NO342293B1 - Fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene proteiner og peptider fra kumelk - Google Patents
Fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene proteiner og peptider fra kumelk Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO342293B1 NO342293B1 NO20110426A NO20110426A NO342293B1 NO 342293 B1 NO342293 B1 NO 342293B1 NO 20110426 A NO20110426 A NO 20110426A NO 20110426 A NO20110426 A NO 20110426A NO 342293 B1 NO342293 B1 NO 342293B1
- Authority
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- glu
- leu
- pro
- ser
- lys
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Abstract
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene proteiner og peptider. Mere spesifikt tilveiebringer den foreliggende oppfinnelsen en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene melkeproteiner og/eller peptider som omfatter trinnene med: tilveiebringelse av minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek omfattende DNA eller cDNA avledet fra brystkjertelvev til en pattedyr som gir melk, foretrukket en ku som gir melk, ekspresjon av minst ett protein eller peptid kodet for av nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek, bestemmelse av bindingskapasiteten av nevnte minst ene protein eller peptid til IgE i minst ett serum fra et individ som er følsom for pattedyrmelk, foretrukket kumelk, bringe det minst ene protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet som bestemt i trinn c) i kontakt med basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller og identifisere det minst ene protein eller peptid til å være allergent når nevnte basofile celler, 15 eosinofile celler eller mastceller frigir, ved kontakt med minst ett protein eller peptid i trinn d), minst en mediator.
Description
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene proteiner og peptider som definert i kravene.
Mere spesifikt tilveiebringer den foreliggende oppfinnelse en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene kumelkproteiner alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kaseinproteiner og/eller peptider som omfatter trinnene med:
a) tilveiebringelse av minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra brystkjertelvev til en ku som gir melk,
b) ekspresjon av minst ett alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid kodet for av nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek,
c) bestemmelse av bindingskapasiteten av nevnte i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid til IgE i minst ett serum fra et individ som er sensitivt overfor kumelk,
d) bringe det i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet som bestemt i trinn c) i kontakt med basofile celler eller mastceller, og
e) identifisering av det i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappakasein-protein eller peptid til å være allergent når nevnte basofile celler eller mastceller frigir minst en mediator ved kontakt med minst ett alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid i trinn d).
Omtrent 2-8% av små barn som er yngre enn 3 år og omtrent 2% av den voksne populasjon rammens av overfølsomhet for mat. Omtrent 80% av allergiske reaksjoner i barn er resultatet av overfølsomhet for kumelk (KM), hønseegg og belgfrukter (f.eks. jordnøtter og soyabønner). I den voksne befolkning, representerer imidlertid allergi mot frukt, jordnøtter og tre-nøtter den overfølsomhet som er mest alminnelig.
Kumelk er blant de første næringsstoffer som introduseres i dietten til et lite barn og således en av de vanligste årsakene til matallergi hos små barn. Omtrent 2,5% av nyfødte barn viser negative reaksjoner overfor kumelk i det første året av deres levetid.
Symptomer på kumelkallergi (KMA) er enten av umiddelbar type eller forsinket type, og de varierer fra milde til alvorlige reaksjoner som involverer huden, luftveien, mage-tarmkanalen og i det verste tilfellet fremstår som livstruende systemiske reaksjoner (anafylakse). I motsetning de celle-medierte reaksjoner av forsinket type, bevirkes umiddelbare reaksjoner ved produksjonen av immunoglobulin E (IgE) antistoffer som svar på ellers harmløse antigener (type I hypersensitivitet). Interaksjonen av IgE antistoffer med det allergene molekylet fører til spesifikk aktivering av effektorceller (mastceller, basofile granulocytter) og til en påfølgende frigivelse av inflammatoriske mediatorer slik som histamin, prostaglandin og leukotrien som ansvarlig for de allergiske reaksjoner av umiddelbar type.
Kumelk inneholder mere enn 25 proteiner og noen av dem er kjent til å være allergene. Ved virkningen av kymocin (rennin) eller ved surgjøring av melken til pH 4,6 oppnås to fraksjoner: Tjue prosent av proteinene finner man i vallefraksjonen og 80% av proteinene omfatter kaseinfraksjonen. Allergene molekyler er inneholdt i begge fraksjoner og betraktes som enten vesentlige eller uvesentlige allergener avhengig av forekomst av dokumenterte allergiske responser i KMA populasjonen. Vesenlige allergener til stede i kumelk er alfa-laktalbumin, beta-laktoglobulin, alfaS1-kasein, beta-kasein og kappa-kasein. Uvesentlige allergener til stede i kumelk er alfaS2-kasin, laktoferrin, bovint serumalbumin og immunoglobulin.
Alfa-laktalbumin (Bos d 4), beta-laktoglobulin (Bos d 5), immunoglobuliner (Bos d 7), BSA og laktoferrin er alle vel kjente IgE-reaktive komponenter i valle. AlfaS1-kasein, alfaS2-kasein, beta-kasein og kappa-kasein er de potente allergenene i kaseinfraksjonen (Bos d 8) (Wal, 2004).
I vallefraksjonen er beta-laktoglobulin (BLG) og alfa-laktalbumin (ALA) betraktet som vesentlige allergener. Beta-laktoglobulin er et globulært og svært stabilt protein som tilhører lipokalinene, en protein-superfamilie, som binder hydrofobe ligander. Andre allergener, slik som de viktigste hundeallergenene Can f 1 og Can f 2 og allergenene i andre pelsdyr (hest, katt og marsvin) tilhører også denne protein-superfamilien. Beta-laktoglobulin forekommer naturlig i en dimer form med en molekylvekt på 36 kDa. Der er to hoved-isoformer av beta-laktoglobulin, de genetiske variantene A (BLGA) og B (BLGB), som avviker i aminosyrer 64 og 118 (asparaginsyre og valin i (BLGA), glycin og alanin i BLGB). Stabilitet og det faktum at beta-laktoglobulin tilhører familien av lipokaliner kan forklare det høye allergene potensialet til dette molekyl.
Alfa-laktalbumin er en 14 kDa sur Ca<2+>bindingsmonomer stabilisert ved hjelp av fire disulfidbroer. Det er en regulerende komponent i galaktosyltransferasesystemet som syntetiserer laktose. Påfølgende analyser viste høy aminosyresekvenshomologi med human alfa-laktalbumin (hALA) og lysozym fra hønseegg, et hovedallergen i hønseegg. Allergenisiteten til alfa-laktalbumin kan forklares ved dets stabilitet.
I suspensjoner danner proteinene i kaseinfraksjonen ordnede aggregater (miceller) med en konstant andel av de individuelle molekylene: alfaS1- og alfaS2-kasein 37% hver, beta- og kappa-kasein 13% hver. De fire kaseinmolekylene har liten primær strukturhomologi, har forskjellige funksjonelle egenskaper, men er alle fosforylerte proteiner med reomorfe, svært hydratiserte tertiære strukturer som lett kan nedbrytes ved hjelp av enkelte proteaser. Denne sensitivitet overfor proteolytisk spalting er en heller uvanlig egenskap for et viktig allergen. Kumelkkaseiner deler aminosyresekvenshomologier opp til 90% med kaseiner fra andre pattedyr, slik som geit og sau. Denne sekvenshomologi kan være grunnen til den ofte observerte kryss-reaktivitet mellom kumelk og melk fra ande dyr.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse ser på behovet for å tilveiebringe fremgangsmåter som tillater identifisering av allergene proteiner og peptider som er til stede i en biologisk kilde.
MASSIMO N. ET AL. Cows milk allergens identification by two-dimensional immunoblotting and mass spectrometry. Molecular nutrition and food research. 2004,vol. 48, no.5, side 363-369, omhandler en proteomisk metode for å identifisere allergener fra kumelk.
BLANC F. ET AL. Update on optimized purification and characterization of natural milk allergens. Patient KA, Wal JM.Mol Nutr Food Res. 2008, vol. 52, Suppl 2, side 166-175, omhandler en metode for rensing og karakterisering av kjente kumelkallergener.
CHATEL JM. ET AL. Expression, purification and immunochemical characterization of recombinant bovine beta-lactoglobulin, a major cow milk allergen. Mol Immunol.1996, vol.33, no.14, side 1113-1118 omhandler ekspresjon, rensing og immunokjemisk karakterisering av et rekombinant viktig kumelkallergen.
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse er definert ved kravene.
Således vedrører den foreliggende oppfinnelse en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene kumelkproteiner alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kaseinproteiner og/eller peptider som omfatter trinnene med:
a) tilveiebringelse av minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra brystkjertelvev til en ku som gir melk,
b) ekspresjon av minst ett alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid kodet for av nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek,
c) bestemmelse av bindingskapasiteten av nevnte i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid til IgE i minst ett serum fra et individ som er sensitivt overfor kumelk,
d) bringe det i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet som bestemt i trinn c) i kontakt med basofile celler eller mastceller, og
e) identifisering av det i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappakasein-protein eller peptid til å være allergent når nevnte basofile celler eller mastceller frigir minst en mediator ved kontakt med minst ett alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid i trinn d).
I overensstemmelse med en foretrukket utførelsesform omfatter fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen videre et trinn med å bestemme aminosyresekvensen til det i det minst ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-proteinet eller peptidet identifisert i trinn e).
I overensstemmelse med en annen foretrukket utførelsesform av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen blir tilstedeværelsen av det i det minste ene alfaS1- alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-proteinet eller peptidet bestemt ved massespektrometri. I overensstemmelse med en ytterligere foretrukket utførelsesform av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen blir alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kaseinproteinene eller peptidene til stede i prøven isolert før massespektrometri.
I overensstemmelse med en ytterligere foretrukket utførelsesform av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen blir alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kaseinproteinene eller peptidene isolert ved en elektroforesemetode.
I overensstemmelse med en ytterligere foretrukket utførelsesform av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen er elektroforesemetoden er todimensjonal elektroforese.
I overensstemmelse med en ytterligere foretrukket utførelsesform av fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen blir alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kaseinproteinene eller peptidene tilstede i prøven isolert ved høyytelsesvæskekromatografi.
Også beskrevet her er en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene melkeproteiner og peptider, som omfatter trinnene med å tilveiebringe minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra brystkjertelvev til et pattedyr som gir melk, for eksempel en ku som gir melk, som uttrykker minst ett protein eller peptid kodet for av nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek, bestemmelse av bindingskapasiteten til nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid til IgE i minst ett serum fra et individ som er sensitiv for pattedyrmelk, for eksempel kumelk, bringe nevnte ene protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet i kontakt med basofile celler, eosinofile celler og mastceller, og identifisere det nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid til å være allergent når de basofile celler, eosinofile celler mastceller frigjør minst en mediator ved kontakt med nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid. Ytterligere beskrevet her er en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere minst ett allergent melkeprotein eller peptid, som omfatter trinnene med å tilveiebringe minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra brystkjertelvev til et pattdyr som gir melk, for eksempel en ku som gir melk, uttrykke minst ett protein eller peptid som kodes for at nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek, bestemme bindingskapasiteten til nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid til IgE i minst ett serum fra et individ som er sensitiv for pattedyrmelk, for eksempel kumelk, bringe nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet i kontakt med basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller, og identifisere det i det minste ene protein eller peptid til å være allergent når nevnte basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller frigir minst en mediator ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid. Videre beskrevet her er fremgangsmåten som beskrevet ovenfor, hvori de allergene proteinene og peptidene er melkeallergene proteiner eller peptider, det i det minste ene ekspresjonsbibliotek omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra bryst kjertelvev til et pattedyr som gir melk, for eksempel en ku som gir melk, og individet som er sensitivt for den allergene kilden er et individ som er sensitivt for pattedyrmelk, for eksempel kumelk.
Videre kan fremgangsmåtene som beskrevet ovenfor omfatte trinnet med å bestemme aminosyresekvensen til det i det minste ene protein eller peptid identifisert ved fremgangsmåtene.
Også tilveiebragt her er en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene proteiner og/eller peptider kodet for av et DNA eller cDNA ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter trinnene med å tilveiebringe minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra minst en allergen kilde, uttrykke minst ett protein eller peptid kodet for av nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek og å bestemme bindingskapasiteten av det nevnte minst ene protein eller peptid til IgE i minst ett serum til et individ som sensitivt for den i det minste ene allergene kilde, spesielt pattedyrmelk, for eksempel kumelk og næringsformuleringer inneholdende pattedyrmelk, for eksempel kumelk, bringe det nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet i kontakt med basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller, og identifisering av det i det minste ene protein eller peptid til å være allergent når nevnte basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller frigir minst en mediator ved kontakt med nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid. Således er det her også beskrevet en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere minst ett allergent protein eller peptid kodet for av et DNA eller cDNA ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter trinnene med å tilveiebringe minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra minst en allergen kilde, uttrykke minst ett protein eller peptid kodet for av nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek, bestemme bindingskapasiteten til nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid til IgE i minst ett serum fra et individ som er sensitiv for den i det minste ene allergene kilde, bringe det i det minste ene protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet i kontakt med basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller, og identifisere det i det minste ene protein eller peptid til å være allergent når nevnte basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller frigir minst en mediator ved kontakt med nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid.
Det er ytterligere beskrevet en fremgangsmåte for å detektere allergene proteiner og peptider i en kumelk-inneholdende prøve som omfatter trinnet med å bestemme tilstedeværelsen av minst ett protein eller peptid fra figurer 1A, 1B og 1C (SEQ ID nr.22-84) og tabell 1A, 1B og tabell 2 (SEQ ID nr.1-21).
I henhold til dette kan pattedyrmelken, for eksempel kumelken, være en hydrolysert pattedyrmelk, for eksempel hydrolysert kumelk. Videre kan tilstedeværelsen av minst ett protein eller peptid bestemmes ved massespektrometri. Proteinene og peptidene som er tilstede i prøven kan isoleres før massespektrometri. Proteiner og peptider kan isoleres ved en elektroforesemetode eller ved høyytelsesvæskekromatografi. Elektroforesemetoden kan være todimensjonal elektroforese.
Det er også beskrevet et protein eller peptid identifisert ved fremgangsmåten beskrevet heri. Ytterligere beskrevet heri er et protein eller peptid valgt fra figurer 1A, 1B, 1C (SEQ ID nr.22-84), tabeller 1A, 1B eller tabell 2 (SEQ ID nr.1-21). Ytterligere beskrevet heri er minst ett protein eller peptid for anvendelse i diagnosen av en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i et individ. Allergien kan være en melkeallergi.
Også beskrevet heri er en fremgangsmåte for å diagnostisere en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i et individ som omfatter administrering av minst ett protein eller peptid som nevnt heri til et individ som mistenkes for å være allergisk eller bli allergisk og undersøke om individet utvikler en allergisk reaksjon overfor proteinet eller peptidet.
I henhold til denne fremgangsmåten kan allergien eller predisposisjonen for en allergi være en melkeallergi eller en predisposisjon for en melkeallergi.
Fremgangsmåten kan omfatte ytterligere gjennomføring av en hudtest og/eller en blodtest. Hudtesten kan velges fra (i) en hud-prikk test, (ii) en intradermal test, (iii) en hud-flekk test, eller (iv) en hvilken som helst kombinasjon av tester i (i) til (iii), hvori et positivt resultat for testene (i) til (iv) er en indikasjon på en allergi eller predisposisjon for en allergi i et individ. Blodtesten kan omfatte trinnene med (i) å bringe minst ett protein eller peptid beskrevet heri i kontakt med en blodprøve, serumprøve eller plasmaprøve fra nevnte individ, og (ii) bestemme om nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid binder til et IgE antistoff i nevnte blodprøve, serumprøve eller plasmaprøve, hvori binding av nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid til et IgE antistoff er en indikasjon på en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i nevnte individ; og/eller bringe minst ett protein eller peptid beskrevet heri i kontakt med basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller fra nevnte individ, og (ii’) bestemme om nevnte basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller frigir, ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, minst en mediator, eller degranulerer ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, hvori frigivelse av nevnte i det minste ene mediator ved kontakt med nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid eller degranulering ved kontakt med nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid er en indikasjon på en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i nevnte individ.
