NO311025B1 - Aminosyrederivater, legemiddel inneholdende dem og anvendelse som endotelinantagonister - Google Patents
Aminosyrederivater, legemiddel inneholdende dem og anvendelse som endotelinantagonister Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO311025B1 NO311025B1 NO19981522A NO981522A NO311025B1 NO 311025 B1 NO311025 B1 NO 311025B1 NO 19981522 A NO19981522 A NO 19981522A NO 981522 A NO981522 A NO 981522A NO 311025 B1 NO311025 B1 NO 311025B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- endothelin
- acid
- amino acid
- alkyl
- Prior art date
Links
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- 108050009340 Endothelin Proteins 0.000 title claims description 21
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 claims description 6
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- 239000007885 tablet disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HFRXJVQOXRXOPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl bromide Chemical compound BrS(Br)=O HFRXJVQOXRXOPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- CMMXCVYESRODNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroepoxyethane Chemical class ClC1OC1(Cl)Cl CMMXCVYESRODNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005526 vasoconstrictor agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- BLGXFZZNTVWLAY-SCYLSFHTSA-N yohimbine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CCN3C[C@@H]4CC[C@H](O)[C@@H]([C@H]4C[C@H]33)C(=O)OC)=C3NC2=C1 BLGXFZZNTVWLAY-SCYLSFHTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000317 yohimbine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AADVZSXPNRLYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N yohimbine carboxylic acid Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CCN3CC4CCC(C(C4CC33)C(O)=O)O)=C3NC2=C1 AADVZSXPNRLYLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/60—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D251/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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Description
Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører nye aminosyrederivater, legemiddel inneholdende dem og anvendelse av dem som endotelinantagonister.
Endotelin er et peptid oppbygget av 21 aminosyrer, som syntetiseres og frigjøres
av vaskulært endotel. Endotelin eksisterer i tre isoformer, ET-1, ET-2 og ET-3. I det følgende betegner "endotelin" eller "ET" en eller alle isoformer av endotelin. Endotelin er en sterk vasokonstriktor og har en sterk effekt på kartonus. Det er kjent at denne vasokonstriksjonen forårsakes av bindingen av endotelin til sin reseptor (Nature, 332, 411-415, 1988; FEBS Letters, 231, 440-444, 1988 og Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 154, 868-875, 1988).
Forhøyet eller abnormal frigjøring av endotelin forårsaker en vedvarende kar-kontraksjon i perifere, renale og cerebrale blodkar, som kan føre til sykdommer. Som angitt i litteraturen, ble forhøyet plasmaspeil av endotelin funnet hos
pasienter med hypertoni, akutt myokardialt infarkt, pulmonær hypertoni, Raynaud-Syndrom, aterosklerose og i luftveiene til astmatikere (Japan J. Hypertension, 12, 79 (1989), J. Vascular Med. Biology 2, 207 (1990), J. Am. Med. Associasjon 264, 2868(1990)).
Følgelig skulle substanser som spesifikt inhiberer bindingen av endotelin til reseptoren også antagonisere de ovenfor nevnte forskjellige fysiologiske effekter av endotelin og derfor være verdifulle farmasøytika.
Det ble nå funnet at bestemte aminosyrederivater er gode hemmere forendotelin-reseptorer.
Gjenstand for oppfinnelsen er aminosyrederivater med formelen I
i hvilken
R betyr en gruppe COOH,
W nitrogen;
R<2> hydrogen, Ci-C4-alkyl, C-i-C4-halogenalkyl, Ci-C4-alkoksy eller
d-C4-alkyltio,
X betyr nitrogen eller CR<15>
hvori R<15> er hydrogen,
R<3> har samme betydning som R<2>;
R2 og R<3> kan være like eller forskjellige;
Y nitrogen eller CR<16>, hvori R<16> betyr hydrogen, eller nitro,
R<4> står for hydrogen, Ci-C7-alkyl, eller
fenyl, som kan være substituert med en eller flere av de følgende rester;
halogen og Ci-C4-alkoksy,
dertil kan R4 og R<5> være fenylgrupper, som orto-stående er gjennom en
direkte binding, en metylen- eller etylengruppe forbundet med hverandre; R<5> har betydningen fenyl, som kan være substituert med en til tre av de følgende rester; halogen, og Ci-C4-alkoksy, hvorunder to rester på nabostående karbonatomer tilsammen med disse gjennom en alkylen- eller alkylidengruppe kan danne en tilknyttet fem- eller seks-leddet ring, ved hvilken en eller flere metylen- eller metylidengrupper kan være erstattet med oksygen.
i tillegg kan R5 tilsammen med R4 danne en tricyklus som ovenfor
beskrevet,
R<6> hydrogen eller Ci-C4-alkyl,
Z en enkeltbinding eller oksygen,
R7 hydrogen;
Q en enkeltbinding.
