LU501857B1 - Restoration method for stony slope - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a restoration method for a stony slope, which belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration. In the present invention, endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and root nodule plants are planted in gaps of the stony slope to be restored. The present invention breaks through the limitation of traditionally using developed rhizobia plants as pioneer species to achieve plant regeneration, selects and breeds endogenous nitrogen-fixing trees and suffruticosa plants that do not require root nodules to fix nitrogen but use leaves to absorb and fix the nitrogen from the air, and is supplemented by a small amount of root nodules nitrogen-fixing plants, to reversely improve a nutrient status of root detrital rocks by the plant growth. The restoration method of the present invention may form a relatively stable artificial planting community, and it may grow normally by completely relying on conditions of local natural precipitation and light and the like. In the event of a particularly dry year, water may be appropriately supplemented without other special or extensive manual management and tending measures.

Description

RESTORATION METHOD FOR STONY SLOPE LU501857

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and specifically relates to a restoration method for a stony slope.

BACKGROUND In landslides, debris flows and engineering construction wounds, exposed detrital rock (mixed slope aggregate of crushed stones and gravels) slopes are often formed, with almost no loamy components, which is a typical stony slope. For the restoration and reconstruction of vegetation on the stony slope, existing technologies mostly use technical means and modes of covering with foreign soil, fertilizing and retaining water, planting artificial vegetation, and combining vegetation management and protection. For example, a Chinese patent CN112655307A discloses a shotcrete for ecological restoration of a stony slope and an ecological restoration technology thereof, the shotcrete contains red loam, a furfural residue, a conifer bark, plant ash, a urea, chicken manure fermentation liquid, a binder, a wood fibre, a high-order stabilizer, a water- retaining agent, growth liquid and a plant seed, and the ecological restoration process includes: preparing the shotcrete, infiltrating the slope, spray-seeding, shading and maintaining. The existing technologies require the shotcrete or culture soil with complex components to support the attachment and growth of the vegetation, but the restoration effect is difficult to last, and it is inconvenient to achieve the large-scale promotion (Xia Dong, Li Fuping, Yuan Xuetao, et al. "Open pit mine rocky slope ecological reconstruction technology research status and development trend", Metal Mine, 2018, (1): 1-10.). At the same time, the vegetation restored by such technologies is highly dependent on an artificial habitat, and it is difficult to form a zonal stable vegetation community in a short period of time, so its long-term stability and self-succession ability are relatively poor (Zhang Jiaming, Chen Jipu, Yang Jiging, He Yugiong, Tian Lin, "Research progress on vegetation slope protection technology for rocky slope in China", 2019, 33(5): 1-7.).

SUMMARY In view of this, a purpose of the present invention is to provide a restoration method for a stony slope, the method of the present invention may achieve the good stony slope restoration effect without the need for a shotcrete with complex components, and a vegetation community is good in stability. The present invention provides a restoration method for a stony slope, including the following steps: planting endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and root nodule plants in gaps of the stony slope to be restored;

the method of planting comprises cutting or seed dispersal; LU501857 the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprise trees and/or shrubs; while the method of planting is the seed dispersal, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprise a poplar tree and/or a willow tree, and the root nodule plants comprise a legume root nodule plant and/or an actinomycete root nodule plant; and while the method of planting is the cutting, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprise one or more of Salix himalayensis, Salix ernesti, panicum virgatum, Salix magnifica, Salix rehderiana, Populus purdomii and Populus szechuanica Schneid; the root nodule plants comprise one or more of Astragalus mongholicus, Oxytropis and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.

Preferably, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and the root nodule plants are planted according to the following climate classification standards: — from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 10~15°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 600 mm, and less than or equal to 800 mm, which is a cold and semi-humid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the cold and semi-humid area comprise one or more of a first combination, a second combination and a third combination; the first combination comprises the Salix magnifica, the Populus purdomii and the Astragalus mongholicus; the second combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; and the third combination comprises the Salix ernesti, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; — from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 10~15°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 300 mm, and less than 600 mm, which is a cold and semi-arid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the cold and semi- arid area comprise one or more of a fourth combination, a fifth combination and a sixth combination; the fourth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; the fifth combination comprises the Salix himalayensis and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; and the sixth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis; — from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 15-25°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 400 mm, and less than 600 mm, which is a temperate and semi-arid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the temperate and semi-arid area comprise one or more of a seventh combination, an eighth combination and a ninth combination; the seventh combination comprises the panicum virgatum, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; the eighth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis; and the ninth combination comprises the Salix himalayensis and the Oxytropis; and — from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 15-25°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 600 mm, and less than or equal to 1000 mm, which is a temperate and semi-humid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the temperate and semi-humid area comprise one or more of a tenth combination, an eleventh 501 857 combination and a twelfth combination; the tenth combination comprises the Populus szechuanica Schneid, the Salix ernesti and the Astragalus mongholicus; the eleventh combination comprises the panicum virgatum and the Salix magnifica; and the twelfth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.

