KR102495929B1 - Carbon sequestration engineering soil using biochar - Google Patents
Carbon sequestration engineering soil using biochar Download PDFInfo
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- KR102495929B1 KR102495929B1 KR1020220139889A KR20220139889A KR102495929B1 KR 102495929 B1 KR102495929 B1 KR 102495929B1 KR 1020220139889 A KR1020220139889 A KR 1020220139889A KR 20220139889 A KR20220139889 A KR 20220139889A KR 102495929 B1 KR102495929 B1 KR 102495929B1
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000009919 sequestration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical compound C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fulvic acid Natural products O1C2=CC(O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1CC(C)(O)OC2 FCYKAQOGGFGCMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002509 fulvic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940095100 fulvic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 244000144927 Aloe barbadensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002961 Aloe barbadensis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003180 prostaglandins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasodium;silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000206761 Bacillariophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- MKRNVBXERAPZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Starch acetate Chemical compound O1C(CO)C(OC)C(O)C(O)C1OCC1C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O2)OC(C)=O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(C)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 MKRNVBXERAPZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000008952 bacterial invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052626 biotite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001054 cortical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002906 microbiologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000021962 pH elevation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000000000 soil microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031068 symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 바이오차를 이용한 탄소격리형 인공토양에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 잠재적 탄소 격리 효과를 가질 뿐만 아니라, 바이오매스 활용을 통해 폐자원의 이용을 극대화하고, 천연 재료 활용을 통한 건전한 생태계 육성 및 생물다양성을 증진시키며, 녹지 제공 및 빗물 침투 등의 다양한 혜택을 제공하는 다기능성을 가지면서 무엇보다도 지중 탄소 격리 효과를 증대시킬 수 있도록 개선된 바이오차를 이용한 탄소격리형 인공토양에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a carbon sequestration type artificial soil using biochar, and more specifically, not only has a potential carbon sequestration effect, but also maximizes the use of waste resources through the use of biomass and fosters a healthy ecosystem through the use of natural materials And it relates to a carbon sequestration type artificial soil using improved biochar to increase biodiversity, multifunctionality that provides various benefits such as providing green space and rainwater penetration, and above all, increasing the underground carbon sequestration effect.
일반적으로 식물의 지탱과 원활한 양분·수분의 공급을 위한 좋은 토양의 요건으로는 투수성(透水性), 보수성(保水性), 보비력(保肥力; 땅이 비료를 오래 지니는 힘)을 적절하게 구비해야 하며, 이와 같은 특성이 구비된 좋은 토양을 만들기 위해서 다양한 재료가 혼합 사용되고 있다.In general, the requirements of good soil for plant support and smooth supply of nutrients and water are appropriately equipped with water permeability, water retention, and fertility (the ability of the land to hold fertilizer for a long time). In order to make a good soil equipped with these characteristics, various materials are mixed and used.
예를 들어, 토양의 보수성과 투수성을 높이기 위한 재료로는 펄라이트, 경량골재, 세라믹 소재가 사용되고 있으며, 토양의 보비력을 높이기 위해서는 제오라이트 등이 사용되고 있다.For example, pearlite, lightweight aggregate, and ceramic materials are used as materials to increase water retention and water permeability of soil, and zeolite and the like are used to increase soil retention.
그런데, 상기와 같은 재료 중 세라믹 소재는 고가이므로, 세라믹 재료를 사용하여 만든 토양은 가격 경쟁력을 가질 수 없는 단점이 있다. However, since ceramic materials are expensive among the above materials, soil made using ceramic materials has a disadvantage in that they cannot have price competitiveness.
또한, 펄라이트는 먼지의 발생을 유발시켜 인체의 호흡기 계통에 해를 입히며, 암석을 높은 열에서 발포시킨 단순한 광물로서 기공이 많아 우수한 보습력을 가지나 양이온 치환용량이 낮아 약한 보비력을 가지므로 식물 성장에 필요한 양분을 부족하게 하는 단점이 있다.In addition, perlite causes dust to cause harm to the respiratory system of the human body. It is a simple mineral made by foaming rocks under high heat. There is a downside to lack of nutrients.
