MD848Z - Process for growing bees - Google Patents
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- MD848Z MD848Z MDS20140013A MDS20140013A MD848Z MD 848 Z MD848 Z MD 848Z MD S20140013 A MDS20140013 A MD S20140013A MD S20140013 A MDS20140013 A MD S20140013A MD 848 Z MD848 Z MD 848Z
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 235000020374 simple syrup Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- JCQLYHFGKNRPGE-FCVZTGTOSA-N lactulose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 JCQLYHFGKNRPGE-FCVZTGTOSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229960000511 lactulose Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- PFCRQPBOOFTZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactulose keto form Natural products OCC(=O)C(O)C(C(O)CO)OC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O PFCRQPBOOFTZGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000186016 Bifidobacterium bifidum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 244000199885 Lactobacillus bulgaricus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000013960 Lactobacillus bulgaricus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 240000006024 Lactobacillus plantarum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000013965 Lactobacillus plantarum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940002008 bifidobacterium bifidum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940004208 lactobacillus bulgaricus Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940072205 lactobacillus plantarum Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000186000 Bifidobacterium Species 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229960000292 pectin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009341 apiculture Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 244000144987 brood Species 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 210000001520 comb Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 241000220479 Acacia Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000010643 Leucaena leucocephala Nutrition 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 241000264877 Hippospongia communis Species 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940109850 royal jelly Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019722 synbiotics Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
Invenţia se referă la apicultură, în particular la un procedeu de creştere a albinelor.Procedeul, conform invenţiei, include hrănirea albinelor cu un amestec din sirop de zahăr de 50% şi 50…200 mg/L de aditiv furajer, în cantitate de 0,5…1,0 L la o familie, seara, odată la 6…12 zile, din primele zile ale lunii aprilie până la începutul culesului principal, totodată aditivul furajer conţine, în % mas.: Lactobacillus acidophilus cu titrul de 1x108 UFC/g 10, Lactobacillus plantarum cu titrul de 1x108 UFC/g 10, Lactobacillus bulgaricus cu titrul de 1x108 UFC/g 10, Enterococus faecium cu titrul de 1x107 UFC/g 4,5, Bifidobacterium bifidum cu titrul de 1x108 UFC/g 10, pectină 10, extract de drojdii 25, lactuloză 0,5 şi lecitină 20.The invention relates to beekeeping, in particular to a process for growing bees. The process according to the invention includes feeding bees with a mixture of 50% sugar syrup and 50… 200 mg / L of feed additive, in an amount of 0, 5 ... 1.0 L in a family, in the evening, every 6 ... 12 days, from the first days of April to the beginning of the main harvest, at the same time the feed additive contains, in% mass: Lactobacillus acidophilus with the title of 1x108 CFU / g 10, Lactobacillus plantarum with 1x108 CFU / g 10, Lactobacillus bulgaricus with 1x108 CFU / g 10, Enterococus faecium with 1x107 CFU / g 4,5, Bifidobacterium bifidum with 1x108 CFU / g 10, pectin 10 , yeast extract 25, lactulose 0.5 and lecithin 20.
Description
Invenţia se referă la apicultură, în particular la un procedeu de creştere a albinelor. The invention relates to beekeeping, in particular to a process for raising bees.
