NO164209B - Lader for en batteridrevet kirurgisk maskin. - Google Patents
Lader for en batteridrevet kirurgisk maskin. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO164209B NO164209B NO842864A NO842864A NO164209B NO 164209 B NO164209 B NO 164209B NO 842864 A NO842864 A NO 842864A NO 842864 A NO842864 A NO 842864A NO 164209 B NO164209 B NO 164209B
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- charging circuit
- charging
- discharge
- charger
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000881711 Acipenser sturio Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003446 memory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
- H02J7/0049—Detection of fully charged condition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S320/00—Electricity: battery or capacitor charging or discharging
- Y10S320/18—Indicator or display
- Y10S320/19—Charger status, e.g. voltmeter
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Bakery Products And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
Foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører en lader for batteridreven kirurgisk maskin, omfattende et fatningsparti for maskinens batteridel i et hus som innbefatter en ladekrets, idet ladekretsen i en første modus lader batteriet umiddelbart, og i en annen modus utlader batteriet først til en forhåndsbestemt lavere spenningsverdi og deretter lader batteriet på nytt.
En slik lader er blant annet kjent fra US patent nr.
4.288.733. Batteridelen, inneholdende eksempelvis flere nikkelkadmiumceller kan lett fjernes fra maskinen, eksempelvis som en del av håndtaket. Batteriet driver en elektrisk motor som på sin side driver en drillkutteanordning, skjære-anordning el. Etter en viss driftsperiode krever batteriene oppladning. Batteriet fjernes fra maskinhuset og forbindes med ladeapparatet. For kirurgisk anvendelse må batteridelen fungere pålitelig. Man må sikre seg mot at batteridelen ikke blir utladet under en operasjon. En kirurgisk operasjon må naturligvis ikke avbrytes for en nødvendig oppladning og deretter gjenopptas. Riktignok kan reservebatterideler holdes klare, men selv i et slikt tilfelle er det fare for at de kan være utilstrekkelig ladet, hvis man ikke tar spesielle forholdsregler.
Nikkelkadmiumceller har spesielt en tendens til rask utladning etter gjentatte ladninger, og de må ikke utlades til under et vist nivå. Ifølge US 4.342.954 gjøres der bruk av den generelle viten at NC batterier, på grunn av deres hukommelsesvirkning, lagrer bare en del av deres fullstendige kapasitet ved en multippel-delladning (dette også beskrevet i publikasjonen IEEE-spektrum, september 1976, side 33-36). Videre er det kjent at en indirekte utladningstil-stand neppe kan detekteres ved hjelp av cellespenningen. Den motholdte publikasjon lærer derfor først å utlade NC batteriet til en forhåndsbestemt lavere spenning for deretter å kunne lade batteriet over et forhåndsbestemt tids-intervall, fordi, spesielt i sammenheng med NC batterier, innebærer den spenningsavhengige ladning en risiko for overladning.
Med en slik kontinuerlig tidsavhengig ladningsinnretning, kan overbelastning unngås. På den annen side er det ikke mulig å oppnå en tilstandsstyring for batteriet, noe som er av stor betydning i forbindelse med legevirksomhet og kirurgi. Et ødelagt batteri kan ikke detekteres ved enden av den tidsmessig begrensede ladeprosess. Den foreliggende oppfinnelse fremskaffer imidlertid en lader som garanterer at oppladede celler eller* batterier arbeider tilfredsstillende.
En hensikt med oppfinnelsen er derfor å tilveiebringe en
lader for batteriopererte kirurgiske maskiner for å sikre at ladede batterier eller celler, spesielt nikkelkadmiumceller vil funksjonere sikkert. Denne hensikt oppnås i henhold til oppfinnelsen ved at ladekretsen er innrettet til å lade
batteriet opptil en forhåndsbestemt øvre spenningsverdi, at i en tredje modus utlader ladekretsen batteriet på nytt til en forhåndsbestemt lavere spenningsverdi og deretter lader batteriet til en forhåndsbestemt øvre spenningsverdi, at ladekretsen under den annen utladning og ladetrinn ved forhåndsbestemte tidsintervaller sammenligner den foreliggende spenning med en-ønsket spenning og overfører et signal til indikeringsorganer dersom den sammenlignede verdi når en forhåndsbestemt verdi, og at der på huset er plassert en selekteringsbryter for alle operasjonsmodi.
