

the blades are located at the same distance from each other, equal to 0.05 of the screw diameter,

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of dissimilar secondary polymer mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulating) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

FIG. 1 shows a general view of the device.

FIG. 2 shows the mixing section of the device

The extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymeric materials (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripper 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The body consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a dosing zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section. In the compression zone 5, the auger consists of a barrier section 7 and a decompression section 8. In the dosing zone 6, the auger is made of two successively arranged conical 9 and mixing 10 sections. In (Fig. 2), a mixing section 10 is shown, containing eight continuous square mixing blades 11, and the width and height of the blades is equal to 0.5 of the screw diameter, placed on the screw 12 at the same distance from each other, equal to 0.05 of the screw diameter, with this, the mixture of polymeric materials passes from the inlet channel with low shear deformations 13 between the housing 1 and the side part of the square blade 11 in the direction of rotation of the propeller, into the outlet channel with high shear deformations 14 between the body 1 and the side part of the square blade 11 against the rotation of the propeller and through the gap 15 between the housing 1 and the lower part of the blade 11. The implementation of the mixing blades of a square shape in comparison with other forms of mixing blades provides better mixing of the microparticles of the components by creating additional compression of the melt within the limits of permissible shear deformations.

When the number of blades is less than eight, the mixing of fine fractions of a dissimilar polymer melt is poor, as a result, the homogeneity of the melt will not be ensured, and with an increase in the mixing blades of more than eight, the channels become too small to move large fractions of secondary polymer material along the channel, as a result, the melt will not be able to move on the extruder.

An extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymer materials operates as follows (Fig. 1).

Various polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) are fed by separate dispensers into the gripper 2, captured by the screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, transported in solid form, mixed, and compacted in the feed zone 4, then in the compression zone 5 in the barrier section 7, the polymer mixture is completely melted, in the decompression section of the secondary polymer melt 8 of the compression zone 5, highly volatile compounds contained in the waste are removed, the conical section 9 of the dosing zone 6 determine the magnitude and stability of the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops, the mixing section 10 dosing zones 6 with eight continuous mixing blades of a square shape, the width and height of the blades equal to 0.5 of the screw diameter, placed on the screw 12 at the same distance from each other, equal to 0.05 of the screw diameter, ensures uniform mixing of the components in the molten form.

Example. With a screw diameter of 40 mm, the height and width of the square blades is 20 mm, the distance between the blades is 2 mm.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of dissimilar secondary polymer mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion by using successively located conical and mixing sections with a special design of blades in the dosing zone.

Claims (1)

Extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripper, a screw made of a prefabricated one, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made of two sequentially located barrier sections and sections of decompression, in the dosing zone the screw is made of two successively located conical and mixing sections, characterized in that in the dosing zone the screw is made with eight continuous mixing blades of a square shape, and the width and height of the blades is equal to 0.5 of the screw diameter, located on the same distance from each other, equal to 0.05 of the screw diameter, forming an inlet channel with low shear deformations between the body and the side part of the square blade in the direction of rotation of the propeller, an outlet channel with high shear deformations between the body and the side part of the square blade against the direction of rotation of the propeller, and gap between bottom part of the blade and the body.

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