Preferably, wherein in the cold and semi-humid area, the quantity ratio of the Salix magnifica, the Populus purdomii and the Astragalus mongholicus in the first combination is (50~60):(15~20):(20~30); the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the second combination is (55-65):(15-20):(10-20); and the quantity ratio of the Salix ernesti, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the third combination is (60~65):(15~20):(10~20); in the cold and semi-arid area, the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the fourth combination is (60~65):(20~25):(10~15); the quantity ratio of the Salix himalayensis and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the fifth combination is (60~65):(35~40); and the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis in the sixth combination is (60~65):(35~40); in the temperate and semi-arid area, the quantity ratio of the panicum virgatum and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the seventh combination is (55-60):(40-45); the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis in the eighth combination is (60-65): (35-40); and the quantity ratio of the Salix himalayensis and the Oxytropis in the ninth combination is (60~65):(35~40); and in the temperate and semi-humid area, the quantity ratio of the Populus szechuanica Schneid, the Salix ernesti and the Astragalus mongholicus in the tenth combination is (15~20):(55~60):(20~30); the quantity ratio of the panicum virgatum and the Salix magnifica in the eleventh combination is (40-45):(55-60); and the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the twelfth combination is (50~60):(20~25):(15~25).

Preferably, the tree age of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plant is annual.

Preferably, middle and lower parts of a first-grade seedling and/or a second-grade seedling of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plant are used as seed strips of the cutting.

Preferably, the void ratio of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants is 25%~30%.

Preferably, while there is no fine-grained substance filling in the detrital rock or gravel gaps with a depth of 20 cm, and before planting the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and the root nodule plants, it further includes: filling the detrital rock or gravel gaps of the stony slope to be restored with foreign soil immediately adjacent to the surrounding area.

Preferably, the depth of the foreign soil filling is 3-5 cm, and the depth of the filled gap is 22 cm.

Preferably, the filling amount of the foreign soil is 100~200 kg per hectare. LU501857 Preferably, the stony slope is located in a high-mountain valley area in the southwest or a stony mountain area in the north. The present invention provides a restoration method for a stony slope, and endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and root nodule plants are planted in gaps of the stony slope to be restored. The present invention breaks through the limitation of traditionally using developed rhizobia plants as pioneer species to achieve plant regeneration, selects and breeds endogenous nitrogen-fixing trees that do not require root nodules to fix nitrogen but use leaves to absorb and fix the nitrogen from the air, to reversely improve a nutrient status of root detrital rocks by the plant growth. The restoration method of the present invention may form a relatively stable artificial planting community, and it may grow normally by completely relying on conditions of local natural precipitation and light and the like.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is an effect comparison diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention used and natural restoration; and herein 1 is a stony detrital rock slope, 2 is after 3 years of the natural restoration, 3 is after 3 years of an application of technical restoration of Embodiment 1, and 4 is after 5 years of the application of the technical restoration of Embodiment 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS The present invention provides a restoration method for a stony slope, including the following steps: planting endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and root nodule plants in gaps of the stony slope to be restored: the method of planting comprises cutting or seed dispersal; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprise trees and/or shrubs; while the method of planting is the seed dispersal, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprise a poplar tree and/or a willow tree, and the root nodule plants comprise a legume root nodule plant and/or an actinomycete root nodule plant; and while the method of planting is the cutting, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprise one or more of Salix himalayensis, Salix ernesti, panicum virgatum, Salix magnifica, Salix rehderiana, Populus purdomii and Populus szechuanica Schneid; the root nodule plants comprise one or more of Astragalus mongholicus, Oxytropis and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. In the present invention, the gap is preferably a gap of detrital rocks or gravels on a stony slope to be restored. In the present invention, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and the root nodule plants are planted according to the following climate classification standards: from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 10~15°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 600 mm, and less than or equal to 800 mm 501857 which is a cold and semi-humid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the cold and semi-humid area comprise one or more of a first combination, a second combination and a third combination; the first combination comprises the Salix magnifica, the Populus purdomii and 5 the Astragalus mongholicus; the second combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; and the third combination comprises the Salix ernesti, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 10~15°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 300 mm, and less than 600 mm, which is a cold and semi-arid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the cold and semi-arid area comprise one or more of a fourth combination, a fifth combination and a sixth combination; the fourth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; the fifth combination comprises the Salix himalayensis and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; and the sixth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis; from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 15~25°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 400 mm, and less than 600 mm, which is a temperate and semi-arid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the temperate and semi-arid area comprise one or more of a seventh combination, an eighth combination and a ninth combination; the seventh combination comprises the panicum virgatum, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; the eighth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis; and the ninth combination comprises the Salix himalayensis and the Oxytropis; and from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 15~25°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 600 mm, and less than or equal to 1000 mm, which is a temperate and semi-humid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the temperate and semi-humid area comprise one or more of a tenth combination, an eleventh combination and a twelfth combination; the tenth combination comprises the Populus szechuanica Schneid, the Salix ernesti and the Astragalus mongholicus, the eleventh combination comprises the panicum virgatum and the Salix magnifica; and the twelfth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.