I en stilling for nevnte selekteringsbryter vil ladekretsen lade batterier til en forhåndsbestemt maksimal spenning uavhengig av utgangsspenningen fra hvilken ladningen er effek-tuert. Denne måte vil normalt velges kun i spesielle tilfeller hvor det er viktig å opplade batteridelen så raskt som mulig. I andre tilfeller derimot vil batteriet først utlades til en forhåndsbestemt nedre spenning, eksempelvis 25% av den nominelle spenning eller til et potensial som svarer til ca 25% av batteriets nominelle kapasitet. Deretter blir batteriet automatisk ladet til et forhåndsbestemt maksimum, eksempelvis en spenning ekvivalent til 75% av den nominelle kapasitet. Dette sikrer at ingen tilstand av for tidlige utladning kan oppstå som følge av gjentatte oppladninger og utilstrekkelig utladning av batteriet.
I tredje posisjon av selekteringsbryteren vil ladekretsen
først utlade batteriet til en forhåndsbestemt nedre spenning og deretter lade batteriet til et forhåndsbestemt øvre nivå,
og deretter utlade det til en forhåndsbestemt nedre spenning for deretter til slutt å opplade det til en forhåndsbestemt øvre spenning og sammenligne den aktuelle spenning med den nødvendige spenning ved forhåndsbestemte tidsintervaller under den andre utladning og fornyet oppladning av kretsen og signalisere en indikasjon hvis den sammenlignede stør-
relse oppnår en forhåndsbestemt størrelse.
På denne måte kan ladeoperasjonen assosieres med en prøve-
fase på samme tid. Uten en første utladning og omladning ville en sammenligning mellom de aktuelle og krevede verdier under flere trinn av utladning og oppladningsskruen ikke være særlig informative. Av denne grunn utføres først en utladning og oppladning før selve prøveprogrammet, i paral-
lell med selve ladningsprogrammet. Således vil den første utladning og oppladning preparere batteriet og bringe det til en forhåndsbestemt ladningstilstand, eksempelvis 75% av kapasiteten. Deretter, ved visse tidsintervaller, sammenlig-
nes ladningspotensialet med en forhåndsbestemt standard.
Hvis den sammenlignede verdi er for stor, vil en feil indikeres, vanligvis som følge av batteriets indre tilstand. For å tilveiebringe en oversikt over flere operasjonsbetingelser for laderen i henhold til oppfinnelsen omfatter en ytterligere forbedring eller raffinering av oppfinnelsen at en grafisk fremstilling av utladnings- og ladningskurven vises på huset ved hjelp av en serie lysemittterende dioder under den grafiske fremstilling, hvor hver representerer et spesi-
elt segment av kurven. Blinkende dioder kan eksempelvis indikere hvilket trinn av ladningen eller utladning som laderen tilveiebringer i et gitt øyeblikk.
Alle ladbare batterier har den egenskap at de utlader seg selv om de ikke belastes. Derfor i henhold til en ytterligere utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen vil, etter ferdig lading, ladningskretsen generere en reststrøm lik batteriets spon-taneutladningsstrøm.
En utførelsesform av oppfinnelsen skal illustreres under henvisning til de vedlagte tegninger. Figur 1 viser en lader i henhold til oppfinnelsen i et skje-matisk perspektiv. Figur 2 viser et programskjema for laderen i henhold til figur 1.
Før en nærmere detaljert representasjon av tegningene bør det understrekes at hver av trekkene vist og beskrevet, i seg selv eller i kombinasjonene med kravenes trekk er av vesentlig betydning for oppfinnelsen.
Figur 1 viser en lader 10 med et hus 11 med to fordypninger 12 og 13 i den hellende overflate for å motta batteridelen 14 av en ikke vist kirurgisk maskin. Batteridelene 14 kan eksempelvis nedføres i fordypningen 112 og 13 ved hjelp av en svalehaleforbindelse. Den har ikke viste plugger som kan innsettes i mottagerene 15.
På huset er en påbryter 16 for å starte laderen som forbindes med krafttilførselen. Ytterligere er det anordnet to programpaneler 17 og 18 som er forsynt med vippebrytere 19 og 20.
Figur 2 viser programpanelet 18 mer detaljert.
I panelet 18 er der anordnet 16 lysemitterende dioder 21. De første 8 dioder vedrører det første området 2 2 og de andre 8 det andre området 23. I området 22 er der vist en kurve med en rett nedhellende gren 2 4 og en stigende gren 25. På samme måte er en synkende gren 2 6 og en stigende gren 27 vist i området 23. Grenene 25 og 26 terminerer i et felles maksimum 28 i samme høyde som de øvre ender av grenene 24 og 27. Grenene 24 og 25 har et felles minimum 29 og 30 ligger på samme høyde og tilsvarer en nedre utladningstiltand, eksempelvis for en nikkelkadmiumcelle på 25% av den nominelle kapasitet. Maksimumet 28 tilsvarer en maksimal ladningstilstand for nikkelkadmiumcellen, eksempelvis 75% av den nominelle kapasitet. På høyre side av området 23 er der anordnet et ytterligere område 31 med en lysemitterende diode 32 og en lysemitterende diode 33.