또한, 규조토(단세포 규조류의 퇴적암, 퇴적물), 제올라이트(규산염광물) 및 벤토나이트(층상규산염광물)를 이용한 토양은 광물질로만 이루어져 있어 제품의 무게가 증가되어 취급에 어려움이 있으며 가격 또한 고가이다.In addition, the soil using diatomaceous earth (sedimentary rock and sediment of unicellular diatoms), zeolite (silicate mineral), and bentonite (layered silicate mineral) is composed of only minerals, which increases the weight of the product, making it difficult to handle and expensive.
또한, 벤토나이트의 경우 광물이 갖고 있는 고유의 물리적 성질인 팽윤성으로 인해 통기성 및 투수성 등의 토양 물리성을 저해할 수 있는 단점이 있다.In addition, in the case of bentonite, there is a disadvantage in that soil physical properties such as air permeability and water permeability may be hindered due to swelling, which is an inherent physical property of minerals.
이를 개선하기 위해 하기한 [선행기술문헌]을 포함한 다수의 인공토양 혹은 토양개량제들이 개시된 바 있다.In order to improve this, a number of artificial soils or soil improvers including the following [Prior Art Document] have been disclosed.
그럼에도 불구하고, 개시된 선행기술들은 탄소를 흡수 격리할 수 있는 능력이 부족하기 때문에 식물 바이오매스 생장을 촉진시키는데 한계가 있어 대기중 탄소농도의 증가를 억제하거나 혹은 유출수에 의한 홍수 등의 예방에 기여할 수 없다는 한계를 가지고 있다.Nevertheless, the disclosed prior art has limitations in promoting plant biomass growth because it lacks the ability to absorb and sequester carbon, which can contribute to suppressing the increase in atmospheric carbon concentration or preventing floods caused by runoff. has no limitations.
본 발명은 상술한 바와 같은 종래 기술상의 제반 문제점들을 감안하여 이를 해결하고자 창출된 것으로, 잠재적 탄소 격리 효과를 가질 뿐만 아니라, 바이오매스 활용을 통해 폐자원의 이용을 극대화하고, 천연 재료 활용을 통한 건전한 생태계 육성 및 생물다양성을 증진시키며, 녹지 제공 및 빗물 침투 등의 다양한 혜택을 제공하는 다기능성을 가지면서 무엇보다도 지중 탄소 격리 효과를 증대시킬 수 있도록 개선된 바이오차를 이용한 탄소격리형 인공토양을 제공함에 그 주된 목적이 있다.The present invention was created to solve these problems in view of the various problems in the prior art as described above, and not only has a potential carbon sequestration effect, but also maximizes the use of waste resources through the use of biomass, and provides sound energy through the use of natural materials. It provides carbon sequestration type artificial soil using improved biochar to increase the underground carbon sequestration effect, while having multifunctionality that provides various benefits such as fostering ecosystems and enhancing biodiversity, providing green spaces and infiltrating rainwater. has its main purpose.
본 발명은 상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 수단으로, 바이오차 20중량%, 유기물 25중량%, 피트모스 20중량%, 무기물 25중량% 및 나머지 미생물 혼합재로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 바이오차를 이용한 탄소격리형 인공토양을 제공한다.The present invention is a means for achieving the above object, a carbon sequestration type using biochar, characterized in that it consists of 20% by weight of biochar, 25% by weight of organic matter, 20% by weight of peat moss, 25% by weight of inorganic matter and the rest of the microbial mixture. Provide artificial soil.
