KR20120041488A - Method for improving soil using granite waste powder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for improving soil is provided to improve the soil and to recycle waste at the same time by using waste granite powder, to neutralize acidic soil, and to provide far infrared rays radiating-effect to the soil. CONSTITUTION: A method for improving soil comprises: a step of collecting waste granite powder; a step of manufacturing granules by mixing the waste granite powder and a binder; a step of sintering the granules at 800-1200 °C; a step of crushing the sintered material to powder; a step of adding the powder into soil. The binder is one or more kinds selected from chitosan, cellulose, starch, polyvinylalcohol, and polyethylene oxide.

Description

Method for improving soil using granite waste powder

The present invention relates to a method for improving soil, and more particularly, to a method for improving soil using granite waste powder.

Soil is a substance that is deposited on the surface of the earth, also known as soil. Most soils are carbohydrates in rock. The rock exposed on or near the surface is composed of mixtures, chemical reaction products (clay minerals, calcium carbonate, etc.), organic matter, broken down into large and small particles by oxygen, water and heat. Air and water occupy between these weathered sediments (mainly rock particles). Since the roots of plants infiltrated and distributed between these three phases absorb and grow nutrients and water, soil becomes a source of life phenomenon.

In general, chemical fertilizers are commonly used in agricultural lands in Korea, and these chemical fertilizers have functions to supply crops by temporarily raising the intellect, but with continuous use, the intellect declines and the acidification of the soil It is deepening.

Therefore, crops cultivated on such farmland may not grow properly and become vulnerable to pests, and the amount of pesticides such as insecticides and fungicides is increasing. In addition, harmful pesticide components that are not completely decomposed in the crops remain, and when a person repeatedly ingests the harmful ingredients remaining in the crops, they are absorbed and accumulated in the human body, thereby causing health problems.

Attempts have been made to improve the above problems and reinforce the intellect. As an example, a method of using diatomaceous earth containing SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ as a main powder as a fine powder has been proposed. Poor to not only decay the roots of the plant, but also had the disadvantage of being relatively expensive.

Another example is a soil improver which is extruded into granules by adding 2 to 15 parts by weight of boric acid and 2 to 35 parts by weight of sodium silicate to 100 parts by weight of fly ash, which is an industrial waste. In addition to SiO ₂ , it contains various trace elements such as Al ₂ O ₃ , MgO, and has an acidity (pH) of 8 to 10 alkalinity, so that it can be used as a neutralizer for acidic soils. However, this soil modifier has the disadvantage that boric acid, sodium silicate, and the like required for the production process are relatively expensive, and the mineral reinforcement is slightly lowered because the mineral component is not contained in a large amount.

In addition, when limestone or goto fertilizers are used, the porosity is low, and there is a problem of breathability to harden the ground.

On the other hand, granite is used as decorative interior and exterior materials in buildings, gardens, etc., when a large amount of powder is generated when cutting or processing granite, the utilization of this waste powder is required.

The prior art on soil improvement and improvement is as follows.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 117494, FeSO ₄ 5 to 13% by weight, MgSO ₄ 5 to 10% by weight, MnSO ₄ 1 to 5% by weight, ZnSO ₄ 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, CuSO ₄ 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, H ₃ BO ₃ 0.1 to 0.5% by weight, (NH ₄ ) ₆ MO ₇ O ₂₄ 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, microbial activator 0.1 to 4.0% by weight, water of 88.69 to 66.8% by weight of the non-precipitated ionic soil improving agent composition Is disclosed.

Korean Patent Registration No. 268128 shows dry, pulverized and separated sieves with 85% of yellow soil of 1 mm or less, 5% by weight of activated carbon of 2 mm or less, 5% by weight of zeolite with a particle size of 1 mm or less, and elvan with a particle size of 0.5 mm or less. Disclosed is a method for producing water and soil improving materials, characterized by mixing 5% by weight.

Korean Patent Registration No. 274532 is characterized by mixing the constant sludge, quicklime, jabasite, dolomite in a weight ratio of 85: 3: 7: 7: 5 and calcining the mixed mixture for about 3 to 5 degrees Celsius in a kiln. A method for producing a soil improving agent using a constant sludge is disclosed.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 379112 has 30 to 50 parts by weight of SiO ₂ , 20 to 40 parts by weight of CaO, 15 to 30 parts by weight of Al ₂ O ₃ and 5 to 10 parts by weight of SO ₃ , 1 to 5 parts by weight of MgO, Fe ₂ O ₃ 1 to 5 parts by weight, TiO ₂ 0.1 to 3 parts by weight, K ₂ O 0.1 to 1 parts by weight, Na ₂ O 0.1 to 1 parts by weight, P ₂ O ₅ 0.1 to 1 parts by weight, polymer organic flocculant 0.1 to 10 parts by weight A soil stabilizing and improving composition comprising a trace material consisting of a part, BaO, CuO, MnO, ZnO, ZrO ₂ is disclosed.

Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 384641 is a binder for granulating the powder to be sprayed on the soil for nutrient supply or soil reforming, a solution of 10 to 20 wt% per starch in water and clay by volume 1 Mix at a ratio of 0.1 to 1.2, mix 70 to 80 wt% of steelmaking slag powder having an iron content of 12% or less, and 20 to 30 wt% of blast furnace slag powder, and add 55 to 60 cc of a binder per 100 g of the mixture. Disclosed is a granulation method of a soil improving agent, characterized in that the mixture is mixed in a conventional method and then molded in a conventional manner.

Korean Patent Registration No. 386693 uses 100% by weight of waste foundry sand made of fine powder and 5% by weight of dolomite and 5% by weight of masato, respectively. A method for producing a soil improver is disclosed.

Korean Patent Registration No. 386854 discloses 1 g to 1,350 kg of carbon component per 10 a (1000 m3) of soil area as a single amount of solid or aqueous solution of a degradable carbohydrate having a carbon quality (C / N ratio) of 30 or more. The present invention discloses a method for improving the accumulation of excess salt and salt accumulation soil by supplying a carbon source to quickly lower the soil's electrical conductivity and inorganic nitrogen content.

Korean Patent Registration No. 427617 discloses 3 to 5 wt% silver nitrate, 3 to 5 wt% gold chloride, 10 to 20 wt% borax, 30 to 40 wt% sodium carbonate, 20 to 30 wt% sodium peroxide, and salt at 840 ° C. or higher. Disclosed is a liquid soil and water purifying agent, characterized in that a mixture of 20-30 wt% of the molten salt powder obtained by melting and cooling and pulverizing is dissolved in water of 60 ° C. or higher.

Korean Patent Registration No. 444152 discloses 80.5 to 95.5% by weight of ocher, 2 to 6% by weight of highly concentrated bio, 0.5 to 1.5% by weight of high biovita, 2 to 6% by weight of highly concentrated soil agro, and 2 to 6 A mixing step of producing a loess mixture by mixing the plant nutrients by weight; A pulverizing step of pulverizing the ocher mixture produced by uniformly mixing in the mixing step to a predetermined size or less by using a pulverizer to generate a soil improving agent; Disclosed is a method for producing a soil modifier, characterized in that the packaging step of packaging the soil modifier to have a predetermined capacity.

Republic of Korea Patent No. 515757, in the use of 10 to 15% by weight of active oyster shell activated at a temperature of 850 ℃ as soil acid inhibitor, 70 to 90 weight in the form of 150 mesh particles in the known active oyster shell Disclosed is a method for producing a soil improving agent containing active kaolin as a main raw material, characterized by mixing% active kaolin.

Republic of Korea Patent No.790373 is homogenized by mixing 40 to 60 wt% of papermaking sludge material calcined at 800 to 1000 ℃, 20 wt% of furnace slag fine powder, 10 to 32 wt% quicklime, 3 to 10 wt% anhydrous gypsum. Soil improving hardeners are disclosed.

Korean Patent Registration No. 955703 discloses 10-40 parts by weight of cocoite, 20-50 parts by weight of phosphate gypsum, 20-50 parts by weight of bottom ash, 20-40 parts by weight of zeolite and 0.25-part of aspartic acid-alkyl aspartic acid copolymer. A plant nutrition soil modifier composition is disclosed which contains 5 parts by weight to reduce salt damage and improve plant sticking and growth.

However, the prior art does not disclose soil improvement using granite waste powder.

An object of the present invention is to provide a method that can improve the soil while recycling waste resources by using granite waste powder.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method that can neutralize or improve acidic soils into alkaline soils.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement method capable of imparting far-infrared radiation effect to soil.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement method that can promote mineral absorption of crops.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a soil improvement method capable of providing abundant minerals and nutrients to the soil.

The present invention to achieve the above object, (a) collecting the waste powder of granite; (b) mixing the collected granite waste powder and a binder to produce a granule; (c) calcining the granules; (d) pulverizing the fired product; And (e) adding the milled product to the soil.