In the present invention, wherein in the cold and semi-humid area, the quantity ratio of the Salix magnifica, the Populus purdomii and the Astragalus mongholicus in the first combination is (50~60):(15~20):(20~30); the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the second combination is (55-65):(15-20):(10-20); and the quantity ratio of the Salix ernesti, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the third combination is (60~65):(15~20):(10~20);

in the cold and semi-arid area, the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Astragalus, 501857 mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the fourth combination is (60~65):(20~25):(10~15); the quantity ratio of the Salix himalayensis and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the fifth combination is (60~65):(35~40); and the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis in the sixth combination is (60~65):(35~40); in the temperate and semi-arid area, the quantity ratio of the panicum virgatum and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the seventh combination is (55-60):(40-45); the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis in the eighth combination is (60-65): (35-40); and the quantity ratio of the Salix himalayensis and the Oxytropis in the ninth combination is (60~65):(35~40); and in the temperate and semi-humid area, the quantity ratio of the Populus szechuanica Schneid, the Salix ernesti and the Astragalus mongholicus in the tenth combination is (15-20):(55-60):(20-30); the quantity ratio of the panicum virgatum and the Salix magnifica in the eleventh combination is (40-45):(55-60); and the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the twelfth combination is (50~60):(20~25):(15~25).

In the present invention, the tree age of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plant is annual. The present invention breaks through the limitation of traditionally using developed rhizobia plants as pioneer species to achieve plant regeneration, selects and breeds endogenous nitrogen-fixing trees (mainly shrubs) that are suitable for local climatic conditions, and do not require root nodules to fix nitrogen but use leaves to absorb and fix the nitrogen from the air, to reversely improve a nutrient status of root detrital rocks by the plant growth. In the early stage of colonization and growth of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants, the present invention selects and plants suitable plants with both endophytic and root nodule nitrogen-fixing and strong root nodule nitrogen-fixing herbs, to form an optimized plant community collocation with stronger mutual aid and symbiosis. After the above plant community is colonized in an optimal distribution structure, a relatively stable artificial planting community may be formed, and it may grow normally by completely relying on conditions of local natural precipitation and light and the like. In the event of a particularly dry year, water may be appropriately supplemented without other special or extensive manual management and tending measures. One year after the above artificial vegetation community is colonized, the stable plant community with closer habitat connection, synergistic symbiosis, and both shrub and grass plant layers may be formed. It has the good adaptability to local natural conditions, and strong endogenous succession function, the vegetation community forms the basic ecological process of natural survival and regeneration succession, and it has the strong internal stability and resilience to environmental changes, to achieve the sustainable and continuously improved effect of vegetation restoration and reconstruction. The method of the present invention is widely applicable to the vegetation restoration and reconstruction in extremely harsh and barren environments such as the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and its surrounding areas, the north-eastern areas such as alpine, arid and semi-arid areas, and detrital rock earth surfaces. LU501857 In the present invention, middle and lower parts of a first-grade seedling and/or a second- grade seedling of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plant are used as seed strips of the cutting, and a shoot of the cutting is high in lignification degree, and plump and robust in bud, without pests and diseases.

In the present invention, the void ratio of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants is 25%~30%.