본 발명에 따르면, 잠재적 탄소 격리 효과를 가질 뿐만 아니라, 바이오매스 활용을 통해 폐자원의 이용을 극대화하고, 천연 재료 활용을 통한 건전한 생태계 육성 및 생물다양성을 증진시키며, 녹지 제공 및 빗물 침투 등의 다양한 혜택을 제공하는 다기능성을 가지면서 무엇보다도 지중 탄소 격리 효과를 증대시킬 수 있도록 개선된 효과를 얻을 수 있다.According to the present invention, it not only has a potential carbon sequestration effect, but also maximizes the use of waste resources through the use of biomass, fosters a healthy ecosystem and promotes biodiversity through the use of natural materials, and provides various green spaces and rainwater infiltration. Among other things, improved effects can be obtained to increase geologic carbon sequestration while having multifunctionality that provides benefits.
이하에서는, 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 실시예를 보다 상세하게 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in more detail.
본 발명 설명에 앞서, 이하의 특정한 구조 내지 기능적 설명들은 단지 본 발명의 개념에 따른 실시예를 설명하기 위한 목적으로 예시된 것으로, 본 발명의 개념에 따른 실시예들은 다양한 형태로 실시될 수 있으며, 본 명세서에 설명된 실시예들에 한정되는 것으로 해석되어서는 아니된다.Prior to the description of the present invention, the following specific structural or functional descriptions are only exemplified for the purpose of explaining embodiments according to the concept of the present invention, and embodiments according to the concept of the present invention may be implemented in various forms, It should not be construed as limited to the embodiments described herein.
본 발명은 탄소 격리 효과를 높이기 위해 탄소 격리 능력이 검증된 소재들을 배합하여 탄소 격리 효과를 증대시키도록 구성된다.The present invention is configured to increase the carbon sequestration effect by combining materials whose carbon sequestration ability has been verified in order to increase the carbon sequestration effect.
이러한 탄소 격리 효과를 높일 수 있는 대표적인 물질로 바이오차(Biochar)를 들 수 있는 바, 본 발명은 이와 같은 바이오차를 포함함으로써 탄소 격리 효과를 증대시킬 수 있는 인공토양을 구성한 것이 특징이다.Biochar is a representative material that can increase the carbon sequestration effect, and the present invention is characterized by constructing artificial soil capable of increasing the carbon sequestration effect by including such biochar.
특히, 본 발명에서는 이와 같은 바이오차 외에 토양내 탄소 포집을 촉진할 수 있는 미생물과 균류를 함께 사용하여 인공토양을 구성한 것이 주요한 특징이 된다.In particular, the main feature of the present invention is that artificial soil is constructed by using together microorganisms and fungi that can promote carbon capture in soil in addition to such biochar.
보다 구체적으로, 본 발명에 따른 바이오차를 이용한 탄소격리형 인공토양은 바이오차 20중량%, 유기물 25중량%, 피트모스 20중량%, 무기물 25중량% 및 나머지 미생물 혼합재로 이루어진다.More specifically, the carbon sequestration type artificial soil using biochar according to the present invention is composed of 20% by weight of biochar, 25% by weight of organic matter, 20% by weight of peat moss, 25% by weight of inorganic matter and the rest of the microbial mixture.
이때, 바이오차는 식물 잔사 등 바이오매스를 산소가 없는 조건에서 열분해하여 제조한 고형물로서 탄소함량이 높다.At this time, biochar is a solid material produced by pyrolysis of biomass such as plant residues in the absence of oxygen, and has a high carbon content.
이 경우, 활용되는 바이오매스로는 왕겨, 콩대, 배 전정가지, 옥수수대 등이 될 수 있으며, 이러한 바이오차가 토양과 혼합되면서 토양의 일부를 구성하게 되면 탄소를 반영구적으로 저장해 토양 속에 탄소를 격리할 수 있어 토양내 공기순환 촉진, 식물 뿌리의 생장 촉진, 미생물의 거주지 역할을 수행하는 것으로 보고되어 있다.In this case, the biomass used can be rice hull, bean stalk, pruned eggplant, corn stalk, etc., and when such biochar is mixed with the soil and forms part of the soil, it can semi-permanently store carbon and sequester carbon in the soil. It has been reported that it promotes air circulation in the soil, promotes the growth of plant roots, and serves as a habitat for microorganisms.