Også beskrevet heri er minst ett protein eller peptid for anvendelse i en allergenimmunoterapi av en allergi i et individ. Allergien kan være en melkeallergi.
Det er også beskrevet en fremgangsmåte for å bestemme en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i et individ som omfatter administrering av minst ett protein eller peptid beskrevet heri. Allergien kan være en melkeallergi.
Det er også beskrevet en fremgangsmåte for å bestemme en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i et individ, hvor fremgangsmåten omfatter a) bringe minst ett protein eller peptid beskrevet heri i kontakt med en blodprøve, serumprøve eller plasmaprøve, hvori nevnte blodprøve, serumprøve eller plasmaprøve er eller har vært isolert fra nevnte individ, og b) bestemme om nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid binder til et IgE antistoff i nevnte blodprøve, serumprøve eller plasmaprøve, hvor binding av nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid til et IgE antistoff er en indikasjon på en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i nevnte individ; og/eller a’) bringe minst ett protein eller peptid beskrevet heri i kontakt med basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller hvori nevnte basofile celler, eosinofile celler mastceller er eller har vært isolert fra nevnte individ, og b’) bestemme om nevnte basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller (i) frigir, ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, minst en mediator, eller (ii) degranulerer ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, hvori frigivelse av nevnte i det minste ene mediator ved kontakt ved nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid eller degranulering ved kontakt med nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid er en indikasjon på en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i nevnte individ.
I henhold til denne fremgangsmåten kan allergien eller predisposisjonen for en allergi være en melkeallergi eller predisposisjon for en melkeallergi. Denne fremgangsmåten kan videre omfatte diskriminering av individer med en alvorlig allergi fra individer som er følsomme men asymptomatiske og/eller diskriminering av individer som vokser ut av en allergi fra individer som ikke vokser ut av en allergi.
Det er videre beskrevet en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere et IgE-reaktivt ikkeallergent melkeprotein eller peptid kodet for av en DNA eller cDNA fra minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter trinnene med: a) å tilveiebringe minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra brystkjertelvev til et pattedyr som gir melk, for eksempel en ku som gir melk, b) uttrykke minst ett protein eller peptid som kodet for av nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek, c) bestemme bindingskapasiteten for nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid til IgE fra minst ett serum til et individ som er sensitiv overfor pattedyrmelk, for eksempel kumelk, d) å bringe det i det minste ene protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet som bestemt i trinn c) i kontakt med basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller, e) å bestemme om nevnte basofile celler, eosinofile celler eller mastceller (i) frigir, ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, minst en mediator, eller (ii) degranulerer ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, og f) identifisere det i det minste ene protein eller peptid til å være ikke-allergent når nevnte basofile celler, eosinofile celle eller mastceller
ikke frigir, ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, minst en mediator, eller (ii’) ikke degranulerer ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid.
I henhold til denne fremgangsmåten, er det i det minste ene protein eller peptid som identifisert ved fremgangsmåten eller som spesifikt beskrevet heri for anvendelse i behandling av en allergi. Også tilveiebrakt er en fremgangsmåte for å behandle en allergi i et individ som omfatter administrering av minst ett protein eller peptid identifisert ved fremgangsmåten eller som spesifikt er beskrevet heri. Nevnte individ eller pasient som beskrevet heri kan være et menneske. De eosinofile cellene, mastcellene eller de basofile cellene er som regel pattedyrceller og kan være fra et menneske. Generelt inkluderer betegnelsen ”pattedyr som gir melk”, pattedyr fra artene ku, geit, sau, hest, buffalo, kamel, men er ikke begrenset dertil.
KORT BESKRIVELSE AV TEGNINGENE
Figur 1A viser de utledede aminosyresekvensene til cDNAer som koder for IgE-reaktivt full-lengde alfaS1- og alfaS2-kasein og IgE-reaktive alfaS1- og alfaS2-kaseinfragmenter. Aminosyresekvensen til full-lengde alfaS1- og alfaS2-kasein er vist øverst. Sekvensen til IgE-reaktive alfaS1- og alfaS2-kaseinfragmenter (klontall høyre marg) er fremvist som linjer. Tallene indikerer den første og siste aminosyren i hver klon.
Figur 1B viser de utledede aminosyresekvensene til cDNAer som koder for IgE-reaktivt full-lengde beta-, kappa-kasein og beta-laktoglobulin og IgE-reaktive fragmenter av disse proteiner.
Aminosyresekvensen til full-lengde beta-, kappa-kasein og beta-laktoglobulin er vist øverst. Sekvensen til IgE-reaktive fragmenter (klon-tall høyre marg) er fremvist som linjer. Tallene indikerer den første og siste aminosyren i hver klon.
Understrekede sekvenser i beta-kaseinsekvensen (topp) svarer til ikke-allergene peptider identifisert ved massespektrometrisk analyse av en omfattende hydrolysert hypoallergen melkeformulering.
Figur 1C viser aminosyresekvensene til alfa-laktalbumin, bovint serumalbumin og laktoferrin.
Figur 2 viser en IgE screening av et ekspresjon cDNA bibliotek fra bovine brystkjertler. E. coli celler Y1090 infisert med fager som bærer cDNA biblioteket ble indusert til å syntetisere rekombinante proteiner. Disse proteiner ble overført til et nitrocellulosefilter og eksponert for serum IgE fra melkeallergiske pasienter etterfulgt av inkubasjon med 125I-merkede anti-humane IgE antistoffer. I dette autoradiogram av filteret, viser de IgE-reaktive klonene seg som sorte flekker. Figur 3 viser den allergene aktiviteten til melkeprøvene og komponentene.
Biologisk aktivitet ble bestemt i humane RBL analyser. Prosentandelen av pasientenes serum (n = 78) som gir en positiv reaksjon i humane RBL analyser er vist som sorte stolper (y-akse). Følgende melkekomponenter ble analysert: melkeprøver fra forskjellige arter (GM, geitemelk; KM, kumelk; SM, sauemelk; HM, human melk; MM, hoppemelk, kaseinfraksjonen til forskjellige arter (GC, geitekasein; CC, kukasein; SC, sauekasein), naturlige rensede proteiner (AC, alfakasein; BC, beta-kasein; KC, kappa-kasien; ALA, alfa-laktalbumin, BLGB, betalaktoglobulin variant B; BLGA, beta-laktoglobulin variant A; BSA, bovint serum albumin; SSA, saueserumalbumin; hALA, human alfa-laktalbumin; Lf, laktoferrin), rekombinante proteiner (rAS1C, rekombinant alfaS1-kasein; rAS2C, rekombinant aS1-kasein; rBC, rekombiant beta-kasein; rKC, rekombinant kappa-kasein; rALA, rekombinant alfa-laktalbumin; rBLG, rekombinant beta-laktoglobulin), rekombinante fragmenter av BSA (F1, rekombinant fragment 1 av BSA; F2, rekobinant fragment 2 av BSA; F3, rekombinant fragment 3 av BSA) og syntetiske peptider av aS1-kasein (Cas1 – Cas6).
Figur 4 viser en liste over allergensekvenser funnet i melk.
Figur 5 viser separasjonene av en hydrolysert melkeformulering ved å anvende nano-væskekromatografi etterfulgt av elektrospray-ionisering MS. Presentasjon av totalt ionekromatogram av 1 µg hydrolysert melkeprøve. Retensjonstider er vist på x-aksen og signalintensitet i cps (counts per sekund) er vist på y-aksen.
Figur 6 viser et Maskot-søk og identifikasjonen av beta-kaseinavledede peptider i hydrolysert kumelk.
Figur 7 viser at beta-kaseinavledede peptider identifisert i hydrolysert kumelk ikke er IgE-reaktive.
Formålet for den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å tilveiebringe en fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene melkeproteiner og/eller peptider som definert i kravene. Fremgangsmåten ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse er særlig egnet til å identifisere proteiner og peptider som utviser allergene egenskaper. For å identifisere allergene egenskaper til proteiner eller peptider er kun mengder i området mikrogram eller nanogram nødvendig. Disse proteinene eller peptidene kodes for av et DNA eller cDNA bibliotek som er oppnådd fra en kilde som er kjent til å inneholde eller syntetisere proteiner og/eller peptider som fremkaller en allergen reaksjon i et individ. Den allergene kilden kan omfatte forskjellige typer av vev og celler som kan være ansvarlig for biosyntesen av allergenene. Dersom disse cellene eller vevene er kjent, er det mulig spesifikt å danne DNA eller cDNA biblioteker fra nevnte celler og vev, som kan anvendes i metoden i henhold til den foreliggende oppfinnelsen. Melkeallergiene fra et pattedyr, særlig fra en ku, kan for eksempel identifiseres ved å isolere DNA eller cDNA fra brystkjertelvev til pattdyr som gir melk.
De uttrykte proteinene og peptidene i DNA eller cDNA ekspresjonsbiblioteket bringes i kontakt med IgE i minst ett serum fra minst ett individ som er sensitiv for den i det minste ene allergene kilde. I dette første trinn identifiseres de proteiner og peptider som er i stand til å binde til IgE, som er en forutsetning for allergiske reaksjoner. Betegnelsen ”IgE-reaktiv” i overensstemmelse med den foreliggende oppfinnelse betyr kapasiteten hos en aminosyresekvens til å binde IgE. I et ytterligere trinn blir peptidene og proteinene som binder til IgE videre brakt i kontakt med basofile celler eller mastceller, som på forhånd er blitt lastet med IgE fra minst ett individ som er kjent til å være allergisk overfor minst ett allergen i den allergene kilden. Basofile celler eller mastceller som bærer allergenspesifikke IgE molekyler frigir, ved kontakt med et respektivt allergen, mediatorer slik som histamin og/eller andre allergiske mediatorer frigitt ved basofile celler eller mastceller, som indikerer at peptidene og proteinene som er i stand til å binde til IgE også er i stand til å indusere degranulering av basofile cellereller mastceller etter kontakt med disse cellene. Passende allergene mediatorer er foretrukket histamin, heparin, prostaglandin, leukotrien, kjemokiner, cytokiner. Andre allergene mediatorer som kan være anvendbare i forbindelse med den foreliggende oppfinnelse inkluderer β-heksosaminidase, eosinofil peroksidase, ribonuklease (RNase), deoksyribonuklease, lipase, plasminogen og major basic protein. Den fagkyndige på området er godt kjent med mediatorer frigitt ved disse cellene som kan identifiseres ved kunnskap fra en vanlig lærebok (se for eksempel Janeway et al. 2002: Immunology, Spektrum Akademisher Verlag; Auflage: 5. Auflage, Paul et al.1989: Fundamental Immunology, Raven Press Ltd.; Second edition).
De medlemmer av DNA eller cDNA biblioteket som binder til IgE i et allergisk individ og er i stand til å indusere degranulering av basofile celler eller mastceller kan isoleres og deres DNA eller cDNA innskudd kan sekvenseres ved metoder som er kjent innen teknikken. Alternativt kan proteinene og peptidene uttrykt ved de respektive bibliotekmedlemmene isoleres ved metoder som er kjent innen teknikken og analyseres ved for eksempel massespektrometri eller aminosyresekvensering.
Medlemmene av DNA eller cDNA biblioteket kan være avledet fra en hvilken som helst kilde som bærer biologisk material som er kjent eller ikke kjent til å fremkalle allergene reaksjoner når brakt i kontakt med et individ. Følgelig refererer betegnelsen ”allergen kilde” som anvendt heri til en hvilken som helst type av biologisk material som er i stand til å syntetisere allergener.
Betegnelsen ”peptid” eller ”protein” skal bety en sekvens av aminosyrer som holdes sammen med peptidbindinger. ”Peptid” som anvendt heri betyr at det aminosyreinneholdende molekyl inneholder hovedsakelig opp til 250 aminosyrer, slik som opp til 200 aminosyrer, slik som opp til 150 aminosyrer, slik som opp til 100 aminosyrer, slik som opp til 50 aminosyrer, slik som opp til 45 aminosyrer, særlig slik som opp til 40 aminosyrer, slik som opp til 30 aminosyrer, slik som opp til 20 aminosyrer, og foretrukket mere enn 2 aminosyrerester. ”Protein”, som angitt heri, betyr at det aminosyreinneholdende molekyl inneholder hovedsakelig mer enn 250 aminosyrer. I det øvre området (dvs. rundt 250 aminosyrer), kan den foreliggende oppfinnelse anvende betegnelsen protein og peptid for samme typen av molekyl.
Allergener (substanser som er i stand til å fremkalle en allergen reaksjon i et individ) kan syntetiseres ved hjelp av forskjellige organismer som inkluderer planter og dyr. Den i det minste ene allergenkilde kan være et dyr, mere spesielt et pattedyr. Dyr er kjent til å være en kilde for allergener. Disse allergener er vanligvis til stede i flass eller hudflak fra dyr (for eksempel katt og hund), så vel som deres spytt og urin. Pattedyr utskiller for eksempel allergener også i melk. Følgelig inneholder pattedyr slik som ku, hest, geit, sau, kamel og buffalo en høy mengde allergener. cDNA og DNA som anvendes for å identifisere slike allergener kan isoleres fra pattedyr som gir melk, hvorved DNA eller cDNA foretrukket er oppnådd fra brystkjertelvevet.
