RU119365U1 - LARGE BLOCK BUILDING - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Large-block building, including internal and external walls in the form of large blocks, floor slabs, with strapping belts at the level of floors and at the junction of large blocks of walls and floor slabs, characterized in that the strapping belt of the inner walls is made of monolithic, and the outer walls are made in the form of a precast-monolithic structure, the prefabricated elements of the strapping belt and the floor slabs adjacent to the monolithic section of the strapping belt are the mounting support for the upstream wall large blocks, and the monolithic sections of the strapping belt and monolithic vertical and horizontal channels in the walls and floors through reinforcing tie rods located in them, they connect the prefabricated elements of the walls and floors of the building into one structure. ! 2. Large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolithic vertical channels can be located in the vertical voids of large wall blocks. ! 3. Large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolithic vertical channels can be located at vertical joints between large wall blocks. ! 4. Large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal monolithic channels can be located at the seams between the floor slabs. ! 5. Large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that large blocks of inner and outer walls, floor slabs are made by the method of formwork-free molding. ! 6. Large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that large blocks of inner and outer walls, floor slabs have dowels at the ends of the products. ! 7. Large-block building according to claim 6, characterized in that large blocks of internal and external walls, slabs

Description

The utility model relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of buildings, in large-block housing construction.

A useful model is known in which the junction of the crossbar and the column, including the crossbars containing hollow beams made by formless molding with protrusions, and the column having bare reinforcement at the points of connection with the crossbar, has crossbars containing spatial frames, and the connection of the crossbars with the column made using additional reinforcement passing through the spatial frameworks of the crossbars, while the beams are filled with concrete in places where additional reinforcement passes, in addition, all connections are not made Varna. Hollow beams of crossbars have an internal surface with notches. (RF patent No. 96138, IPC E04B 1/61, publication date 07/20/2010).

A useful model is known in which the frame of buildings and structures containing reinforced concrete columns with openings at the floor level, reinforced concrete crossbars rigidly interconnected, and floor slabs, while the crossbars are made precast-monolithic in the form of spatial bodies with a precast prestressed lower part, having a tray-like shape, on the inner surface of which is made at least one wedge-shaped protrusion made by formless molding, and monolithic upper part in the form of mon litnogo concrete belt, the lower part of which is placed in the tray, and the top - between the ends of the plates (RF patent №96143, IPC E04C 3/00, publication date 20.07.2010)

The disadvantage of these technical solutions lies in the fact that the design of a precast-monolithic frame is capable of absorbing design loads only after casting crossbars of design strength with monolithic concrete, which increases the installation time of the frame, and also, unlike the lower chute part of the crossbar and floor slabs, which can be manufactured on an industrial formless molding line, the columns of the frame are individual and are not manufactured using formless molding technology, but in a special metal cal formosnastke that requires readjustment when changing the height of the floor or section of the column, as well as additional process equipment in addition to the line bezopalubovochnogo molding, which also increases the complexity and manufacturing of metal columns. In addition, the frame structures of prefabricated houses, with a number of storeys up to 12-14 floors, are usually more expensive and time-consuming than prefabricated houses according to the wall structural scheme.

A prefabricated panel building structure is known in which floor slabs have special channels for prestressing ropes in building conditions, and wall panels have channels for connecting reinforcing bars (Patent US 4147009, IPC E04B 1/06, publication date 04/03/1979).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is to complicate installation work and increase installation time due to prestressing of floors in building conditions, complicating the rigging for the manufacture of prefabricated floor slabs, due to the presence of both longitudinal and transverse channels, and the longitudinal channels have complex form, in the supporting part of the plates they are in the upper part of the section, and in the span in the lower part of the section, which complicates their manufacture, and production on the formless molding line makes it generally impossible nym.

A building is known from a variety of hollow products using reinforced concrete used in the construction of walls and floors of buildings, as well as other reinforced concrete structures, in which installation and manufacture at the site of reinforced concrete structures for the assembly of products - components of the walls and floors of a building - including load distribution, longitudinal and vertical fasteners, corner and intermediate columns of connecting rods, do not require formwork, these structures are made inside the voids of products intended for this - and also do not they attach fastening elements, releasing full load-bearing capacity, in certain cases of use (Patent FR 2198038, IPC E04C 2/04, E04C 2/34, publication date 03/29/1974).