이렇게 바이오차가 탄소를 격리 고정할 수 있는 이유는 바이오차에 포함된 탄소는 열분해를 거치면서 안정된 형태의 방향족 구조로 재배열되기 때문에 토양 미생물에 의해 쉽게 분해되지 않기 때문인 것으로 연구 보고된 바 있다.It has been reported that the reason why biochar can sequester and fix carbon is that it is not easily decomposed by soil microorganisms because the carbon contained in biochar is rearranged into a stable aromatic structure through thermal decomposition.
이러한 바이오차의 탄소 격리 고정능력은 크게 보면 온실가스 감축에도 기여할 수 있고, 특히 토양 개량을 통한 작물수확량 증진에 기여하게 된다.Such carbon sequestration and fixation ability of biochar can contribute to greenhouse gas reduction in a big way, and in particular, it contributes to crop yield enhancement through soil improvement.
그리고, 상기 유기물은 코코피트, 버섯 폐배지, 건이끼가 혼합된 것으로, 코코피트 40중량%, 버섯 폐배지 30중량%, 건이끼 30중량%의 비율로 배합된 것으로 사용한다.In addition, the organic matter is a mixture of coco peat, mushroom waste medium, and dry moss, and is used as a mixture of 40% by weight of coco peat, 30% by weight of mushroom waste medium, and 30% by weight of dry moss.
여기에서, 코코피트는 코코넛 허스크(coconut husk) 부위에서 섬유질인 코코넛 파이버를 추출한 다음에 생기는 코코넛 부산물을 물리화학적 처리과정을 거쳐 생산된 재료로서, 보수력과 보비력이 높고 통기성이 좋으며 밀도가 낮고 양이온 치환능력이 높으며 분해에 저항성이 있다.Here, coco peat is a material produced through a physico-chemical treatment of coconut by-products obtained after extracting fibrous coconut fiber from the coconut husk. It has high substitution capacity and is resistant to degradation.
때문에, 토양의 물리적, 화학적 및 미생물학적 성질을 개선하는 효과가 비교적 장시간 지속되는 장점이 있으며, 흡수성이 크기 때문에 빗물에 의한 토양의 유실을 감소시키고 보수력에 의한 가뭄 피해를 감소시키는 효과가 있다.Therefore, the effect of improving the physical, chemical and microbiological properties of soil has the advantage of lasting for a relatively long time, and because of its high absorbency, it has the effect of reducing loss of soil due to rainwater and reducing drought damage due to water retention.
아울러, 버섯 폐배지는 코르크화에 따른 수분 조절기능을 강화시키고, 토양 박테리아의 증진 및 식물 뿌리 분비물 증가에 도움을 주기 위해 첨가된다. 특히, 버섯 폐배지는 암모니아태 질소, 질산태 질소, 유효 인산, 칼슘, 칼륨 등의 유무기 양분이 풍부하여 고흡수성 폴리머와 결합시 수분 보유력이 급증하는 장점이 있다.In addition, mushroom waste medium is added to enhance the water control function according to corkization, promote soil bacteria and increase plant root secretions. In particular, the mushroom waste medium is rich in organic and inorganic nutrients such as ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, effective phosphoric acid, calcium, and potassium, and thus has the advantage of rapidly increasing water retention when combined with a superabsorbent polymer.
또한, 건이끼는 수분을 조절하고 인공토양에 염기가 있는 경우 이를 고정하며, 토양의 EC(전기전도도) 조절을 위해 첨가된다.In addition, dry moss is added to control moisture, fix the artificial soil if there is a base, and control the EC (electrical conductivity) of the soil.