In the present invention, by using the granite waste powder, the waste resources can be recycled and the soil can be improved, and the addition of granite exhibiting alkalinity can neutralize the acidic soil or improve the alkaline soil.

In step (b) of the soil improvement method of the present invention, one or more selected from sedimentary rock powder, elvan powder and wood vinegar may be further added. In this way, by adding sedimentary rock powder, ganban stone powder and wood vinegar solution in addition to the granite waste powder, it is possible to provide rich minerals and nutrients to the soil.

In step (b) of the soil improvement method of the present invention, chitosan, cellulose, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, and the like may be used, and polyvinyl alcohol is particularly preferable.

In step (c) of the soil improvement method of the present invention, it is preferable to fire at a temperature of 800 to 1,200 ℃. As such, by firing and activating the granite waste powder, the far-infrared radiation effect can be imparted to the soil. If the firing temperature is less than 800 ℃ activation is insufficient to reduce the far infrared radiation effect, and if the firing temperature exceeds 1,200 ℃, the increase in the activation rate is inefficient compared to the energy consumption is inefficient.

In step (d) of the soil improvement method of the present invention, it is preferable to grind to a size of 10 to 100 nm. In this way, nano-sized granite waste powder can be applied to soil to promote mineral absorption of crops.

By using the granite waste powder according to the present invention, the waste resources can be recycled and the soil can be improved, and the addition of granite exhibiting alkalinity can neutralize the acidic soil or improve the alkaline soil.

In addition, by firing and activating the granite waste powder, it can give far-infrared radiation effect to the soil, and by applying nano-sized granite waste powder to the soil, it can promote the mineral absorption of crops. By adding powder, wood vinegar and the like, it is possible to provide rich minerals and nutrients to the soil.

1 is a process chart showing a method for improving soil using granite waste powder according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a process chart showing a method for improving soil using granite waste powder according to the present invention, comprising granite waste powder collection step, granule manufacturing step, granule firing step, calcined product grinding step, soil addition step .

First, the waste powder of granite is collected.

Granite waste powder generated in a large amount in a stone factory is collected and used as a main raw material of the present invention.

Granite is a coarse crystalline rock composed mainly of quartz and feldspar and includes trace amounts of apatite, titanite, galvanic stone and magnetite. Granite is classified according to the feldspar content ratio.

As the main component of granite, SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ is over 80%, and contains small amount of essential minerals such as Ca, Mg, Na, K, and various kinds of Fe, Ti, Zn, Mn, Se, Ge, etc. Contains trace amounts of elements.

In the present invention, by using the granite waste powder, the waste resources can be recycled and the soil can be improved, and the addition of granite exhibiting alkalinity can neutralize the acidic soil or improve the alkaline soil.

Acid soil is a general term for acidic soils, and refers to soils with strong acidity when distilled water is added to a handful of soils and its pH is 6 or 5 or less. Generally unsuitable for crop cultivation, nutrients are scarce and should be fertilized sufficiently. Powdered carbonate is usually used for acid soil improvement, and lime nitrogen, superphosphate lime, and silicate lime are also effective. Among the crops, barley and spinach are not suitable for this soil, but are suitable for trees such as pine trees.

Alkaline soils are soils that have weak alkalinity because they contain a lot of soluble salts such as sodium, magnesium and calcium. Sodium, magnesium, calcium and other salt compounds are a lot of soil. When the soil becomes more alkaline, ordinary crops do not grow. Improvements include spillage of soluble salts by irrigation water, dealkalization by application of gypsum, application of acidic reagents such as iron sulfate, ammonium sulfate, and sulfur, earthing and deep grinding.

Soil acidity refers to the acidity of the soil. The acidity leaching from the soil using potassium chloride solution is called substitution acidity, and the acidity leaching with calcium acetate is called hydrochloric acid. The acidity of the soil can be measured by using a salt solution to dissolve the substitutional hydrogen and the replaceable aluminum, which are the causative agents of acidity, with the anion of the salt. In general, the hydrophobicity is higher than the substituted acidity.