Albinele colectează de pe florile plantelor nectar şi polen, pe care le prelucrează în hrană - miere şi păstură. Hrana albinelor conţine toate substanţele nutritive vitale necesare - proteine, lipide, glucide, substanţe minerale, vitamine. Pentru procesele vitale familia de albine are nevoie de o cantitate considerabilă de miere şi păstură. Familia puternică pe parcursul anului consumă 90 kg miere: în perioada repausului de iarnă - cca 10 kg, iar în perioada vitală activă - primăvara, vara şi toamna - cca 80 kg (la întreţinerea vieţii indivizilor adulţi, hrănirea larvelor, secreţia cerii, consumul energetic în timpul zborului, prelucrarea nectarului în miere) (Буренин Н.Л., Котова Г.Н. Справочник по пчеловодству. Москва, Колос, 1977, p. 27…29) Bees collect nectar and pollen from plant flowers, which they process into food - honey and royal jelly. The food of bees contains all the necessary vital nutrients - proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins. For vital processes, the bee family needs a considerable amount of honey and royal jelly. A strong family consumes 90 kg of honey during the year: during the winter rest period - about 10 kg, and during the active vital period - spring, summer and autumn - about 80 kg (for the maintenance of the life of adult individuals, feeding larvae, wax secretion, energy consumption during flight, processing nectar into honey) (Burenin N.L., Kotova G.N. Handbook of beekeeping. Moscow, Kolos, 1977, p. 27…29)
În cazurile când în familie cantitatea rezervei de hrană este insuficientă, albinele trebuie să fie alimentate suplimentar. În calitate de înlocuitor al mierii se foloseşte siropul de zahăr. Pentru stimularea creşterii puietului în perioada de primăvară şi pentru creşterea mătcilor se utilizează siropul de zahăr în concentraţie de 50% (1 kg de zahăr la 1 L de apă) [1]. In cases where the amount of food supply in the family is insufficient, the bees must be fed additionally. Sugar syrup is used as a substitute for honey. To stimulate the growth of brood in the spring and for the growth of queens, sugar syrup is used in a concentration of 50% (1 kg of sugar per 1 L of water) [1].
Este cunoscut şi procedeul de creştere a familiilor de albine, care include hrănirea albinelor cu sirop de zahăr de 50%, în care se introduce un aditiv furajer (Праймiкс - Бiонорм П), care include tulpini de lacto- şi bifidobacterii în cantitate de 1x106 UFC/g, precum şi, în % mas.: lactuloză până la 5, extract de drojdii până la 20, pectină până la 10, în cantitate de 50…..200 mg/L de sirop [2]. The process of growing bee colonies is also known, which includes feeding bees with 50% sugar syrup, into which a feed additive is introduced (Праймiкс - Бiонорм П), which includes strains of lacto- and bifidobacteria in the amount of 1x106 UFC/g, as well as, in % mass: lactulose up to 5, yeast extract up to 20, pectin up to 10, in the amount of 50…..200 mg/L of syrup [2].
Dezavantajul acestui procedeu constă în aceea că albinele alimentându-se cu sirop de zahăr suplimentat cu aditiv furajer au o imunitate şi o rezistenţă redusă, ceea ce duce la micşorarea longevităţii şi la o creştere lentă a familiilor de albine. Totodată, în perioada de primăvară familiile de albine se îmbolnăvesc de maladia nosemoza (diareea), ca rezultat se înregistrează până la 30…40% pierderi, familii moarte sau slabe cu un număr redus de albine, în urma rezistenţei reduse. The disadvantage of this process is that bees feeding on sugar syrup supplemented with feed additive have reduced immunity and resistance, which leads to reduced longevity and slow growth of bee colonies. At the same time, in the spring, bee colonies fall ill with nosemosis (diarrhea), as a result of which up to 30…40% losses are recorded, dead or weak colonies with a reduced number of bees, due to reduced resistance.
Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia propusă constă în selectarea unui aditiv furajer ce conţine substanţe probiotice pentru normalizarea metabolismului, sporirea imunităţii şi reducerea mortalităţii, stimularea rezistenţei împotriva nosemozei, profilaxia şi terapia aparatului digestiv, recuperarea microflorei intestinului şi normalizarea procesului metabolic, majorarea creşterii puterii familiei de albine în perioada de primăvară, a productivităţii şi siguranţei albinelor. The problem solved by the proposed invention consists in selecting a feed additive containing probiotic substances for normalizing metabolism, enhancing immunity and reducing mortality, stimulating resistance against nosemosis, prophylaxis and therapy of the digestive system, recovering the intestinal microflora and normalizing the metabolic process, increasing the strength of the bee colony in the spring, productivity and safety of the bees.