이때, EC의 수치로 알 수 있는 것은 주로 질소의 양이며, EC 수치는 질산태질소의 양과 관계가 깊다. 즉, 토양이 비옥할 수록 EC 수치가 높으며, 보통 채소가 잘 재배되는 EC의 수치는 대략 0.5~1.0정도이고, 0.5 이하는 비료부족, 2.0이 넘으면 비료의 농도가 진해 뿌리화상이 발생할 우려가 있는 것으로 알려져 있다.At this time, what can be known by the value of EC is mainly the amount of nitrogen, and the value of EC is closely related to the amount of nitrate nitrogen. In other words, the more fertile the soil, the higher the EC value. Usually, the EC value at which vegetables are cultivated is approximately 0.5 to 1.0, below 0.5 is insufficient fertilizer, and if it exceeds 2.0, the concentration of fertilizer is high and there is a risk of root burns. It is known.
덧붙여, 상기 유기물에는 유기물 100중량부에 대해, 풀빅산(Fulvic acid) 10중량부, 질석(Vermiculite) 10중량부, 시트릭산(citric acid) 15중량부, 초산전분(Acetylated Starch) 10중량부를 더 첨가할 수 있다.In addition, the organic material includes 10 parts by weight of fulvic acid, 10 parts by weight of vermiculite, 15 parts by weight of citric acid, and 10 parts by weight of acetate starch based on 100 parts by weight of the organic material. can be added.
여기에서, 풀빅산은 토양에 사용시 방사능을 중화하고, 살충제를 중화하며, 제초제를 해독하는 등 토양내 독성물질을 분해 제거하는 제거능이 매우 우수한 것으로 알려져 있다.Here, fulvic acid is known to have a very good removal ability to decompose and remove toxic substances in soil, such as neutralizing radioactivity, neutralizing pesticides, and detoxifying herbicides when used in soil.
또한, 질석(Vermiculite)은 토양의 입단화(粒團化)를 조장하여 통기성 및 보수성을 좋게 할 뿐만 아니라, 염기치환용량을 증가시켜 보비력을 향상시키기 위한 것이다.In addition, vermiculite (Vermiculite) promotes aggregation of soil to improve air permeability and water retention, as well as to increase base replacement capacity to improve retention.
그리고, 시트릭산은 지중 용존산소 증대를 유도하여 토양 개질 효능을 증대시킨다.In addition, citric acid induces an increase in dissolved oxygen in the ground to increase soil reforming efficacy.
아울러, 초산전분은 살균 및 토양의 지력을 증강시키기 위해 첨가된다.In addition, starch acetate is added to enhance sterilization and soil fertility.
한편, 상기 피트모스(Peatmoss)는 초탄 또는 이탄토라 하며, 한랭한 늪지대에서 이끼나 수초 등의 유체가 퇴적되어 분해(탄화)된 것을 말한다.On the other hand, the peat moss (Peatmoss) is called chotan or peat soil, and refers to decomposition (carbonization) of fluids such as moss or water plants deposited in cold swamps.
이러한 피트모스는 세포구조가 크기 때문에 물 흡수력이 좋아 토양의 함수율을 조절할 수 있는데, 보통 마른 피트모스 무게의 15-20배까지 흡수할 수 있는 능력이 있다고 보고되어 있고, pH가 3.5-4.5로 산성이기 때문에 알카리성인 바이오차와 혼합되면서 이를 중성화시키기 때문에 인공토양의 개질능력이 우수하다.Since peat moss has a large cell structure, it has good water absorption and can control the moisture content of the soil. It has been reported that it has the ability to absorb up to 15-20 times the weight of dry peat moss, and it has an acidic pH of 3.5-4.5. As it is mixed with alkaline biochar and neutralizes it, it has excellent capacity for reforming artificial soil.
아울러, 상기 무기물은 바텀애쉬, 마사, 질석, 하이드로겔, 블랙샌드가 혼합된 혼합물 형태로 첨가된다.In addition, the inorganic material is added in the form of a mixture of bottom ash, masa, vermiculite, hydrogel, and black sand.