Acidity testing is an investigation of soil acidity, which can be divided into qualitative and quantitative. The simplest is to use a test paper. Blue litmus paper turns red if it is acidic, otherwise it is neutral or alkaline. In this way, quantitative judgment can be made to some extent, taking into account the degree of change and the time required for the change. A more quantitative colorimetric method is the Clark-Labs indicator. The air-dried cede is exuded into the required solution, filtered through a dry filter paper to form a clear solution, and a predetermined amount is added to the test tube. A Clark-Rabs indicator is added to judge the standard solution and the colorimetric. As an electrical measurement method, a hydrogen electrode method, a quinhydrone electrode method, an antimony electrode method, and the like are used, but recently, a glass electrode method is used.

Next, the collected granite waste powder and a binder are mixed to prepare a granule.

Before the granite waste powder is calcined, it is molded into granulated solids of a certain shape, that is, ceramic balls, and the like, and a certain amount of binder is added to make a sufficient dough to make a constant formation control.

For example, looking at the manufacturing process of the granules by extrusion, the granite waste powder and the binder are mixed at a predetermined ratio, and then put into an extruder and extruded while pressing at a pressure of about 0.8 to 1.2 × 10 ³ kg / ㎠. Prepared in solid form. By adjusting the pressure within the pressure range, it is possible to uniformly mold the density of the sintered body in the high temperature baking process to prevent cracks and breakage.

As the binder, chitosan, cellulose, natural polymers such as starch and synthetic water-soluble polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyethylene oxide may be used, and the amount of the binder added is 0.1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 100 parts by weight of granite waste powder. 1 to 10 parts by weight.

In particular, when 1 to 3 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) aqueous solution is added to 100 parts by weight of granite waste powder and subjected to plastic working, the water produced during the heat treatment is solidified through a hydration reaction with the binder, thereby Most of the alcohol is blown off with carbon dioxide and water vapor, leaving only the adsorbent to control the shape of the ball. In addition, since the polymer material such as polyvinyl alcohol has a feature that can form a porous membrane on its own, it is more effective because the function as a modifier can be performed at the same time.

In addition to the granite waste powder and the binder in the granule manufacturing step, at least one selected from sedimentary rock powder, elvan powder and wood vinegar may be further added. In this way, by adding sedimentary rock powder, ganban stone powder and wood vinegar solution in addition to the granite waste powder, it is possible to provide rich minerals and nutrients to the soil.

Sedimentary rock is a rock in which minerals carried by transport action such as water and wind are sedimented at low pressure and low temperature of the surface, and sediment is formed by weathering and erosion, and moved to low place by gravity. When hardened, it becomes sedimentary rock. These sedimentary rocks are rich in various minerals, excellent in breathability, and can improve soil acidity due to alkalinity.

Elvan stone belongs to granite calcite rock, and it is called elvan rock because it is like a rice ball made of barley rice mixed with quartz and feldspar. The main components are silicic anhydride and aluminum oxide, and a small amount of ferric oxide is contained. Known as a weak stone is a yellowish-white ganban stone, previously used as a filter for refining pills and as an anti-inflammatory to treat skin diseases such as boils or boils on the back. According to the agreement, it is sweet, warm and nonpoisonous. It consists of 3-150,000 holes per cm <3>, and is highly adsorptive, and contains about 25,000 kinds of inorganic salts. It acts as a toxic metal remover because it exchanges heavy metals and ions, and emits far infrared rays.

Wood vinegar is collected from the smoke generated when making wood into charcoal and liquefies and falls off. In addition, wood vinegar is collected by liquefying smoke from wood making charcoal. Says that removed. Wood vinegar is acidic and has strong bactericidal power and can be used as a nutrient source for microorganisms. It has excellent solubility and removal of harmful oxygen. Wood vinegar contains about 200 active ingredients, water content is 90% by weight, and organic matter is about 10% by weight. The organic substance is composed of acids, phenols, carbonyl compounds, alcohols and base components. These organics have bactericidal and insecticidal effects, and become a nutrient source of useful microorganisms and can propagate microorganisms. In addition, many organic acids, such as acetic acid, can dissolve various substances. Alcohols make water molecules smaller, making them more permeable and absorbent in plants and animals. In addition, as a physiologically active substance, it acts as a coenzyme that facilitates the reaction in crops and microorganisms, and promotes the physiological metabolism of crops to improve the sweetness and taste of fruits or to remove irritating odors.

The added amount of the sedimentary rock powder, elvan rock powder and wood vinegar solution is 0.1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the granite waste powder.

Next, the manufactured granules are fired.

By firing, it is possible to release far-infrared radiation from the granite waste powder itself by activating the mineral components of the granite's own species (approximately 40 or more).

As the firing equipment, conventional equipment such as tunnel kiln and shuttle kiln can be used.