Gjenstand for oppfinnelsen er videre anvendelsen av de ovenfor nevnte aminosyrederivater for fremstilling av legemidler, særlig for fremstilling av hemmere for endotelinreseptorer.
Fremstillingen av forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen foregår ved omsetning av et aminosyrederivat II med et heterocyklusderivat III, i hvilket R<17> betyr halogen eller R<18->S02-, hvorunder R<18> kan være Ci-C4-alkyl, d-C4-halogenalkyl eller fenyl. Deri betyr R en karboksylsyreester eller en karboksylsyre. Foretrukket blir II med R= CO2H anvendt. Dannes ved fremstillingen av II aminosyreesteren, så blir denne deretter hydrolysert etter standardmetoder innen aminosyrekjemien til aminosyren (R=C02H).
Reaksjonen finner foretrukket sted i et inert løsningsmiddel under tilsetning av en base i stedet for, som beskrevet i litteraturen, f.eks. i J. Am. Chem Soc. 1976, 98, 8472-8475 eller J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans I, 1988,691-696.
Eksempler på slike løsningsmidler, henholdsvis fortynningsmidler, er vann, alifatiske, alicykliske og aromatiske hydrokarboner, som eventuelt kan være klorert, som heksan, cykloheksan, petroleter, ligroin, benzen, toluen, xylen, metylenklorid, kloroform, karbontetraklorid, etylklorid og trikloretylen, etere, så som diisopropyleter, dibutyleter, metyl-tertbutyleter, propylenoksyd, dioksan og tetrahydrofuran, ketoner, så som aceton, metyletylketon, metylisopropylketon og metyl-isobutylketon, nitriler, så som for eksempel acetonitril og propionitril, alkoholer, så som for eksempel metanol, etanol, isopropanol, butanol og etylenglykol, estere, så som etylacetat og amylacetat, syreamider, så som dimetylformamid og dimetyl-acetamid, sulfoksyder og sulfoner, så som dimetylsulfoksyd og sulfolan, baser, som for eksempel pyridin, N-metylpyrrolidon, cykliske ureaer så som 1,3-dimetyl-imidazolidin-2-on og 1,3-dimetyl-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2(1 H)-pyrimidinon.
Reaksjonen blir derunder foretrukket utført i et temperaturområde mellom 0°C og kokepunktet for løsningsmiddelet hhv. løsningsmiddelblandingen.
Et alkali- eller jordalkalimetallhydrid som natriumhydrid, kaliumhydrid eller kalsium-hydrid, et karbonat så som alkalimetallkarbonat, f.eks. natrium- eller kalium-karbonat, et alkali- eller jordalkalimetallhydroksyd så som natrium- eller kalium-hydroksyd, en metallorganisk forbindelse så som butyllithium eller et alkaliamid så som litiumdiisopropylamid kan tjene som base.
Forbindelser med formelen II, såfremt de ikke er kjente, kan fremstilles ved kjente metoder.
Forbindelsene Ila, i hvilke R<6>=H og Z betyr en binding, kan eksempelsvis fremstilles etter en metode beskrevet i Tetrahedron Lett, 1978,30,2651 ff, idet et egnet imin IV bringes til reaksjon med en forbindelse V ved hjelp av en base i et inert løsningsmiddel. Eventuelt blir denne reaksjonen utført i en 2-faseblanding med en faseoverføringskatalysator under faseoverføringsbetingelser, eksempelsvis i metylenklorid og 5-20%ig vandig natronlut med et kvatemært ammoniumsalt, som f.eks. tetra-n-butylammoniumhydrogensulfat. K har heri betydningen
halogen eller OR<19>, hvori R<19> står for metylsulfonyl, toluylsulfonyl eller trifluormetyl-sulfonyl. Deretter blir iminet VI spaltet.