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the need for additional elements of non-removable formwork for hollow formers, in particular in ceramic blocks, which leads to a rise in the cost of the product. This technical solution has increased the complexity of prefabrication due to the fact that the arrangement of void formers in the forms for each product is individual.

It is known that the five-story building of series 123 (model project 163-123-20, developed by LenZNIIEP of residential and public buildings) adopted in the prototype is known in which the inner walls are made of prefabricated large concrete blocks of single-row cutting (sizes 25), the outer walls are made of prefabricated large expanded clay concrete blocks of double-row cutting (sizes 37), overlappings - prefabricated reinforced concrete multi-hollow slabs (sizes 10)

The disadvantage of this prefabricated building is the presence of a large number of product sizes in the supporting elements of the building and, accordingly, a large number of metal molds for their manufacture. At the same time, the number of space-planning decisions in this building and series is limited, since it involves large additional costs for the manufacture of metal molds when changing the space-planning decisions of the building.

The objective of the invention is to increase the options for space-planning solutions of a prefabricated large-block building without increasing the number of tooling for the manufacture of prefabricated load-bearing elements of the building in the base unit of the building section, reducing the complexity of the factory manufacturing of prefabricated elements of the building, while ensuring high speed installation of the building.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the construction of a large-block building at the level of floors and at the junction of large wall blocks and floor slabs, the strapping belt of the inner walls is made in one piece, and the outer walls are made in the form of a prefabricated-monolithic structure, prefabricated elements of the strapping belt and adjacent to monolithic sections of the strapping belt, floor slabs are the mounting support for higher wall large blocks, and monolithic sections of the strapping belt and monolithic vertical and horizontal channels in the walls and the ceilings through the reinforcing connection rods, concreted in them, connect the prefabricated elements of the walls and floors of the building in one structure.

The design of the proposed large-block building and the method of manufacturing products for its installation are illustrated by the following drawings:

- figure 1 shows the frame of the mounted building in a perspective view;

- figure 2 shows the floor plan of the building;

- figure 3 shows a vertical section 1-1 of the building (section);

- figure 4 shows a section 2-2 of the walls of the building;

- figure 5 shows a section 3-3 overlap;

- figure 6 shows a large wall block with flat ends;

- Fig.7 shows a large wall block with an end face in the form of a step;

- Fig.8 shows a variant of supporting the floor slab in the area of the wall opening;

- figure 9 shows a variant of supporting the floor slab in the area of the wall opening;

- figure 10 shows a variant of supporting the floor slab in the area of the wall opening;

- figure 11 shows the options 1, 2, 3 two-row cut of the outer wall;

- Fig.12 shows a section 5-5 of a precast monolithic strapping belt;

- Fig.13 shows a section 6-6 of a precast monolithic strapping belt;

- Fig.14 shows a section 7-7 precast monolithic strapping belt;

- Fig. 15 shows a section 8-8 of a precast monolithic strapping belt;

- Fig.16 shows a section 10-10;

- Fig.17 shows a separate small concrete block precast-monolithic strapping belt;

- Fig. 18 shows a section 9-9;

- Fig.19 shows a section 11-11;

- Fig.20 shows a separate small concrete block precast-monolithic strapping belt.

The proposed building structure (Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3) consists of internal (1) and external (2) walls, in the form of large blocks, floor slabs (3), strapping prefabricated monolithic belts (4). Large blocks of internal (1) and external (2) walls, floor slabs (3) are made on an extended formless bench, mainly with voids from 1.2 meters to 2.4 meters wide. Due to the use of quick-detachable nozzles on molding equipment having a different configuration of the output section, the cross-sectional configuration of these products (1), (2), (3) can be different and is selected by calculation, depending on the requirements of the product for strength, sound insulation, node designs. The design of prefabricated monolithic strapping belts (4) can be in several versions, depending on the space-planning decisions of the building, or depending on economic preferences - an increase in the proportion of prefabricated or monolithic solutions in the composition of strapping belts, or depending on the presence or absence required additional forming nozzles.

Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows a variant of the building with a minimum set of prefabricated structural elements from which the building frame is assembled. In this embodiment, one forming nozzle is sufficient for the production of walls (1), (2), floors (3). After a set of concrete, a molded extended array of formless molding, tempering strength, it is cut into products of the required length. The surfaces of the ends of the products in the form of large blocks of internal (1), external (2) walls, floor slabs (3), which are formed when cutting prestressed reinforcement and concrete by a mechanical circular saw, can have two options for the surfaces of the ends. The first option (Fig.6) is when the surface of the end face of the product is located in one plane. The second option (Fig.7) is when a step is formed on the surface of the end face of the product. Of the prefabricated reinforced concrete products obtained at the test bench, with the same cross sections, there is one forming nozzle), with the aforementioned formwork dimensions of the ends in the form of steps or flat sections, with reinforced reinforcement of the extended zone of the product at the floor slabs (3) and with symmetrical reinforcement of large wall blocks (1), (2) relative to the longitudinal horizontal axis of their cross section, is going to the building of the following structure.

The outer walls of large blocks (2), in which the upper end has the shape of a step (Fig. 7), are mounted and fixed with the help of mounting brackets, the internal longitudinal and transverse walls of the building are assembled from vertically installed large blocks (1) with flat lower and upper ends (6), on which the floor slabs (3) are supported by their transverse ends, or are wound on them by their longitudinal ends. At the upper ends (Fig. 3) of large blocks of internal (1) and external (2) walls, reinforcement (5) of strapping prefabricated monolithic belts (4) is installed, and in the body of future strapping monolithic belts (4), tie reinforcing rods are inserted for the amount of anchoring (6) floor slabs (see Figs. 2, 3, 5) installed in horizontal monolithic channels in the seams between floor slabs (3), as well as connecting reinforcing bars (7) of large blocks of internal (1) and external walls (2 ), performed in the form of short rods, or in the variant of their perception of efforts to progress general (unauthorized) collapse of the building in the form of rods, the entire length of large wall blocks (1), (2), with their anchoring in monolithic strapping belts (4) ,. Coupling reinforcing bars (7) are installed in existing vertical channels in the form of voids in large wall blocks, usually in two extreme voids or in a vertical joint of blocks (see Figure 4, section 2-2). After installing and fixing the reinforcement, the monolithic strapping belts are poured with concrete to the level of the upper mark of the hollow core slabs (3). At the same time, concrete is poured into the voids of large wall blocks (1), (2), floor slabs (3) and into vertical joints between them, where the connecting reinforcing bars (6), (7) are installed and into the keys (8) formed in the voids large wall blocks (1), (2) and floor slabs (3), due to the presence of restriction plugs (9) in these voids (see FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 8, FIG. .10).

After concreting monolithic strapping belts (4), large wall blocks (1), (2) of the higher floor are mounted.

Due to the fact that during the installation of internal walls, large wall blocks (1) of a higher floor do not rely on monolithic strapping belts (4), but on prefabricated building elements in the form of hollow core slabs (3), the installation of internal walls is carried out without expectations of achieving concrete monolithic strapping belts (4) design strength. The same applies to the installation of large wall blocks (2) of the outer walls, which rest with one end on the floor slabs (3), and the other end on the step (10) of the end face of the large block (2), the underlying floor (Figure 3) .

In the place of window and door openings, the support of floor slabs (3) and the support of large wall blocks (1), (2) of higher floors, can be in several versions:

- the support of the floor slabs (3) on the mounting telescopic racks (30) in Fig. 8, followed by the monolithing of the keys (8) of the floor slabs (3) in the body of the strapping prefabricated monolithic belt and the design bearing of the floor slabs (3) through these dowels ( 8) on a prefabricated monolithic strapping belt (4) after reaching the design strength by concrete and dismantling the mounting telescopic racks (30);

- the support of large blocks of walls (1), (2) of higher floors on the floor slab (3) and rolled metal profiles (15), supported on adjacent wall blocks and welded to the reinforcing cage of the strapping prefabricated-monolithic belt (4) (Fig. 8 )

- the support of the floor slab (3) (Fig. 9) through embedded metal elements (12), or through the molded concrete consoles (13), to the outer wall large wall blocks (1), (2), in this embodiment, the floor slab (3 ) has monolithic transverse reinforcing outlets (12) for their joining with the reinforcement of the precast monolithic strapping belt (4), respectively, the floor slab is longer than the neighboring ones by the width of the monolithic strapping belt. The monolithic transverse reinforcing outlets (12) in the body of the floor slab (3) are carried out by the method of local concrete collapse above the voids after installing the reinforcing outlets (12) into punched holes and monolized through the aforementioned broken voids or by ramming the transverse channel in the body of the slab, installing it reinforcing outlets (12) with the subsequent molding of concrete consoles (13) and pouring concrete of the transverse channel in the body of the slab (3). All these operations are carried out in the body of fresh concrete.