Problema se soluţionează prin aceea că se propune un procedeu de creştere a albinelor care include hrănirea acestora cu un amestec din sirop de zahăr de 50% şi 50…200 mg/L de aditiv furajer cu conţinut de lacto- şi bifidobacterii, lactuloză, extract de drojdii şi pectină, seara, din primele zile ale lunii aprilie până la începutul culesului principal, totodată aditivul furajer conţine, în % mas.: Lactobacillus acidophilus cu titrul de 1x108 UFC/g 10, Lactobacillus plantarum cu titrul de 1x108 UFC/g 10, Lactobacillus bulgaricus cu titrul de 1x108 UFC/g 10, Enterococus faecium cu titrul de 1x107 UFC/g 4,5, Bifidobacterium bifidum cu titrul de 1x108 UFC/g 10, pectină 10, extract de drojdii 25, lactuloză 0,5 şi lecitină 20, totodată amestecul se administrează în cantitate de 0,5…1,0 L la o familie, odată la 6…12 zile. The problem is solved by proposing a bee breeding process that includes feeding them with a mixture of 50% sugar syrup and 50…200 mg/L of feed additive containing lacto- and bifidobacteria, lactulose, yeast extract and pectin, in the evening, from the first days of April until the beginning of the main harvest, at the same time the feed additive contains, in % mass: Lactobacillus acidophilus with a titer of 1x108 UFC/g 10, Lactobacillus plantarum with a titer of 1x108 UFC/g 10, Lactobacillus bulgaricus with a titer of 1x108 UFC/g 10, Enterococus faecium with a titer of 1x107 UFC/g 4.5, Bifidobacterium bifidum with a titer of 1x108 UFC/g 10, pectin 10, yeast extract 25, lactulose 0.5 and lecithin 20, at the same time The mixture is administered in an amount of 0.5…1.0 L per family, once every 6…12 days.
Aditivului furajer numit „Belaxan” este produs de AŞP „Ariadna” (Ucraina, Odesa), conform procedeelor prezentate în ТУ У 15.7-31034548-004:2009, acesta fiind un aditiv sinbiotic complex produs pe bază de celule liofilizate special selecţionate după rezistenţă la antibiotice şi care sunt antagoniste microflorei patogene a tulpinilor de lacto- şi bifidobacterii. The feed additive called "Belaxan" is produced by AŞP "Ariadna" (Ukraine, Odessa), according to the processes presented in ТУ У 15.7-31034548-004:2009, this being a complex synbiotic additive produced on the basis of lyophilized cells specially selected for antibiotic resistance and which are antagonists of pathogenic microflora of lacto- and bifidobacteria strains.
Utilizarea procedeului de creştere a albinelor － în lipsa culesului nectaro-polinifer când rezervele de hrană din stup sunt reduse, oferă următoarele priorităţi, ce constau în sporirea imunităţii albinelor şi reducerea mortalităţii, stimularea rezistenţei împotriva nosemozei, profilaxia şi terapia aparatului digestiv, recuperarea microflorei intestinului şi normalizarea procesului metabolic, majorarea creşterii puterii familiei de albine în perioada de primăvară. The use of the beekeeping process - in the absence of nectar-polliniferous harvesting when the food reserves in the hive are reduced, offers the following priorities, which consist in increasing the immunity of bees and reducing mortality, stimulating resistance against nosemosis, prophylaxis and therapy of the digestive system, restoring the intestinal microflora and normalizing the metabolic process, increasing the growth of the bee colony's strength in the spring period.
Rezultatul invenţiei constă în sporirea imunităţii albinelor şi reducerea mortalităţii, stimularea rezistenţei împotriva nosemozei, profilaxia şi terapia aparatului digestiv, recuperarea microflorei intestinului şi normalizarea procesului metabolic, majorarea creşterii puterii familiei de albine în perioada de primăvară. The result of the invention consists in increasing the immunity of bees and reducing mortality, stimulating resistance against nosemosis, prophylaxis and therapy of the digestive system, recovering the intestinal microflora and normalizing the metabolic process, increasing the growth of the bee colony's strength in the spring period.
Exemplu de realizare a invenţiei Example of embodiment of the invention
Procedeul de creştere a albinelor se realizează prin hrănirea lor cu sirop de zahar de 50% şi un aditiv furajer, în cantitate de 50....200 mg/L. The bee breeding process is carried out by feeding them with 50% sugar syrup and a feed additive, in an amount of 50....200 mg/L.