En annen kilde for allergener er midd slik som husstøvmidd, fisk, egg osv. Disse dyr er kjent for å produsere substanser som fører til allergisk reaksjon i individer. En ytterligere allergenkilde er planter. Spesielt ugress og nøtter er kjent til å produsere allergener. Selvfølgelig er trær, slik som bjørk, også en kilde for allergener. DNA (slik som genomisk DNA eller andre typer av DNA med unntak av cDNA) eller cDNA kan oppnås fra allergenkilden slik som pattedyrmelk, foretrukket kumelk eller næringsformuleringer som inneholder pattedyrmelk, foretrukket kumelk ved hjelp av metoder som er kjent innen teknikken. Disse nukleinsyremolekyler er foretrukket oppnådd fra celler og vev som er kjent eller som er forventet til å produsere allergener. For å redusere mengden av kloner som skal screenes for å identifisere allergener, er det imidlertid foretrukket å insertere cDNA molekyler (cDNA molekyler er avledet fra mRNA) i ekspresjonsbiblioteker, fordi disse molekylene reflekterer samlingen av proteiner og peptider som uttrykkes i de respektive cellene og vevet. I overensstemmelse med den foreliggende oppfinnelse kan en hvilken som helst metode anvendes for å fremstille en cDNA fra en celle som uttrykker (eventuelt) allergener. Slike metoder er vel kjent for en fagkyndig på området (se for eksempel Sambrook et al., ”Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual,” 2nd ED. (1989) an Ausubel, F. B. et al., ”Current Protocols in Molecular Biology,” (Current Protocol, 1994)). Der er også en rekke kommersielt tilgjengelige kit for å oppnå dobbelttrådet cDNA, for eksempel Superscript II eller Superscript III kitet (Invitrogen, USA, katalog nr.18580008), ”the Great Lengths cDNA Synthesis kit” (Clonteck, USA, katalog nr. K-1048-1), cDNA syntesekitet (Stratagene, USA, katalog nr.200301), og lignende. DNA og DNA molekylene kan ligeres til linker DNA sekvenser inneholdende passende restriksjonsenzym-gjenkjenningsseter. Slike linker DNA’er er også kjent innen teknikken og er kommersielt tilgjengelige, for eksempel fra Promega Corporation, USA og fra New England Biolabs, USA. cDNA og DNA molekylene kan videre underkastes restriksjonsenzymkutting, størrelsesfraksjonering på kolonner eller geler, eller en hvilken som helst annen passende metode som er kjent for en fagkyndig på området.
cDNA og DNA biblioteket inserteres deretter inn i ekspresjonsvektorer som kan omfatte en nukleotidsekvens som koder for en merking (tag), sekvenser som styrer DNA replikasjon i bakterieceller, sekvenser som styrer DNA transkripsjon og mRNA translasjon i eukaryotiske celler og lignende. Passende ekspresjonsvektorer som omfatter de ønskede regulerende elementer er kjent innen teknikken. cDNA eller DNA molekylet som beskrevet heri ovenfor kan designes for direkte introduksjon eller for introduksjon via liposomer, fag-vektorer eller virale vektorer (for eksempel adenoviral, retroviral) inn i en celle. En typisk pattedyr-ekspresjonsvektor inneholder promoterelementet, som medierer initieringen av transkripsjon av mRNA, protein-kodesekvensen og signaler som kreves for termineringen av transkripsjon og polyadenylering av transkriptet. Dessuten kan elementer slik som replikasjons-origo, legemiddelresistensgen, regulatorer (som del av en induserbar promoter) også være inkludert. lac promoteren er en typisk induserbar promoter, anvendbar for prokaryotiske celler, som kan induseres ved å anvende laktoseanalogen isopropyltiol-b-D-galaktosid (”IPTG”). For rekombinant ekspresjon og sekresjon, kan cDNA eller DNA molekylet av interesse være ligert (beskrevet i Ghahroudi et al, 1997, FEBS Letters 414:521-526). Ytterligere elementer kan inkludere enhancere, Kozak sekvenser og intervenerende sekvenser flankert med donor og akseptor-seter for RNA spleising. Høy-effektiv transkripsjon kan oppnås med de tidlige og sene promotere fra SV40, long terminal repeats (LTR’er) fra retroviruser, RSV, HTLVI, HIVI, og den tidlige promoter fra cytomegalovirus (CMV). Cellulære elementer kan imidlertid også anvendes (for eksempel den humane aktin-promoter). Alternativt kan det rekombinante protein eller peptid uttrykkes i stabile cellelinjer som inneholder genkonstruktet integrert inn i et kromosom. Ko-transfeksjonen med en selekterbar markør slik som dhfr, gpt, neomycin, hygromycin tillater identifikasjonen og isoleringen av de transfekterte cellene. Ekspresjonsvektorene vil foretrukket inkludere minst en selekterbar markør. Representative eksempler på passende verter inkluderer, men er ikke begrenset til bakterieceller slik som E. coli, Streptomyces og Salmonella tyhimurium celler; soppceller, slik som gjærceller; insektsceller slik som Drosophila S2 og Spodoptera Sf9 celler; dyreceller slik som CHO, COS, 293 og Bowes melanomceller; og planteceller. Passende dyrkingsmedier og betingelser for de ovennevnte vertceller er kjent innen teknikken. Insersjonen av cDNA og DNA bibliotek (cDNA eller DNA pool av en spesifikk celle eller vev) molekylene inn i ekspresjonsvektorer resulterer i ekspresjonsbiblioteker.
Ekspresjonsbiblioteket som anvendes for å uttrykke cDNA og DNA molekylene av allergenkilden er foretrukket et fagdisplaybibliotek eller et bakterieekspresjonsbibliotek. Medlemmene (”konstrukter”) i disse biblioteker inserteres deretter inn i celler som er i stand il å uttrykke proteinene og peptidene som kodes for cDNA og DNA. Foretrukne celler velges ut fra typen av vektorer som anvendes for å danne cDNA og DNA bibliotekene. Dersom vektorene er designet for bakterieekspresjon, er cellene bakterieceller. cDNA og DNA bibliotekene innføres i cellene ved å anvende metoder (for eksempel transformasjon) som er vel kjent for en fagkyndig på området og for eksempel beskrevet i Sambrook et al., Molecular Cloning: a Laboratory Manual, 2nd Ed Cold Spring Harbor Press (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.1989). De neste trinn for dyrking av bakterieceller for å selektere transformanter og for å produsere individuelle bakteriekolonier (kloner) er vel kjent innen teknikken. Etter seleksjon av transformanter på agarplater, kan de dyrkede bakteriekoloniene plukkes individuelt og anvendes for å inokulere flytende dyrkingsmedier oppstilt i arrayer i et rutemønster for å danne rutemønstrede bakteriestammeløsninger, for eksempel i 96-brønns mikrotiterplater. Denne oppstilling tillater representativ vekst av hver bakterieklon i en uavhengig brønn og forenkler påfølgende sub-seleksjon av pooler av kloner som skårer positivt.
Det er særlig foretrukket å anvende vektorer for ekspresjonsbiblioteket som kan utskille de dannede proteinene og peptidene til cellens ytre. De utskilte proteinene og peptidene kan videre omfatte et membran-forankringsdomene som tillater immobilisering av de uttrykte molekylene på cellenes overflate. Metoder og midler for å danne slike biblioteker er kjent for den fagkyndige på området.
For å bestemme bindingen av allergenspesifikke IgE molekyler til peptidene og/eller proteinene kodet for av cDNA og DNA bibliotekene, immobiliseres det i det minste ene protein eller peptid på en fast bærer. Den faste bærer bringes etterpå i kontakt med IgE molekyler avledet fra individer som lider av en allergi og binding av nevnte IgE molekyler på nevnte faste bærer bestemmes.
Bindingen av IgE til proteiner og peptider immobilisert på en fast bærer kan oppnås ved å anvende antistoffer eller fragmenter derav som er i stand til å binde til IgE. Slike antistoffer er vel kjent innen teknikken.
Den faste bærer som kan anvendes i overensstemmelse med oppfinnelsen kan være en membran, foretrukket en nitrocellulosemembran. Det er spesielt foretrukket at disse membraner bringes i kontakt med bakteriekolonier som bærer cDNA eller DNA biblioteket til stede på en agarplate for å danne et replika av disse kolonier. Denne replika kan anvendes for å detektere binding av allergenspesifikk IgE til spesifikke kolonier.
Basofile celler eller mastceller som er blitt lastet med allergenspesifikk IgE fra individer som lider av en allergi kan anvendes for å bestemme det allergene potensial til proteinene eller peptidene kodet for av DNA eller cDNA biblioteket. De basofile cellene eller mastcellene kan være fra et hvilket som helst pattedyr, idet det er foretrukket å anvende humaniserte basofile rotte-leukemi (RBL) celler (for eksempel klon RBL-703/21). Celler kan humaniseres ved å introdusere og uttrykke DNA som koder for hele eller en del av en human Fc-reseptor, foretrukket DNA som koder for hele eller en del av en human IgE-reseptor I. Metoder for produksjon av humaniserte celler er kjent innen teknikken. Metoden som beskrevet i Hoffmann et al. (loc. lit.) anvendes foretrukket for fremstilling av humaniserte cellekulturer. Metoder for fremstilling av strippede basofiler er beskrevet i Kleine Budde et al. (Int Arch Allergy Immunol, 126(4)).
Etter identifikasjonen av proteinene/peptidene som er i stand til å binde til allergenspesifikk IgE blir aminosyresekvensen til det i det minste ene proteinet eller peptidet som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet som bestemt i trinn c) foretrukket bestemt, og det i det minste ene proteinet eller peptidet som er i stand til å binde til allergenspesifikk IgE syntetiseres kjemisk eller produseres rekombinant før trinn d) og kan anvendes i trinn d).
I henhold til en foretrukket utførelsesform av den foreliggende oppfinnelse omfatter fremgangsmåten ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse videre et trinn med å bestemme aminosyresekvensen til det i det minste ene protein eller peptid identifisert i trinn e).
Aminosyresekvensen til proteinene eller peptidene kodet for og uttrykt ved DNA eller cDNA biblioteket kan for eksempel bestemmes ved massespektrometri eller ved Edman degradering. Dersom en slik metode anvendes, må proteinene og/eller peptidene uttrykt ved DNA eller cDNA biblioteket isoleres før aminosyresekvensering. Isoleringen kan oppnås ved metoder som er kjent innen teknikken. For å forenkle isoleringen av proteinene eller peptidene kan de bli fusjonert til en merking (for eksempel histidinmerking). Alternativt, er det også mulig å isolere det respektive DNA eller cDNA klonet og sekvensere DNA eller cDNA innskudd.
Passende metoder for å bestemme en aminosyresekvens i proteinene og peptidene inkluderer, men er ikke begrenset til, Edman degradering, (tandem) massespektrometri og lignende (se for eksempel Edman, P. Mol. Biol. Biochem. Biophys., (1970), 8:211-255; US 6799 121). Aminosyresekvensen til proteinene og peptidene kan sammenlignes med aminosyresekvenser til kjente proteiner. Betegnelsen ”massespektrometri” som anvendt heri inkluderer forskjellige metoder slik som tandem-massespektrometri, matriks-assistert laserdesorpsjons-ionisering (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) massespektrometri, MALDI-TOF-TOF massespektrometri, MALDI Quadrupole-time-of-flight (Q-TOF) massespektrometri, elektrosprayionisering (ESI) –TOF massespektrometri, ESI-Q-TOF, ESI-TOF-TOF, ESI-ione felle-massespektrometri, ESI trippel kvadrupol massespektrometri, ESI Fourier Transform massespektrometri (FTMS), MALDI-FTMS, MALDI-ion felle-TOF og ESI-ione felle TOF. Disse massespektrometri metodene er vel kjent innen teknikken (se for eksempel Gary Siuzdak, ”Mass Spectrometry for Biotechnology”, Academic Press, NY, (1996)). På sitt mest grunnleggende nivå involverer massespektrometri ionisering av et molekyl og deretter måling av massen av det resulterende ion. Da molekyler ioniserer på en måte som er vel kjent, kan molekylvekten av molekylet generelt bestemmes nøyaktig fra ionets masse. Tandem massespektrometri kan for eksempel anvendes for å identifisere proteiner fordi det kan tilveiebringe informasjon i tillegg til moderion-molekylvekt. Tandem massespektrometri involverer oppnåelse av et massespekter for ionet av interesse, deretter fragmenteres dette ion, og det oppnås et massespekter av fragmentene. Tandem massespektrometri tilveiebringer således både molekylvektinformasjon og et fragmenteringsmønster som kan anvendes i kombinasjon sammen med molekylvektinformasjonen for å identifisere den nøyaktige sekvensen av et peptid eller protein (se for eksempel Hunt et al. (1996) PNAS USA 83:6233-6237; Shevchenko et al. (1996) PNAS USA 93: 14440-14445; Figeys et al. (1996) Anal. Chem.
68:1822-1828 og Wilm et al. (1996) Nature 379:466-469.
Betegnelsen ”pattedyrmelk, foretrukket kumelkinneholdende prøve” i overensstemmelse med den foreliggende søknad refererer til en matprøve eller en næringsmiddelprøve som inneholder pattedyrmelk, foretrukket kumelk. Ikkebegrensende eksempler er (ku) melk, ostemasse, krem, smør, yoghurt og matvarer som inneholder noen av disse. I nevnte melk, foretrukket kumelkinneholdende prøve, er nevnte i det minste ene av proteinene eller peptidene til stede i en mengde som tillater bestemmelse av allergenisiteten for en melk, foretrukket kumelkinneholdende prøve. Vanligvis er en mengde i området mikrogram eller nanogram av et protein eller peptid tilstrekkelig for å bestemme allergenisitet. Proteinene og peptidene identifisert i figur 1A, 1B og 1C (SEQ ID nr.22-84) og tabell 1A, 1B og tabell 2 (SEQ ID nr.1-21) kan anvendes for å bestemme om en prøve som inneholder kumelk omfatter allergene molekyler. Hvis kun ett av proteinene eller peptidene er til stede i en kumelkinneholdende prøve, betraktes prøven som allergen.
Det i det minste ene protein og peptid bestemmes foretrukket ved en immunoassay som involverer antistoffer eller fragmenter derav som binder til proteinene eller peptidene som er identifisert i figur 1A, 1B og 1C (SEQ ID nr.22-84) og tabell 1A, 1B og tabell 2 (SEQ ID nr.1-21).
Det i det minste ene protein og/eller peptid bestemmes foretrukket ved massespektrometri. For å identifisere pattedyrmelken, foretrukket kumelkkomponenter tilstede i en prøve som omfatter pattedyrmelk, foretrukket kumelk, kan massespektrometri anvendes. Massespektrometri tillater identifikasjon av melkekomponentene som identifisert i figur 1A, 1B og 1C (SEQ ID nr.22-84) og tabell 1A, 1B og tabell 2 (SEQ ID nr.1-21). En sammenligning mellom fragmentene til stede i prøven med proteiner og peptider i figur 1A, 1B og 1C (SEQ ID nr.
22-84) og tabell 1A, 1B og tabell 2 (SEQ ID nr.1-21) tillater å bestemme om nevnte prøve omfatter allergene substanser avledet fra kumelk.
For å oppnå bedre resultater blir proteinene og peptidene som er tilstede i prøven foretrukket isolert før massespektrometri. Denne isolering kan gjennomføres ved en elektroforesemetode, foretrukket to-dimensjonal elektroforese, eller høyytelsesvæskekromatografi.
Screening av produkt/proteiner/peptider i IgE bindingsanalysen (trinn c)) og basofil (humaniserte mastceller) degranulering tilveiebringer faktisk data for potensielle allergenisitet, og disse metoder anvendes i klinisk praksis. cDNA ekspresjonsbibliotekdata vil imidlertid addere en fullstendig liste av potensielle allergene peptider/peptidsekvenser for spesielle allergener (for eksempel kumelk). Den foreliggende oppfinnelse kombinerer disse metoder (forbedret deteksjon av potensielle allergene strukturer), som muliggjør bruk av massespektrometri for å verifisere tilstedeværelsen av disse potensielle allergene strukturer i produktmatriser. Kombinasjonen av en sekvens-database av allergene melkeproteiner og peptider etablert i kombinasjon med IgE reaktivitet og degranulering (bioaktivitet) bør tjene som en basis for utviklingen av en mere pålitelig, sensitiv og reproduserbar metode for å bedømme og forutsi allergenisiteten til produkter inneholdende melk. Skjønt en tilsvarende metode er blitt anvendt for identifikasjonen av gresspollenallergener (Ball et al.1994, Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol.269; Issue of Nov 11, p.28323-28328), er funnene i forbindelse med den foreliggende oppfinnelse likevel overraskende, da en fagkyndig på området ikke ville ha overveiet muligheten om at metodene i henhold til læren ifølge Ball et al.1994 eller en tilsvarende metode vellykket kunne anvendes på melkeallergener. For videre forklaring, avhenger IgE-binding av gresspollenallergener så vel som IgE-binding til andre respiratoriske allergener kritisk av aminosyrerester som er spredt over allergenet. Således vil gresspollenallergener og respiratoriske allergener generelt samles i konformasjonsmessige (diskontinuerlig) IgE epitoper. Vrtatla et al. (J. Clin. Invest, Vol 99, No 7, p- 1673-1681) viser at tap av denne konformasjon, for eksempel i rekombinante fragmenter avledet fra konformasjonelle allergener, fører til drastisk redusert kapasitet av IgE-binding og histaminfrigivelse fra pasienters basofiler. I motsetning til gresspollenallergener og respiratoriske allergener, har melkeallergener og næringsmiddelallergener generelt epitoper som ikke er konformasjonelle men ikke-foldet (Järvinen et al., Int Arch Allergy Immunol. Vol 126, p.111-118 and Järvinen et al., Allergy, Vol 62, p.758-765). Den kjente teknikk erkjenner således kun IgE-binding av ikke-foldede allergener avledet for eksempel fra melk og egg. Frigivelsen av en mediator fra basofile celler eller mastceller er ikke blitt vist eller foreslått så langt oppfinnerne vet. Ved å overveie læren ifølge Vrtatla et al (loc. lit.) ville den fagkyndige på området anta at fragmenter av allergene og rekombinante produserende allergener i melk som ikke har IgE-reaktivitet, heller ikke ville ha kapasitet til å indusere histamin-frigivelse fra pasienters basofiler. Likeledes, ved å se på læren i Vrtatla et al (loc. lit.) ville den fagkyndige på området anta at fragmenter av allergener og rekombinant produserte allergener i melk som har IgE-reaktivitet, også ville ha evne til å indusere histaminfrigivelse fra pasienters basofiler. Trinnet med ytterligere testing av histaminfrigivelse av IgE-reaktive melkeproteiner og peptider viste seg derfor, i henhold til den kjente teknikk, å være overflødig. I motsetning, har oppfinnerne overraskende funnet at kun en metode som inkluderer trinnene med IgE-reaktivitet og frigivelse av en mediator fra basofile celler eller mastceller kan pålitelig identifisere allergene melkeproteiner og peptider. Det skal videre bemerkes at den kombinerte testing av IgE reaktivitet og frigivelse av en mediator tillater den pålitelige fastsettelse av allergenisitet for et protein eller peptid avledet fra melk. Avhengig av individet som skal testes kan proteiner og peptider enten indusere frigivelse av en mediator eller ikke. Således kan ikke-allergene proteiner og peptider som kun utviser IgE-reaktivitet uten å mediere frigivelse av en mediator fra basofile celler eller mastceller, skjelne fra allergener, proteiner eller peptider (allergener). Derfor kan kun fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen pålitelig fastslå allergenisitet av et protein eller peptid ifølge oppfinnelsen for et spesielt individ, dvs. spesifikt skjelnes fra ikke-allergen IgE-binding. Det var særlig overraskende at fremgangsmåtene ifølge oppfinnelsen førte til identifikasjonen av peptidene indikert i tabell 1A, 1B og tabell 2 (SEQ ID nr.1-22), da disse peptider alle er ikkefoldede peptider og har følgelig ikke konformasjonelle epitoper.