이 경우, 무기물을 구성하는 성분간 혼합비율은 바텀애쉬 15중량%, 마사 20중량%, 질석 25중량%, 하이드로겔 25중량% 및 나머지 블랙샌드로 이루어진다.In this case, the mixing ratio between the ingredients constituting the inorganic material consists of 15% by weight of bottom ash, 20% by weight of masa, 25% by weight of vermiculite, 25% by weight of hydrogel, and the remaining black sand.
여기에서, 바텀애쉬는 고온 고압 소성과정에서 발생하는 화석발전 폐기물로서 토양의 공극확보를 통한 물빠짐 조절 기능이 탁월하고 토양 경량화를 위해 첨가된다.Here, the bottom ash is fossil power generation waste generated in the high-temperature and high-pressure firing process, and is excellent in controlling water loss through securing pores in the soil and is added to lighten the soil.
그리고, 마사는 마사토를 말하는 것으로 화강암이 풍화되어 생긴 모래 모양의 토양이다. 이러한 마사는 토양에 공기층을 형성하여 뿌리를 건강하게 내리도록 도와주고, 물을 거의 흡수하지 않아 배수성을 향상시킨다. 즉, 본 발명에서는 물을 흡수하는 다른 성분들이 있기 때문에 마사는 배수성을 유지하기 위한 수단으로 활용된다. 그리하여, 적절한 흡수성과 배수성이 조화를 이루도록 구성된다.Also, Masa refers to Masato and is a sandy soil formed by weathering of granite. This masa forms an air layer in the soil to help root health and improves drainage by absorbing little water. That is, in the present invention, masa is used as a means to maintain drainage because there are other components that absorb water. Thus, it is configured so that appropriate water absorption and drainage properties are harmonized.
또한, 질석은 흑운모가 풍화하여 수분을 함유한 광물로서 보온성과 통기성을 함께 갖춘 특징이 있어 미생물의 성장에 최적환경을 제공하는데, 본 발명에서는 미생물 혼합재의 성장을 유도하기 위해 사용된다. 이에 더하여, 수분 유지력이 있어 토양내 보습력 유지, 양분의 보관창고 역할도 하게 된다.In addition, vermiculite is a mineral containing moisture due to weathering of biotite, and is characterized by both heat retention and breathability, providing an optimal environment for the growth of microorganisms. In the present invention, it is used to induce the growth of a mixture of microorganisms. In addition to this, it has a water retention capacity, so it also serves as a storage warehouse for maintaining moisture in the soil and nutrients.
뿐만 아니라, 하이드로겔은 자체 중량의 수백에서 수천 배의 물을 빠르게 흡수함과 동시에 압력을 가해도 탈수하지 않는 강력한 보수력을 지닌 재료이다.In addition, hydrogel is a material with strong water holding capacity that quickly absorbs water hundreds to thousands of times its own weight and at the same time does not dehydrate even when pressure is applied.
본 발명에서는 질소고정균을 흡착한 유기질 하이드로겔로서 펄라이트 인공토양보다 평균 13% 이상의 식물생장성이 우수한 것으로 보고된 바 있어 토양수분함량을 장기적으로 지속되게 유지시키는 등 수분조절기능을 위해 첨가된다.In the present invention, it is an organic hydrogel adsorbed with nitrogen-fixing bacteria and has been reported to have an average of 13% or more higher plant growth than perlite artificial soil, so it is added for moisture control functions such as maintaining soil moisture content for a long time.
아울러, 미생물 혼합재는 수지상균근균(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi)이 접종된 지렁이 분변토를 사용하는데, 수지상균근균을 사용하는 이유는 토양내 탄소 포집(고정) 기능을 촉진하고 인과 질소 등의 무기양분 흡수를 증진시키기 위한 것이다.In addition, the microbial mixture uses earthworm feces inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. will be.