Amestecul de sirop cu aditiv se pregăteşte în felul următor: apa se încălzeşte până la fierbere, apoi se adaugă zahărul în raport de 1:1, soluţia se agită până se dizolvă complet zahărul. Când siropul se răceşte până la temperatura de 30°C se adaugă aditivul furajer, în cantitate de 50....200 mg la un litru de sirop de zahar de 50%, care este dizolvat în 80…100 ml apă, şi se agită împreună. Albinele se hrănesc seara în perioada de primăvară din primele zile ale lunii aprilie cu 0,5…1,0 L amestec la o familie, odată la 6….12 zile, până la începutul culesului principal. The syrup mixture with the additive is prepared as follows: the water is heated to boiling, then sugar is added in a 1:1 ratio, the solution is stirred until the sugar is completely dissolved. When the syrup cools to a temperature of 30°C, the feed additive is added in an amount of 50...200 mg per liter of 50% sugar syrup, which is dissolved in 80...100 ml of water, and stirred together. Bees are fed in the evening in the spring period from the first days of April with 0.5...1.0 L of the mixture per family, once every 6...12 days, until the beginning of the main harvest.
Pentru determinarea condiţiilor optimale de realizare a procedeului propus a fost studiată influenţa aditivului furajer la sporirea imunităţii albinelor şi reducerea mortalităţii, stimularea rezistenţei şi normalizarea procesului metabolic, la creşterea, dezvoltarea şi productivitatea familiilor de albine în perioada de primăvară. To determine the optimal conditions for carrying out the proposed process, the influence of the feed additive on increasing bee immunity and reducing mortality, stimulating resistance and normalizing the metabolic process, on the growth, development and productivity of bee colonies in the spring period was studied.
Experienţa I. Pentru determinarea cantităţii optimale de aditiv furajer la un litru de sirop la alimentarea albinelor, în perioada de primăvară la stupina „Albinărie”, r-nul Ialoveni, au fost formate 6 loturi de familii de albine, care s-au întreţinut în stupi orizontali, inclusiv 4 experimentale şi 2 ca martor. Experience I. To determine the optimal amount of feed additive per liter of syrup when feeding bees, in the spring at the "Albinărie" apiary, Ialoveni district, 6 batches of bee families were formed, which were maintained in horizontal hives, including 4 experimental and 2 as controls.
Familiilor de albine din lotul I experimental li s-a administrat câte 0,5 L de sirop de zahăr cu 50 mg/L de aditiv furajer. Familiilor de albine din lotul II experimental li s-a administrat câte 0,5 L de sirop de zahăr cu 100 mg/L de aditiv furajer. Familiilor de albine din lotul III experimental li s-a administrat câte 0,5 L de sirop de zahăr cu 150 mg/L de aditiv furajer. Familiilor de albine din lotul IV experimental li s-a administrat câte 0,5 L de sirop de zahăr cu 200 mg/L de aditiv furajer. Familiilor de albine din lotul V (martor I) li s-a administrat câte 0,5 litri de sirop de zahăr pur. Familiilor de albine din lotul VI (martor II) li s-a administrat câte 0,5 litri de sirop de zahăr cu 100 mg/L de aditiv furajer Праймiкс - Бiонорм П. Bee colonies in experimental group I were given 0.5 L of sugar syrup with 50 mg/L of feed additive. Bee colonies in experimental group II were given 0.5 L of sugar syrup with 100 mg/L of feed additive. Bee colonies in experimental group III were given 0.5 L of sugar syrup with 150 mg/L of feed additive. Bee colonies in experimental group IV were given 0.5 L of sugar syrup with 200 mg/L of feed additive. Bee colonies in group V (control I) were given 0.5 liters of pure sugar syrup. Bee colonies in group VI (control II) were given 0.5 liters of sugar syrup with 100 mg/L of feed additive Праймiкс - Бiонорм П.
Familiile experimentale şi cele martor au fost alimentate cu câte 0,5 L de sirop de zahăr, odată la 6 zile, seara, începând cu 19.04.2013 şi până la începutul culesului principal de la salcâmul alb. The experimental and control families were fed 0.5 L of sugar syrup, once every 6 days, in the evening, starting with 19.04.2013 and until the beginning of the main harvest from the white locust.
Rezultatele cercetărilor au demonstrat că la primul control de primăvară (19.04.2013) la formarea loturilor în cuibul familiilor erau în medie câte 5,7…6,0 faguri, puterea a constituit 4,7…5,0 spaţii dintre faguri populaţi cu albine, 64,3…80,0 sute celule de puiet căpăcit şi 4,2…8,2 kg miere (tabelul 1). The research results showed that at the first spring check (19.04.2013) when forming batches in the family nests there were on average 5.7…6.0 combs, the power was 4.7…5.0 spaces between combs populated with bees, 64.3…80.0 hundred cells of capped brood and 4.2…8.2 kg of honey (table 1).