Hydrolysen av VI til Ila kan foregå i egnete løsningsmidler med uorganiske eller organiske, sterke syrer som f.eks. saltsyre, svovelsyre, salpetersyre, fosforsyre, perklorsyre, eddiksyre, trifluormetylsulfonsyre eller trifluoreddiksyre med forskjellig konsentrasjon. Som løsningsmiddel kan vann, Ci-C4-alkoholer, acetonitril, dietyleter, tetrahydrofuran, dioksan eller toluen anvendes. Som regel forløper hydrolysen i to trinn. I første trinn blir VI hydrolysert med fortynnet syre til aminosyreesteren Ila, hvori R<10> er * H. Deretter blir aminosyreesteren forsåpet med sterkere konsentrert syre, hhv. en sterkere syre til aminosyre Ila, hvori R<10>=H. ;Omsetter man forbindelse Ila med III zu la, som ovenfor beskrevet, får man forbindelsene la ifølge oppfinnelsen, i hvilke R6 betyr hydrogen, R<8> hydrogen og Z og Q en enkeltbinding. ;Forbindelsene llb i hvilke Z betyr en binding, R<5> en aromatisk eller hetero-aromatisk rest og R<6> en Ci-C4-alkylgruppe blir fremstilt, idet man omsetter en egnet fosfonatforbindelse VII med en karbonylforbindelse VIII i en Wittig-Horner-reaksjon til den a,S-umettete forbindelse IX. ;R<20> betyr deri Ci-C6-alkyl eller benzyl. ;Forbindelsen IX kan så omsettes etter en forskrift fra Chem.ber. 1931,64,1493 ff med R<5->H ved hjelp av en Friedel-Crafts-katalysator som f.eks. aluminiumtriklorid til karboksylsyrederivatet X. ;Forbindelser X kan omvandles ifølge kjente metoder til hydrazinsyrederivater XII, som f.eks. beskrevet i J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1986,108 6395-6397. Som aminerings-reagens tjener dialkylazodikarboksylat XI, hvorunder R<21> står for 2,2-dimetyletyl eller benzyl. ;Hydrolyse av XII med en sterk uorganisk eller organisk syre i egnete løsnings-midler, som ovenfor beskrevet, fører til a-hydrazino-karboksylsyrederivat XIII. Står R<21> for benzyl, så kan omsetningen av XII til XIII også foretaes ved hjelp av en hydrogenolyse med hydrogen og en egnet katalysator som f.eks. palladium på karbon med forskjellig konsentrasjon, eksempelsvis 10 % palladium på karbon, a-Hydrazinokarboksylsyrederivater XIII kan reduseres med en egnet katalysator, f.eks. Raney-Nickel, med hydrogen undertrykk, f.eks. 10-50 bar, til a-aminosyre-derivatene llb. ;Forbindelser llb kan omsettes med III til forbindelsene Ib ifølge oppfinnelsen, som ovenfor beskrevet. ;Forbindelsene llb kan også fremstilles, idet man omsetter en forbindelse XIV med en Grignardforbindelse XV og hydrolyserer produktet XVI under syreinnvirkning til llb, analogt som beskrevet i Liebigs Ann., 1977, 1174-1182: ;Forbindelsene lic, i hvilke R6 betyr Ci-C4-alkyl og Z står for oksygen, svovel, S=0 eller SO2, kan fremstilles idet et egnet aziridin XVII åpnes med en alkohol eller tiol R<6->Z-H til XVIII. ;Denne metoden er eksempelsvis beskrevet i J. Chem. Soc, Perkin Trans II, ;1981,121-126. Etterfølgende oksydasjon, f.eks. med meta-klorperbenzosyre i et egnet løsningsmiddel gir i tilfelle Z=svovel, avhengig av det molare forhold av de enkelte komponenter, de tilsvarende forbindelser XVIII med Z=SO eller SO2. R<22 >står for hydrogen eller en egnet beskyttelsesgruppe, som f.eks. benzyl, benzyloksy-karbonyl, tert.-butyloksykarbonyl. Er R<22> lik hydrogen, så tilsvarer XVIII lic. I tilfelle R<22> * hydrogen må beskyttelsesgruppen fjernes ved kjente metoder hydrolytisk under syretilsetning, eller hydrogenolytisk med en egnet katalysator; og man oppnår på denne måten forbindelse Ile. Forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen lic blir, som ovenfor beskrevet, omsatt med III til le
Forbindelser XVII kan likeledes fremstilles ifølge oppfinnelsen, idet man omsetter kjente, eller ved kjente metoder fremstilte <x,p-umettede karbonylforbindelser XIX f.eks. ifølge J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 6744-6 med et aminierungsreagens XX og en egnet katalysator.