이때, 균근(mycorrhiza, 菌根)은 식물의 뿌리와 균류가 서로 탄수화물과 무기양분을 주고 받으며 살아가는 상리공생을 의미하며, 수지상균근균은 식물의 피층 세포에서 '나뭇가지'와 같은 형태의 수지상체(arbuscule)를 형성하기 때문에 수지상균근이라고 한다.At this time, mycorrhiza (mycorrhiza, 菌根) means a mutualistic symbiosis in which plant roots and fungi live by exchanging carbohydrates and inorganic nutrients with each other, and dendritic mycorrhizal fungi are dendrites in the form of 'twigs' in the cortical cells of plants ( arbuscule), so it is called dendritic mycorrhiza.
본 발명에서는 수지상균근균으로 글로메로균을 접종하여 사용하는데, 수지상균근균은 식물 뿌리에서 포자가 상리공생으로 퍼지는 것이므로 기주 식물없는 배지상에서 배양하는 것은 불가능한 것으로 알려져 있다.In the present invention, Glomero is inoculated and used as a dendritic mycorrhizal fungus, but it is known that it is impossible to culture the dendritic mycorrhizal fungus on a medium without a host plant because spores spread mutually symbiotically from plant roots.
따라서, 본 발명에서는 트랩 배양을 통해 증식된 포자(글로메로균)를 추출한 다음 이를 지렁이 분변토에 접종하여 미생물 혼합재로 인공토양을 제조한다.Therefore, in the present invention, spores (Glomerobacteria) proliferated through trap culture are extracted and then inoculated into earthworm manure soil to prepare artificial soil as a mixture of microorganisms.
이 경우, 지렁이 분변토 100g당 1500㎕를 접종함이 바람직하다.In this case, it is preferable to inoculate 1500 μl per 100 g of earthworm excreta.
여기에서, 지렁이 분변토는 지렁이들이 유기물을 먹고 분해한 것으로 다양한 종의 미생물들이 살고 있으며 이는 수지상균근균의 포자 활성화와 생장을 촉진하는 효과가 있어 자연적인 배지 역할을 하게 된다.Here, earthworm excrement soil is decomposed by earthworms eating organic matter, and various species of microorganisms live there, which has the effect of promoting spore activation and growth of Dendritic mycorrhizal fungi, serving as a natural medium.
특히, 수분과 비료를 보관하는 능력이 우수하여 토양의 물리적 상태를 좋게 하며, 질소, 인, 칼륨 등 다양한 종류의 미량원소를 다량 함유하고 있어 작물의 균형 생장에 도움을 준다.In particular, it has an excellent ability to store moisture and fertilizer, improving the physical condition of the soil, and containing a large amount of various types of trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, helping to balance the growth of crops.
이와 같이 구성하게 되면, 본 발명에 따른 인공토양은 잠재적 탄소 격리 효과를 가질 뿐만 아니라, 바이오매스 활용을 통해 폐자원의 이용을 극대화하고, 천연 재료 활용을 통한 건전한 생태계 육성 및 생물다양성을 증진시키며, 녹지 제공 및 빗물 침투 등의 다양한 혜택을 제공하는 다기능성을 가지면서 무엇보다도 지중 탄소 격리 효과를 증대시킬 수 있게 된다.With this configuration, the artificial soil according to the present invention not only has a potential carbon sequestration effect, but also maximizes the use of waste resources through the use of biomass, fosters a healthy ecosystem and promotes biodiversity through the use of natural materials, It has multifunctionality that provides various benefits such as providing green space and infiltration of rainwater, and above all, it is possible to increase the underground carbon sequestration effect.
다른 한편, 본 발명에서는 상술한 인공토양 100중량부에 대해, 유황 5중량부, Ν-아세칠글코사민산 2.5중량부, 프로스타글란딘 15중량부, 오르토규산나트륨 10중량부, 알로에베라겔 5중량부를 더 첨가할 수 있다.On the other hand, in the present invention, 5 parts by weight of sulfur, 2.5 parts by weight of N-acetylglycosamic acid, 15 parts by weight of prostaglandin, 10 parts by weight of sodium orthosilicate, and 5 parts by weight of aloe vera gel are further added to 100 parts by weight of the above-mentioned artificial soil. can do.