Tabelul 1 Table 1
Indicii morfo-productivi ai familiilor de albine de la stupina SRL „Albinărie” Morpho-productive indices of bee colonies from the apiary of SRL "Albinărie"
Loturile Puterea, spaţii dintre faguri populaţi cu albine Puiet căpăcit, sute celule Miere, kg 19.04.2013 I - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 50 mg/L 5,0±1,00 80,0±18,58 5, 7±1,67 II - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 100 mg/L 5,0±0,58 67,0±13,43 4,2±0,79 III - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 150 mg/L 5,0±1,00 65,0±7,94 6,8±2,05 IV - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 200 mg/L 4,7±0,33 67,0±1,16 8,2±0,81 V - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor I) 5,0±0,00 64,3±9,20 7,1±0,70 VI - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer Праймiкс - Бiонорм П 100 mg/L (martor II) 4,0±0,00 60,8±7,14 4,4±0,24 1.05.2013 I - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 50 mg/L 6,3±1,33 120,0±23,74 5,0±1,53 II - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 100 mg/L 8,0±0,58 100,0±18,21 5,3±1,45 III - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 150 mg/L 7,0±1,16 136,3±13,54* 4,33±0,67 IV - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 200 mg/L 4,7±0,33 109,3±2,333 4,0±1,53 V - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor I) 7,0±0,00 98,7±9,025 4,0±1,00 VI - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (martor II) 6,0±0,45 96,6±11,06 4,8±0,37 13.05.2013 (înaintea înflorii salcâmului alb) I - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 50 mg/L 7,3±1,33 136,0±31,19 5,3±1,45 II - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 100 mg/L 9,7±1,20 122,7±22,93 9,3±0,89 III - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 150 mg/L 9,7±1,20 157,3±11,26* 8,3±2,33 IV - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 200 mg/L 8,3±0,33 141,3±21,80 5,0±0,58 V - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor I) 9,3±0,33 119, 7±8,51 6,7±0,67 VI - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (martor II) 11,0±2,00 148,2±13,0 9,0±1,87 26.05.13 după culesul de salcâm I - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 50 mg/L 11,67±2,67 132,3±24,85 22,2±6,38 II - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 100 mg/L 11,33±0,88 97,7±10,20 27,5±1,43* III - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 150 mg/L 12,67±2,73 131,3±15,25 25,1±4,36 IV - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 200 mg/L 11,7±1,20 105,0±7,1 22,9±0,35 V - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor I) 11,7±1,45 127,0±10,9 24,5±0,32 VI - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (martor II) - - 24,9±5,50Batches Power, spaces between combs populated with bees Hatched brood, hundreds of cells Honey, kg 19.04.2013 I - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 50 mg/L 5.0±1.00 80.0±18.58 5. 7±1.67 II - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 100 mg/L 5.0±0.58 67.0±13.43 4.2±0.79 III - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 150 mg/L 5.0±1.00 65.0±7.94 6.8±2.05 IV - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 200 mg/L 4.7±0.33 67.0±1.16 8.2±0.81 V - Pure sugar syrup (control I) 5.0±0.00 64.3±9.20 7.1±0.70 VI - Sugar syrup + feed additive Праймiкс - Бiонорм П 100 mg/L (control II) 4.0±0.00 60.8±7.14 4.4±0.24 1.05.2013 I - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 50 mg/L 6.3±1.33 120.0±23.74 5.0±1.53 II - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 100 mg/L 8.0±0.58 100.0±18.21 5.3±1.45 III - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 150 mg/L 7.0±1.16 136.3±13.54* 4.33±0.67 IV - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 200 mg/L 4.7±0.33 109.3±2.333 4.0±1.53 V - Pure sugar syrup (control I) 7.0±0.00 98.7±9.025 4.0±1.00 VI - Sugar syrup + feed additive Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (control II) 6.0±0.45 96.6±11.06 4.8±0.37 13.05.2013 (before the white locust blossom) I - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 50 mg/L 7.3±1.33 136.0±31.19 5.3±1.45 II - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 100 mg/L 9.7±1.20 122.7±22.93 9.3±0.89 III - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 150 mg/L 9.7±1.20 157.3±11.26* 8.3±2.33 IV - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 200 mg/L 8.3±0.33 141.3±21.80 5.0±0.58 V - Pure sugar syrup (control I) 9.3±0.33 119. 