RU2014128614A - Выхлопная система для двигателя ic, работающего на бедных смесях, содержащая компонент pgm и катализатор scr - Google Patents
Выхлопная система для двигателя ic, работающего на бедных смесях, содержащая компонент pgm и катализатор scr Download PDFInfo
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- RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A RU 2014128614 A RU2014128614 A RU 2014128614A
- Authority
- RU
- Russia
- Prior art keywords
- monolithic substrate
- exhaust system
- pgm
- monolithic
- vaporized
- Prior art date
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract 46
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 239000002987 primer (paints) Substances 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- QWDUNBOWGVRUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-chloro-2-nitrophenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O QWDUNBOWGVRUCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate silencers in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
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- F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
- F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F01N3/103—Oxidation catalysts for HC and CO only
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- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
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- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Y10S502/516—Metal contaminant removal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S502/00—Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process of making
- Y10S502/521—Metal contaminant passivation
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Abstract
1. Выхлопная система для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, включающая:(а) первую монолитную подложку, содержащую катализатор SCR;(b) по меньшей мере, одну вторую монолитную подложку, содержащую каталитическое грунтовочное покрытие, содержащее, по меньшей мере, один металл платиновой группы (PGM), при этом указанная, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка расположена по потоку до первой монолитной подложки; и(с) третью монолитную подложку, расположенную между первой монолитной подложкой и (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой,при этом, по меньшей мере, один PGM на (каждой) второй монолитной подложке подвержен испарению, когда (каждая) вторая монолитная подложка оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, и при этом, третья монолитная подложка включает, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM.2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является, по меньшей мере, одним оксидом металла.3. Выхлопная система по п. 1 или 2, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает оксид металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида алюминия, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида циркония, необязательно, стабилизированного смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смесей из любых двух или нескольких из них.4. Выхлопная система по п. 3, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является компонентом грунтовочного покрытия, нанесенного на третью монолитную подложку.5. Выхлопная си
Claims (23)
1. Выхлопная система для автомобильного двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, включающая:
(а) первую монолитную подложку, содержащую катализатор SCR;
(b) по меньшей мере, одну вторую монолитную подложку, содержащую каталитическое грунтовочное покрытие, содержащее, по меньшей мере, один металл платиновой группы (PGM), при этом указанная, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка расположена по потоку до первой монолитной подложки; и
(с) третью монолитную подложку, расположенную между первой монолитной подложкой и (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой,
при этом, по меньшей мере, один PGM на (каждой) второй монолитной подложке подвержен испарению, когда (каждая) вторая монолитная подложка оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, и при этом, третья монолитная подложка включает, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM.
2. Выхлопная система по п. 1, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является, по меньшей мере, одним оксидом металла.
3. Выхлопная система по п. 1 или 2, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает оксид металла, выбранный из группы, состоящей из, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида алюминия, необязательно, стабилизированного оксида циркония, необязательно, стабилизированного смешанного оксида церия-циркония и смесей из любых двух или нескольких из них.
4. Выхлопная система по п. 3, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM является компонентом грунтовочного покрытия, нанесенного на третью монолитную подложку.
5. Выхлопная система по п. 1, 2 или 4, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна вторая монолитная подложка содержит платину.
6. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой PGM компонент грунтовочного покрытия на, по меньшей мере, одной второй подложке включает и платину, и палладий.
7. Выхлопная система по п. 5, в которой весовое отношение Pt:Pd≤2.
8. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6 или 7, в которой, по меньшей мере, один материал для улавливания испарившегося PGM третьей монолитной подложки включает каталитическую композицию, содержащую, по меньшей мере, один металл, выбранный из группы, состоящей из палладия, меди, серебра, золота и сочетаний любых двух или более из них, нанесенную на, по меньшей мере, один материал-носитель.
9. Выхлопная система по п. 8, в которой грунтовка третьей монолитной подложки включает грунтовочное покрытие, содержащие и платину, и палладий в более низком весовом отношении Pt:Pd, чем (каждая) грунтовка (каждой) второй монолитной подложки.
10. Выхлопная система по п. 9, в которой весовое отношение Pt:Pd в грунтовочном покрытии третьей монолитной подложки ≤2.
11. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9 или 10, включающая средство для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между первой монолитной подложкой и второй монолитной подложкой.
12. Выхлопная система по п. 11, в которой средство для инжекции предназначено для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между (каждой) второй монолитной подложкой и третьей монолитной подложкой.
13. Выхлопная система по п. 11, в которой средство для инжекции предназначено для инжекции азотистого восстановителя или его прекурсора в поток выхлопного газа между третьей монолитной подложкой и первой монолитной подложкой.
14. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна или каждая вторая монолитная подложка индивидуально подобрана из катализатора окисления и катализатора-абсорбера NOx (NAC).
15. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой, по меньшей мере, одна или каждая вторая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтрующую монолитную подложку, имеющую входные поверхности и выходные поверхности, при этом, входные поверхности отделены от выходных поверхностей пористой структурой.
16. Выхлопная система по любому из пп. 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 12 или 13, в которой первая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтрующую монолитную подложку, имеющую входные поверхности и выходные поверхности, при этом, входные поверхности отделены от выходных поверхностей пористой структурой.
17. Выхлопная система по п. 15, в которой фильтрующая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтр пристеночного течения.
18. Выхлопная система по п. 16, в которой фильтрующая монолитная подложка представляет собой фильтр пристеночного течения.
19. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания, работающий на бедных смесях, включающий выхлопную систему по любому из предшествующих пунктов.
20. Двигатель внутреннего сгорания с воспламенением от сжатия по п. 19.
21. Двигатель по п. 19 или 20, включающий средство управления двигателем, которое при использовании обеспечивает контакт, по меньшей мере, одной второй монолитной подложки с обогащенным выхлопным газом с целью образования аммиака на месте.
22. Автомобиль, включающий двигатель по любому из пп. 19, 20 или 21.
23 Способ уменьшения или предотвращения отравления катализатора селективного каталитического восстановления (SCR), расположенного на первой монолитной подложке в выхлопной системе двигателя внутреннего сгорания, работающего на бедных смесях, металлом платиновой группы (PGM), который может испаряться из содержащей PGM каталитической композиции, расположенной на, по меньшей мере, одной второй монолитной подложке по потоку до катализатора SCR, когда содержащая PGM каталитическая композиция оказывается в относительно жестких условиях, включая относительно высокие температуры, каковой способ включает адсорбцию испарившегося PGM, по меньшей мере, одним улавливающим PGM материалом, который расположен на третьей монолитной подложке.
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GB201200781D0 (en) | 2012-02-29 |
DE102012025751A1 (de) | 2015-07-30 |
KR20140110933A (ko) | 2014-09-17 |
DE102012222806A1 (de) | 2013-06-27 |
BR112014013244A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
GB2507689B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
RU2620474C2 (ru) | 2017-05-25 |
GB2497658B (en) | 2015-05-27 |
CN105561786B (zh) | 2018-10-02 |
CN105561786A (zh) | 2016-05-11 |
BR112014013244A8 (pt) | 2019-01-22 |
JP2015507116A (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
GB2497658A (en) | 2013-06-19 |
EP2790815B1 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
WO2013088132A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
CN104010715A (zh) | 2014-08-27 |
US20130149222A1 (en) | 2013-06-13 |
US8668891B2 (en) | 2014-03-11 |
GB201222277D0 (en) | 2013-01-23 |
GB201402435D0 (en) | 2014-03-26 |
EP2790815A1 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
GB2507689A (en) | 2014-05-07 |
US20140186245A1 (en) | 2014-07-03 |
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