Forbindelser med formelen I kan oppnåes i enantiomert ren form, idet man går ut fra enantiomert rene forbindelser II, som kan fremstilles ved klassisk racematspalting eller ved enantioselektive synteser (som f.eks. Pure Appl.Chem., 1983, 55, 1799 ff; Helv.Chim.Acta, 1988,71,224 ff; J. Am. Chem. Soc, 1988, 110, 1547-1557; Chem.Eng.News, 1989,25-27) i enantiomert ren og eventuelt diastereomert ren form, og omsetter disse forbindelser II med III som ovenfor beskrevet. En annen mulighet for å få enantiomert rene forbindelser med formelen I,er den klassiske racematspalting av racemike eller diastereomere forbindelser I med egnete enantiomert rene baser som f.eks. brucin, stryknin, kinin, kinidin, cinkonidin, cinkonin, yohimbin, morfin, dehydroabietylamin, efedrin (-), (+), deoksyefedrin (+), (-), threo-2-amino-1-(p-nitrofenyl)-1,3-propandiol (+), (-), threo-2-(N,N-dimetylamino)-1-(p-nitrofenyl)-1,3-propandiol (+), (-) threo-2-amino-1-fenyl-1,3-propandiol (+), (-), a-metylbenzylamin (+), (-), a-(l-naftyl)-etylamin (+), (-), a-(2-naftyl)etylamin (+), (-), aminometylpinon, N,N-dimetyl-1 fenyletylamin, N-metyl-1-fenyletylamin, 4-nitrofenyletylamin, pseudoefedrin, norefedrin, norpseudoefedrin, aminosyrederivater og peptidderivater.
Forbindelsene i foreliggende oppfinnelse byr på et nytt terapeutisk potentiale for behandlinger av hypertoni, pulmonalt høytrykk, myokardinfarkt, angina pectoris, akutt nyresvikt, utilstrekkelig nyrefunksjon, cerebrale vasospasmer, cerebral ischemi, subarachnoidale blødninger, migrene, astma, aterosklerose, endotoksisk sjokk, endotoksin-indusiert organsvikt, intravaskulær koagulasjon, restenose etter angioplasti, benign prostata-yperplasi, ischemisk og ved Intoksykasjon forårsaket nyresvikt hhv. hypertoni.
Den gode virkning av forbindelsene lar seg vise i følgende forsøk:
Reseptorbindingsstudier
For bindingsstudier ble klonete humane ETA-reseptor-eksprimerende CHO-celler og marsvin-lillehjernemembraner med > 60 % ETB-anvendt i sammenlikning med ETA-reseptorer.
Membranpreparat
De ETA-reseptor-eksprimerende CHO-celler ble formert i Fi2-Medium med 10 % føtalt kalveserum, 1 % glutamin, 100 E/ml penicillin og 0,2 % streptomycin (Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Etter 481 ble cellene vasket med PBS og inkubert med 0,05 % trypsinholdig PBS 5 min. Deretter ble det nøytralisert med F-|2-Medium og cellene samlet gjennom sentrifugering ved 300 x g. For å lyse cellene ble pelleten kort vasket med lysebuffer (5 mM tris-HCI, pH 7,4 med 10 % glyserol) og deretter inkubert i en konsentrasjon på 107-celler/ml lysebuffer 30 min ved 4°C. Membranene ble sentrifugert ved 20.000 x g 10 min og pelleten lagret i flytende nitrogen.
Marsvinlillehjerner ble homogenisert i Potter-Elvejhem-homogenisator og erholdtes ved differentiell sentrifugering 10 min ved 1.000 x g og gjentatt sentrifugering av supernatanten 10 min ved 20.000 x g.
Bindingstest
For ETA- og ETB-reseptorbindingstesten ble membranene suspendert i inkuba-sjonsbuffer (50 mM tris-HCI, pH 7,4 med 5 mM MnCI2l 40 mg/ml bacitracin og 0,2 % BSA) i en konsentrasjon på 50 mg protein pr. testsats og inkubert ved 25°C med 25 pM <125> J~ ET1 (ETA-reseptortest) eller 25 pM <125> J—RZ3 (ETB-reseptortest) med eller uten testsubstans. Den uspesifikke binding ble bestemt med 10~<7 >M ETi. Etter 30 min ble den frie og den bundete radioligand skilt ved filtrering gjennom GF/B glassfiberfilter (Whatman, England) på en Skatron-cellesammler (Skatron, Lier, Norwegen) og filtrene vasket med iskald tris-HCI-Puffer, pH 7,4 med 0,2 % BSA. Den samlede radioaktivitet på filtrene ble kvantifisert med en Packard 2200 CA væskescintillasjonsteller.
Funksjonelt in vitro-testsystem for søking etter endotelinreseptor (subtype A)-antagonister
Dette testsystem er en funksjonell, cellebasert test for endotelinreseptorer. Bestemte celler viser, når de ble stimulert med endotelin 1 (ET1), en stigning i intracellulær kalsiumkonsentrasjon. Denne stigning kan måles i intakte celler, som blir tilført kalsium-sensitive fargestoffer.