7±8.51 6.7±0.67 VI - Sugar syrup + feed additive Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (control II) 11.0±2.00 148.2±13.0 9.0±1.87 26.05.13 after harvesting acacia I - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 50 mg/L 11.67±2.67 132.3±24.85 22.2±6.38 II - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 100 mg/L 11.33±0.88 97.7±10.20 27.5±1.43* III - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 150 mg/L 12.67±2.73 131.3±15.25 25.1±4.36 IV - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 200 mg/L 11.7±1.20 105.0±7.1 22.9±0.35 V - Pure sugar syrup (control I) 11.7±1.45 127.0±10.9 24.5±0.32 VI - Sugar syrup + feed additive Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (control II) - - 24.9±5.50
Notă: semnificaţia diferenţelor medii este autentică: * B ≥ 0,95 Note: the significance of the mean differences is authentic: * B ≥ 0.95
La controlul efectuat pe data de 01.05.2013 s-a constatat că puterea familiilor a constituit în medie pe loturi 4,7…8,0 spaţii dintre faguri populaţi cu albine, puietul căpăcit 96,6…136,3 sute celule şi 4,0…5,3 kg miere. În această perioadă mai bine s-au dezvoltat familiile de albine din lotul III, care au fost hrănite cu sirop de zahăr şi 150 mg/L de aditiv furajer (sinbiotic), au întrecut lotul martor I cu 37,6 sute celule (td = 2,31) şi cu 39,7 6 sute celule lotul martor II. During the control carried out on 01.05.2013, it was found that the strength of the families constituted on average 4.7…8.0 spaces between the combs populated with bees, the brood brood 96.6…136.3 hundred cells and 4.0…5.3 kg of honey. During this period, the bee families from group III, which were fed with sugar syrup and 150 mg/L of feed additive (synbiotic), developed better, surpassing the control group I by 37.6 hundred cells (td = 2.31) and the control group II by 39.7 6 hundred cells.
S-a observat că înaintea înfloririi salcâmului alb (pe data de 13.05.2013) cel mai mare număr de puiet căpăcit (157,3 sute celule) a fost în lotul III sau cu 37,6 sute celule (31,41%) mai mult faţă de lotul martor I (td = 2,66) şi cu 9,1 sute celule sau cu 6,14% mai mult faţă de lotul martor II. It was observed that before the flowering of the white locust (on 13.05.2013) the largest number of capped seedlings (157.3 hundred cells) was in group III or by 37.6 hundred cells (31.41%) more than in control group I (td = 2.66) and by 9.1 hundred cells or by 6.14% more than in control group II.
După culesul de la salcâmul alb (26.05.2013) s-a constatat că cea mai mare putere au avut-o familiile din lotul III - 12,67 spaţii dintre faguri populaţi cu albine, sau cu 8,29% mai mult ca în lotul martor I. Cantitatea maximă de miere au colectat-o familiile de albine din lotul II - 27,5 kg sau cu 12,24% mai mult decât lotul martor I şi cu 10,44% decât lotul martor II. After the collection from the white acacia (26.05.2013) it was found that the families from group III had the greatest power - 12.67 spaces between the honeycombs populated with bees, or 8.29% more than in control group I. The maximum amount of honey was collected by the families from group II - 27.5 kg or 12.24% more than control group I and 10.44% than control group II.
Experienţa II. La stupina individuală „Ion Cataraga” din c. Vatra, r-nul Străşeni, au fost formate 4 loturi experimentale şi 2 loturi martor. Familiile de albine s-au întreţinut în stupi multietajaţi, iar hrănirea s-a efectuat odată la 12 zile, câte un litru de sirop, începând cu 20 aprilie până la culesul principal de la salcâmul alb. Experience II. At the individual apiary "Ion Cataraga" in Vatra village, Straseni district, 4 experimental groups and 2 control groups were formed. The bee colonies were maintained in multi-storey hives, and feeding was carried out once every 12 days, one liter of syrup, starting with April 20 until the main harvest from the white acacia.