En forbedret metode for å detektere potensielle allergener ved å anvende cDNA ekspesjonsbiblioteket fulgte opp et fag-peptid ekspresjonssystem og funksjonell screening ved å anvende IgE binding og IgE mediert basofil celle degranulering eller mastcelle degranulering. Denne tilnærming muliggjør å måle/screene og forutsi tilstedeværelse av potensielle matallergener i råmaterialer, ingredienser og i sluttprodukt for et formål utvikle og produsere næringsformuleringer.
De allergene proteinene eller peptidene som spesifikt er angitt heri eller identifisert ved femgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen som beskrevet kan anvendes for å diagnostisere en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i et individ, foretrukket en melkeallergi eller predisposisjon for en melkeallergi.
Diagnosen av en allergi involverer generelt at man har en hudtest eller blodtest for å finne ut hvilken substans, eller allergen, som utløser en allergisk respons i et individ. Hudtester foretrekkes vanligvis fordi de er raske, pålitelige og generelt mindre kostbare enn blodtester, men begge typer av tester kan anvendes. For en hudtest, blir en passende mengde av minst ett allergent protein eller peptid som spesifikt angitt heri eller identifisert ved fremgangsmåtene beskrevet heri anbrakt på eller under huden for å bestemme om en allergisk reaksjon utvikles. Der et tre typer av foretrukne hudtester: (1) Hud-prikktesten gjennomføres ved å anbringe en dråpe av en løsning som inneholder nevnte i det minste ene allergene protein eller peptid (allergen oppløsning) på huden, og en rekke skrapinger eller nålestikk tillater oppløsningen å gå inn i huden. Dersom huden utvikler et rødt, hovent, kløende område (betegnet en blemme), betyr det vanligvis at personen er allergisk overfor dette allergen. Dette kalles en positiv reaksjon. (2) under den intradermale testen, blir en liten mengde av allergenoppløsningen injisert inn i huden. En intradermal allergitest kan gjennomføres når en substans ikke bevirker en reaksjon i hud-prikktesten men idet man fremdeles mistenker at substansen er et allergen for denne person. (3) For en hud-flekk test, blir allergenoppløsningen anbrakt på en kompress som tapes til huden i omtrent 24 til 72 timer. Denne test anvendes for å detektere en hudallergi som betegnes kontaktdermatitt. I en blodtest kan en allergi i et individ bestemmes ved trinnene med (i) å bringe i det minste ett protein eller peptid identifisert ved fremgangsmåtene ifølge oppfinnelsen eller spesifikt angitt heri i kontakt med en blodprøve, serumprøve eller plasmaprøve fra nevnte individ, og (ii) bestemme om nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid binder til et IgE antistoff i nevnte blodprøve, serumprøve eller plasmaprøve, hvori binding av nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid til et IgE antistoff er indikasjon på en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i nevnte individ; og/eller å bringe i det minste ett protein eller peptid identifisert i fremgangsmåten ifølge oppfinnelsen eller spesifikt angitt heri i kontakt med basofile celler eller mastceller til nevnte individ, og (ii’) bestemme om nevnte basofile celler eller mastceller frigir, ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, minst en mediator, eller degranulerer ved kontakt med det i det minste ene protein eller peptid, hvori frigivelse av nevnte i det minste ene mediator ved kontakt med nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid eller degranulering ved kontakt med nevnte i det minste ene protein eller peptid er en indikasjon på en allergi eller en predisposisjon for en allergi i nevnte individ.
I tillegg kan de allergene proteiner eller peptider som spesifikt er angitt heri eller identifisert ved fremgangsmåter ifølge oppfinnelsen som beskrevet, anvendes i en allergen-immunoterapi av en allergi i et individ.
Allergen-immunoterapi (også betegnet hypo-sensibiliseringsterapi, immunologisk desensibilisering eller allergen-spesifikk immunoterapi) som anvendt heri er en form for immunoterapi for allergiske lidelser hvori pasienten vaksineres med økende større doser av et allergen med det formål å indusere immunologisk toleranse. Allergen-immunoterapi er den eneste behandlingsstrategi som behandler den underliggende årsaken til den allergiske lidelsen. Det er en svært kostnadseffektiv behandlingsstrategi som resulterer i en forbedret livskvalitet og en reduksjon i allergiske og allergenrelaterte symptomer. Immunoterapi har også blitt vist til å gi langtidsremisjon av allergiske symptomer, redusere alvorligheten av assosierte allergiske reaksjoner som vel som å redusere forandringene i utvikling av nye sensibiliseringer overfor allergener. Dette oppnås via immunoterapi som modulerer immunsystemresponsen overfor allergener. Allergen-immunoterapi kan enten redusere behovet for medikasjon, alvorligheten av symptomer eller i det hele tatt eliminere hypersensibilitet. Dessuten er allergenspesifikk immunoterapi den eneste behandlingsmuligheten som er kjent til modifisere allergi sykdomsprosessen (med en mulig sjanse om helbredelse av sykdommen), mens andre terapier kun undertrykker symptomene.
Det er foretrukket at det i det minste ene proteinet eller peptidet beskrevet heri for anvendelse i hvilken som helst av de heri beskrevne fremgangsmåter eller anvendelser for å diagnostisere eller fremgangsmåter og anvendelser for allergenimmunoterapi er tilstede i en farmasøytisk sammensetning. Betegnelsen ”farmasøytisk sammensetning” som anvendt heri vedrører en sammensetning for administrering til en pasient, foretrukket en human pasient. Den farmasøytiske sammensetningen omfatter forbindelsene som angitt ovenfor. Den kan eventuelt omfatte ytterligere molekyler som er i stand til å endre egenskapene til forbindelsene beskrevet heri for derved, f.eks., å stabilisere, modellere og/eller aktivere deres funksjon. Sammensetningen kan være i fast form, flytende form eller gassform og kan blant annet være i form av et pulver/pulvere, en tablett/tabletter, en oppløsing/oppløsinger eller en aerosol/aerosoler. Den farmasøytiske sammensetningen kan, eventuelt og i tillegg, omfatte en farmasøytisk aksepterbar bærer. Eksempler på passende farmasøytiske bærere er vel kjent innen teknikken og inkluderer fosfatbufret saltvannoppløsninger, vann, emulsjoner, slik som olje/ vann-emulsjoner, forskjellige typer av fuktemidler, sterile oppløsninger, organiske løsingsmidler som inkluderer DMSO osv.
Sammensetninger som omfatter slike bærere kan formuleres ved hjelp av vel kjente konvensjonelle metoder. Disse farmasøytiske sammensetninger kan administreres til individet i en passende dose. Doseringsregimet vil bestemmes av den behandlende legen og av kliniske faktorer. Som vel kjent innen det medisinske fagområdet, vil doseringer for en hvilken som helst pasient avhenge av en rekke faktorer, som inkluderer pasientens størrelse, kroppsoverflateareal, alder, den spesielle forbindelsen som skal administreres, kjønn, tid og administreringsrute, generell helse og andre legemidler som administreres samtidig. Den terapeutiske effektive mengden for en gitt situasjon ville bestemmes ved rutineforsøk og er innenfor kunnskap og vurderingsevne til den ordinære kliniker eller lege. Den farmasøytiske sammensetning for anvendelse som definert heri kan formuleres på konvensjonell måte i henhold til metoder som man finner innen den kjente teknikk, ved å anvende en eller flere fysiologiske bærere eller eksipienser, se f.eks. Ansel et al., ”Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms and Drug Delivery Systems”, 7th edition, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Publishers, 1999. Den farmasøytiske sammensetningen kan følgelig administreres oralt, parenteralt, slik som subkutant, intravenøst, intramuskulært, intraperitonealt, intratekalt, transdermalt, trensmukosalt, subduralt, lokalt eller topisk via iontoforese, sublingvalt, ved inhalasjonsspray, aerosol eller rektalt og lignende i doseringsenhetsformulering som eventuelt omfatter konvensjonelle farmasøytisk aksepterbare hjelpestoffer. Den farmasøytiske sammensetningen som definert heri kan administreres som eneste aktive middel eller kan administreres i kombinasjon med andre midler.
Eksemplene illustrerer oppfinnelsen.
EKSEMPLER
Eksempel 1: Identifikasjon av cDNA sekvenser som koder for IgE-reaktive melkekomponenter og fragmenter derav.
For identifikasjon av IgE-reaktive proteiner og IgE-reaktive proteinfragmenter inneholdt i kumelk, ble et ekspresjons cDNA bibliotek ved å anvende brytkjertelvev fra en ku som gir melk først konstruert. Dette bibliotek ble screenet med serum fra kumelkallergiske pasienter. cDNA’er som koder for IgE-reaktiv full-lengde alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta-, kappakasein og beta-laktoglobulin så vel som IgE-reaktive fragmenter derav ble identifisert. Dette er et heller overraskende resultat da pattedyrproteinene ble produsert i et bakteriesystem som ikke adderer eukaryotiske post-translasjon modifikasjoner som noen ganger spiller en rolle ved IgE binding som rapportert for de viktigste husstøv-middallergener (Jacquet et al., 2002). De utledede aminosyresekvensene er vist i figur 1 A-C (SEQ ID nr.22-84). Det oppnådde IgE-reaktive allergenfragmenter tillater å trekke konklusjoner om lokaliseringen av IgE epitoper.
Eksperimentell protokoll
Bovine brystkjertler ble oppnådd fra en ku (rase ”Fleckvieh”), og friskt vev ble umiddelbart nedfrosset og lagret ved -80<o>C inntil bruk. Total RNA fra vevet ble isolert og cDNA oppnådd ved å anvende et cDNA syntesesystem. Det rensede cDNA ble innført i lambda fager ved å anvende Lambda gt11/EcoR I/CIAP-Treated/Gigapack III Cloning Kit (Stratagene, La Jolla, CA). E. coli Y1090 celler ble infisert med fagbiblioteket, utplatet på Lb Amp plater (145 mm diameter).
Bakterieproteinekspresjon ble indusert ved å anvende en nitrocellulosemembran (Whatman Schleicher & Schuell, Dassel, Germany). De absorberte proteinene ble inkubert med serum fra CMA pasienter og bundet IgE antistoffer ble detektert med et<125>I-merket anti-IgE antistoff (IBL, Hamburg, Tyskland). Membraner ble eksponert for røntgenfilm (Kodak, Rochester, NY). Positive kloner hvis proteiner var i stand til å binde human IgE viste seg som mørke flekker på røntgenfilmene (et eksempel på et autoradiogram av en slik membran er vist i figur 2).
Fag DNA av de positive kloner ble amplifisert ved å anvende lambda gt11 fremover primer (5’ CGG GAT CCC GGT TTC CAT ATG GGG ATT GGT GGC GAC GAC TCC TGG AGC CCG TGA GTA TCG GCG GAA TTC 3’) og lambda gt11 revers primer (5’ GAA TTC CAG CTG AGC GCC GGT CGC TAC CAT TAC CAG TTG GTC TGG TGT CAA CGG GAT CGC CG 3’) og de amplifiserte PCR produktene ble sekvensert. De oppnådde nukleotidsekvensene ble analysert ved å sammenligne dem med en sekvensdatabase (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/).
Eksempel 2: Uoverensstemmelse mellom allergen aktivitet og IgE reaktivitet for melkekomponenter
For å evaluere om et molekyl har allergen potensiale, må ikke bare dets IgE reaktivitet men også dets biologiske aktivitet demonstreres. En vitenskapelig godkjent modell for å teste biologisk aktivitet av molekyler er induksjonen av histaminfrigivelse fra humane basofile granulocytter (Purohit 2005). For dette formål ble en rotte basofil leukemicellelinje som uttrykket α-kjeden av den humane FcεRI reseptor (Hoffmann et al., Int Arch Allergy Immunol, Vol 126(4), p.277-285) anvendt. Forskjellige melkekomponenter (n=33) som inkluderer hele melkeekstrakter fra forskjellige arter, melkefraksjoner, rensede naturlige og rekombinante kumelkproteiner og rekombinante proteinfragmenter ble testet.
Prosentandeler av 78 pasienter hvis serum IgE antistoffer utløser βheksosaminidasefrigivelse av de humaniserte RBL-celler som svar på de individuelle melkekomponentene ble bestemt (figur 3).
Den mest potente celle-aktiverende komponenten var kumelk med en stimuleringsrate på 47,4% (figur 3, felt ”melkeprøver”). Men også geitemelk og sauemelk ga verdier på henholdsvis 35,9 og 28,2%, som bekrefter kryss-reaktivitet av melkeproteiner fra forskjellige arter. Av enkeltkomponentene, viste de rensede proteinene, kaseinene (AC, BC, KC) så vel som beta-laktoglobulin A (BLGA) de høyeste aktivitetene og utløste en frigivelse i tilfellet av 25 til 34,6% av pasientenes serum. Den rekombinante formen av alfa-laktalbumin (rALA) utløste interessant nok en mye høyere frigivelse enn dens naturlige motpart. Hvert av de syntetiske peptider hadde et heller lavt celleaktiveringspotensial da stimuleringsrater på 2,6 til 7,7% ble nådd. Den biologiske aktiviteten ble sammenlignet med IgE reaktivitet (tabell 2).
Tabell 2: IgE bindingskapasitet og biologisk aktivitet for melkekomponenter; diskrepans mellom IgE og allergisk aktivitet for melkekomponenter. Melkekomponenter viste høyere IgE reaktivitet enn allergen aktivitet i human RBL analyse.