Fibroblaster isolert fra rotter, ved hvilke en endogen endotelinreseptor av A-subtype påvistes, ble tilført fluorescensfargestoff Fura 2-an som følger: Etter trypsinering ble cellene resuspendert i buffer A (120 mM NaCI, 5 mM KCI, 1,5 mM MgCI2, 1 mM CaCI2, 25 mM HEPES, 10 mM glukose, pH 7,4) til en densitet på 2 x 10<6>/ml og inkubert i 30 min ved 37°C i mørke med Fura 2-am (2 mM), Pluronics F-127 (0,04 %) og DMSO (0,2 %). Deretter ble cellene vasket to ganger med buffer A og resuspendert til 2 x 106/ml.
Fluorescenssignalet fra 2 x 10<5> celler pr. ml ved Ex/Em 380/510 ble registrert ved 30°C kontinuerlig. Cellene tilsattes testsubstansene og etter en Inkubasjonstid på 3 min tilsattes ET1. Gjennom 30 minutter ble den maksimale forandring av fluorescens bestemt. Cellenes respons på ET1 uten forutgående tilsetning av testsubstans tjente som kontroll og ble satt lik 100 %.
Testing av ET-antagonister i vivo
250 - 300 g tunge SD-hannrotter ble narkotisert med Amobarbital, fikk kunstig åndedrett, ble vagotomisert og despinalisert. Arteria carotis og Vena jugularis ble katetisert.
I kontrolldyr fører den intravenøse administrering av 1 mg/kg ET1 til en tydelig blodtrykkstigning, som varer gjennom et lengere tidsrom.
Testdyrene ble 5 min før ET1 administrering injesert testforbindelsene i.v. (1 ml/ kg). For å bestemme de ET-antagonistiske egenskaper ble blodtrykkstigningen i forsøksdyrene sammenliknet med den i kontrolldyrene.
Endotelin—1 indusert "sudden death" på mus
Testprinsippet består i hemning av hjertedød plutselig forårssaket med endotelin hos mus, som sannsynelig skyldes innsnevring av hjertekranskarene, gjennom forbehandling med endotelin-reseptorantagonister. Etter intravenøs injeksjon av 10 nmol/kg endotelin i volumer på 5 ml/kg legemsvekt dør flere dyr i løpet av få minutter.
Den letale endotelin-1 dose blir overprøvet på en liten dyregruppe. Blir prøve-substansen applisert intravenøst, finner for det meste 5 min deretter den letale endotelin-1 injeksjon sted i referransegruppen. Ved andre applikasjonsarter forlenges foradministreringstidene, eventuelt opp til flere timer.
Overlevelsesgraden blir dokumentert og effektive doser som beskytter 50 % av dyrene 24 t eller lenger mot endotelin-hjertedød (ED 50), blir målt.
Funksjonell kartest for endotelin-reseptorantagonister
På aortasegmenter fra kanin utløses etter forspenning med 2 g og en relaksa-sjonstid på 1 t i Krebs-Henseleitløsning ved 37°C og en pH-verdi mellom 7,3 og 7,4 først en K<+->kontraktur. Etter utvasking blir en endotelin-dosevirkningskurve oppstilt opptil maksimum.
Potensielle endotelin-antagonister blir applisert på andre preparater av det samme vev 15 min før begynnelsen av endotelin-dosevirkningskurven. Effektene av endotelinet blir beregnet i % av K<+->kontraktur. Ved virksomme endotelin-antagonister oppstår høyreforskyvning av endotelin- dose-virkningskurven.
Forbindelsene ifølge oppfinnelsen kan administreres på vanlig måte oralt eller parenteralt (subkutant, intravenøst, intramuskulært, intraperitonealt). Applikasjonen kan også gjøres med damper eller sprays gjennom nese-gane-rorpmet. Doseringen avhenger av pasientens alder, tilstand og vekt, samt av applikasjonsformen. Som regel er den daglige virkestoff dose mellom ca. 0,5 og 50 mg/kg legemsvekt ved oral administrering og mellom ca. 0,1 og 10 mg/kg legemsvekt ved parenteral administrering.
De nye forbindelser kan anvendes i de vanlige galeniske applikasjonsformer, faste eller væskeformige, f.eks. som tabletter, filmtabletter, kapsler, pulvere, granulater, drageer, suppositorier, løsninger, salver, kremer eller sprays. Disse blir fremstilt på vanlig måte. Virkestoffene kan behandles med de vanlige galeniske hjelpe-midler som tablettbindemidler, fyllstoffer, konserveringsmidler, tablettsprengmidler, strømningsreguleringsmidler, mykningmidler, overflateaktive midler, dispergerings-midler, emulgatorer, løsningsmidler, retarderingsmidler, antioksydanter og/eller drivgasser (smgl. H. Suckeret al.: Pharmazeutische Technologie, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart, 1991). De derved oppnådde applikasjonsformer innholder normalt virkestoffet i en mengde på 0,1 til 90 vekt-%.