S-a constatat că la momentul formării loturilor pe data de 20.04.2013 familiile de albine aveau în medie câte 7,7…8,0 faguri, puterea fiind de 6,7…7,0 spaţii dintre faguri populaţi cu albine, puietul căpăcit număra câte 71,2…75,0 sute celule, rezerva de miere de 2,0…4,0 kg (tabelul 2). It was found that at the time of the formation of the batches on 20.04.2013, the bee colonies had an average of 7.7…8.0 combs, the strength being 6.7…7.0 spaces between the combs populated with bees, the brood brood counted 71.2…75.0 hundred cells, the honey reserve was 2.0…4.0 kg (table 2).
Tabelul 2 Table 2
Indicii morfo-productivi ai familiilor de albine de la stupina SRL „Ion Cataraga” c. Vatra Morpho-productive indices of bee colonies from the apiary of SRL "Ion Cataraga" v. Vatra
Loturile Puterea, spaţii dintre faguri populaţi cu albine Puiet căpăcit, sute celule Miere, kg 20.04.2013 I - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 50 mg/L 6,7±0,33 74,0±5,51 4,0±1,15 II - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 100 mg/L 7,0±0,00 75,0±3,21 2,0±0,58 III - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 150 mg/L 6,7±0,33 74,0±6,81 2,7±0,67 IV - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 200 mg/L 7,0±0,00 74,0±6,56 3,3±1,33 V - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor I) 6,7±0,33 73,67±9,82 3,3±0,88 VI - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (martor II) 6,8±0,20 71,2±7,317 2,8±0,86 02.05.2013 I - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 50 mg/L 9,0±0,00 134,3±22,24 5,7±0,88 II - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 100 mg/L 9,3±0,33 145,3±15,94* 7,3±0,33 III - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 150 mg/L 9,0±0,00 137,7±11,05* 6,3±1,20 IV - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 200 mg/L 9,0±0,00 119,0±13,00 6,3±1,20 V - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor I) 9,0±0,00 109,7±4,05 6,0±1,00 VI- Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (martor II) 8,8±0,20 112,4±10,068 8,0±1,924 04.06.2013 după culesul de la salcâm I - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 50mg/L 19,0±0,00 135,0 40,7±1,12 II - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 100 mg/L 19,0±0,00 169,3±35,36 41,0±4,84 III - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 150 mg/L 18,7±0,33 132,0±24,01 43,3±5,34 IV - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer, 200 mg/L 18,7±0,33 139,0±26,96 40,4±2,51 V - Sirop de zahăr pur (martor I) 18,0±1,00 130,3±14,44 38,5±1,21 VI - Sirop de zahăr + aditiv furajer Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (martor II) 18,0 132,0 40,9±4,46Batches Power, spaces between combs populated with bees Hatched brood, hundreds of cells Honey, kg 20.04.2013 I - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 50 mg/L 6.7±0.33 74.0±5.51 4.0±1.15 II - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 100 mg/L 7.0±0.00 75.0±3.21 2.0±0.58 III - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 150 mg/L 6.7±0.33 74.0±6.81 2.7±0.67 IV - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 200 mg/L 7.0±0.00 74.0±6.56 3.3±1.33 V - Pure sugar syrup (control I) 6.7±0.33 73.67±9.82 3.3±0.88 VI - Sugar syrup + feed additive Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (control II) 6.8±0.20 71.2±7.317 2.8±0.86 02.05.2013 I - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 50 mg/L 9.0±0.00 134.3±22.24 5.7±0.88 II - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 100 mg/L 9.3±0.33 145.3±15.94* 7.3±0.33 III - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 150 mg/L 9.0±0.00 137.7±11.05* 6.3±1.20 IV - Sugar syrup + additive feed, 200 mg/L 9.0±0.00 119.0±13.00 6.3±1.20 V - Pure sugar syrup (control I) 9.0±0.00 109.7±4.05 6.0±1.00 VI- Sugar syrup + feed additive Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (control II) 8.8±0.20 112.4±10.068 8.0±1.924 04.06.2013 after picking from acacia I - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 50mg/L 19.0±0.00 135.0 40.7±1.12 II - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 100 mg/L 19.0±0.00 169.3±35.36 41.0±4.84 III - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 150 mg/L 18.7±0.33 132.0±24.01 43.3±5.34 IV - Sugar syrup + feed additive, 200 mg/L 18.7±0.33 139.0±26.96 40.4±2.51 V - Pure sugar syrup (control I) 18.0±1.00 130.3±14.44 38.5±1.21 VI - Sugar syrup + feed additive Праймiкс - Бiонорм П, 100 mg/L (control II) 18.0 132.0 40.9±4.46
