KR20210131550A - Artificial soil and manufacturing method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are artificial soil comprising a mixture in which gelatin, granite powder, and coffee powder are mixed in 1 : 4 to 7 : 2 to 6 (volume ratio), and a method for manufacturing the same. According to the present invention, contamination of soil and water can be minimized.

Description

Artificial soil and manufacturing method thereof

The present invention relates to artificial soil and a method for producing the same.

In general, as the requirements of good soil for plant support and smooth supply of nutrients and moisture, water permeability, water retention, and fertility are adequately provided. In order to make good soil equipped with such characteristics, various materials are mixed and used.

For example, perlite, lightweight aggregate, and ceramic materials are used as materials for increasing the water retention and water permeability of the soil, and zeolite and the like are used to increase the retention capacity of the soil.

However, since the ceramic material among the above materials is expensive, the soil made using the ceramic material has a disadvantage that it cannot have price competitiveness. In addition, perlite causes dust to be generated and harms the respiratory system of the human body. As a simple mineral formed by foaming rocks at high heat, it has excellent moisturizing power due to its large number of pores, but it has weak retention power due to its low cation substitution capacity, which is necessary for plant growth. There is a downside to lack of nutrients.

In addition, soil using diatomaceous earth (single-celled diatom sedimentary rocks, sediments), zeolite (silicate mineral) and bentonite (lamellar silicate mineral) consists only of minerals, which increases the weight of the product, making it difficult to handle and expensive. In addition, bentonite has a disadvantage in that it can impair soil physical properties such as breathability and water permeability due to swelling property, which is an inherent physical property of the mineral.

Therefore, in recent years, it is urgently required to develop artificial soil made of materials that can provide a good environment for plant growth by having high water permeability, water retention and retention capacity while being inexpensive in terms of cost.

The present invention provides an artificial soil that has excellent water holding capacity and water retention capacity, can continuously supply nutrients necessary for plants, has drainage and breathability suitable for plant growth, and can minimize soil or water pollution, and a method for manufacturing the same aim to

On the other hand, the technical problems to be achieved in the present invention are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned are clearly to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the description below. can be understood

The artificial soil according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a mixture of gelatin, granite powder, and coffee powder in a ratio of 1: 4 to 7: 2 to 6 (volume ratio).

In addition, in the mixture, the gelatin, the granite powder, and the coffee powder may be mixed in a ratio of 1: 4: 6 (volume ratio).

On the other hand, the manufacturing method of artificial soil according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of (A) mixing granite powder, gelatin, coffee powder and water to produce a mixture; and (B) calcining the mixture at a temperature ranging from 220°C to 250°C; Including, the mixture that has gone through the step (A) may be mixed with gelatin, granite powder and coffee powder in a ratio of 1: 4 to 7: 2 to 6 (volume ratio).

In addition, in the mixture that has undergone step (A), gelatin, granite powder, and coffee powder may be mixed in a ratio of 1: 4 to 7: 2 to 6 (volume ratio).

In addition, in step (A), the diameter of the granite powder may be 0.01mm to 1mm.

In addition, in the step (A), the diameter of the coffee powder may be 0.1mm to 2mm.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, it is excellent in water holding capacity and water retention capacity, it is possible to continuously supply nutrients necessary for plants, has drainage and breathability suitable for plant growth, and it is possible to minimize contamination of soil or water quality.

On the other hand, the effects obtainable in the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs from the following description. will be able

1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing artificial soil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the present invention may be modified in various forms, and the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the following embodiments. This embodiment is provided to more completely explain the present invention to those of ordinary skill in the art. Accordingly, the shapes of elements in the drawings are exaggerated to emphasize a clearer description.

The configuration of the invention for clarifying the solution to the problem to be solved by the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings based on a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the same in assigning reference numbers to the components of the drawings For the components, even if they are on different drawings, the same reference numbers are given, and it is to be noted in advance that the components of other drawings can be cited when necessary in the description of the drawings.