Syntese-eksempeler
Eksempel 1
Di-(3-metoksyfenyl)-metylbromid
22,53 g (92,2 mmol) Di-(m-metoksyfenyl)-metylkarbinol ble løst i 200 ml dietyleter og tildryppet under nitrogenatmosfære 28,76 g (138,3 mmol) tionylbromid løst i 20 ml dietyleter. Etter 6 timer ved romtemperatur ble blandingen helt på isvann, den organiske fase skilt fra og vasket med vann og mettet NaHCCh-løsning, så med MgS04, tørket og inndampet. Man fikk 27,73 g (97,8 %) råprodukt, som ble direkte videre omsatt.
Eksempel 2
2-N-(Difenylmetylen)-amino-3,3-di(3-metoksyfenyl)-propiQnsyremetylester 19,05 g (75,2 mmol) N-Difenylmetylenyl-glycinmetylester ble løst i 200 ml THF og under argonatmosfere ved -78°C 75 ml tildryppet en 1,5 molar løsning av LDA i THF langsomt. Etter 45 minutter ble 27,73 g (90,3 mmol) di-(3-metoksyfenyl)-metyl-bromid i 60 ml THF tildryppet. Etter 90 minutter lot man temperaturen stige til romtemperatur og rørte 22 timer til. Deretter ble 20 ml fosfatpuffer tilsatt, THF avdampet i vakuum og resten tre ganger ekstrahert med eddikester. De samlede organiske faser ble tørket med MgS04 og inndampet. Man fikk 43,3 g råprodukt, som ble omsatt direkte videre.
Eksempel 3
2-amino-3,3-di(3-metoksyfenyl)-propionsyremetylester
43,3 g (75,2 mmol) 2-N-(difenylmetylen)-amino-3,3-di-(3-metoksyfenyl)-propionsyremetylester (råprodukt) ble løst i 1 I THF og 506 ml 0,5 normal saltsyre tilsatt og rørt 90 minutter ved romtemperatur. Etter at THF var avdestillert i vakuum, ble den vandige rest ekstrahert med eddikester. Så ble den vandige fase gjort alkalisk med 25%ig ammoniakkløsning (pH 9-10).
Deretter ble den vandige fase ekstrahert fire ganger med eddikester. den samlede organiske fasen ble tørket med MgSCU og inndampet. Man fikk 14,27 g (60,1 %) produkt.
Eksempel 4
2-Amino-3,3-di(3-metoksyfenyl)-propionsyre
6,0 g (19,0 mmol) 2-Amino-3,3-di-(3-metoksyfenyl)-propionsyremetylester ble oppvarmet i 140 ml 6 normal saltsyre 6 timer under tilbakeløp. Deretter ble det avkjølt til 0°C og fellingen frafiltrert, vasket med vann og tørket. Deretter ble fast-stoffet løst i 50 ml etanol, 20 ml propenoksyd tilsatt og oppvarmet 30 minutter under tilbakeløp. Etter avkjølingen ble fellingen frafiltrert, ettervasket med etanol og tørket. Man fikk 2,20 g (38,4 %) av et hvitt pulver med smeltepunkt 168-173°C.
Eksempel 5
3,3-Di-(3-metoksyfenyl)-2-(4,6-dimetoksy-pyrimidin-2-ylamino)-propionsyre 2,20 g (7,3 mmol) 2-Amino-3,3-di-(3-metoksyfenyl)-propionsyre, 0,66 g (3,04 mmol) 4,6-dimetoksy-2-metylsulfonylpyrimidin og 0,39 g (3,65 mmol) natriumkarbonat ble plassert i en blanding av 16 ml DMF og 16 ml vann og rørt 10 timer ved 80°C. Reaksjonsblandingen ble så blandet med vann og eddikester. Den vandige fasen ble surgjort med 6 normal saltsyre og ekstrahert tre ganger med eddikester. Etter tørking med MgS04 og inndamping fikk man råproduktet, som ble kromatografert med diklormetan/metanol (50:1) over silikagel. Man fikk 0,455 g (34,1 %) av et hvitt pulver med smeltepunkt 58-66°C.
Eksempel 6
3,3-Difenyl-2-(4,6-dimetylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)-propionsyre 2,60 g (10,8 mmol) 2-Amino-3,3-difenylpropionsyre og 0,64 g (4,5 mmol) 2-klor-4,6-dimetylpyrimidin ble plassert i en blanding av 16 ml DMF og 16 ml vann, 0,57 g (5,4 mmol) natriumkarbonat tilsatt og blandingen rørt 24 timer ved 80°C. Deretter ble 100 ml eddikester og noe vann tilsatt og fasene adskilt. Den vandige fasen ble surgjort med 6 normal saltsyre (pH 1-2). Den dannede felling ble frafiltrert og vasket med eddikester, deretter tørket. Man fikk 0,30 g (19,2 %) av et hvitt pulver med smeltepunkt 172-174°C.