Det overveiende flertall av de testede melkekomponenter slik som kumelk og geitemelk, renset naturlig beta-laktoglobulin variant A og B (BLGA og BLGB) og det rekombinante alfaS1- og (rAS1C) alfaS2-kasein (rAS2C) viste omtrent to ganger høyere prosentandeler IgE reaktivitet enn biologisk aktivitet. Slike funn kan forklares ved tilstedeværelsen av IgE bindingsepitoper, som er i stand til å binde IgE, men som ikke er i stand til å kryss-binde reseptor, bundet IgE og utløse frigivelse av mediatorer. Kun i tilfellet av fem komponenter (rekombinant BSA fragment 3 (F3), rekombinant alfa-laktalbumin (rALA), kukaseinfraksjon (CC), naturlig renset kappa- (KC) og beta-kasein (BC)), nådde prosentandelen av IgE reaktivitet og biologisk aktivitet tilsvarende verdier. Omfanget av degranulering med de syntetiske alfaS1-kaseinavledede peptider var heller lavt og varierte fra omtrent en tiendedel (Cas 3, Cas 4, Cas 5) til en fjerdedel (Cas 2, Cas 6) av aktiviteten av det komplette proteinet.
Det ble funnet at mange av de IgE-reaktive alfaS1-kaseinpeptidene ikke kunne indusere degranulering i basofil frigivelsesanalysen og representerer således IgE-reaktive haptener. Disse peptider (haptener) er således ikke-allergene. Dette resultat innebærer at utelukkende IgE testing vil føre til falske positive konklusjoner med hensyn til å fastslå allergenisitet. På den annen side kan IgE-reaktive haptener være anvendbare som terapeutiske midler for å mette mastcelle-bundet IgE før allergen eksponering og kan være anvendbare kandidater for en sikker immunoterapi av allergiske sykdommer. AlfaS1-kaseinavledede peptider som bandt IgE og utløste basofil frigivelse er blitt ytterligere identifisert, og noen få pasientsera ble identifisert som ikke viser IgE reaktivitet overfor enkelte peptider men induserte basofil degranulering med disse peptider. Det sistnevnte resultatet kan forklares ved den høyere sensitiviteten til den basofile frigivelsesanalysen.
Oppsummert, sammenligning mellom målinger av IgE reaktivitet og biologisk aktivitet avslører at pasientenes serum viser høyere kapasitet i IgE binding enn i induksjonen av basofil degranulering. Det faktum at allergenisitetsanalyser reflekterer et molekyls potensial til å bevirke allergiske symptomer innebærer at målingen av IgE aktivitet alene ikke kan anvendes for å identifisere, med en viss grad av sikkerhet, allergene komponenter, men må komplementeres med en biologisk analyse.
Kombinasjonen av begge analyser, evaluering av IgE bindingskapasitet og biologisk reaktivitet, tillater å oppnå en database inneholdende allergene proteiner/ fragmenter/peptider som kan detekteres ved massespektrometri. Figur 4 viser en liste av sekvenser av allergene melkepeptider og proteiner som representerer en prototype av en slik database. Melkekomponenter testet for serum IgE reaktivitet som for allergen aktivitet er angitt. Informasjon vedrørende allergennavnene, molekylvekter (MW) i kilo Dalton (kDa), funksjon og fremstilling av allergenene så vel som referanser er angitt.
Eksperimentell protokoll
Serum fra 78 pasienter som ble valgt i henhold til en positiv sykdomshistorie, positive hud-prikkreaksjoner og bestemmelse av spesifikk IgE overfor kumelkekstrakt ved å anvende CAP-FEIA systemet (Phadia, Uppsala, Sverige) ble anvendt. Serum ble oppnådd fra fem voksne og 73 barn (30 hunnkjønn og 43 hannkjønn) fra Østerrike, Tyskland, Italia, Spania og Frankrike.
Rensede proteiner og kaseinfraksjoner ble innkjøpt fra Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, US). Rekombinante proteiner og rekombinante BSA fragmenter ble uttrykt i E. coli som beskrevet av Vrtala et al., 1997). AlfaS1-kaseinpeptider ble syntetisert på en Applied Biosystems peptid syntetisator modell 433A som beskrevet (Focke et al., 2001).
Humaniserte basofile leukemi (RBL) celler fra rotte (klon RBL-703/21) ble inkubert i mikrotiterplater over natten ved 37<o>C (7% CO2, 95% fuktighet) med 50 µl humant serum, fortynnet 1:10. Etterpå ble cellene vasket og eksponert for melkekomponenter, fortynne til 0,3 µg/ml protein i Tyrodes buffer inneholdende 50% D2O og 0,1% BSA/HAS i 1 time ved 37<o>C (7% CO2, 95% fuktighet). Spontan frigivelse av cellene ble også evaluert. Til slutt ble cellesupernatantene inkubert med 50 µl analyseoppløsning (0,1 M sitronsyre eller natriumsitrat, pH 4,5, 160 µM 4-metyl-umbelliferyl-N-acetyl-β-D-glukosaminid) i nye mikrotiterplater ved 37<o>C (7% CO2, 95% fuktighet) i 1 time. Reaksjonene ble stanset ved tilsetning av 100 µl glycinbuffer per brønn, og fluorescensen ble målt ved λex 360 og λem: 465 ved å anvende en fluorescens-mikroplate avleser. Spesifikk heksosaminidasefrigivelse i hver prøve ble beregnet ved å anvende formelen: [(FlS – FlSp) : (FLZ – FlSp) x 100 (hvor FlS er fluorescensen for prøven; FlSp er fluorescensen for den spontane frigivelse og FlZ er fluorescensen for den totale frigivelse).
Eksempel 3: Identifikasjon av proteiner og/eller peptider med og uten allergen aktivitet i melkeprøver og i melkeavledede produkter ved massespektrometri.
En sekvensdatabase av allergene melkeproteiner og peptider etablert ved kombinasjonen av IgE reaktivitet og allergen aktivitet kan tjene som basis for utvikling av en pålitelig, reproduserbar, analytisk metode for å fastslå og forutsi allergenisiteten til melkeprøver og melkeavledede produkter. Massespektrometri ble anvendt for å detektere potensielle allergene komponenter i komplekse melkeprøver. Som et eksempel, ble massespektrometri i kombinasjon med oppstrøms-høyytelsesvæskekromatografi (HPLC) ble anvendt for analysen av en kommersielt tilgjengelig, omfattende hydrolysert hypoallergen melkeformulering. Analyse av kromatogrammet vist i figur 5 og ekstrahert massespektre viste at alle proteiner var blitt hydrolysert til små peptider med en maksimal lengde på 14 aminosyrer.
Spesielt viser figur 5 at separasjon av en hydrolysert melkeformulering ved å anvende nano-væskekromatografi etterfulgt av elektrosprayionisering MS.
Presentasjon av totalt ionekromatogram av 1 µm hydrolysert melkeprøve.
Retensjonstider er vist på x-aksen og signalintensiteter i cps (counts per sekund) er vist på y-aksen.
Et databasesøk ved å anvende MASCOT søk algoritmer resulterte i identifikasjonen av en rekke små peptider hvorav tre ble identifisert som melkeavledet allergen, nemlig beta-kasein (Bos d 8 beta, figur 6). I figur 6 er et Mascot søk og identifikasjonen av beta-kasein-avledede peptider i hydrolysert kumelk avbildet. Øverst er beta-kasein, det eneste identifiserte melkeallergen i massespektrometri, nevnt med dens molekylmasse og beregnet pI. Nedenfor er søkeparameterne og den oppnådde sekvens dekning av beta-kasein gitt. Nederst vises beta-kaseinsekvensen med de matchede peptider som er trykt i fet skrift. Beta-kaseinallergenet ble identifiser med peptidmatcher: HQPHQPLPPT (beregnet masse på 1,25 kDa, tilsvarende aa 160-170 av beta-kasein), VYPFPGPIPN (beregnet masse på 1,19 kDa, tilsvarende aa 74-84 i beta-kasein), SSSEE (beregnet masse på 0,65 kDa, tilsvarende aa 31-36 i beta-kasein) og PVVVPP (beregnet masse på 0,87 kDa, tilsvarende aa 96-103 i beta-kasein). I figur 7 er IgE reaktivitetstesting av disse peptider vist (tabell 1: cas b-1, 2, 3 og 4; figur 7). Beta-kaseinavledede peptider identifisert i hydrolysert kumelk er ikke IgE-reaktive. IgE-reaktivitet av nitrocelluose-dotted kumelk (CM), rekombinant beta-kasein (rBC), syntetiske betakaseinavledede peptider (cas b-1, cas b-2, cas- b-3, cas b-4) og rekombinant alfaS1-kasein (rAS1C) ble analysert ved dot-blot analyse. Nitrocellulose-bundet melkekomponenter ble inkubert med serum fra tre kumelk-allergiske pasienter (spor 1, 2 og 3) og et ikke-allergisk individ (spor c). Bundede IgE antistoffer ble detektert med<125>I-merket anti IgE antistoffer. Denne figur og disse resultater viser at de representerer ikke-allergene peptider, dvs. de var for korte til å binde IgE antistoffer og kunne diskrimineres fra allergene og IgE-reaktive peptider som definert i databasen av IgE-reaktive og allergene kumelkavledede peptider/ proteiner. Videre er de forskjellige fra de publiserte hoved IgE bindingsregioner til beta-kasein (aa 1-16, aa 83-92, aa 135-144; Chatchatee 2001). Ingen av de andre IgE-reaktive melkeallergenene og allergenfragmentene oppnådd ved screening av cDNA ekspresjonsbiblioteket (figur 1) ble detektert i den hydrolyserte melkeprøven som derfor kunne identifiseres som et ikke-allergent preparat. Det ble følgelig vist, ved å anvende omfattende hydrolysert melk, at LC-MS analyse kan anvendes for identifikasjonen av ikke-allergene melkepreparater/prøver.
Tabell 1. A) Syntetiske peptider av α-S1-kasein og BSA fragmenter. Navnet på peptidene, deres aminosyresekvens, lengde, pI og molekylvekt i kDa er angitt.
B) Syntetiske peptider av β-kasein: Navnet til peptidene, deres aminosyresekvens, lengde, pl og molekylvekt i kDa er angitt.
Eksperimentell protokoll:
Hydrolysert melkeformulering ble analysert ved revers-fase HPLC ved å anvende et nano-væskekromatografisystem (Ultimate, LC Packings Dionex, The Netherlands) forbundet med nanospray ”interface” av et HCT-Ultra massespektrometer (Bruker Daltonik, Tyskland). Det oppnådde massespekter ble undersøkt mot SwissProt protein databanken ved å anvende MASCOT (Matrix Science, London, United Kingdom) programvare-søkealgoritmer. For dotblotanalyse ble 1 µg protein ”dotted” på nitrocellulose, og inkubert med serum fra melkeallergipasienter fortynnet 1:20 i PBST (PBS, 0,5% volum/volum Tween 20). Bundne IgE antistoffer ble detekter med 1:15 fortynnet<125>I-merket anti-humane IgE antistoffer (IBL, Tyskland)
Eksempel 4: Epitop kartlegging av bovint alfa-laktalbumin (ALA) for å identifisere IgE reaktive ALA-avledede peptider.
Metoder
Syntese av ALA-avledede peptider: ALA-avledede peptider (Lac1-Lac8) fremvist i tabell I ble syntetisert ved å anvende Fmoc (9 fluorenyl-metoksy-karbonyl)-strategien med HBTU [(2-/1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)1,1,3,3-tetrametyluroniumheksafluorfosfat]-aktivering (0,1 mmol små-skala cykluser) på en Applied Biosystems peptid syntetisator modell 433A (Foster City, CA) og renset som beskrevet (Focke et al., Faseb J 15:2042-2044).
IgE reaktivitetstesting med hensyn til ALA-avledede peptider: IgE reaktiviteter for de ALA-avledede peptidene ble bestemt ved mikroarrayanalyse som beskrevet (Schulmeister et al., J Immunol.182(11): 7019-29). Kort ble melkekomponenter spottet på en kapillær-strømningsmembran på et ordinært mikroskop-objektglass og inkubert med 25 µl av pasientenes serum. Bundne IgE antistoffer ble detektert med et fluorescens-konjugert anti-IgE antistoff med en bølgelengde på 670 nm. Grenseverdien ble innstilt for hver pasient som den dobbelte verdien av den individuelle verdien oppnådd med humant serumalbumin.
Resultater
Identifikasjon av ALA epitoper som er reaktive med IgE antistoffer
For å identifisere IgE-reaktive epitoper av ALA, syntetiserte man 8 peptider som strekker seg over ALA sekvensen (tabell 2). De 8 peptidene hadde en lengde på 19-20 aminosyrer med 5 aminosyreoverlappinger. IgE reaktiviteten til de 8 overlappende peptidene ble evaluert ved mikroarrayanalyse ved å anvende serum fra 36 pasienter som viste IgE reaktivitet overfor rALA. Man fant at 30,6% av pasientene reagerte på Lac1, 33,3% på Lac2, 5,6% på Lac4, 2,8% på Lac5, Lac6 og Lac7, og 11,1% på Lac8 (tabell 3). Totalt 19 av de 36 pasientene med IgE reaktivitet for rALA reagerte med minst ett ALA-avledet syntetisk peptid.
Tabell 2. Syntetiske ALA-avledede peptider<a>
<a>Forkortelser anvendt i tabellen: Lac1-Lac8, ALA-avledede peptider 1-8; aa, aminosyrer; pI, isoelektrisk punkt; MW, molekylvekt; kDa, kilo Dalton.