The method of the present invention does not need to perform artificial soil reconstruction on an exposed rock wound, and does not need to perform any treatments on the wound. However, while there is no fine-grained substance filling in the detrital rock or gravel gaps with a depth of 20 cm, and before planting the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and the root nodule plants, preferably it further includes filling the detrital rock or gravel gaps of the stony slope to be restored with foreign soil immediately adjacent to the surrounding area.

In the present invention, the depth of the foreign soil filling is 3~5 cm, and the depth of the filled gap is 22 cm, as to collect water.

In the present invention, the filling amount of the foreign soil is 100~200 kg per hectare, more preferably 150 kg per hectare.

In the present invention, seeds of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants are preferably harvested and sown at the same time, and the spreading amount is preferably 500~800 g per hectare, as to guarantee the germination amount of the seeds; and the ratio of the spreading amounts of shrub seeds and tree seeds is not particularly limited in the present invention.

Technical schemes in the present invention are clearly and completely described below in combination with embodiments of the present invention.

Embodiment 1 In an area with the same bioclimatic condition around a construction site, a small amount of foreign soil is appropriately taken, and backfilled in gaps of detrital rocks, a space of not less than 2 cm is reserved so as to collect water, and 100-200 kg of the foreign soil is backfilled per hectare. In low-lying areas of catchments or valleys, this process may be dispensed with. Gap cutting of detrital rock (gravel): an annual cutting seedling is used, and middle and lower parts of a first-grade seedling and a second-grade seedling are suitable for seed strips; and the reserved part must be high in lignification degree, and plump and robust in bud, without pests and diseases.

Sowing: poplar seeds and willow seeds are spread in the gaps of the detrital rocks (gravel).

Community planting mode: (1) in a cold + semi-humid area, the planting ratio of Salix rehderiana, Hippophae rhamnoides Linn and Astragalus mongholicus is 5:3:2 appropriately; and the planting ratio of Salix rehderiana (Salix magnifica), Populus purdomii and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn is 5:2:3 appropriately. (2) In a cold + semi-arid area, the planting ratio of Salix rehderiana, Astragalus mongholicus and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn is 5:3:2 appropriately; the planting ratio of Salix himalayensis and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn is 6:4 appropriately; and LU501857 the planting ratio of Salix rehderiana and Oxytropis is 6:4 appropriately. (3) In a temperate + semi-arid area, the planting ratio of panicum virgatum, Astragalus mongholicus, and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn is 4:3:3 appropriately; and the planting ratio of Salix rehderiana (Salix himalayensis) and Oxytropis is 6:4 appropriately. (4)In a temperate + semi-humid area, the planting ratio of Populus szechuanica Schneid, Salix ernesti and Astragalus mongholicus is 3:4:3 appropriately; the planting ratio of panicum virgatum and Salix magnifica is 4.6 appropriately; and the planting ratio of Salix rehderiana, Populus purdomii and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn is 4:2:4 appropriately.

A restoration effect diagram is shown in Fig. 1. On a stony slope or an engineering wound, Embodiment 1 of the present invention is used to compare with the natural restoration, the vegetation coverage at a fully natural restoration site after 3 years is only less than 10%, and the maximum height of the plants is less than 10 cm; at a restoration site of this technology, the vegetation coverage may reach 70%, and the highest single plant may reach 50 cm; and after 5 years of the restoration using this technology, a stable vegetation community is formed, the vegetation coverage may reach 90%, to form a multi-layer structure of shrubs and grasses, and the vegetation self-regeneration is good.

Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention rather than all of the embodiments, and people may also obtain other embodiments according to this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all belong to a scope of protection of the present invention

Claims (10)

1. A restoration method for a stony slope, comprising the following steps: — planting endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and root nodule plants in gaps of the stony slope to be restored, the method of planting comprising cutting or seed dispersal, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprising trees and/or shrubs; — while the method of planting is the seed dispersal, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprise a poplar tree and/or a willow tree, and the root nodule plants comprise a legume root nodule plant and/or an actinomycete root nodule plant, the root nodule plants comprising one or more of Astragalus Mongholicus, Oxytropis and Hippophae rhamnoides Linn. and — while the method of planting is the cutting, the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants comprise one or more of Salix himalayensis, Salix ernesti, Panicum virgatum, Salix magnifica, Salix rehderiana, Populus purdomii and Populus szechuanica Schneid.

