CN111684891A

CN111684891A - Ecological restoration method for stony desertification mountains

Info

Publication number: CN111684891A
Application number: CN202010574614.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱连奇; 时振钦; 朱文博
Original assignee: Henan University
Current assignee: Henan University
Priority date: 2020-06-22
Filing date: 2020-06-22
Publication date: 2020-09-22

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of stony desertification lands, and particularly discloses an ecological restoration method of stony desertification lands. According to the method, the soil structure is artificially constructed, and the plants are planted, so that the water and soil loss phenomenon of the stony desertification mountain land is reduced, the stony desertification mountain land is effectively repaired, and meanwhile, the income of farmers is increased.

Description

Ecological restoration method for stony desertification mountains

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration of stony desertification mountains, in particular to an ecological restoration method of stony desertification mountains.

Background

The method is characterized in that under tropical and subtropical humid and semi-humid climatic conditions and natural background of extreme development of karst, earth surface vegetation is damaged by artificial activities, so that soil is seriously lost, and a land degradation phenomenon that bedrock is exposed in a large area or gravel is accumulated is also an extreme form of land degradation in the karst region.

The karst landform distribution of China is wide, and the area is large. Carbonate rock exposed areas mainly distributed in western areas; in 20042005, the China national forestry agency organized the monitoring of karst area stony desertification land. In 81 counties centered on the cloud plateau, the territorial area only accounts for 27.1% of the monitored area, and the stony desertification area accounts for 53.4% of the total stony desertification area.

The most fundamental reason for the generation of stony desertification is water and soil loss, which causes the soil structure to be damaged, finally causes the vegetation structure to be simplified and the ecosystem to be simplified, and causes the biodiversity to be sharply reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an ecological restoration method for a stony desertification mountain land, which comprises the following steps:

s1, taking soil from a region with complete and fertile soil structure, manually adding a viscous matrix, mixing the soil with the viscous matrix, and paving the mixture on a rocky desertification land block to be restored to form a new-structure soil block;

s2, digging transverse flow-resisting grooves in the soil plots with the new structures in the S1 in sequence from high to low according to gradient, longitudinally arranging a depth marking rod in each flow-resisting groove, taking mixed soil obtained by mixing the soil and the viscous matrix in the S1, mixing the mixed soil with thoroughly decomposed farmyard manure, and applying the mixed soil to the flow-resisting grooves at positions 1/2-2/3 of the depth of each flow-resisting groove;

s3, planting trees or shrubs in the choked flow ditches, planting cash crops suitable for the local environment in the area between the adjacent choked flow ditches, and watering the roots after planting;

and S4, checking regularly, cleaning in time when the sandy soil is accumulated in the flow-resisting ditch to be more than 3/4 of the depth of the sandy soil, and collecting and managing the cash crops regularly.

Preferably, in S1, the viscous matrix manually added is clay.

Preferably, in S2, the choked flow grooves have a width of 0.5 to 1m and a depth of 1.3 to 1.5 m.

Preferably, in S3, the arbor is at least one of cedar, black-elastic tree and paper mulberry.

Preferably, in S3, the shrub is at least one of mucuna spinosa, rubus alceaefolius and alangium chinense.

Preferably, the spacing between plants planted in the flow-resisting ditches is 2-3 m.

Preferably, in S3, zanthoxylum bungeanum or honeysuckle is planted in the region between the flow-resisting grooves.

Preferably, the planting density of the area between the choked flow ditches is 100-150 plants/mu.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the invention, a planting environment is provided by transferring the soil with a complete and fertile structure on the stony desertification mountain land, and a new soil structure is formed by manually adding the viscous matrix, so that the transferred soil is better combined with local soil, the separation degree is reduced, and the water, fertilizer and gas are better preserved.

2. According to the invention, the flow-resisting ditch is dug, and arbor or shrub is planted in the flow-resisting ditch, so that the adhesion of the plants to the stony desertification mountain land is promoted, the soil cohesion is enhanced through the root system of the plants, and the water and soil loss is reduced.

