RU173207U1 - Extruder for the processing of building and polymer materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing building and polymer materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of building and polymer waste to produce high-quality products. The device comprises a housing consisting of a supply zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, an auger made prefabricated, and consisting of a barrier section and a decompression section in a compression zone, in a metering zone made of conical and cylindrical sections arranged in series, in a power zone the screw is made in the form of a cylinder with 3-9 intermittent curved mixing coils 2-5% thick of the length of the feed zone, and the geometry of the coil is made in the form of four curved parts, which are alternately directed opposite each other gu. The technical result consists in providing new high-quality products by extrusion. 2 ill.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing building and polymer materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of building and polymer waste to produce high-quality products.

A known extruder for processing thermoplastics, selected as a prototype, which contains a housing consisting of a supply zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripper and a screw made prefabricated, and in the supply zone is made conical, in the compression zone consists of a barrier section and section decompression, and in the metering zone the screw is made of conical and cylindrical sections arranged in series, [patent UA No. 5779, publ. March 15, 2005, Bull. Number 3].

A disadvantage of the known design is that in the case of processing building and polymeric materials consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary building and polymeric materials (secondary polymer-building mix) a set of expensive equipment is necessary for preliminary preparation feedstock (mixers, plasticizers, granulators, press). The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for the known design does not give good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing abilities of the design.

The objective of the technical solution is to improve the extruder by changing the design of the screw in the feed zone.

The essence of the technical solution: An extruder for processing building and polymeric materials, contains a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripper, a screw made prefabricated, and consisting of a barrier section and a decompression section in the compression zone, in the metering zone of conical and cylindrical sections arranged in series in the feed zone, the screw is made in the form of a cylinder with 3-9 intermittent curved mixing turns 2-5% thick of the length of the feed zone, the geometry of the coil being ene in the form of four curved portions that are alternately directed opposite to each other.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of combined secondary construction-polymer mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Common features with the prototype are:

a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper

prefabricated screw

the screw in the compression zone consists of a barrier section and a decompression section,

the screw in the dispensing zone is made of conical and cylindrical sections arranged in series.

Distinctive features of a technical solution are:

the screw in the feed zone is made in the form of a cylinder with 3-9 intermittent curved turns of mixing,

the thickness of the coil is 2-5% of the length of the power zone,

the geometry of the coil is made in the form of four curved parts, which are alternately directed opposite each other.

The combination of essential features provides the opportunity to obtain new high-quality products by extrusion.

The device (Fig. 1) contains a housing 1, a gripping device 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The housing consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a metering zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a cylinder with curved intermittent mixing turns. In the compression zone 5, the screw consists of a barrier section 7 and a decompression section 8. In the metering zone 6, the screw is made up of conical 9 and cylindrical sections 10 located in series. Fig. 2 shows a view of the screw 3 in the feeding zone 4 with intermittent mixing turns 11, the turns are alternately directed opposite each other, which is optimal for high-quality mixing of dissimilar secondary building and polymeric materials. The number of turns of screw 3 in the feed zone 4 can be from 3 to 9. When the number is less than 3, the mixing of the multicomponent polymer-polymer melt is of poor quality, and with the increase in the spirals of mixing more than 9, the channels of the mixing coil become too small to move the secondary polymer-polymer material along the channel . The thickness of the coil depends on the length of the feed zone and should be 2-5% of its length, which will ensure optimal mixing quality. With a lower ratio, the melt will not be homogeneous, and with a larger ratio, the melt will not be able to move along the extruder. The bending radius of the screw turns is from 10 mm to 22 mm and is determined by the diameter of the screw 3.

The extruder for processing building and polymeric materials works as follows.

Various finely dispersed building and polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) are fed into the housing 1 by separate dispensers into a gripper 2, captured by a screw 3, which rotates, and are transported in solid form, uniformly mixed and compacted in the channel of the supply zone 4, due to the implementation of the screw 3 in the feed zone 4 in the form of a cylinder with curved discontinuous mixing turns alternately directed to each other 11 in the channel of the barrier section 7 of the compression zone 5 is completely melted building-polymer mixture, creating a mass with a temperature that is uniform throughout the volume, by using the barrier section 7, in the decompression section 8 of the compression zone 5, the volatile compounds contained in the waste are removed through the use of a structure with a partially filled flow channel and a ventilation hole in the housing 1, the conical 9 and cylindrical 10 sections of the metering zone 6 determine the magnitude and stability of the pressure and productivity that the extruder develops.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of combined secondary construction-polymer mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for processing building and polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, and consisting of a barrier section and a decompression section in the compression zone, in the metering zone made of conically arranged and a cylindrical section, characterized in that in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a cylinder with 3-9 intermittent curved mixing turns 2-5% thick of the length of the feed zone, the geometry of the coil being made in de four curved portions that are alternately directed opposite to each other.

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