- resting (Figure 10) on a rigid reinforcing cage (14), designed for mounting loads from the floor slab (3) and large wall blocks (1), (2), which is specially installed in the opening and is a continuation of the reinforcement of the precast-monolithic strapping belt (4), and incorporates separate rolling metal profiles (15) for supporting floor slabs (3) and metal profiles (15) for supporting large wall blocks (1), (2) of a higher floor on them, after concreting monolithic strapping belt (4), metal profiles (15) securing Xia to the reinforcing frame (14) and further based on the large wall adjacent blocks (1), (2).

On (Fig. 11), variants of buildings are shown in which large wall blocks of the external walls (2) do not incorporate steps (10) at the end of the wall block for mounting support of the wall blocks of the overlying floor on it, which simplifies the factory production of large external wall blocks (2), which have two flat ends (Fig.6). The cross section of large wall blocks (1), (2) and floor slabs (3) can have different heights due to the use of an array of different molding nozzles during formless molding, and their width can be from 1.2 meters to 2.4 meters.

At the same time, for assembly support of large wall blocks (2) of overlying floors, as well as for creating a monolithic strapping belt, additional prefabricated elements (16), (17), (18), (19), (20), (27) the prefabricated monolithic strapping belt (4), which are mounted with the mark of their top, equal to the mark of the top of the floor slab, and which are also a fixed formwork for pouring monolithic concrete into the strapping beam, or to which a removable inventory formwork is attached and which can be in the following options:

- (Fig. 12, Fig. 11, option 1, section 5-5) Inventory removable formwork (16), which serves for pouring monolithic strapping belts (4) with concrete, this formwork simultaneously has supporting surfaces and corresponding rigidity, for supporting on large concrete blocks (2) of higher floors. The formwork is dismantled after a set of concrete design grade strength.

- (Fig. 13, Fig. 11, option 1, section 6-6) a prefabricated monolithic strapping belt (4) in cross section (6-6), the prefabricated element (17) has the shape of a corner, in which one shelf is support, and the other shelf is external. The inner side of the supporting shelf of the strapping beam (17) serves to support the floor slabs (3), the outer side of the supporting shelf of the combined strapping beam (17) rests on the ends of the outer large blocks (2) and has a keyway with holes. The height “A” of the support shelf is equal to the thickness “B” of the large blocks (2) of the outer wall, and the height “C” of the external shelf is equal to the sum of the dimensions of the thickness “D” of the support shelf, the thickness “E” of the mounting joint and the height “F” of the floor slab ( 3). The strapping beam is made on the formwork molding stand, either as a separate element, or as a double in the form of a tray, or in the form of a brand, with their subsequent longitudinal cutting on the stand.

- Prefabricated beam, precast monolithic strapping belt (4) (Fig. 14, Fig. 11, option 1, section 7-7), consists of a reinforced concrete beam (18), which serves as a support for large wall blocks of overlying floors (2) and at the same time, fixed formwork for monolithic concrete in a precast monolithic strapping belt (4). Reinforced concrete beam (18) has reinforcing outlets (22) in the form of longitudinal, transverse and vertical reinforcing bars, which become the working and structural reinforcement of the monolithic strapping belt (4) after pouring it with concrete. The lower reinforcement outlets (22) are pinched between the large wall blocks (2) and the floor slab (3) after its installation, this fixing of the precast beam (18) is sufficient for pouring and compacting concrete in a monolithic strapping belt and for subsequent support of large wall belts on it blocks (2), overlying floors.

- Prefabricated beam, precast monolithic strapping belt (Fig. 15, sections 8-8, Fig. 11, option 2, 3) consists of a chain of reinforced concrete small blocks (19) that serve as a support for large wall blocks of overlying floors. Small blocks (19) are installed with a gap and rigidly connected to each other in the beam by longitudinal reinforcing rods (23) (Fig. 16, sec. 10-10), with a design cross-section. Small blocks (19) have a height equal to the height of the floor slabs (3), they can have through holes in the faces (from 2 to 3 holes). The gap between the small blocks (19) is established from the condition that two adjacent large wall blocks (2) of the overlying floor are installed on one block (Fig. 11, option 2), or two individual small blocks (19) are installed under each large wall block (2) (11, option 3). On the outside of the building, a shuttering panel (24) is installed, which is attached to the precast beam. Monolithic concrete is poured into the space between the formwork panel and the ends of the floor slabs to the level of the floor slabs;

