NO20081654L - Stabiliserte GLP-1-analoger - Google Patents
Stabiliserte GLP-1-analogerInfo
- Publication number
- NO20081654L NO20081654L NO20081654A NO20081654A NO20081654L NO 20081654 L NO20081654 L NO 20081654L NO 20081654 A NO20081654 A NO 20081654A NO 20081654 A NO20081654 A NO 20081654A NO 20081654 L NO20081654 L NO 20081654L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- amino acid
- glp
- analogs
- base sequence
- side groups
- Prior art date
Links
- DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N Glucagon-like peptide 1 Chemical class C([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC=1C2=CC=CC=C2NC=1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(N)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCCN)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC(O)=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@H](CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC=1N=CNC=1)[C@@H](C)O)[C@@H](C)O)C(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DTHNMHAUYICORS-KTKZVXAJSA-N 0.000 title abstract 6
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 abstract 9
- 101710198884 GATA-type zinc finger protein 1 Proteins 0.000 abstract 3
- 102400000322 Glucagon-like peptide 1 Human genes 0.000 abstract 3
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 abstract 2
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 abstract 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 102000007446 Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010086246 Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/575—Hormones
- C07K14/605—Glucagons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/10—Laxatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P13/00—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system
- A61P13/12—Drugs for disorders of the urinary system of the kidneys
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
- A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
- A61P19/10—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/14—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating abnormal movements, e.g. chorea, dyskinesia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
- A61P25/28—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
- A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
- A61P27/12—Ophthalmic agents for cataracts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P5/00—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
- A61P5/48—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones
- A61P5/50—Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system of the pancreatic hormones for increasing or potentiating the activity of insulin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/02—Non-specific cardiovascular stimulants, e.g. drugs for syncope, antihypotensives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Neurology (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Urology & Nephrology (AREA)
- Psychiatry (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US71532205P | 2005-09-08 | 2005-09-08 | |
| PCT/US2006/034685 WO2007030519A2 (en) | 2005-09-08 | 2006-09-07 | Stabilized glp-1 analogs |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO20081654L true NO20081654L (no) | 2008-04-03 |
Family
ID=37836409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO20081654A NO20081654L (no) | 2005-09-08 | 2008-04-03 | Stabiliserte GLP-1-analoger |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8318668B2 (enExample) |
| EP (2) | EP1940438A4 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2009507844A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20080052649A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN101262874A (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2006287562B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0615573A2 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2621699A1 (enExample) |
| IL (1) | IL189996A0 (enExample) |
| NO (1) | NO20081654L (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2007030519A2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2525574C (en) * | 2003-05-15 | 2015-06-30 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Stable analogs of peptide and polypeptide therapeutics |
| WO2009149148A2 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Long-acting glp-1 derivatives, and methods of treating cardiac dysfunction |
| JP6121323B2 (ja) | 2010-05-13 | 2017-05-10 | インディアナ ユニバーシティー リサーチ アンド テクノロジー コーポレーションIndiana University Research And Technology Corporation | 核内ホルモン受容体の活性を示すグルカゴンスーパーファミリーのペプチド |
| WO2011143788A1 (en) * | 2010-05-17 | 2011-11-24 | Zhejiang Beta Pharma Inc. | Novel glucagon like peptide analogs, composition, and method of use |
| KR20130102470A (ko) | 2010-06-24 | 2013-09-17 | 인디애나 유니버시티 리서치 앤드 테크놀로지 코퍼레이션 | 아미드계 글루카곤 슈퍼패밀리 펩티드 프로드러그 |
| CN102363633B (zh) * | 2011-11-16 | 2013-11-20 | 天津拓飞生物科技有限公司 | 胰高血糖素样肽-1突变体多肽及其制备方法、药物组合物和其应用 |
| KR20140097151A (ko) | 2011-11-17 | 2014-08-06 | 인디애나 유니버시티 리서치 앤드 테크놀로지 코퍼레이션 | 글루코코르티코이드 수용체 활성을 나타내는 글루카곤 슈퍼패밀리 펩티드 |
| EP2630965A1 (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2013-08-28 | Curatis Pharma GmbH | A polypeptide for the protection from neurodegeneration in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) |
| AU2014359894B2 (en) | 2013-12-06 | 2020-09-17 | Baikang (Suzhou) Co., Ltd | Bioreversable promoieties for nitrogen-containing and hydroxyl-containing drugs |
| JP5910901B1 (ja) * | 2015-03-27 | 2016-04-27 | 株式会社東洋新薬 | Glp−1分泌促進剤 |
| TWI726889B (zh) * | 2015-06-10 | 2021-05-11 | 英商梅迪繆思有限公司 | 蛋白酶抗性之脂化肽 |
| DK3774862T3 (da) | 2018-04-05 | 2022-09-05 | Sun Pharmaceutical Ind Ltd | Nye GLP-1-analoger |
| KR20210081376A (ko) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-07-01 | 지아닝 리우 | Glp-1 수용체 작용제 활성을 갖는 glp-1 폴리펩티드 및 그의 용도 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3773919A (en) | 1969-10-23 | 1973-11-20 | Du Pont | Polylactide-drug mixtures |