1 is a flowchart illustrating a method of manufacturing artificial soil according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1 , the method for manufacturing artificial soil according to an embodiment of the present invention may include a mixture generation step ( S10 ) and a firing step ( S20 ).

On the other hand, in the method for producing artificial soil according to an embodiment of the present invention, by mixing gelatin, granite powder, and coffee powder in a set volume ratio (V%), it has excellent water holding capacity and holding capacity, and nutrients necessary for plants can be continuously supplied. It is possible to manufacture artificial soil that has drainage and breathability suitable for plant growth, and is capable of minimizing soil or water pollution.

In the mixture generating step (S10), granite powder, gelatin, coffee powder and water are mixed to form a mixture.

On the other hand, granite is a porous mineral, and refers to a coarse-grained rock containing quartz and feldspar as main components, and includes trace amounts of apatite, titanite, galenite, magnetite, and the like. Granite can be classified according to the content ratio of feldspar.

Here, as the main component of granite, SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ is 80% or more, and contains a small amount of essential mineral components such as Ca, Mg, Na, K, Fe, Ti, Zn, Mn, Se, Ge, etc. may contain trace amounts of various elements of

On the other hand, granite is so scattered that it comes from various regions in Korea, so there is no difficulty in procuring raw materials. In addition, as it is a mineral that is structurally formed by combining various minerals, it tends to absorb moisture well, and the physicochemical weathering speed proceeds quickly.

On the other hand, the granite powder to be mixed in the mixture preferably has a diameter of 0.01 mm to 1 mm.

Here, when the diameter of the granite powder is less than 0.01 mm, there may be a problem in that the clay content is high and air permeability and water permeability are poor, and when the diameter of the granite powder is more than 1 mm, there may be a problem in that the product specific gravity increases and the weight increases have.

Gelatin is a protein containing 18 to 19 amino acids excluding essential amino acids, and has a melting point of 35 degrees Celsius (temperature unit "degrees C" is defined as "℃"). may be present in the form of a gel).

In an embodiment of the present invention, a primary mixture (solid molded body) in which granite powder is bonded may be formed by replacing gelatin, which is a protein, with a binder instead of a chemical binder.

As gelatin is hydrolyzed by itself over time, the binding force may be weakened, and when used as a binder, the solidified product is gradually powdered. have. In addition, the amino acid chain of gelatin can be hydrolyzed and absorbed by the plant, and each amino acid plays a role in preventing aging of leaves, recovering water washing, recovering from various disorders, and promoting hypertrophy, flowering, and deletion in the plant. .

On the other hand, in the embodiment of the present invention, gelatin can control the rate at which the solid solid material is powdered according to the concentration added to the mixture. For example, when 3% of gelatin is added, amino acids are gradually eluted and powdered over about 1 month, and when 8% of gelatin is added, amino acids are gradually eluted and powdered over about 3 months.

That is, since the amino acid requirement is different depending on the plant and the cultivation period is different, in an embodiment of the present invention, by adjusting the addition ratio of gelatin, artificial soil including fertilizer that is powdered at a rate set for each crop can be prepared.

That is, in an embodiment of the present invention, gelatin may initially serve as a binder to increase the strength of the artificial soil, and then serve as a natural fertilizer that promotes plant growth in the artificial soil.

On the other hand, the coffee powder may include caffeine, tannins, fatty acids such as palmitic acid and stearic acid as saturated fatty acids, oleic acid as unsaturated fatty acids, linoleic acid as essential fatty acids, organic acids and carbohydrates as main components.

In particular, coffee powder contains organic acids such as Chlorogenic acid, Citric acid, Malic acid, Acetic acid, Lactic acid, Phosphoric acid, and Quinic acid. These organic acids are antioxidants that directly help plant growth and are insect repellents. It can also play a role as

In addition, as the coffee powder has a porous form, it can greatly help plant root growth by increasing water retention, cation substitution capacity, breathability, and the like. Through this, it is possible to maximize the normal growth of the plant, as well as the amount of growth or the yield.

