RU193817U1 - Extruder for processing dissimilar secondary polymeric materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymeric waste with obtaining high-quality products. The device comprises a housing consisting of a supply zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone, a gripping device, an auger made prefabricated, in the supply zone the auger is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the auger is made in the form of a consecutive barrier section and a decompression section, and the metering zone, the screw is made of two conically arranged conical and mixing sections with spherical partitions on the side surface of the screw, located at an equal distance from each other, the partitions have a height, equal to 0.5 depth of the channel of the coil, and a width equal to the width of the crest of the coil. The technical result consists in providing the possibility of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion. 2 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymer waste to produce high-quality products.

Known extruder for the processing of thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779, publ. March 15, 2005, Bull. No. 3), selected as a prototype. The extruder comprises a housing, a gripping device, an auger, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a metering zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

A disadvantage of the known construction is that in the case of processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary polymeric materials (secondary polymeric mixture), a set of expensive equipment is necessary for preliminary preparation of initial raw materials (mixers , press, plasticizers, granulators). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for the known design does not give good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing abilities of the design.

The objective of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the metering zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripper, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made in in the form of consecutively located barrier sections and decompression sections, and in the metering zone, the screw is made of two consecutively arranged conical and mixing sections with spherical partitions on the side the surface of the screw, located at an equal distance from each other, the partitions have a height equal to 0.5 of the depth of the channel of the coil, and a width equal to the width of the crest of the coil. With a smaller height and width of the partitions, uniform mixing of small fractions of secondary materials is not provided, and with a greater height and width of the partitions, it is possible to create critical velocities and shear deformations of materials, which can lead to its destruction.

Common features with the prototype are:

a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper

prefabricated screw

in the feed zone, the screw is made in the form of a conical section,

in the compression zone, the auger is made in the form of successively arranged barrier sections and decompression sections.

Distinctive features of the device are:

in the metering zone, the auger is made of two conically arranged conical and mixing sections with spherical partitions on the side surface of the auger,

the partitions are located at an equal distance from each other,

the partitions have a height equal to 0.5 of the depth of the channel of the revolution,

the partitions have a width equal to the width of the crest of the coil.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulating) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the device.

In FIG. 2 shows a mixing section.

The extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripping device 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The housing consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a metering zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section. In the compression zone 5, the screw consists of a barrier section 7 and a decompression section 8. In the metering zone 6, the screw is made of two conical 9 and mixing 10 sections with conical partitions on the side surface of the screw. In (Fig. 2), a mixing section 10 with spherical baffles 11 on the side surface of the screw, placed at an angle of 90 ° to the turn 12, at an equal distance from each other, the mixture of polymer materials passes from the input channel with low shear deformations 13 in the output channel with high shear deformations 14 through the gap 15 between the housing 1 and the coil 12.

The extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials works as follows (Fig. 1).

Various polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) are supplied by separate dispensers to the gripper 2, captured by a screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, are transported in solid form, mixed, and compacted in the supply zone 4, then in the compression zone 5 in the barrier section 7, the polymer mixture is completely melted, in the decompression section of the secondary polymer melt 8 of the compression zone 5, the volatile compounds contained in the waste are removed, the conical section 9 of the dosage zone Ia 6 define the size and pressure stability and performance, which develops an extruder, mixing with spherical baffles 11 on the lateral surface 3 of the screw section 10 dosing zone 6 provides uniform mixing of the components in molten form. The mixture of polymeric materials passes from the input channel with low shear deformations 13 to the output channel with high shear deformations 14 through the gap 15 between the housing 1 and the coil 12.

Example. With a screw channel depth in the feed zone of 8 mm and a coil crest width of 10 mm, the partitions have a height of 4 mm and a width of 10 mm, a height equal to 0.5 of the coil channel depth and a width equal to the width of the coil crest. The smaller dimensions of the partition 11 will lead to the appearance of a step at the exit of the barrier section, which will reduce the quality of the mixing of the components. With large sizes, the melt will not be able to uniformly move along the extruder and critical shear deformations are formed.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of heterogeneous secondary polymer mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for processing heterogeneous secondary polymeric materials, comprising a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone the screw is made of two consecutive barrier sections and decompression sections, characterized in that in the metering zone the screw is made of two conically arranged conical and mixing sections with spherical partitions on the side surface of the screw ka, located at an equal distance from each other, the partitions have a height equal to 0.5 of the depth of the channel of the coil, and a width equal to the width of the crest of the coil, and forming the input channel with low shear deformations, the output channel with high shear deformations and the gap between the housing and coil.

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