Tabell 3. IgE bindingskapasitet av alfa-laktalbumin-avledede peptider testet med serum fra 36 pasienter med IgE reaktivitet overfor rALA
SEKVENSLISTE
<110> Valenta, Rudolph
Van Tol, Ric
Herz, Udo
Focke-Tejkl, Margarete
Hochwallner, Heidrun
Schulmeister, Ulrike
Swoboda, Ines
<120> METHOD FOR IDENTIFYING ALLERGENIC PROTEINS AND PEPTIDES <130> R2869 PCT
<150> US 61/196,417
<151> 2008-10-17
<160> 84
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
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Arg Pro Lys His Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu 1 5 10 15
Asn Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Cys 20 25 30
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Phe Gly Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu 1 5 10 15
Ser Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu 20 25 30
Ser
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Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His 1 5 10 15
Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Glu Gln 20 25 30
Leu Leu Arg Cys
35
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Cys Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser 1 5 10 15
Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln 20 25 30
Lys Glu
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Cys Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu 1 5 10 15
Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp 20 25 30
Tyr Tyr Val
35
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Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro 1 5 10 15
Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 20 25 30
Cys
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Met Arg Gly Val Phe Arg Arg Asp Thr His Lys Ser Glu Ile Ala His 1 5 10 15
Arg Phe Lys Asp Leu Gly Glu Glu His Phe Lys Gly Leu Val Leu Ile 20 25 30
Ala Phe Ser Gln Tyr Leu Gln Gln Cys Pro Phe Asp Glu His Val Lys 35 40 45
Leu Val Asn Glu Leu Thr Glu Phe Ala Lys Thr Cys Val Ala Asp Glu 50 55 60
Ser His Ala Gly Cys Glu Lys Ser Leu His Thr Leu Phe Gly Asp Glu 65 70 75 80
Leu Cys Lys Val Ala Ser Leu Arg Glu Thr Tyr Gly Asp Met Ala Asp 85 90 95
Cys Cys Glu Lys Gln Glu Pro Glu Arg Asn Glu Cys Phe Leu Ser His 100 105 110
Lys Asp Asp Ser Pro Asp Leu Pro Lys Leu Lys Pro Asp Pro Asn Thr 115 120 125
Leu Cys Asp Glu Phe Lys Ala Asp Glu Lys Lys Phe Trp Gly Lys Tyr 130 135 140
Leu Tyr Glu Ile Ala Arg Arg His Pro Tyr Phe Tyr Ala Pro Glu Leu 145 150 155 160
Leu Tyr Tyr Ala Asn Lys Tyr Asn Gly Val Phe Gln Glu Cys Cys Gln 165 170 175
Ala Glu Asp Lys Gly Ala Cys Leu Leu Pro Lys Ile Glu Thr Met Arg 180 185 190
Glu Lys Val Leu Thr Ser Ser His His His His His His
195 200 205
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Met Ala Arg Gln Arg Leu Arg Cys Ala Ser Ile Gln Lys Phe Gly Glu 1 5 10 15
Arg Ala Leu Lys Ala Trp Ser Val Ala Arg Leu Ser Gln Lys Phe Pro 20 25 30
Lys Ala Glu Phe Val Glu Val Thr Lys Leu Val Thr Asp Leu Thr Lys 35 40 45
Val His Lys Glu Cys Cys His Gly Asp Leu Leu Glu Cys Ala Asp Asp 50 55 60
Arg Ala Asp Leu Ala Lys Tyr Ile Cys Asp Asn Gln Asp Thr Ile Ser 65 70 75 80
Ser Lys Leu Lys Glu Cys Cys Asp Lys Pro Leu Leu Glu Lys Ser His 85 90 95
Cys Ile Ala Glu Val Glu Lys Asp Ala Ile Pro Glu Asn Leu Pro Pro 100 105 110
Leu Thr Ala Asp Phe Ala Glu Asp Lys Asp Val Cys Lys Asn Tyr Gln 115 120 125
Glu Ala Lys Asp Ala Phe Leu Gly Ser Phe Leu Tyr Glu Tyr Ser Arg 130 135 140
Arg His Pro Glu Tyr Ala Val Ser Val Leu Leu Arg Leu Ala Lys Glu 145 150 155 160
Tyr Glu Ala Thr Leu Glu Glu Cys Cys Ala Lys Asp Asp Pro His Ala 165 170 175
Cys Tyr Ser Thr Val Phe Asp Lys Leu Lys His Leu Val Asp Glu His 180 185 190
His His His His His
195
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Met Pro Gln Asn Leu Ile Lys Gln Asn Cys Asp Gln Phe Glu Lys Leu 1 5 10 15
Gly Glu Tyr Gly Phe Gln Asn Ala Leu Ile Val Arg Tyr Thr Arg Lys 20 25 30
Val Pro Gln Val Ser Thr Pro Thr Leu Val Glu Val Ser Arg Ser Leu 35 40 45
Gly Lys Val Gly Thr Arg Cys Cys Thr Lys Pro Glu Ser Glu Arg Met 50 55 60
Pro Cys Thr Glu Asp Tyr Leu Ser Leu Ile Leu Asn Arg Leu Cys Val 65 70 75 80
Leu His Glu Lys Thr Pro Val Ser Glu Lys Val Thr Lys Cys Cys Thr 85 90 95
Glu Ser Leu Val Asn Arg Arg Pro Cys Phe Ser Ala Leu Thr Pro Asp 100 105 110
Glu Thr Tyr Val Pro Lys Ala Phe Asp Glu Lys Leu Phe Thr Phe His 115 120 125
Ala Asp Ile Cys Thr Leu Pro Asp Thr Glu Lys Gln Ile Lys Lys Gln 130 135 140
Thr Ala Leu Val Glu Leu Leu Lys His Lys Pro Lys Ala Thr Glu Glu 145 150 155 160
Gln Leu Lys Thr Val Met Glu Asn Phe Val Ala Phe Val Asp Lys Cys 165 170 175
Cys Ala Ala Asp Asp Lys Glu Ala Cys Phe Ala Val Glu Gly Pro Lys 180 185 190
Leu Val Val Ser Thr Gln Thr Ala Leu Ala His His His His His His <210> 10
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His Gln Pro His Gln Pro Leu Pro Pro Thr Val
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Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro Ile Pro Asn Ser
1 5 10
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Leu Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu
1 5
<210> 13
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Pro Val Val Val Pro Pro Phe Leu
1 5
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Glu Gln Leu Thr Lys Cys Glu Val Phe Arg Glu Leu Lys Asp Leu Lys 1 5 10 15
Gly Tyr Gly
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Leu Lys Gly Tyr Gly Gly Val Ser Leu Pro Glu Trp Val Cys Thr Thr 1 5 10 15
Phe His Thr Ser
20
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Thr Phe His Thr Ser Gly Tyr Asp Thr Gln Ala Ile Val Gln Asn Asn 1 5 10 15
Asp Ser Thr Glu
20
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Asn Asp Ser Thr Glu Tyr Gly Leu Phe Gln Ile Asn Asn Lys Ile Trp 1 5 10 15
Cys Lys Asp Asp
20
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Trp Cys Lys Asp Asp Gln Asn Pro His Ser Ser Asn Ile Cys Asn Ile 1 5 10 15
Ser Cys Asp Lys
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Ile Ser Cys Asp Lys Phe Leu Asp Asp Asp Leu Thr Asp Asp Ile Met 1 5 10 15
Cys Val Lys Lys
20
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Met Cys Val Lys Lys Ile Leu Asp Lys Val Gly Ile Asn Tyr Trp Leu 1 5 10 15
Ala His Lys Ala
20
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Leu Ala His Lys Ala Leu Cys Ser Glu Lys Leu Asp Gln Trp Leu Cys 1 5 10 15
Glu Lys Leu
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Met Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Pro Lys His Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn 20 25 30
Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly 35 40 45
Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr 50 55 60
Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile 65 70 75 80
Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile 85 90 95
Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln 100 105 110
Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro 115 120 125
Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala 130 135 140
Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe 145 150 155 160
Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser 165 170 175
Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro 180 185 190
Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys 195 200 205
Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
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Met Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Pro Lys His Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn 20 25 30
Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly 35 40 45
Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr 50 55 60
Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile 65 70 75 80
Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile 85 90 95
Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln 100 105 110
Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val
115 120
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Thr Cys Leu Val Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Arg Pro Lys His Pro Ile Lys 1 5 10 15
His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Phe 20 25 30
Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu 35 40 45
Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu 50 55 60
Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile 65 70 75 80
Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro 85 90 95
Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys 100 105 110
Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg 115 120 125
Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met 130 135 140
Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg 145 150 155 160
Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val 165 170 175
Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro 180 185 190
Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 195 200 205
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Val Ala Leu Ala Arg Pro Lys His Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe 20 25 30
Pro Glu Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile 35 40 45
Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met 50 55 60
Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val 65 70 75 80
Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu 85 90 95
Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln 100 105 110
Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys 115 120 125
Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln 130 135 140
Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu 145 150 155 160
Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln 165 170 175
Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser 180 185 190
Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
195 200
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His Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn Glu Asn 1 5 10 15
Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly Lys Glu 20 25 30
Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr Glu Asp 35 40 45
Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser 50 55 60
Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys 65 70 75 80
Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu 85 90 95
Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser 100 105 110
Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln 115 120 125
Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro 130 135 140
Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala 145 150 155 160
Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe 165 170 175
Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr 180 185 190
Met Pro Leu Trp
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Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn Glu Asn Leu 1 5 10 15
Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Lys 20 25 30
Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr Glu Asp Gln 35 40 45
Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser 50 55 60
Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu 65 70 75 80
Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg 85 90 95
Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala 100 105 110
Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys 115 120 125
Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu 130 135 140
Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp 145 150 155 160
Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser 165 170 175
Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met 180 185 190
Pro Leu Trp
195
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Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser 1 5 10 15
Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile 20 25 30
Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro 35 40 45
Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu 50 55 60
Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys 65 70 75 80
Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His 85 90 95
Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly 100 105 110
Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe 115 120 125
Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu 130 135 140
Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro 145 150 155 160
Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 165 170
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Gly Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser 1 5 10 15
Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser 20 25 30
Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His 35 40 45
Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu 50 55 60
Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val 65 70 75 80
Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His 85 90 95
Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr 100 105 110
Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro 115 120 125
Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala 130 135 140
Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu 145 150 155 160
Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
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Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu 20 25 30
Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys 35 40 45
Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His 50 55 60
Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly 65 70 75 80
Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe 85 90 95
Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu 100 105 110
Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro 115 120 125
Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 130 135 140
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Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val 1 5 10 15
Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu 20 25 30
Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln 35 40 45
Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln 65 70 75 80
Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu 85 90 95
Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln 100 105 110
Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser 115 120 125
Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
130 135
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Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln 1 5 10 15
Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr 20 25 30
Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu 35 40 45
Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly 50 55 60
Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu 65 70 75 80
Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala 85 90 95
Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr 100 105 110
Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn 115 120 125
Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
130 135
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Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp 1 5 10 15
Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu 20 25 30
Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu 35 40 45
Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu 50 55 60
Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu 65 70 75 80
Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr 85 90 95
Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp 100 105 110
Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro 115 120 125
Leu Trp
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Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu 1 5 10 15
Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn 20 25 30
Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln 35 40 45
Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr 50 55 60
Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly 65 70 75 80
Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser 85 90 95
Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr 100 105 110
Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
115
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Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr 1 5 10 15
Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu 20 25 30
His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile 35 40 45
Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln 50 55 60
Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro 65 70 75 80
Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn 85 90 95
Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 100 105 110
<210> 36
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Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro 1 5 10 15
Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met 20 25 30
Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn 35 40 45
Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln 50 55 60
Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr 65 70 75 80
Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly 85 90 95
Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
100 105
<210> 37
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Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile 20 25 30
His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala 35 40 45
Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr 50 55 60
Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp 65 70 75 80
Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser 85 90 95
Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
100
<210> 38
<211> 95
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Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu 1 5 10 15
His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile 20 25 30
Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln 35 40 45
Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro 50 55 60
Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn 65 70 75 80
Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 85 90 95
<210> 39
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Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys 1 5 10 15
Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu 20 25 30
Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp 35 40 45
Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser 50 55 60
Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met 65 70 75 80
Pro Leu Trp
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<211> 79
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His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile 1 5 10 15
Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln 20 25 30
Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro 35 40 45
Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn 50 55 60
Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 65 70 75
<210> 41
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Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val 1 5 10 15
Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr 20 25 30
Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly 35 40 45
Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile 50 55 60
Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
65 70 75
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<213> Bos taurus
<400> 42
Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe 1 5 10 15
Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser 20 25 30
Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro 35 40 45
Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys 50 55 60
Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
<210> 43
<211> 67
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 43
Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu 1 5 10 15
Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp 20 25 30
Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser 35 40 45
Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met 50 55 60
Pro Leu Trp
65
<210> 44
<211> 58
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 44
Leu Ala Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp 1 5 10 15
Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr 20 25 30
Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu 35 40 45
Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
50 55
<210> 45
<211> 44
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 45
Leu Asp Ala Tyr Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr 1 5 10 15
Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly 20 25 30
Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
35 40
<210> 46
<211> 31
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 46
Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn 1 5 10 15
Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp 20 25 30
<210> 47
<211> 13
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 47
Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
1 5 10
<210> 48
<211> 97
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 48
Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Arg Pro Lys His Pro Ile 1 5 10 15
Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg 20 25 30
Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly Lys Glu Lys Val Asn 35 40 45
Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met 50 55 60
Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu 65 70 75 80
Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val 85 90 95
Pro
<210> 49
<211> 84
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 49
Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met 1 5 10 15
Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val 20 25 30
Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu 35 40 45
Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln 50 55 60
Leu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys 65 70 75 80
Glu Gly Ile His
<210> 50
<211> 60
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
Thr Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser 1 5 10 15
Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His 20 25 30
Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu 35 40 45
Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln
50 55 60
<210> 51
<211> 45
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 51
Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn 1 5 10 15
Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg 20 25 30
Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys
35 40 45
<210> 52
<211> 171
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 52
Met Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Pro Lys His Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn 20 25 30
Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly 35 40 45
Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr 50 55 60
Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile 65 70 75 80
Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile 85 90 95
Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln 100 105 110
Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Gln Leu Glu Ile Val Pro 115 120 125
Asn Ser Ala Glu Glu Arg Leu His Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile His Ala 130 135 140
Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala Tyr Phe 145 150 155 160
Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
165 170
<210> 53
<211> 200
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 53
Met Lys Leu Leu Ile Leu Thr Cys Leu Val Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Pro Lys His Pro Ile Lys His Gln Gly Leu Pro Gln Glu Val Leu Asn 20 25 30
Glu Asn Leu Leu Arg Phe Phe Val Ala Pro Phe Pro Glu Val Phe Gly 35 40 45
Lys Glu Lys Val Asn Glu Leu Ser Lys Asp Ile Gly Ser Glu Ser Thr 50 55 60
Glu Asp Gln Ala Met Glu Asp Ile Lys Gln Met Glu Ala Glu Ser Ile Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ile Val Pro Asn Ser Val Glu Gln Lys His Ile 85 90 95
Gln Lys Glu Asp Val Pro Ser Glu Arg Tyr Leu Gly Tyr Leu Glu Gln 100 105 110
Leu Leu Arg Leu Lys Lys Tyr Lys Val Pro Ser Met Lys Glu Gly Ile 115 120 125
His Ala Gln Gln Lys Glu Pro Met Ile Gly Val Asn Gln Glu Leu Ala 130 135 140
Tyr Phe Tyr Pro Glu Leu Phe Arg Gln Phe Tyr Gln Leu Asp Ala Tyr 145 150 155 160
Pro Ser Gly Ala Trp Tyr Tyr Val Pro Leu Gly Thr Gln Tyr Thr Asp 165 170 175
Ala Pro Ser Phe Ser Asp Ile Pro Asn Pro Ile Gly Ser Glu Asn Ser 180 185 190
Glu Lys Thr Thr Met Pro Leu Trp
195 200
<210> 54
<211> 222
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 54
Met Lys Phe Phe Ile Phe Thr Cys Leu Leu Ala Val Ala Leu Ala Lys 1 5 10 15
Asn Thr Met Glu His Val Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Ile Ser Gln 20 25 30
Glu Thr Tyr Lys Gln Glu Lys Asn Met Ala Ile Asn Pro Ser Lys Glu 35 40 45
Asn Leu Cys Ser Thr Phe Cys Lys Glu Val Val Arg Asn Ala Asn Glu 50 55 60
Glu Glu Tyr Ser Ile Gly Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ala Glu Val Ala 65 70 75 80
Thr Glu Glu Val Lys Ile Thr Val Asp Asp Lys His Tyr Gln Lys Ala 85 90 95
Leu Asn Glu Ile Asn Gln Phe Tyr Gln Lys Phe Pro Gln Tyr Leu Gln 100 105 110
Tyr Leu Tyr Gln Gly Pro Ile Val Leu Asn Pro Trp Asp Gln Val Lys 115 120 125
Arg Asn Ala Val Pro Ile Thr Pro Thr Leu Asn Arg Glu Gln Leu Ser 130 135 140
Thr Ser Glu Glu Asn Ser Lys Lys Thr Val Asp Met Glu Ser Thr Glu 145 150 155 160
Val Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Lys Leu Thr Glu Glu Glu Lys Asn Arg Leu 165 170 175
Asn Phe Leu Lys Lys Ile Ser Gln Arg Tyr Gln Lys Phe Ala Leu Pro 180 185 190
Gln Tyr Leu Lys Thr Val Tyr Gln His Gln Lys Ala Met Lys Pro Trp 195 200 205
Ile Gln Pro Lys Thr Lys Val Ile Pro Tyr Val Arg Tyr Leu
210 215 220
<210> 55
<211> 199
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 55
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Ile Ser Gln Glu Thr Tyr Lys Gln Glu Lys 1 5 10 15
Asn Met Ala Ile Asn Pro Ser Lys Glu Asn Leu Cys Ser Thr Phe Cys 20 25 30
Lys Glu Val Val Arg Asn Ala Asn Glu Glu Glu Tyr Ser Ile Gly Ser 35 40 45
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ala Glu Val Ala Thr Glu Glu Val Lys Ile Thr 50 55 60
Val Asp Asp Lys His Tyr Gln Lys Ala Leu Asn Glu Ile Asn Gln Phe 65 70 75 80
Tyr Gln Lys Phe Pro Gln Tyr Leu Gln Tyr Leu Tyr Gln Gly Pro Ile 85 90 95
Val Leu Asn Pro Trp Asp Gln Val Lys Arg Asn Ala Val Pro Ile Thr 100 105 110
Pro Thr Leu Asn Arg Glu Gln Leu Ser Thr Ser Glu Glu Asn Ser Lys 115 120 125
Lys Thr Val Asp Met Glu Ser Thr Glu Val Phe Thr Lys Lys Thr Lys 130 135 140
Leu Thr Glu Glu Glu Lys Asn Arg Leu Asn Phe Leu Lys Lys Ile Ser 145 150 155 160
Gln Arg Tyr Gln Lys Phe Ala Leu Pro Gln Tyr Leu Lys Thr Val Tyr 165 170 175
Gln His Gln Lys Ala Met Lys Pro Trp Ile Gln Pro Lys Thr Lys Val 180 185 190
Ile Pro Tyr Val Arg Tyr Leu
195
<210> 56
<211> 224
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 56
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro 65 70 75 80
Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn Ile Pro Pro Leu Thr Gln Thr Pro 85 90 95
Val Val Val Pro Pro Phe Leu Gln Pro Glu Val Met Gly Val Ser Lys 100 105 110
Val Lys Glu Ala Met Ala Pro Lys His Lys Glu Met Pro Phe Pro Lys 115 120 125
Tyr Pro Val Glu Pro Phe Thr Glu Ser Gln Ser Leu Thr Leu Thr Asp 130 135 140
Val Glu Asn Leu His Leu Pro Leu Pro Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Met His 145 150 155 160
Gln Pro His Gln Pro Leu Pro Pro Thr Val Met Phe Pro Pro Gln Ser 165 170 175
Val Leu Ser Leu Ser Gln Ser Lys Val Leu Pro Val Pro Gln Lys Ala 180 185 190
Val Pro Tyr Pro Gln Arg Asp Met Pro Ile Gln Ala Phe Leu Leu Tyr 195 200 205
Gln Glu Pro Val Leu Gly Pro Val Arg Gly Pro Phe Pro Ile Ile Val 210 215 220
<210> 57
<211> 181
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 57
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro 65 70 75 80
Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn Ile Pro Pro Leu Thr Gln Thr Pro 85 90 95
Val Val Val Pro Pro Phe Leu Gln Pro Glu Val Met Gly Val Ser Lys 100 105 110
Val Lys Glu Ala Met Ala Pro Lys His Lys Glu Met Pro Phe Pro Lys 115 120 125
Tyr Pro Val Glu Pro Phe Thr Glu Ser Gln Ser Leu Thr Leu Thr Asp 130 135 140
Val Glu Asn Leu His Leu Pro Leu Pro Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Met His 145 150 155 160
Gln Pro His Gln Pro Leu Pro Pro Thr Val Met Phe Pro Pro Gln Ser 165 170 175
Val Leu Ser Leu Ser
180
<210> 58
<211> 90
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro 65 70 75 80
Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn Ile Pro
85 90
<210> 59
<211> 88
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 59
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro 65 70 75 80
Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn
85
<210> 60
<211> 85
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 60
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro 65 70 75 80
Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu
85
<210> 61
<211> 84
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 61
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro Ile Pro Asn Ser
<210> 62
<211> 80
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 62
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro 65 70 75 80
<210> 63
<211> 74
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 63
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val
65 70
<210> 64
<211> 66
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 64
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His Pro
65
<210> 65
<211> 65
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 65
Met Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg 1 5 10 15
Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser 20 25 30
Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe 35 40 45
Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile 50 55 60
His
<210> 66
<211> 223
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 66
Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg Glu 1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser Ser 20 25 30
Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe Gln 35 40 45
Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile His 50 55 60
Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro Ile 65 70 75 80
Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn Ile Pro Pro Leu Thr Gln Thr Pro Val 85 90 95
Val Val Pro Pro Phe Leu Gln Pro Glu Val Met Gly Val Ser Lys Val 100 105 110
Lys Glu Ala Met Ala Pro Lys His Lys Glu Met Pro Phe Pro Lys Tyr 115 120 125
Pro Val Glu Pro Phe Thr Glu Ser Gln Ser Leu Thr Leu Thr Asp Val 130 135 140
Glu Asn Leu His Leu Pro Leu Pro Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Met His Gln 145 150 155 160
Pro His Gln Pro Leu Pro Pro Thr Val Met Phe Pro Pro Gln Ser Val 165 170 175
Leu Ser Leu Ser Gln Ser Lys Val Leu Pro Val Pro Gln Lys Ala Val 180 185 190
Pro Tyr Pro Gln Arg Asp Met Pro Ile Gln Ala Phe Leu Leu Tyr Gln 195 200 205
Glu Pro Val Leu Gly Pro Val Arg Gly Pro Phe Pro Ile Ile Val 210 215 220
<210> 67
<211> 83
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 67
Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg Glu 1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser Ser 20 25 30
Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe Gln 35 40 45
Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile His 50 55 60
Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro Ile 65 70 75 80
Pro Asn Ser
<210> 68
<211> 96
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 68
Lys Val Leu Ile Leu Ala Cys Leu Val Ala Leu Ala Leu Ala Arg Glu 1 5 10 15
Leu Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser Ser 20 25 30
Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe Gln 35 40 45
Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile His 50 55 60
Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro Ile 65 70 75 80
Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn Ile Pro Pro Leu Thr Gln Thr Pro Val 85 90 95
<210> 69
<211> 50
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 69
Glu Leu Asn Val Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser Ser Ser Glu 1 5 10 15
Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe Gln Ser Glu 20 25 30
Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile His Pro Phe 35 40 45
Ala Gln
50
<210> 70
<211> 116
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 70
Pro Gly Glu Ile Val Glu Ser Leu Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr 1 5 10 15
Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu Lys Phe Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln 20 25 30
Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp Lys Ile His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln 35 40 45
Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln 50 55 60
Asn Ile Pro Pro Leu Thr Gln Thr Pro Val Val Val Pro Pro Phe Leu 65 70 75 80
Gln Pro Glu Val Met Gly Val Ser Lys Val Lys Glu Ala Met Ala Pro 85 90 95
Lys His Lys Glu Met Pro Phe Pro Lys Tyr Pro Val Glu Pro Phe Thr 100 105 110
Glu Ser Gln Ser
115
<210> 71
<211> 50
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 71
Leu Ser Ser Ser Glu Glu Ser Ile Thr Arg Ile Asn Lys Lys Ile Glu 1 5 10 15
Lys Phe Gln Ser Glu Glu Gln Gln Gln Thr Glu Asp Glu Leu Gln Asp 20 25 30
Lys Ile His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro 35 40 45
Gly Pro
50
<210> 72
<211> 37
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 72
Lys Ile His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro 1 5 10 15
Gly Pro Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn Ile Pro Pro Leu Thr Gln 20 25 30
Thr Pro Val Val Val
35
<210> 73
<211> 110
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 73
His Pro Phe Ala Gln Thr Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro 1 5 10 15
Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro Gln Asn Ile Pro Pro Leu Thr Gln Thr Pro 20 25 30
Val Val Val Pro Pro Phe Leu Gln Pro Glu Val Met Gly Val Ser Lys 35 40 45
Val Lys Glu Ala Met Ala Pro Lys His Lys Glu Met Pro Phe Pro Lys 50 55 60
Tyr Pro Val Glu Pro Phe Thr Glu Ser Gln Ser Leu Thr Leu Thr Asp 65 70 75 80
Val Glu Asn Leu His Leu Pro Leu Pro Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Met His 85 90 95
Gln Pro His Gln Pro Leu Pro Pro Thr Val Met Phe Pro Pro 100 105 110
<210> 74
<211> 99
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 74
Gln Ser Leu Val Tyr Pro Phe Pro Gly Pro Ile Pro Asn Ser Leu Pro 1 5 10 15
Gln Asn Ile Pro Pro Leu Thr Gln Thr Pro Val Val Val Pro Pro Phe 20 25 30
Leu Gln Pro Glu Val Met Gly Val Ser Lys Val Lys Glu Ala Met Ala 35 40 45
Pro Lys His Lys Glu Met Pro Phe Pro Lys Tyr Pro Val Glu Pro Phe 50 55 60
Thr Glu Ser Gln Ser Leu Thr Leu Thr Asp Val Glu Asn Leu His Leu 65 70 75 80
Pro Leu Pro Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Met His Gln Pro His Gln Pro Leu 85 90 95
Pro Pro Thr
<210> 75
<211> 77
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 75
Pro Pro Phe Leu Gln Pro Glu Val Met Gly Val Ser Lys Val Lys Glu 1 5 10 15
Ala Met Ala Pro Lys His Lys Glu Met Pro Phe Pro Lys Tyr Pro Val 20 25 30