Notă: semnificaţia diferenţelor medii este autentică: * B ≥ 0,95 Note: the significance of the mean differences is authentic: * B ≥ 0.95
După 12 zile s-a efectuat următorul control, în urma căruia s-a observat o creştere a numărului de puiet căpăcit la lotul II, unde a fost administrat sirop de zahăr cu aditiv furajer 100 mg/L, cu 35,6 sute celule sau cu 32,45% faţă de lotul martor I (td = 2,16) şi cu 32,9 sute celule sau 29,27% mai mult decât lotul martor II. O creştere semnificativă s-a menţionat şi la familiile de albine din lotul III, care au crescut 137,7 sute celule sau cu 25,52% mai mult faţă de lotul martor I (td = 2,38) şi cu 22,5% faţă de lotul martor II. After 12 days, the next control was carried out, as a result of which an increase in the number of hatched brood was observed in group II, where sugar syrup with feed additive 100 mg/L was administered, by 35.6 hundred cells or 32.45% compared to control group I (td = 2.16) and by 32.9 hundred cells or 29.27% more than control group II. A significant increase was also noted in bee colonies in group III, which increased by 137.7 hundred cells or 25.52% more than control group I (td = 2.38) and by 22.5% compared to control group II.
După culesul de la salcâmul alb pe 4 iunie 2013 familiile de albine din lotul II au atins puterea de 19 spaţii dintre faguri populaţi cu albine sau cu 5,56% mai mare ca în loturile martor, au crescut 169,3 sute celule sau cu 28,26…29,93% mai mult ca în loturile martor I şi II. Albinele au depozitat în cuib în medie câte 41,0 kg de miere sau cu 0,1…2,5 kg (0,24…6,49%) mai mult decât în loturile martor. After the collection from the white acacia on June 4, 2013, the bee colonies in batch II reached the strength of 19 spaces between the honeycombs populated with bees or 5.56% higher than in the control batches, they increased 169.3 hundred cells or 28.26…29.93% more than in the control batches I and II. The bees stored in the nest an average of 41.0 kg of honey or 0.1…2.5 kg (0.24…6.49%) more than in the control batches.
Cea mai mare cantitate de miere de la salcâmul alb au depozitat familiile de albine din lotul III, în medie câte 43,3 kg sau cu 12,47% mai mult ca în lotul martor I şi cu 5,87% decât în lotul martor II. The bee colonies in group III stored the largest amount of honey from white acacia, on average 43.3 kg each or 12.47% more than in control group I and 5.87% more than in control group II.
Aşadar, administrarea siropului de zahăr cu aditivul furajer la albinele întreţinute în stupi orizontali asigură un surplus de miere în medie la o familie de 10,44…12,24% şi la cele întreţinute în stupi multietajaţi este cu 5,87…12,47% mai mult decât în loturile martor I şi II. Therefore, the administration of sugar syrup with the feed additive to bees maintained in horizontal hives ensures an average honey surplus per family of 10.44…12.24% and in those maintained in multi-story hives it is 5.87…12.47% more than in control groups I and II.
Deci, la realizarea procedeului propus se asigură în perioada de primăvară o creştere a puterii cu 5,56….8,29%, puietul căpăcit sporeşte cu 28,26….31,41%, iar productivitatea familiilor de albine cu 5,87….12,47% mai mare faţă de loturile martor. So, when implementing the proposed procedure, an increase in power by 5.56….8.29% is ensured in the spring period, the hatched brood increases by 28.26….31.41%, and the productivity of bee colonies is 5.87….12.47% higher than in the control groups.
1. Кривцов Н.Л., Лебедев В.И., Туников Г.М. Пчеловодство. Москва, Колос, 2000, p. 192-200 1. Krivtsov N.L., Lebedev V.I., Tunikov G.M. Beekeeping. Moscow, Kolos, 2000, p. 192-200
2. MD 538 Y 2012.08.31 2. MD 538 Y 2012.08.31
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