- (Fig. 17) Separate small concrete blocks (20) having reinforcing outlets or loops (25) (including cables) for connecting the blocks to each other in a continuously reinforced belt, including they may have monolithic anchor outlets ( 21) for their installation in the seams of floor slabs and reinforcement outlets (7) for their installation in the hollow channels (28) of large wall blocks or in the seams between the blocks (29) (Fig. 18). Small blocks (20) are installed in the design position, after which the connecting reinforcing brackets (26) are installed, or the rods forming the reinforcing cage of the precast monolithic strapping belt. A shuttering board (24) is attached to the blocks (Fig. 15, Fig. 16), monolithic concrete (4) is poured to the level of the slabs;

- (Fig 20) Individual concrete blocks (27), including those made by vibrocompression, are installed in the design position. Through the voids available in the blocks, reinforcement (5), (7), (21), (23), a monolithic strapping belt (4) is passed, a formwork shield (24) is attached to the blocks (Fig. 16), monolithic concrete is poured into the strapping belts (4) to the level of floor slabs (3);

(Fig. 11, section 9-9, Fig. 18) Coupling reinforcing bars (7) of large blocks of internal (1) and external walls (2), in contrast to the building shown in (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) are installed not in the voids of the blocks (28), but in the vertical channel in the form of a seam (29) of the junction of these blocks, for which the longitudinal side surfaces of large blocks have special grooves. The dimensions of the groove should allow the installation of connecting reinforcing bars (7) with clamps and the passage of the vibrator's mace to compact the concrete to the full height of the wall block. The combination of the vertical channel for connecting reinforcing bars (7) with the joint seam of large wall blocks (1), (2) reduces the complexity of the installation of the building and improves the sound insulation characteristics of the joints.

Installation of the building is carried out in the following sequence. Large blocks (1), (2) of external and internal walls are installed with their fixing in the design vertical position with the help of mounting devices. Vertical channels in the form of a seam between large wall blocks (1), (2) are filled with concrete after the installation of coupled reinforcing bars (7) (see Fig. 18), after which floor slabs (3) are mounted on them. Floor slabs (3) can be supported both on internal (1) walls and on external (2) walls (Fig. 3, section 1-1). In the case when large blocks of the external walls (2) or internal walls (1) are not bearing, the floor slab (3) adjoining the wall with its longitudinal side is brought into the body of the wall at a distance sufficient to support large blocks of wall of a higher floor. In the outer walls, prefabricated elements of the strapping belts (16), (17), (18), (19), (20), (27) are laid on the cement mortar. Floor slabs (3) and large wall blocks (1), (2) on each floor of the building are connected in a single structure using longitudinal and transverse monolithic strapping belts (Fig 2, 11), which are arranged on top of large wall blocks (1 ), (2) the voids of the floor slabs (3), large wall blocks (1), (2) are filled with concrete to a depth limited by plugs (9) installed in these voids with the formation of dowels (8). Vertical channels in the form of a seam (29), forming a vertical joint of large wall blocks (Fig. 18) of internal walls (1) and external walls (2) are concreted to the entire height of the block with the creation of vertical ties between large wall blocks (1), (2 ) and longitudinal and transverse strapping monolithic belts (4), due to reinforcing tie rods (7), anchored to the estimated length in vertical channels in the form of a seam (29) of wall blocks (1), (2) and belts (4), which provides perception by a vertical joint between large wall blocks (1) and (2), vertically horizontal and horizontal loads. When connecting the wall blocks (1), (2) with the upper and lower monolithic belt according to the same principle, not with two short reinforcing connecting rods (7), but with a continuous reinforcing connecting rod (7) over the entire height of the floor, this building is able to absorb seismic loads and loads from progressive (unauthorized) collapse. The coupling reinforcing bar or rope (7) may be composite according to the installation conditions. The connection of two adjacent large wall blocks (1) or (2) in a vertical seam (29) can also be ensured by the formation of reinforced keys in the form of discrete bonds (30), when large wall blocks (1) and ( 2) reinforcing rods or loop-like ties of metal ropes (Fig.19).