It is preferable that baking temperature is 800-1,200 degreeC. If the firing temperature is less than 800 ℃ activation is insufficient to reduce the far infrared radiation effect, and if the firing temperature exceeds 1,200 ℃, the increase in the activation rate is inefficient compared to the energy consumption is inefficient.

Next, the fired product is cooled and dried and then ground.

At this time, it is preferable to grind to a size of 10 to 100 nm using a conventional nano grinder. In this way, nano-sized granite waste powder can be applied to soil to promote mineral absorption of crops.

Elements present in trace amounts in granite (Fe, Ti, Zn, Mn, Se, Ge, etc.) are not absorbed directly into crops, but are absorbed directly into the roots, pores and hand of crops in the form of nanoparticles. Crops containing more elements present can be grown. In addition, since the fine granulated fine powder of the granulated powder is less than 100 nm, it can be directly absorbed by the leaves of the crop having a hand and pore of 20 to 30 nm can improve the state of the crop well.

Next, a ground powder containing granite waste powder is added to the soil.

The amount of the pulverized product including the granite waste powder is 0.1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 50 parts by weight, more preferably 1 to 30 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the soil. If the amount of the pulverized product is too small, the desired soil improvement effect cannot be exerted, and if it is too large, the acidity of the soil may be excessive.

Example 1

First, the granite waste powder generated in a large amount in a stone factory was collected and used as a main raw material.

Next, 100 parts by weight of granite waste powder and 2 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol were mixed as a binder, and then extruded while being extruded under a pressure of 1 × 10 ³ kg / cm 2 to prepare a granule having a size of 5 mm.

The granules were then calcined at 1,000 ° C. in a tunnel kiln.

Next, the calcined product was cooled and dried, and then ground to a size of 100 nm or less using a nano grinder.

Next, 10 parts by weight of the crushed nano-sized granite waste powder was added to 100 parts by weight of the acidic soil at pH 6, and then mixed evenly.

[Example 2]

It is the same as Example 1 except that 10 weight part of sedimentary rock powder was added with respect to 100 weight part of granite waste powder in the granular body manufacturing step.

Example 3

It is the same as that of Example 1, except that 10 parts by weight of the granule powder is added to 100 parts by weight of the granite waste powder in the preparation of the granules.

Example 4

It is the same as that of Example 1, except that 10 parts by weight of wood vinegar is added to 100 parts by weight of granite waste powder in the preparation of the granules.

Comparative Example 1

Untreated soil.

Comparative Example 2

It is the same as Example 1 except the baking temperature was baked at 600 degreeC.

Comparative Example 3

Same as in Example 1 except that the granite waste powder was ground to 0.1 mm.

[Test Example]

For the soils of Examples and Comparative Examples, acidity, far-infrared emissivity, calcium content of crops, etc. were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.

Acidity was measured by the glass electrode method.

Far-infrared emissivity was measured by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR).

The calcium content of the crop was measured by EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) titration after growing onions.

PH (pH) Far Infrared Emissivity Calcium content (mg / kg) Example 1 7.1 0.92 249 Example 2 7.3 0.93 274 Example 3 7.2 0.95 287 Example 4 7.0 0.92 268 Comparative Example 1 6.0 - - Comparative Example 2 7.0 0.83 242 Comparative Example 3 6.9 0.91 153

As can be seen in Table 1, the acidic soil was neutralized according to the examples, and the far-infrared emissivity and the mineral absorption of the crop were improved.

On the other hand, in Comparative Example 2 having a low firing temperature, far-infrared emissivity was lower than that in Example. In addition, in the case of Comparative Example 3 in which the granite waste powder was large in size, the mineral absorption rate of the crop was lower than that of the Example.

Claims (5)

(a) collecting the waste powder of granite;
(b) mixing the collected granite waste powder and a binder to produce a granule;
(c) calcining the granules;
(d) pulverizing the fired product; And
(e) adding the ground to the soil. The method of claim 1,
(b) the soil improvement method characterized in that the addition of at least one selected from the sedimentary rock powder, elvan rock powder and wood vinegar solution in step (b). The method of claim 1,
The binder in step (b) is a soil improvement method, characterized in that at least one selected from chitosan, cellulose, starch, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide. The method of claim 1,
Soil improvement method characterized in that the calcining at a temperature of 800 to 1,200 ℃ in step (c). The method of claim 1,
Soil improvement method characterized in that the step of grinding to a size of 10 to 100 nm in step (d).

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