I det følgende skal ladeoperasjonen for batteridelen 14, når denne er innsatt i fordypninger 13, beskrives for de tre forskjellige stillinger av vippebryteren 20.
1. Bryter 20 i høyre stilling.
Batteridelen 14 lades uavhengig av dets ladningsgrad. Ladningskretsen som ikke er vist begynner ladningen umiddelbart og en førerkrets forbundet med ladekretsen fastlegger det aktuelle og ønskede potensial for batteriet 14 og indikerer ved hjelp av den tilhørende diode 21 i hvilken tilstand batteridelen er i. Når maksimum er nådd går ladekretsen ut av ladetilstanden og nedsetter ladestrømmen, eksempelvis 2 amp til en hundredel av denne strøm for å holde batteridelen i maksimal ladet tilstand inntil bruk.
2. Bryter 20 i sentralstilling.
I denne arbeidsform vil "programmet" likeledes begynne i det høyre området 23, men nikkelkadmiumcellen blir først utladet til minimumet 30. Utladningen begynner et hvilket som helst sted mellom maksimum 28 og minimumet 30 avhengig av ladings-tilstanden for cellene. Utladningen finner likeledes sted eksempelvis ved 2 amp. Når minimumet er nådd vil ladekretsen automatisk dette over til ladning og lade batteridelen inntil maksimum er nådd. Ved denne drift av laderen kan det ikke fastslås hvorvidt cellene fremdeles fungerer riktig. For å sikre, også denne arbeidstilstand, at en feilfunksjon i laderen kan påvises kan spesielt utladnings- og ladnings-tiden måles. Feks hvis ladningen tar legre enn 60 min eller hvis utladningen tar lengre enn 4 0 min vil dioden 32 blinke for å indikere en defekt i ladningen.
3. Bryter 20 i venstre stilling.
Når laderen er i denne arbeidstilstand vil ladeprosessen knyttes til et prøveprogram. Først blir cellen utladet og utladningen begynner som ovenfor beskrevet et eller annet sted mellom maksimum og minimum for grenen 24. Når minimumet 29 er nådd vil laderen automatisk påbegynne ladningen av batteriet opp til maksimumet 28. De første 8 dioder 21 indikerer hvert trinn nådd under dertne prosess. Når maksimums-verdien 28 er nådd påbegynner utladning av batteridelen 14 ned til minimumsverdien 30. Under denne utladning vil, i foreliggende tilfelle en sammenligning i løpet av fire tidsintervaller utføres mellom det aktuelle ladepotensial og en standard. Hvis verdiene som sammenlignes adskiller seg vesentlig fra hverandre indikeres dette med dioden 32, eksempelvis rød. Når minimumsverdien 3 0 er nådd vil ladning finne sted langs grenen 27 og en sammenligning med den aktuelle verdi og standarden for potensialene blir igjen utført i løpet av fire tidsintervaller. Også i dette tilfellet kan dioden 32 indikere hvorvidt sammenligningen har oppnådd den forhåndsinnstilte verdi. Hvis prøven er tilfredsstillende vil dette sikre at cellen fungerer normalt for dets kapasitet. Når prøven er fullstendig og også ladeprosessen er ferdig kan den fullstendige ladeoperasjon eksemplvis indikeres av dioden 3 3 som avgir ekesemplvis et grønt lys.
Claims (3)
1. Lader for batteridreven kirurgisk maskin, omfattende et fatningsparti for maskinens batteridel i_et hus som innbefatter en ladekrets, idet ladekretsen i en første modus lader batteriet umiddelbart, og i en annen modus utlader batteriet først til en forhåndsbestemt lavere spenningsverdi og deretter lader batteriet på nytt, karakterisert ved at ladekretsen er innrettet til å lade batteriet (14) opptil en forhåndsbestemt øvre spenningsverdi, at i en tredje modus utlader ladekretsen batteriet på nytt til en forhåndsbestemt lavere spenningsverdi og deretter lader batteriet til en forhåndsbestemt øvre spenningsverdi, at ladekretsen under den annen utladning og ladetrinn ved forhåndsbestemte tidsintervaller sammenligner den foreliggende spenning med en ønsket spenning og overfører et signal til indikeringsorganer (32) dersom den sammenlignede verdi når en forhåndsbestemt verdi, og at der på huset (11) er plassert en selekteringsbryter (19, 20) for alle operasjonsmodi.