On the other hand, the coffee powder to be mixed into the mixture preferably has a diameter of 0.01 mm to 2 mm.

Here, if the diameter of the coffee powder is less than 0.01 mm, water permeability and breathability may be lowered, so there may be a problem of meaningless addition of coffee powder, and if the diameter of the coffee powder is more than 2 mm, solids after calcination due to weakening of binding force There may be problems with cracking.

In the firing step (S20), the mixture (molded product) is first dried at 50°C to 100°C and then calcined in the range of 220°C to 250°C.

The molding is fired while pores are formed in the part by the porous coffee powder contained therein during the firing process. At this time, carbohydrates, proteins, etc. are removed except for the carbon body contained in the coffee powder, and porous amorphous carbon is naturally formed.

Accordingly, the coffee powder is imparted to artificial soil with excellent chemical properties such as high air permeability, drainage, and water retention, as well as physical properties such as increased surface area due to the generation of internal pores and high cation substitution ability.

Here, if the firing temperature of the molding is less than 220°C, the molding is not fired well, and when the firing temperature of the molding exceeds 250°C, the bonding crystal structure of the moldings is destroyed. can lose

Hereinafter, characteristics of the artificial soil prepared by the method for manufacturing artificial soil as described above will be described.

The artificial soil prepared by the present invention has fine and uniform pores and has excellent properties such as air permeability, drainage, water retention and retention capacity, so it can be used as artificial soil and has various uses such as seedling top soil, bulbous top soil, annual plant top soil, etc. can be used as

<Comparative example>

Farm practice cultivation treatment zone according to lettuce standard cultivation method.

(1) Official: 2019. 10. 4

(2) Planting distance: 20cm × 15cm

(3) Fertilization method ( NPK fertilization amount (kg/10a): After planting lettuce, 5-5-4 fertilization, 5-0-4 fertilization.

(4) Number 　 Expansion: During the growth period, it was carried out three times on November 4, November 18, and 25, 2019, and the average value was calculated.

<Example 1>

In the artificial soil prepared by the above-described artificial soil preparation method, gelatin, granite powder, and coffee powder were mixed in a ratio of 1: 4: 6 (volume ratio), and harvested in the same period as in Comparative Example.

<Example 2>

In the artificial soil prepared by the above-described artificial soil preparation method, gelatin, granite powder, and coffee powder were mixed in a ratio of 1: 5: 4 (volume ratio), and harvested in the same period as in Comparative Example.

<Example 3>

In the artificial soil prepared by the above-described artificial soil preparation method, gelatin, granite powder, and coffee powder were mixed in a ratio of 1: 6: 3 (volume ratio), and harvested in the same period as in Comparative Example.

<Example 4>

In the artificial soil prepared by the above-described artificial soil preparation method, gelatin, granite powder, and coffee powder were mixed at a ratio of 1: 7: 2 (volume ratio), and harvested in the same period as in Comparative Example.

Hereinafter, [Table 1] shows the characteristics of lettuce produced in the artificial soil of Comparative Examples and Examples 1 to 4.

Here, except for artificial soil treatment, the rest of the growth conditions were the same, and red skirt lettuce (heungnong seedlings), which had been grown for 8 weeks, was collected just before shipment and the growth characteristics were analyzed.

postcard leaf width Chlorophyll index cm Indices cm Indices g/100cm ² Indices comparative example 16.9 100 16.3 100 2.21 100 Example 1 23.4 138 18.6 114 2.73 124 Example 2 22.1 131 17.9 110 2.50 113 Example 3 18.4 109 17.3 106 2.34 106 Example 4 17.9 106 17.1 104 2.31 105

Referring to [Table 1], it can be seen that the growth characteristics of the lettuce grown in the artificial soil according to Examples 1 to 4 are improved.

