RU197084U1 - Extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymeric waste with obtaining high-quality products. An extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials includes a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made in the form of a series of barrier sections and decompression sections, in the metering zone the screw is made of two conically and conical mixing sections, and in the metering zone the screw is made with four intermittent mixing blades The geometry of two of them is made in the form of a square shape, and the other two blades in the form of a rectangular shape. The width and height of the square blades is 0.3 diameter of the screw. The width of the rectangular blades is 0.75 of the diameter of the screw, and the height is equal to the height of the square blades. The technical result is to provide better mixing of the microparticles of the components by creating additional compression of the melt within the allowable shear deformations. 2 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymeric waste with obtaining high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779, publ. March 15, 2005, Bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder comprises a housing, a gripping device, an auger, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a metering zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

A disadvantage of the known construction is that in the case of processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary polymeric materials (secondary polymeric mixture), a set of expensive equipment is required for preliminary preparation of the initial raw materials (mixers , press, plasticizers, granulators). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for the known design does not give good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing abilities of the design.

The objective of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the metering zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripper, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made in in the form of consecutively located barrier sections and decompression sections, moreover, in the metering zone, the screw is made of two consecutively arranged conical and mixing sections with four intermittent blades Nia, the geometry of the two of them is formed as a square shape, and the other two blades of a rectangular shape. The width and height of the square blades is 0.3 diameter of the screw. The width of the rectangular blades is 0.75 of the diameter of the screw, and the height is equal to the height of the square blades.

At a lower height and width of the blades, the uniform movement of small fractions of secondary polymer materials is not provided, and at a higher height and width of the blades, the necessary pressure is not provided in the extruder, which will complicate the movement of the mixture and uniform mixing of small fractions. Common features with the prototype are:

a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper

prefabricated screw

in the feed zone, the screw is made in the form of a conical section,

in the compression zone, the auger is made in the form of successively arranged barrier sections and decompression sections.

Distinctive features of the device are:

in the metering zone, the screw is made of four intermittent mixing blades, the geometry of two of them made in the form of a square shape, and the other two blades in the form of a rectangular shape,

the width and height of the square blades is equal to 0.3 of the diameter of the screw,

the width of the rectangular blades is 0.75 screw diameter,

the height of the rectangular blades is equal to the height of the square blades,

the blades are equally spaced from each other,

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer blends allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulating) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device.

In FIG. 1 shows a mixing section of an extruder device for processing dissimilar secondary polymeric materials (Fig. 1) comprises a housing 1, a gripping device 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The housing consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a metering zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section. In the compression zone 5, the screw consists of a barrier section 7 and a decompression section 8. In the metering zone 6, the screw is made of two conical 9 and mixing 10 sections in series. On (Fig. 2) presents the mixing section 10, containing four discontinuous mixing blades, the geometry of two of them made in the form of a square shape 11, and the other two blades in the form of a rectangular shape 12, placed across the screw 13 at an equal distance from each other, the mixture of polymeric materials passes from the input channel with low shear deformations 14 between the body and the side of the rectangular blade, into the output channel with high shear deformations 15 between the body and the side of the square blade h the gap 16 between the housing and the lower part of the blade. The implementation of the mixing blades square and rectangular in comparison with other forms of mixing blades provides better mixing of the microparticles of the components by creating additional compression of the melt within the allowable shear deformations.

The extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials works as follows (Fig. 1).

Various polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) are supplied by separate dispensers to the gripper 2, captured by a screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, are transported in solid form, mixed, and compacted in the supply zone 4, then in the compression zone 5 in the barrier section 7, the polymer mixture is completely melted, in the decompression section of the secondary polymer melt 8 of the compression zone 5, the volatile compounds contained in the waste are removed, the conical section 9 of the dosage zone 6 determine the magnitude and stability of the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops, the mixing section 10 of the metering zone 6 with four discontinuous mixing blades, the geometry of two of them being made in the form of a square shape 11, and the other two blades made in the form of a rectangular shape 12 ensures uniform mixing the components in molten form.

Example. With a screw diameter of 43 mm, the height and width of the square blades is 10.25 mm, the height of the rectangular blades is 10.25 mm and the width is 32.25 mm. The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer blends allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer blends allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulating) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made of two consecutive barrier sections and decompression sections, in the dosing zone, the screw is made of two conical and mixing sections in series, characterized in that in the dosing zone the screw is made with four intermittent mixing blades, and the geometry of two of them is made in the form of a square shape, the width and height of which is 0.3 screw diameters, and the other two blades in the form of a rectangular shape, whose width is 0.75 of the screw diameter, and the height is equal to the height of the square blades, forming an input channel with low shear deformations between the body and the side of the rectangular blade, an output channel with high shear deformations between the body and the side of the square blade and the gap between the lower part of the blade and the body.

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