Eksempel 7
2-(4,6-Dimetoksytriazin-2-ylamino)-2-(fluoren-9-yl)eddiksyre 2,29 g (9,6 mmol) 2-Amino-2-(fluoren-9-yl)-eddiksyre, 0,70 g (4,0 mmol) 4,6-dimetoksy-2-klortriazin og 0,51 g (4,8 mmol) natriumkarbonat ble innført i en blanding av 16 ml DMF og 16 ml vann og rørt 13 timer ved 80°C. Deretter ble eddikester og vann tilsatt og fasene adskilt. Den vandige fase ble surgjort med 6 normal HCI og ekstrahert tre ganger med eddikester. Den organiske fasen ble tørket med MgSCv og inndampet. Råproduktet ble kromatografert over silikagel med eddikester/n-heptan (1:1). Man fikk 0,44 g (29,1 %) av et hvitt pulver; RF = 0,135, sm.p. 182-186°C.
Eksempel 8
2-(3-Nitro-6-metoksypyridin-2-ylamino)-3,3-difenylpropionsyre 2,50 g (10,4 mmol) 2-Amino-3,3-difenylpropionsyre, 0,84 g (4,3 mmol) 2-klor-3-nitro-6-metoksypyridin og 0,55 g (5,2 mmol) natriumkarbonat ble innført i 18 ml DMF og 18 ml vann, og blandingen rørt 5 timer ved 80°C. Deretter ble blandet den med eddikester og vann og fasene adskilt. Den vandige fasen ble surgjort med 6 normal saltsyre og ekstrahert tre ganger med eddikester. Man tørket med MgS04 og inndampet i vakuum. Råproduktet ble omkristallisert med isopropanol. Man fikk 0,34 g (20,1 %) av et gulaktig pulver med smeltepunkt 172-180°C.
De i følgende tabell 1 oppførte eksempler kan fremstilles etter de forut beskrevne metoder:
Claims (3)
1. Aminosyrederivater, karakterisert ved formel I
i hvilken
R betyr en gruppe COOH,
W nitrogen;
R<2> hydrogen, Ci-C4-alkyl, d-d-halogenalkyl, d-d-alkoksy eller
d-d-alkyltio,
X betyr nitrogen eller CR<15 >
hvori R<15> er hydrogen,
R<3> har samme betydning som R<2>;
R2 og R3 kan være like eller forskjellige;
Y nitrogen eller CR<16>, hvori R<16> betyr hydrogen, eller nitro,
R<4> står for hydrogen, d-d-alkyl, eller fenyl, som kan være substituert med en eller
flere av de følgende rester;
halogen og d-d-alkoksy,
dertil kan R4 og R5 være fenylgrupper, som orto-stående er gjennom en direkte binding, en metylen- eller etylengruppe forbundet med hverandre;
R<5> har betydningen fenyl, som kan være substituert med en til tre av de følgende
rester; halogen, og d-d-alkoksy, hvorunder to rester på nabostående karbonatomer tilsammen med disse gjennom en alkylen- eller alkylidengruppe kan danne en tilknyttet fem- eller seks-leddet ring, ved hvilken en eller flere metylen- eller metylidengrupper kan være erstattet med oksygen,
i tillegg kan R<5> tilsammen med R<4> danne en tricyklus som ovenfor beskrevet,
R<6> hydrogen eller d-d-alkyl,
Z en enkeltbinding eller oksygen,
R7 hydrogen;
Q en enkeltbinding.
2. Anvendelse av forbindelser ifølge krav 1 som endotelinantagonister til fremstilling av terapeutiske preparater for behandling av sykdommer.