2. The restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and the root nodule plants are planted according to the following climate classification standards: — from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 10 ~ 15°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 600 mm, and less than or equal to 800 mm, which is a cold and semi-humid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the cold and semi-humid area comprise one or more of a first combination, a second combination and a third combination; the first combination comprises the Salix magnifica, the Populus purdomii and the Astragalus mongholicus; the second combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; and the third combination comprises the Salix ernesti, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; — from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 10 ~ 15°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 300 mm, and less than 600 mm, which is a cold and semi-arid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the cold and semi-arid area comprise one or more of a fourth combination, a fifth combination and a sixth combination; the fourth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; the fifth combination comprises the Salix himalayensis and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; and the sixth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis; — from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 15 ~ 25°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 400 mm, and less than 600 mm,

which is a temperate and semi-arid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted 501857 in the temperate and semi-arid area comprise one or more of a seventh combination, an eighth combination and a ninth combination; the seventh combination comprises the panicum virgatum, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn; the eighth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis; and the ninth combination comprises the Salix himalayensis and the Oxytropis; and — from June to September of the solar calendar, the average temperature is 15 ~ 25°C and the amount of precipitation is greater than or equal to 600 mm, and less than or equal to 1000 mm, which is a temperate and semi-humid area; the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants planted in the temperate and semi-humid area comprise one or more of a tenth combination, an eleventh combination and a twelfth combination; the tenth combination comprises the Populus szechuanica Schneid, the Salix ernesti and the Astragalus mongholicus; the eleventh combination comprises the panicum virgatum and the Salix magnifica; and the twelfth combination comprises the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn.

3. The restoration method according to claim 2, wherein — in the cold and semi-humid area, — the quantity ratio of the Salix magnifica, the Populus purdomii and the Astragalus mongholicus in the first combination is (50 ~ 60) : (1 5~ 20) : (20 ~ 30); — the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the second combination is (55 ~ 65) : (15 - 20) : (10 ~ 20); and — the quantity ratio of the Salix ernesti, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the third combination is (60 ~ 65) : (15 ~ 20) : (10 ~ 20); — in the cold and semi-arid area, — the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Astragalus mongholicus and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the fourth combination is (60 ~ 65) : (20 ~ 25) : (10 ~ 15); — the quantity ratio of the Salix himalayensis and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the fifth combination is (60 ~ 65) : (35 ~ 40); and — the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana and the O xytropis in the sixth combination is (60 ~ 65) : (35 ~ 40); — in the temperate and semi-arid area, — the quantity ratio of the Panicum virgatum and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the seventh combination is (55 - 60) : (40 ~ 45); — the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana and the Oxytropis in the eighth combination is (60 ~ 65) : (35 ~ 40); and

— the quantity ratio of the Salix himalayensis and the Oxytropis in the ninth combination | 01857 is (60 ~ 65) : (35 ~ 40); and — in the temperate and semi-humid area, — the quantity ratio of the Populus szechuanica Schneid, the Salix ernesti and the Astragalus mongholicus in the tenth combination is (15 ~ 20) : (55 ~ 60) : (20 ~ 30); — the quantity ratio of the panicum virgatum and the Salix magnifica in the eleventh combination is (40 ~ 45) : (55 - 60); and — the quantity ratio of the Salix rehderiana, the Populus purdomii and the Hippophae rhamnoides Linn in the twelfth combination is (50 ~ 60) : (20 ~ 25) : (15 ~ 25).

4. The restoration method according to claim 3, wherein the tree age of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plant is annual.

5. The restoration method according to claim 4, wherein middle and lower parts of a first - grade seedling and/or a second-grade seedling of the endogenous nitrogen - fixing plant are used as seed strips of the cutting.

6. The restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the void ratio of the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants is 25% ~ 30%.

7. The restoration method according to claim 1, wherein while there is no fine-grained substance filling in the detrital rock or gravel gaps with a depth of 20 cm, and before planting the endogenous nitrogen-fixing plants and the root nodule plants, it further comprises: filling the detrital rock or gravel gaps of the stony slope to be restored with foreign soil immediately adjacent to the surrounding area.

8. The restoration method according to claim 7, wherein the depth of the foreign soil filling is 3 ~ 5 cm, and the depth of the filled gap is = 2 cm.

9. The restoration method according to claim 8, wherein the filling amount of the foreign soil is 100 ~ 200 kg per hectare.

10. The restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the stony slope is located in a high- mountain valley area in the southwest or a stony mountain area in the north.