2. Lader ifølge krav 1,
karakterisert ved at der på huset er vist en grafisk fremstilling for utladnings- og ladekurver, og at en rekke lysemitterende dioder (21) er anordnet under kurven, hver tilsvarende et spesielt segment derav.
3. Lader ifølge krav 1 eller 2, karakterisert ved at etter fullstendig oppladning tilveiebringer ladekretsen en reststrøm lik den spontane utladningsstrøm for batteriet (14).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3325282A DE3325282C2 (de) | 1983-07-13 | 1983-07-13 | Verfahren zur Ladung eines Akkumulators |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO842864L NO842864L (no) | 1985-01-14 |
NO164209B true NO164209B (no) | 1990-05-28 |
NO164209C NO164209C (no) | 1990-09-05 |
Family
ID=6203884
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO842864A NO164209C (no) | 1983-07-13 | 1984-07-12 | Lader for en batteridrevet kirurgisk maskin. |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4698579A (no) |
EP (1) | EP0134410B1 (no) |
AT (1) | ATE41722T1 (no) |
CA (1) | CA1219904A (no) |
DE (2) | DE3325282C2 (no) |
DK (1) | DK165659C (no) |
ES (1) | ES8504409A1 (no) |
FI (1) | FI87500C (no) |
NO (1) | NO164209C (no) |
ZA (1) | ZA845337B (no) |
Families Citing this family (418)
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US20220378426A1 (en) | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | Cilag Gmbh International | Stapling instrument comprising a mounted shaft orientation sensor |
US11877745B2 (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2024-01-23 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling assembly having longitudinally-repeating staple leg clusters |
US11957337B2 (en) | 2021-10-18 | 2024-04-16 | Cilag Gmbh International | Surgical stapling assembly with offset ramped drive surfaces |
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Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3343060A (en) * | 1964-07-06 | 1967-09-19 | Introl Corp | Regulator circuit for battery chargers |
DE1513270A1 (de) * | 1965-04-23 | 1969-06-19 | Licentia Gmbh | Anordnung zum Formieren von Akkumulatoren |
US3445744A (en) * | 1968-02-23 | 1969-05-20 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Device for and the method of charging batteries |
FR2182731B3 (no) * | 1972-05-05 | 1975-08-01 | Elaul | |
US3919618A (en) * | 1974-06-10 | 1975-11-11 | Gates Rubber Co | Hysteresis battery charger |
US4342954A (en) * | 1979-10-01 | 1982-08-03 | Laser Products Corporation | Battery conditioning methods and apparatus |
FR2477282A1 (fr) * | 1980-02-29 | 1981-09-04 | Sncf | Dispositif de controle de la capacite de batteries d'accumulateurs |
DE3218367A1 (de) * | 1982-05-15 | 1983-11-17 | Kurt Dr. 4006 Erkrath Sauerwein | Verfahren und geraet zum laden von akkumulatoren |
-
1983
- 1983-07-13 DE DE3325282A patent/DE3325282C2/de not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-05-24 EP EP84105901A patent/EP0134410B1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-05-24 AT AT84105901T patent/ATE41722T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-05-24 DE DE8484105901T patent/DE3477451D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-07-09 FI FI842745A patent/FI87500C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-11 ZA ZA845337A patent/ZA845337B/xx unknown
- 1984-07-11 ES ES534225A patent/ES8504409A1/es not_active Expired
- 1984-07-12 CA CA000458694A patent/CA1219904A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-12 DK DK343484A patent/DK165659C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-12 NO NO842864A patent/NO164209C/no unknown
-
1986
- 1986-07-18 US US06/888,103 patent/US4698579A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO842864L (no) | 1985-01-14 |
ES534225A0 (es) | 1985-04-16 |
ES8504409A1 (es) | 1985-04-16 |
ZA845337B (en) | 1986-02-26 |
DK165659C (da) | 1993-05-17 |
NO164209C (no) | 1990-09-05 |
ATE41722T1 (de) | 1989-04-15 |
CA1219904A (en) | 1987-03-31 |
EP0134410B1 (de) | 1989-03-22 |
EP0134410A3 (en) | 1986-08-27 |
DE3325282C2 (de) | 1986-09-25 |
EP0134410A2 (de) | 1985-03-20 |
FI87500C (fi) | 1993-01-11 |
FI87500B (fi) | 1992-09-30 |
FI842745A0 (fi) | 1984-07-09 |
DE3325282A1 (de) | 1985-01-31 |
DK343484D0 (da) | 1984-07-12 |
DK343484A (da) | 1985-01-14 |
DK165659B (da) | 1992-12-28 |
DE3477451D1 (en) | 1989-04-27 |
FI842745A (fi) | 1985-01-14 |
US4698579A (en) | 1987-10-06 |
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