3. Legemiddel, karakterisert ved at det inneholder en forbindelse ifølge krav 1 som virkestoff.
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US6365589B1 (en) | 1998-07-02 | 2002-04-02 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharma Company | Imidazo-pyridines, -pyridazines, and -triazines as corticotropin releasing factor antagonists |
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AU2001269821A1 (en) | 2000-06-15 | 2001-12-24 | Barbara Chen | Cycloalkyl alkanoic acids as integrin receptor antagonists |
US6531494B1 (en) | 2001-08-29 | 2003-03-11 | Pharmacia Corporation | Gem-substituted αvβ3 antagonists |
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EA015388B1 (ru) | 2005-09-29 | 2011-08-30 | Элан Фамэсьютикэлс, Инк. | ПИРИМИДИНИЛАМИДНЫЕ СОЕДИНЕНИЯ (ВАРИАНТЫ), ВКЛЮЧАЮЩАЯ ИХ ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКАЯ КОМПОЗИЦИЯ И СПОСОБ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯ, ОПОСРЕДОВАННОГО α4-ИНТЕГРИНАМИ |
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US4092150A (en) * | 1976-08-27 | 1978-05-30 | Fmc Corporation | Herbicidal 5-pyrimidinecarbonitriles |
DE68914197T2 (de) | 1988-06-20 | 1994-11-10 | Ihara Chemical Ind Co | Alkansäurederivate und herbizide Mittel. |
CA2053603A1 (en) | 1990-10-19 | 1992-04-20 | Katsumasa Harada | 3-alkoxyalkanoic acid derivative, process for preparing the same and herbicide using the same |
DE4105518A1 (de) | 1991-02-22 | 1992-08-27 | Basf Ag | Sulfonylharnstoffderivate, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
EP0517215B1 (en) * | 1991-06-07 | 1998-09-02 | Ube Industries, Ltd. | Pyrimidine or triazine derivative, process for preparing the same and herbicide using the same |
DE4411225A1 (de) * | 1994-03-31 | 1995-10-05 | Basf Ag | Verwendung von Carbonsäurederivaten als Arzneimittel |
DE19533023B4 (de) * | 1994-10-14 | 2007-05-16 | Basf Ag | Neue Carbonsäurederivate, ihre Herstellung und Verwendung |
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-
1995
- 1995-10-04 DE DE19536891A patent/DE19536891A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-09-26 HU HU9900085A patent/HUP9900085A3/hu unknown
- 1996-09-26 TR TR1998/00623T patent/TR199800623T2/xx unknown
- 1996-09-26 IL IL12361196A patent/IL123611A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-09-26 AU AU72147/96A patent/AU713763B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-09-26 BR BR9610821A patent/BR9610821A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-26 EP EP96933398A patent/EP0874829A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1996-09-26 CA CA002231500A patent/CA2231500A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-26 NZ NZ319595A patent/NZ319595A/en unknown
- 1996-09-26 KR KR1019980702475A patent/KR19990063998A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-26 PL PL96326081A patent/PL326081A1/xx unknown
- 1996-09-26 CZ CZ981045A patent/CZ104598A3/cs unknown
- 1996-09-26 WO PCT/EP1996/004205 patent/WO1997012878A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-26 JP JP9513946A patent/JP2000500738A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 1996-09-26 CN CN96198556A patent/CN1202890A/zh active Pending
- 1996-09-26 SK SK430-98A patent/SK43098A3/sk unknown
- 1996-09-26 HR HR19536891.6A patent/HRP960437A2/hr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-09-26 US US09/051,020 patent/US6440975B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-09-27 MY MYPI96004014A patent/MY115211A/en unknown
- 1996-10-03 ZA ZA9608304A patent/ZA968304B/xx unknown
- 1996-10-03 CO CO96052652A patent/CO4770961A1/es unknown
-
1998
- 1998-03-13 MX MX9801987A patent/MX9801987A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-01 BG BG102362A patent/BG63389B1/bg unknown
- 1998-04-03 NO NO19981522A patent/NO311025B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
HUP9900085A2 (hu) | 1999-04-28 |
NO981522D0 (no) | 1998-04-03 |
DE19536891A1 (de) | 1997-04-10 |
WO1997012878A1 (de) | 1997-04-10 |
AU7214796A (en) | 1997-04-28 |
NZ319595A (en) | 2001-03-30 |
CN1202890A (zh) | 1998-12-23 |
TR199800623T2 (xx) | 1998-07-21 |
HUP9900085A3 (en) | 2001-11-28 |
PL326081A1 (en) | 1998-08-17 |
JP2000500738A (ja) | 2000-01-25 |
ZA968304B (en) | 1998-04-03 |
IL123611A0 (en) | 1998-10-30 |
MX9801987A (es) | 1998-08-30 |
BG102362A (en) | 1999-08-31 |
IL123611A (en) | 2001-08-26 |
BG63389B1 (bg) | 2001-12-29 |
MY115211A (en) | 2003-04-30 |
BR9610821A (pt) | 1999-07-13 |
KR19990063998A (ko) | 1999-07-26 |
CO4770961A1 (es) | 1999-04-30 |
SK43098A3 (en) | 1998-11-04 |
CA2231500A1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
HRP960437A2 (en) | 1998-04-30 |
EP0874829A1 (de) | 1998-11-04 |
NO981522L (no) | 1998-04-03 |
CZ104598A3 (cs) | 1998-09-16 |
US6440975B1 (en) | 2002-08-27 |
AU713763B2 (en) | 1999-12-09 |
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