| IE52535B1 (en) | 1981-02-16 | 1987-12-09 | Ici Plc | Continuous release pharmaceutical compositions |
| US5545618A (en) | 1990-01-24 | 1996-08-13 | Buckley; Douglas I. | GLP-1 analogs useful for diabetes treatment |
| CA2131315A1 (en) | 1992-03-25 | 1993-09-30 | Geert J. Ensing | Method of intraoperatively detecting and locating tumoral tissues |
| NZ261250A (en) | 1993-01-06 | 1997-08-22 | Kinerton Ltd | Ionic conjugates of polypeptides |
| US6890905B2 (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2005-05-10 | Prosidion Limited | Methods for improving islet signaling in diabetes mellitus and for its prevention |
| EP2022505B1 (en) * | 2001-07-31 | 2011-12-14 | The Government of the United States of America, as represented by the Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services | GLP-1, exendin-4, peptide analogs and uses thereof |
| CN1635900A (zh) | 2001-08-28 | 2005-07-06 | 伊莱利利公司 | Glp-1和基础胰岛素的预混合物 |
| EP1572892A4 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2007-08-22 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | HUMAN GLUCAGON-LIKE-PEPTIDE-1 MIMICS AND THEIR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES AND RELATED CONDITIONS |
| US7238671B2 (en) * | 2001-10-18 | 2007-07-03 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Human glucagon-like-peptide-1 mimics and their use in the treatment of diabetes and related conditions |
| CA2525574C (en) * | 2003-05-15 | 2015-06-30 | Trustees Of Tufts College | Stable analogs of peptide and polypeptide therapeutics |
-
2006
- 2006-09-07 CA CA002621699A patent/CA2621699A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-09-07 BR BRPI0615573-1A patent/BRPI0615573A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-09-07 US US12/066,324 patent/US8318668B2/en active Active
- 2006-09-07 JP JP2008530161A patent/JP2009507844A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2006-09-07 WO PCT/US2006/034685 patent/WO2007030519A2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-09-07 EP EP06814219A patent/EP1940438A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-09-07 KR KR1020087008178A patent/KR20080052649A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2006-09-07 AU AU2006287562A patent/AU2006287562B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-09-07 CN CNA2006800331050A patent/CN101262874A/zh active Pending
- 2006-09-07 EP EP11194831A patent/EP2497781A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2008
- 2008-03-06 IL IL189996A patent/IL189996A0/en unknown
- 2008-04-03 NO NO20081654A patent/NO20081654L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1940438A4 (en) | 2009-10-21 |
| EP2497781A1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
| US8318668B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 |
| EP1940438A2 (en) | 2008-07-09 |
| BRPI0615573A2 (pt) | 2011-05-24 |
| WO2007030519A2 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
| CA2621699A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
| KR20080052649A (ko) | 2008-06-11 |
| AU2006287562B2 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
| CN101262874A (zh) | 2008-09-10 |
| WO2007030519A3 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| US20090306338A1 (en) | 2009-12-10 |
| IL189996A0 (en) | 2008-08-07 |
| JP2009507844A (ja) | 2009-02-26 |
| AU2006287562A1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| NO20081654L (no) | Stabiliserte GLP-1-analoger | |
| DK1877435T3 (da) | Glucagon-lignende peptid 2 (GLP-2)-analoger | |
| CY1110397T1 (el) | Πολυπεπτιδιο που εχει βελτιωμενη δραστικοτητα αποαμινασης κυτοσινης | |
| PE20130615A1 (es) | Polipeptidos del receptor de activina variante y uso de los mismos | |
| DE602005020165D1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von l-arginin, l-ornithin oder l-citrullin | |
| EA200901108A1 (ru) | Соагонисты глюкагоновых/glp-1-рецепторов | |
| RU2010147076A (ru) | Аналоги инсулина специфичные к изоформам | |
| EA201170878A1 (ru) | Полипептиды с ксиланазной активностью | |
| NO20061026L (no) | Nye insulinderivater | |
| WO2007115837B1 (en) | Combination of an anti-edb fibronectin domain antibody/ il2 fusion protein and a further small molecule | |
| DK2231860T3 (da) | Polypeptid afledt protein A og i stand til at binde PDGF | |
| PE20120358A1 (es) | Mutantes fgf21 y usos de los mismos | |
| DK1755634T3 (da) | Oligopeptider til formindskelse af forhöjet blodurinstofkoncentration | |
| MY206268A (en) | Modified s1 subunit of the coronavirus spike protein | |
| MXPA06010347A (es) | Agonistas de receptor selectivo de y2 para intervenciones terapeuticas. | |
| MX2019013801A (es) | Compuestos de citocina inhibidora de macrofagos-1 (mic-1) y usos de estos. | |
| WO2011038900A3 (en) | Peptide analogues of glucagon for diabetes therapy | |
| MY209410A (en) | Recombinant protein variants | |
| JOP20220110A1 (ar) | ناهضات مستقبل npy2 | |
| BRPI0715331B8 (pt) | polipeptídeo que compreende uma porção n-terminal e uma porção c-terminal, e uso do mesmo | |
| BR0309491A (pt) | Composição de vacina, composição imunogênica, utilização de uma proteìna e7 e anticorpos neutralizantes | |
| MX2021013702A (es) | Subunidad s2 modificada de la proteina de espicula de coronavirus. | |
| MX2015016560A (es) | Proteina analgesica aislada de la secrecion de la rana trachycephalous venulosus. | |
| NO20083576L (no) | Peptider av regulatoriske eller hjelpeproteiner av HIV, samt sammensetninger og anvendelser derav | |
| DE602005025989D1 (de) | Von 2',3'-didesoxynucleosiden und 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-didesoxynucleosiden |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FC2A | Withdrawal, rejection or dismissal of laid open patent application |