Thus, this technical solution allows you to mount the premises, and from them to group buildings with arbitrary dimensions in width, length and height from elements of standard sections made on the formless molding line of hollow products by changing their number and length dimensions in the floors and walls and the possibility of additional to use additional products made from standard products due to their longitudinal cutting by a circular saw. In this technical solution, an increase in the options for space-planning solutions of prefabricated large-block buildings was obtained without increasing the number of tooling with a decrease in the complexity of factory manufacturing due to the absence of embedded parts and complex reinforcement in the products, the absence of the need to re-mold the molds for a new type of product. At the same time, the installation speed is high and remains at the level of the speed of installation of a prefabricated large-block building, due to the presence of prefabricated elements in prefabricated monolithic strapping belts, which together with mounting devices perceive mounting loads from higher floors to a set of reinforced concrete strapping belts, as well as vertical and horizontal channels in the walls and floors, design brand strength.

Claims (20)

1. A large-block building, including internal and external walls in the form of large blocks, floor slabs, with strapping belts at the level of the ceilings and at the junction of large wall blocks and floor slabs, characterized in that the strapping belt of the inner walls is made in one piece and the outer walls are made in the form of a prefabricated-monolithic design, prefabricated elements of the strapping belt and slabs adjacent to the monolithic section of the strapping belt are the mounting support for upstream large wall blocks, and the monolithic sections are strapping belt and monolithic vertical and horizontal channels in the walls and ceilings through the reinforcing connecting rods located in them, connect the prefabricated elements of the walls and floors of the building in one design. 2. Large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolithic vertical channels can be located in the vertical voids of the wall of large blocks. 3. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the monolithic vertical channels can be located in vertical joints between large wall blocks. 4. The large block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the horizontal monolithic channels can be located in the seams between the floor slabs. 5. The large block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the large blocks of internal and external walls, floor slabs are made by formless molding. 6. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the large blocks of internal and external walls, floor slabs have dowels at the ends of the products. 7. The large-block building according to claim 6, characterized in that large blocks of internal and external walls, floor slabs are made mainly with voids. 8. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional configuration of large blocks of internal and external walls, floor slabs can be different and is selected by calculation, depending on the requirements of the product for strength, sound insulation, design of nodes. 9. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated element of the precast monolithic strapping belt can be in the form of a corner, in which one shelf is support and the other is external. 10. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated monolithic strapping belt can have a prefabricated beam consisting of a reinforced concrete beam, which serves as a support for large wall blocks of overlying floors, a jumper for wall openings and at the same time a fixed formwork for monolithic concrete in precast monolithic strapping belt, while the reinforced concrete beam has reinforcing outlets in the form of longitudinal, transverse and vertical reinforcing bars, which become the working and structural reinforcement of the monolithic strapping of the belt after filling it with concrete. 11. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated monolithic strapping belt can have a prefabricated beam consisting of a chain of reinforced concrete small blocks that serve as a support for large wall blocks of overlying floors connected by reinforcement, while small blocks are installed with a gap and rigidly connected to each other in the beam by longitudinal reinforcing rods. 12. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated monolithic strapping belt can have separate small concrete blocks having reinforcement outlets or loops for connecting the blocks to each other in a continuously reinforced belt, including they can have monolithic anchor outlets for their installation in vertical and horizontal monolithic channels, that is, in the seams of floor slabs and in the hollow channels of large wall blocks or in the joints between them. 13. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the prefabricated monolithic strapping belt can have separate concrete blocks, including those made by vibrocompression with voids for passing reinforcing tie rods. 14. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcing connecting rods of large blocks of internal and external walls are installed in the vertical channel of the junction of these blocks. 15. A large-block building according to claim 14, characterized in that the longitudinal side surfaces of large wall blocks have special grooves, the dimensions of which should allow the installation of reinforcing connecting rods with clamps and the passage of the vibrator mace to compact the concrete to the entire height of the vertical channel junction of the wall blocks. 16. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the mounting support of the floor slabs in the place of the window and door openings can be on the telescopic mounting racks before the concrete sets the design-grade strapping belt for supporting the floor slabs through the dowels in the slabs. 17. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the support of the floor slabs in the place of the window and door openings can be through embedded metal elements or through molded concrete consoles to the outer wall large wall blocks. 18. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the support of the floor slabs in place of the window and door openings can be on rolled metal profiles welded to the reinforcing cage of the strapping prefabricated monolithic belt. 19. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the support of large blocks of walls of the higher floors can be on a floor slab and rolled metal profiles welded to the reinforcing cage of a strapping prefabricated monolithic belt. 20. The large-block building according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the large wall blocks and floor slabs adjacent to the monolithic strapping belt have an additional concrete key connection with the strapping belt.