Glu Pro Phe Thr Glu Ser Gln Ser Leu Thr Leu Thr Asp Val Glu Asn 35 40 45
Leu His Leu Pro Leu Pro Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Met His Gln Pro His 50 55 60
Gln Pro Leu Pro Pro Thr Val Met Phe Pro Pro Gln Ser
65 70 75
<210> 76
<211> 64
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 76
Pro Pro Phe Leu Gln Pro Glu Val Met Gly Val Ser Lys Val Lys Glu 1 5 10 15
Ala Met Ala Pro Lys His Lys Glu Met Pro Phe Pro Lys Tyr Pro Val 20 25 30
Glu Pro Phe Thr Glu Ser Gln Ser Leu Thr Leu Thr Asp Val Glu Asn 35 40 45
Leu His Leu Pro Leu Pro Leu Leu Gln Ser Trp Met His Gln Pro His 50 55 60
<210> 77
<211> 190
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 77
Met Met Lys Ser Phe Phe Leu Val Val Thr Ile Leu Ala Leu Thr Leu 1 5 10 15
Pro Phe Leu Gly Ala Gln Glu Gln Asn Gln Glu Gln Pro Ile Arg Cys 20 25 30
Glu Lys Asp Glu Arg Phe Phe Ser Asp Lys Ile Ala Lys Tyr Ile Pro 35 40 45
Ile Gln Tyr Val Leu Ser Arg Tyr Pro Ser Tyr Gly Leu Asn Tyr Tyr 50 55 60
Gln Gln Lys Pro Val Ala Leu Ile Asn Asn Gln Phe Leu Pro Tyr Pro 65 70 75 80
Tyr Tyr Ala Lys Pro Ala Ala Val Arg Ser Pro Ala Gln Ile Leu Gln 85 90 95
Trp Gln Val Leu Ser Asn Thr Val Pro Ala Lys Ser Cys Gln Ala Gln 100 105 110
Pro Thr Thr Met Ala Arg His Pro His Pro His Leu Ser Phe Met Ala 115 120 125
Ile Pro Pro Lys Lys Asn Gln Asp Lys Thr Glu Ile Pro Thr Ile Asn Thr Ile Ala Ser Gly Glu Pro Thr Ser Thr Pro Thr Ile Glu Ala Val 145 150 155 160
Glu Ser Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Glu Ala Ser Pro Glu Val Ile Glu Ser 165 170 175
Pro Pro Glu Ile Asn Thr Val Gln Val Thr Ser Thr Ala Val 180 185 190
<210> 78
<211> 120
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 78
Met Met Lys Ser Phe Phe Leu Val Val Thr Ile Leu Ala Leu Thr Leu 1 5 10 15
Pro Phe Leu Gly Ala Gln Glu Gln Asn Gln Glu Gln Pro Ile Arg Cys 20 25 30
Glu Lys Asp Glu Arg Phe Phe Ser Asp Lys Ile Ala Lys Tyr Ile Pro 35 40 45
Ile Gln Tyr Val Leu Ser Arg Tyr Pro Ser Tyr Gly Leu Asn Tyr Tyr 50 55 60
Gln Gln Lys Pro Val Ala Leu Ile Asn Asn Gln Phe Leu Pro Tyr Pro 65 70 75 80
Tyr Tyr Ala Lys Pro Ala Ala Val Arg Ser Pro Ala Gln Ile Leu Gln 85 90 95
Trp Gln Val Leu Ser Asn Thr Val Pro Ala Lys Ser Cys Gln Ala Gln 100 105 110
Pro Thr Thr Met Ala Arg His Pro
115 120
<210> 79
<211> 93
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 79
Met Lys Ser Phe Phe Leu Val Val Thr Ile Leu Ala Leu Thr Leu Pro 1 5 10 15
Phe Leu Gly Ala Gln Glu Gln Asn Gln Glu Gln Pro Ile Arg Cys Glu 20 25 30
Lys Asp Glu Arg Phe Phe Ser Asp Lys Ile Ala Lys Tyr Ile Pro Ile 35 40 45
Gln Tyr Val Leu Ser Arg Tyr Pro Ser Tyr Gly Leu Asn Tyr Tyr Gln 50 55 60
Gln Lys Pro Val Ala Leu Ile Asn Asn Gln Phe Leu Pro Tyr Pro Tyr 65 70 75 80
Tyr Ala Lys Pro Ala Ala Val Arg Ser Pro Ala Gln Ile
85 90
<210> 80
<211> 60
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 80
Pro Lys Lys Asn Gln Asp Lys Thr Glu Ile Pro Thr Ile Asn Thr Ile 1 5 10 15
Ala Ser Gly Glu Pro Thr Ser Thr Pro Thr Ile Glu Ala Val Glu Ser 20 25 30
Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Glu Ala Ser Pro Glu Val Ile Glu Ser Pro Pro 35 40 45
Glu Ile Asn Thr Val Gln Val Thr Ser Thr Ala Val
50 55 60
<210> 81
<211> 38
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 81
Ser Thr Pro Thr Ile Glu Ala Val Glu Ser Thr Val Ser Thr Leu Glu 1 5 10 15
Ala Ser Pro Glu Val Ile Glu Ser Pro Pro Glu Ile Asn Thr Val Gln 20 25 30
Val Thr Ser Thr Ala Val
35
<210> 82
<211> 141
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 82
Met Ser Phe Val Ser Leu Leu Leu Val Gly Ile Leu Phe His Ala Thr 1 5 10 15
Gln Ala Glu Gln Leu Thr Lys Cys Glu Val Phe Arg Glu Leu Lys Asp 20 25 30
Leu Lys Gly Tyr Gly Gly Val Ser Leu Pro Glu Trp Val Cys Thr Thr 35 40 45
Phe His Thr Ser Gly Tyr Asp Thr Gln Ala Ile Val Gln Asn Asn Asp 50 55 60
Ser Thr Glu Tyr Gly Leu Phe Gln Ile Asn Asn Lys Ile Trp Cys Lys 65 70 75 80
Asp Asp Gln Asn Pro His Ser Ser Asn Ile Cys Asn Ile Ser Cys Asp 85 90 95
Lys Phe Leu Asp Asp Asp Leu Thr Asp Asp Ile Met Cys Val Lys Lys 100 105 110
Ile Leu Asp Lys Val Gly Ile Asn Tyr Trp Leu Ala His Lys Ala Leu 115 120 125
Cys Ser Glu Lys Leu Asp Gln Trp Leu Cys Glu Lys Leu
130 135 140
<210> 83
<211> 606
<212> PRT
<213> Bos taurus
<400> 83
Met Lys Trp Val Thr Phe Ile Ser Leu Leu Leu Leu Phe Ser Ser Ala 1 5 10 15
Tyr Ser Arg Gly Val Phe Arg Arg Asp Thr His Lys Ser Glu Ile Ala 20 25 30
His Arg Phe Lys Asp Leu Gly Glu Glu His Phe Lys Gly Leu Val Leu 35 40 45
Ile Ala Phe Ser Gln Tyr Leu Gln Gln Cys Pro Phe Asp Glu His Val 50 55 60
Lys Leu Val Asn Glu Leu Glu Phe Ala Lys Thr Cys Val Ala Asp Glu 65 70 75 80
Ser His Ala Gly Cys Glu Lys Ser Leu His Thr Leu Phe Gly Asp Glu 85 90 95
Leu Cys Lys Val Ala Ser Leu Arg Glu Thr Tyr Gly Asp Met Ala Asp 100 105 110
Cys Cys Glu Lys Gln Glu Pro Glu Arg Asn Glu Cys Phe Leu Ser His 115 120 125
Lys Asp Asp Ser Pro Asp Leu Pro Lys Leu Lys Pro Asp Pro Asn Thr 130 135 140
Leu Cys Asp Glu Phe Lys Ala Asp Glu Lys Lys Phe Trp Gly Lys Tyr 145 150 155 160
Leu Tyr Glu Ile Ala Arg Arg His Pro Tyr Phe Tyr Ala Pro Glu Leu 165 170 175
Leu Tyr Tyr Ala Asn Lys Tyr Asn Gly Val Phe Gln Glu Cys Cys Gln 180 185 190
Ala Glu Asp Lys Gly Ala Cys Leu Leu Pro Lys Ile Glu Thr Met Arg 195 200 205
Glu Lys Val Leu Thr Ser Ser Ala Arg Gln Arg Leu Arg Cys Ala Ser 210 215 220
Ile Gln Lys Phe Gly Glu Arg Ala Leu Lys Ala Trp Ser Val Ala Arg 225 230 235 240
Leu Ser Gln Lys Phe Pro Lys Ala Glu Phe Val Glu Val Thr Lys Leu 245 250 255
Val Thr Asp Leu Thr Lys Val His Lys Glu Cys Cys His Gly Asp Leu 260 265 270
Leu Glu Cys Ala Asp Asp Arg Ala Asp Leu Ala Lys Tyr Ile Cys Asp 275 280 285
Asn Gln Asp Thr Ile Ser Ser Lys Leu Lys Glu Cys Cys Asp Lys Pro 290 295 300
Leu Leu Glu Lys Ser His Cys Ile Ala Glu Val Glu Lys Asp Ala Ile 305 310 315 320
Pro Glu Asn Leu Pro Pro Leu Thr Ala Asp Phe Ala Glu Asp Lys Asp 325 330 335
Val Cys Lys Asn Tyr Gln Glu Ala Lys Asp Ala Phe Leu Gly Ser Phe 340 345 350
Leu Tyr Glu Tyr Ser Arg Arg His Pro Glu Tyr Ala Val Ser Val Leu 355 360 365
Leu Arg Leu Ala Lys Glu Tyr Glu Ala Thr Leu Glu Glu Cys Cys Ala 370 375 380
Lys Asp Asp Pro His Ala Cys Tyr Ser Thr Val Phe Asp Leu Leu Lys 385 390 395 400
His Leu Val Asp Glu Pro Gln Asn Leu Ile Lys Gln Asn Cys Asp Gln 405 410 415
Phe Glu Lys Leu Gly Glu Tyr Gly Phe Gln Asn Ala Leu Ile Val Arg 420 425 430
Tyr Thr Arg Lys Val Pro Gln Val Ser Thr Pro Thr Leu Val Glu Val 435 440 445
Ser Arg Ser Leu Gly Lys Val Gly Thr Arg Cys Cys Thr Lys Pro Glu 450 455 460
Ser Glu Arg Met Pro Cys Thr Glu Asp Tyr Leu Ser Leu Ile Leu Asn 465 470 475 480
Arg Leu Cys Val Leu His Glu Lys Thr Pro Val Ser Glu Lys Val Thr 485 490 495
Lys Cys Cys Thr Glu Ser Leu Val Asn Arg Arg Pro Cys Phe Ser Ala 500 505 510
Leu Thr Pro Asp Glu Thr Tyr Val Pro Lys Ala Phe Asp Glu Lys Leu 515 520 525
Phe Thr Phe His Ala Asp Ile Cys Thr Leu Pro Asp Thr Glu Lys Gln 530 535 540
Ile Lys Lys Gln Thr Ala Leu Val Glu Leu Leu Lys His Lys Pro Lys 545 550 555 560
Ala Thr Glu Glu Gln Leu Lys Thr Val Met Glu Asn Phe Val Ala Phe 565 570 575
Val Asp Lys Cys Cys Ala Ala Asp Asp Lys Glu Ala Cys Phe Ala Val 580 585 590
Glu Gly Pro Lys Leu Val Val Ser Thr Gln Thr Ala Leu Ala
595 600 605
<210> 84
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Met Lys Leu Phe Val Pro Ala Leu Leu Ser Leu Gly Ala Leu Gly Leu 1 5 10 15
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Pro Glu Trp Phe Lys Cys Arg Arg Trp Gln Trp Arg Met Lys Lys Leu 35 40 45
Gly Ala Pro Ser Ile Thr Cys Val Arg Arg Ala Phe Ala Leu Glu Cys 50 55 60
Ile Arg Ala Ile Ala Glu Lys Lys Ala Asp Ala Val Thr Leu Asp Gly 65 70 75 80
Gly Met Val Phe Glu Ala Gly Arg Asp Pro Tyr Lys Leu Arg Pro Val 85 90 95
Ala Ala Glu Ile Tyr Gly Thr Lys Glu Ser Pro Gln Thr His Tyr Tyr 100 105 110
Ala Val Ala Val Val Lys Lys Gly Ser Asn Phe Gln Leu Asp Gln Leu 115 120 125
Gln Gly Arg Lys Ser Cys His Thr Gly Leu Gly Arg Ser Ala Gly Trp 130 135 140
Ile Ile Pro Met Gly Ile Leu Arg Pro Tyr Leu Ser Trp Thr Glu Ser 145 150 155 160
Leu Glu Pro Leu Gln Gly Ala Val Ala Lys Phe Phe Ser Ala Ser Cys 165 170 175
Val Pro Cys Ile Asp Arg Gln Ala Tyr Pro Asn Leu Cys Gln Leu Cys 180 185 190
Lys Gly Glu Gly Glu Asn Gln Cys Ala Cys Ser Ser Arg Glu Pro Tyr 195 200 205
Phe Gly Tyr Ser Gly Ala Phe Lys Cys Leu Gln Asp Gly Ala Gly Asp 210 215 220
Val Ala Phe Val Lys Glu Thr Thr Val Phe Glu Asn Leu Pro Glu Lys 225 230 235 240
Ala Asp Arg Asp Gln Tyr Glu Leu Leu Cys Leu Asn Asn Ser Arg Ala 245 250 255
Pro Val Asp Ala Phe Lys Glu Cys His Leu Ala Gln Val Pro Ser His 260 265 270
Ala Val Val Ala Arg Ser Ser Val Asp Gly Lys Glu Asp Leu Ile Trp 275 280 285
Lys Leu Leu Ser Lys Ala Gln Glu Lys Phe Gly Lys Asn Lys Ser Arg 290 295 300
Ser Phe Gln Leu Phe Gly Ser Pro Pro Gly Gln Arg Asp Leu Leu Phe 305 310 315 320
Lys Asp Ser Ala Leu Gly Phe Leu Arg Ile Pro Ser Lys Val Asp Ser 325 330 335
Ala Leu Tyr Leu Gly Ser Arg Tyr Leu Thr Thr Leu Lys Asn Leu Arg 340 345 350
Glu Thr Ala Glu Glu Val Lys Ala Arg Tyr Thr Arg Val Val Trp Cys 355 360 365
Ala Val Gly Pro Glu Glu Gln Lys Lys Cys Gln Gln Trp Ser Gln Gln 370 375 380
Ser Gly Gln Asn Val Thr Cys Ala Thr Ala Ser Thr Thr Asp Asp Cys 385 390 395 400
Ile Val Leu Val Leu Lys Gly Glu Ala Asp Ala Leu Asn Leu Asp Gly 405 410 415
Gly Tyr Ile Tyr Thr Ala Gly Lys Cys Gly Leu Val Pro Val Leu Ala 420 425 430
Glu Asn Arg Lys Ser Ser Lys His Ser Ser Leu Asp Cys Val Leu Arg 435 440 445
Pro Thr Glu Gly Tyr Leu Ala Val Ala Val Val Lys Lys Ala Asn Glu 450 455 460
Gly Leu Thr Trp Asn Ser Leu Lys Asp Lys Lys Ser Cys His Thr Ala 465 470 475 480
Val Asp Arg Thr Ala Gly Trp Asn Ile Pro Met Gly Leu Ile Val Asn 485 490 495
Gln Thr Gly Ser Cys Ala Phe Asp Glu Phe Phe Ser Gln Ser Cys Ala 500 505 510
Pro Gly Ala Asp Pro Lys Ser Arg Leu Cys Ala Leu Cys Ala Gly Asp 515 520 525
Asp Gln Gly Leu Asp Lys Cys Val Pro Asn Ser Lys Glu Lys Tyr Tyr 530 535 540
Gly Tyr Thr Gly Ala Phe Arg Cys Leu Ala Glu Asp Val Gly Asp Val 545 550 555 560
Ala Phe Val Lys Asn Asp Thr Val Trp Glu Asn Thr Asn Gly Glu Ser 565 570 575
Thr Ala Asp Trp Ala Lys Asn Leu Asn Arg Glu Asp Phe Arg Leu Leu 580 585 590
Cys Leu Asp Gly Thr Arg Lys Pro Val Thr Glu Ala Gln Ser Cys His 595 600 605
Leu Ala Val Ala Pro Asn His Ala Val Val Ser Arg Ser Asp Arg Ala 610 615 620
Ala His Val Lys Gln Val Leu Leu His Gln Gln Ala Leu Phe Gly Lys 625 630 635 640
Asn Gly Lys Asn Cys Pro Asp Lys Phe Cys Leu Phe Lys Ser Glu Thr 645 650 655
Lys Asn Leu Leu Phe Asn Asp Asn Thr Glu Cys Leu Ala Lys Leu Gly 660 665 670
Gly Arg Pro Thr Tyr Glu Glu Tyr Leu Gly Thr Glu Tyr Val Thr Ala 675 680 685
Ile Ala Asn Leu Lys Lys Cys Ser Thr Ser Pro Leu Leu Glu Ala Cys 690 695 700
Ala Phe Leu Thr Arg
705
Claims (7)
1. Fremgangsmåte for å identifisere allergene kumelkproteiner alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kaseinproteiner og/eller peptider,
k a r a k t e r i s e r t v e d at den omfatter trinnene med:
a) tilveiebringelse av minst ett ekspresjonsbibliotek som omfatter DNA eller cDNA avledet fra brystkjertelvev til en ku som gir melk,
b) ekspresjon av minst ett alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid kodet for av nevnte ekspresjonsbibliotek,
c) bestemmelse av bindingskapasiteten av nevnte i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid til IgE i minst ett serum fra et individ som er sensitivt overfor kumelk,
d) bringe det i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid som utviser en IgE bindingskapasitet som bestemt i trinn c) i kontakt med basofile celler eller mastceller, og
e) identifisering av det i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappakasein-protein eller peptid til å være allergent når nevnte basofile celler eller mastceller frigir minst en mediator ved kontakt med minst ett alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-protein eller peptid i trinn d).
2. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 1, hvori fremgangsmåten videre omfatter et trinn med å bestemme aminosyresekvensen til det i det minste ene alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-proteinet eller peptidet identifisert i trinn e).
3. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 1, hvori tilstedeværelsen av det i det minste ene alfaS1- alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-proteinet eller peptidet bestemmes ved massespektrometri.
4. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 3, hvori alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-proteinene eller peptidene til stede i prøven isoleres før
massespektrometri.
5. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 4, hvori alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-proteinene eller peptidene isoleres ved en elektroforesemetode.
6. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 5, hvori elektroforesemetoden er todimensjonal elektroforese.
7. Fremgangsmåte som angitt i krav 4, hvori alfaS1-, alfaS2-, beta- eller kappa-kasein-proteinene eller peptidene tilstede i prøven isoleres ved høyytelsesvæskekromatografi.
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US19641608P | 2008-10-17 | 2008-10-17 | |
PCT/EP2009/063696 WO2010043724A1 (en) | 2008-10-17 | 2009-10-19 | Method for identifying allergenic proteins and peptides |
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US8859210B2 (en) * | 2008-10-17 | 2014-10-14 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Method for identifying allergenic proteins and peptides |
ES2524067T3 (es) * | 2009-12-04 | 2014-12-03 | Mjn U.S. Holdings Llc | Formulación nutricional que comprende un hidrolizado que contiene péptidos de leche de vaca y/o péptidos derivados del mismo para la inducción de tolerancia |
US9352020B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-05-31 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Reducing proinflammatory response |
US9345727B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-05-24 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Nutritional compositions containing a peptide component and uses thereof |
US9345741B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-05-24 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Nutritional composition containing a peptide component with adiponectin simulating properties and uses thereof |
US9289461B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-03-22 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Reducing the risk of autoimmune disease |
US9138455B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-09-22 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Activating adiponectin by casein hydrolysate |
US8889633B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-11-18 | Mead Johnson Nutrition Company | Nutritional compositions containing a peptide component with anti-inflammatory properties and uses thereof |
WO2015153151A1 (en) | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-08 | Genisphere, Llc | Peptides, reagents and methods for detecting food allergy |
US10293059B2 (en) | 2015-04-09 | 2019-05-21 | Cornell University | Gene therapy to prevent reactions to allergens |
CN104777303B (zh) * | 2015-04-29 | 2017-02-01 | 何韶衡 | 一种嗜碱性粒细胞激活、脱颗粒的鉴定方法 |
CN104807988B (zh) * | 2015-04-29 | 2017-02-01 | 何韶衡 | 一种嗜碱性粒细胞的特异性免疫识别方法 |
RU2666254C1 (ru) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-09-06 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный педиатрический медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБОУ ВО СПбГПМУ Минздрава России) | Способ диагностики пищевой аллергии у детей |
CN107817311B (zh) * | 2017-09-27 | 2019-08-23 | 绿城农科检测技术有限公司 | 一种液质联用检测配方奶粉中酪蛋白磷酸肽含量的方法 |
US11408895B1 (en) | 2018-04-09 | 2022-08-09 | Hob Biotech Group Corp., Ltd. | Allergen characterization, potent allergen product formulation, comprehensive allergen reagent, and allergy assay |
CN111766324B (zh) * | 2020-07-10 | 2022-12-06 | 中国检验检疫科学研究院 | 一种用于检测水牛奶中掺入牛奶的特征肽组合及方法 |
WO2022015934A2 (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-20 | The Johns Hopkins Universtiy | Comprehensive analysis of anti-allergen antibodies using phage display |
JP2022157411A (ja) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-10-14 | 学校法人藤田学園 | 牛乳アレルギーの新規抗原 |
CN114437238B (zh) * | 2022-01-26 | 2024-03-26 | 浙江工业大学 | 胶原蛋白肽-牛乳铁蛋白肽融合蛋白、基因及其表达方法 |
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US6849427B1 (en) * | 1993-03-12 | 2005-02-01 | Immulogic Pharmaceutical Corp. | Nucleic acids encoding a house dust mite allergen, Der p VII, and uses therefor |
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RU2187817C2 (ru) * | 2000-05-15 | 2002-08-20 | Московский НИИ педиатрии и детской хирургии | Способ прогнозирования развития аллергических реакций у детей раннего возраста |
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ES2445869T3 (es) | 2014-03-05 |
NO20110426A1 (no) | 2011-04-28 |
US8859210B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 |
MX2011002975A (es) | 2011-04-11 |
CN102187226A (zh) | 2011-09-14 |
MY153980A (en) | 2015-04-30 |
EP2347264B1 (en) | 2013-11-27 |
EP2347264A1 (en) | 2011-07-27 |
PL2347264T3 (pl) | 2014-06-30 |
PE20110709A1 (es) | 2011-11-13 |
CN102187226B (zh) | 2014-05-14 |
CZ305786B6 (cs) | 2016-03-16 |
TWI471565B (zh) | 2015-02-01 |
HK1161913A1 (en) | 2012-08-10 |
BRPI0919789A2 (pt) | 2016-05-03 |
CZ2011223A3 (cs) | 2012-03-21 |
RU2519674C2 (ru) | 2014-06-20 |
US20100143262A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
WO2010043724A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
CA2740255A1 (en) | 2010-04-22 |
TW201030341A (en) | 2010-08-16 |
CO6351822A2 (es) | 2011-12-20 |
RU2011119613A (ru) | 2012-11-27 |
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