3. The economic crops planted in the stony desertification mountainous regions not only improve the preparation coverage rate, but also are beneficial to local farmers to increase income, and the phenomenon that the income of farmers is continuously reduced for a long time due to the stony desertification mountainous regions is improved.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Example 1:

an ecological restoration method for stony desertification mountains comprises the following steps:

s1, taking soil from a region with complete and fertile soil structure, manually adding clay 62.6 kg/mu, mixing the soil with the clay, paving the mixture on a rocky desertification mountain land plot of southern summering county of Henan province to be restored, and covering the soil plot with the thickness of 100-110mm to form a soil plot with a new structure;

s2, digging transverse flow-resisting grooves in turn from high to low according to gradient on the soil plots with the new structure in S1, wherein the width of each flow-resisting groove is 0.5m, the depth of each flow-resisting groove is 1.3m, a depth marker post with scales is longitudinally arranged in each flow-resisting groove, and mixed soil obtained by mixing the soil and the viscous matrix in S1 is mixed with decomposed farmyard manure and then applied to the flow-resisting grooves and then applied to the positions 1/2 of the depths of the flow-resisting grooves;

s3, planting cedar and costus vine in flow-resisting ditches, wherein the planting distance of plants in the flow-resisting ditches is 2m, Chinese prickly ash which is suitable for the local environment and has certain economic benefit is planted in the area between the adjacent flow-resisting ditches, the variety of the Chinese prickly ash is Dahongpao, root water is poured according to the conventional operation after planting, and the planting density of the Chinese prickly ash is 100 plants/mu;

s4, checking regularly, cleaning in time when the sandy soil is accumulated in the flow resisting ditch to be more than 3/4 of the depth of the sandy soil, and collecting and managing the cash crops regularly;

and continuously planting and harvesting the economic crops on the soil plots with the new structures.

Example 2:

the specific implementation steps of the ecological restoration method for the stony desertification mountain land are basically the same as those of the embodiment 1, and the difference is that:

in S1, adding 50kg of clay per mu of land manually;

in S2, the width and the depth of each flow resisting groove are 0.8m and 1m, soil of the soil plot with the new structure in S1 is mixed with decomposed farmyard manure and then applied to the flow resisting grooves at 2/3 of the depth of each flow resisting groove;

s3, planting black bombax trees and rubus alceaefolius in the flow-resisting ditches, and planting honeysuckle in the area between the flow-resisting ditches, wherein the planting density of the honeysuckle is 100 plants/mu;

example 3:

the specific implementation steps of the ecological restoration method for the stony desertification mountain land are basically the same as those of the embodiment 2, and the difference is that:

in S1, adding 80kg of clay per mu of land manually;

in S2, the width of each flow blocking groove is 1m, and the depth of each flow blocking groove is 1.5 m;

s3, planting broussonetia papyrifera and Chinese alangium in the flow-resisting ditch;

the above shows that the method of the present invention provided in examples 1-3 is used for ecological restoration of stony desertification land, which is unstable at the early stage, and thus the survival rate and coverage rate of the plants in examples 1-3 at the 2 nd to 4 th years (see table 1), the yield of commercial crops and the income of local farmers (see table 2) are recorded.

TABLE 1 plant survival and coverage

As can be seen from table 1, the technical solutions of embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention all have a good repairing effect on stony desertification mountainous regions, the survival rate of plants planted in the flow-resisting ditches tends to be stable after the third year, the survival rate of plants in the flow-resisting ditches reaches more than 82%, due to continuous planting of cash crops, the survival rate of cash crops planted between the flow-resisting ditches is increased year by year, the highest survival rate of plants reaches 89.4%, and the final preparation coverage rate reaches more than 87%.

TABLE 2 impact of planting commercial crops on local farmer income

As can be seen from the table 2, the technical scheme of the invention not only improves the vegetation coverage, but also improves the income of local farmers, and the income of farmers reaches 19380 yuan per mu in the fourth year as the income increases, thereby greatly improving the life of local farmers.

In conclusion, the ecological restoration method for the stony desertification mountain land provided by the invention effectively restores the stony desertification mountain land, the vegetation coverage rate in the fourth year is 90.27% on average, the economic income of local farmers is also improved, and the average income per mu of the farmers reaches 16285.3 yuan in the fourth year.

While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The ecological restoration method for the stony desertification mountain land is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The ecological restoration method for stony desertification mountain land according to claim 1, wherein in S1, the artificially added viscous matrix is clay, and the addition amount of the clay is 50-80 kg/mu.

3. The ecological restoration method for stony desertification land regions according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the width of the flow-resisting grooves is 0.5-1m and the depth is 1.3-1.5 m.

4. The ecological restoration method for stony desertification land according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the arbor is at least one of cypress, black-elastic tree and paper mulberry.

5. The ecological restoration method for stony desertification land according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the shrub is at least one of Japanese Styrax, Rubus alceaefolius and Alangium platanifolium.

6. The ecological restoration method for stony desertification mountain land according to claim 1, wherein the spacing between plants planted in the flow-resisting ditches is 2-3 m.

7. The ecological restoration method for stony desertification mountain land according to claim 1, wherein in S3, pricklyash peel or honeysuckle flower is planted in the area between the flow-resisting ditches.

8. The ecological restoration method for stony desertification mountain land according to claim 7, wherein the planting density of the area between the flow-resisting ditches is 100-150 plants/mu.