이때, 유황은 지나친 알카리화 억제에 의해 산성화되는 것을 막기 위한 균형제로 첨가되며, 특히 중금속 중화 작용에 기여하게 된다.At this time, sulfur is added as a balancing agent to prevent acidification by suppressing excessive alkalinization, and contributes to neutralization of heavy metals.
그리고, Ν-아세칠글코사민산(N-acetylglucosamic acid)은 인공토양내 세균 침투에 대한 방어기능을 증진시키기 위해 첨가된다.In addition, N-acetylglucosamic acid is added to enhance the defense function against bacterial invasion in artificial soil.
또한, 프로스타글란딘은 20개의 탄소로 이루어진 지방산 유도체로서 오염을 막고 악취 발생을 억제하기 위해 첨가된다.In addition, prostaglandin is a fatty acid derivative consisting of 20 carbons and is added to prevent contamination and suppress odor generation.
아울러, 오르토규산나트륨은 이온결정 구조를 갖는 규산나트륨의 수화물로서 오염물질에 대한 분산작용, 연화작용을 위해 첨가된다.In addition, sodium orthosilicate is a hydrate of sodium silicate having an ionic crystal structure and is added for dispersing and softening of contaminants.
뿐만 아니라, 알로에베라겔은 산도를 변화시키지 않으면서 6대 유해성분에 대한 독소 중화 기능을 위해 첨가된다.In addition, aloe vera gel is added for a toxin neutralization function against the six harmful components without changing the acidity.
Claims (4)
상기 무기물은 바텀애쉬 15중량%, 마사 20중량%, 질석 25중량%, 하이드로겔 25중량% 및 나머지 블랙샌드로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 바이오차를 이용한 탄소격리형 인공토양.
It consists of 20% by weight of biochar, 25% by weight of organic matter, 20% by weight of peat moss, 25% by weight of inorganic matter and the rest of the microbial mixture,
The inorganic material is carbon sequestered artificial soil using biochar, characterized in that it consists of bottom ash 15% by weight, massa 20% by weight, vermiculite 25% by weight, hydrogel 25% by weight and the remaining black sand.
상기 유기물은 코코피트, 버섯 폐배지, 건이끼가 혼합된 것으로, 코코피트 40중량%, 버섯 폐배지 30중량%, 건이끼 30중량%의 비율로 배합되고;
상기 유기물에는 유기물 100중량부에 대해, 풀빅산(Fulvic acid) 10중량부, 질석(Vermiculite) 10중량부, 시트릭산(citric acid) 15중량부, 초산전분(Acetylated Starch) 10중량부가 더 첨가된 것을 특징으로 하는 바이오차를 이용한 탄소격리형 인공토양.According to claim 1;
The organic matter is a mixture of coco peat, mushroom waste medium, and dry moss, and is formulated in a ratio of 40% by weight of coco peat, 30% by weight of mushroom waste medium, and 30% by weight of dry moss;
To the organic material, 10 parts by weight of Fulvic acid, 10 parts by weight of vermiculite, 15 parts by weight of citric acid, and 10 parts by weight of Acetylated Starch were further added to the organic material based on 100 parts by weight of the organic material. Carbon sequestration type artificial soil using biochar, characterized in that.
상기 미생물 혼합재는 지렁이 분변토 100g당 수지상균근균이 1500㎕ 접종된 것임을 특징으로 하는 바이오차를 이용한 탄소격리형 인공토양.According to claim 1,
Carbon sequestration type artificial soil using biochar, characterized in that the microbial mixture is inoculated with 1500 μl of dendrite mycorrhiza per 100 g of earthworm feces.
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