In particular, it can be seen that the lettuce grown in the artificial soil according to Example 1 improved by 1.38 times, the leaf width was improved by 1.14 times, and the Chlorophyll index was improved by 1.24 times, compared to the lettuce grown in the conventional plot of Comparative Example.

In other words, the reason that all growth characteristics were higher in the artificial soil-treated plot compared to the conventional untreated plot is due to the retaining power, air permeability, and permeability of the artificial soil. It can be said that it is a way to solve the problem of the facility cultivation area.

Such continuous cultivation is caused by salt accumulation due to deterioration of soil physical properties, and thus it can be seen that good results were obtained by improving soil physical properties due to relatively high air permeability and water permeability in Example 1, where coffee powder had the highest content.

In addition, [Table 2] shows the characteristics of strawberries produced in the artificial soil of Comparative Examples and Examples 1 to 4.

Here, the remaining growth conditions other than soil were the same, and after planting, 16 weeks after planting, strawberries (Seolhyang) were collected and growth characteristics were analyzed.

fruit tree weight volume sugar content dog/give up Indices g/piece Indices ml/piece Indices Brix % Indices comparative example 28 100 38 100 28 100 10 100 Example 1 32 116 42 110 33 118 11 111 Example 2 30 107 41 108 31 111 11 111 Example 3 29 104 40 105 30 107 11 111 Example 4 29 104 40 105 29 104 11 111

Referring to [Table 2], it can be confirmed that the growth characteristics of strawberries grown in artificial soil according to Examples 1 to 4 are improved.

In particular, in the strawberry grown on the artificial soil according to Example 1, the number of fruits produced increased by 1.16 times, the weight of each fruit improved by 1.1 times, and the volume of each fruit was improved by 1.18 times, compared to the strawberry grown on the artificial soil of the comparative example. , it can be seen that the sugar content (Brix%) is improved by 1.11 times.

In other words, the reason that all growth characteristics were higher in the artificial soil-treated plot compared to the conventional untreated plot is due to the retaining power, air permeability, and permeability of the artificial soil. It can be said that it is a way to solve the problem of the facility cultivation area.

Such continuous cultivation is caused by salt accumulation due to deterioration of soil physical properties, and thus it can be seen that good results were obtained by improving soil physical properties due to relatively high air permeability and water permeability in Example 1, where coffee powder had the highest content.

The above detailed description is illustrative of the present invention. In addition, the above description shows and describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments. That is, changes or modifications are possible within the scope of the concept of the invention disclosed herein, the scope equivalent to the written disclosure, and/or within the scope of skill or knowledge in the art. The written embodiment describes the best state for implementing the technical idea of the present invention, and various changes required in the specific application field and use of the present invention are possible. Accordingly, the detailed description of the present invention is not intended to limit the present invention to the disclosed embodiments. Also, the appended claims should be construed to include other embodiments.

Claims (6)

An artificial soil comprising a mixture of gelatin, granite powder and coffee powder in a ratio of 1: 4 to 7: 2 to 6 (volume ratio).
The method of claim 1,
The mixture is artificial soil in which the gelatin, the granite powder and the coffee powder are mixed in a ratio of 1: 4: 6 (volume ratio).
(A) mixing granite powder, gelatin, coffee powder and water to form a mixture; and
(B) calcining the mixture at a temperature ranging from 220 degrees to 250 degrees;
The mixture passed through the step (A) is gelatin, granite powder and coffee powder 1: 4 to 7: 2 to 6 (volume ratio) of the mixture of artificial soil manufacturing method.
4. The method of claim 3,
The mixture passed through the step (A) is gelatin, granite powder and coffee powder 1: 4 to 7: 2 to 6 (volume ratio) of the mixture of artificial soil manufacturing method.
4. The method of claim 3,
In the step (A), the diameter of the granite powder is 0.01 mm to 1 mm of the manufacturing method of artificial soil.
6. The method of claim 5,
In the step (A), the diameter of the coffee powder is 0.1 mm to 2 mm of the manufacturing method of artificial soil.

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