KR20010021658A - 재기록가능한 광 정보매체 - Google Patents

재기록가능한 광 정보매체 Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20010021658A
KR20010021658A KR1020007000216A KR20007000216A KR20010021658A KR 20010021658 A KR20010021658 A KR 20010021658A KR 1020007000216 A KR1020007000216 A KR 1020007000216A KR 20007000216 A KR20007000216 A KR 20007000216A KR 20010021658 A KR20010021658 A KR 20010021658A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
recording
layer
recording stack
stack
thickness
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KR1020007000216A
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English (en)
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KR100606866B1 (ko
Inventor
비렌가하름에이.
류페르스요하네스씨.엔.
Original Assignee
요트.게.아. 롤페즈
코닌클리케 필립스 일렉트로닉스 엔.브이.
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Publication of KR20010021658A publication Critical patent/KR20010021658A/ko
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Publication of KR100606866B1 publication Critical patent/KR100606866B1/ko

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    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
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Abstract

2개의 유전층(3, 5) 사이에 삽입된 상변화 기록층(4)을 지닌 제 1 기록 적층체(1)를 갖는 재기록가능한 단면 이중층 광 정보매체에 대해 개시된다. 이 기록 적층체(2)는, 제 2 기록 적층체(9)의 적절한 판독/기록을 보장할 수 있을 정보의 충분한 투과도를 갖는다. 이를 위해, 기록 적층체(2)는 얇은 금속층(6)과 또 다른 유전층(7)을 구비한다. 레이저 빔(14, 15)이 제 1 기록 적층체(2) 또는 제 2 기록 적층체(9) 위에 초점이 맞추어지므로, 기록매체의 저장용량을 2배로 할 수 있다.

Description

재기록가능한 광 정보매체{REWRITABLE OPTICAL INFORMATION MEDIUM}
본 발명은, 상변화형 기록층을 갖는 2개의 기록 적층체(stack)가 동일한 면에 배치된 기판을 구비한, 레이저 빔을 사용한 재기록가능한 이중층 기록용 광 정보매체에 관한 것이다.
상변화 원리에 근거한 광학 정보 및 데이터 저장은, 직접 오버라이트(direct overwrite: DOW) 및 높은 저장밀도에 대한 가능성을 판독전용 시스템과의 용이한 호환성과 결합할 수 있기 때문에 매력을 갖는다. 상변화 광 기록과정은, 초점이 맞추어진 레이저 빔을 사용하여 얇은 결정막 내부에 서브마이크로미터 크기의 비정질 기록물을 형성하는 과정을 포함한다. 정보를 기록하는 동안, 상기한 기록매체는 기록하려는 정보에 따라 변조된 초점이 맞추어진 레이저 빔에 대해 움직인다. 이것 때문에, 상변화 기록층 내부에서 급속냉각(quenching)이 발생하여, 노출되지 않은 영역에서 결정상태를 유지하는 기록층의 노출된 영역에 복수의 비정질 정보 비트를 형성하게 된다. 기록된 복수의 비정질 마크의 소거는, 동일한 레이저를 사용한 가열을 통해 재결정화에 의해 실현된다. 이러한 복수의 비정질 마크는 데이터 비트를 나타내며, 이들 데이터 비트는 저출력의 초점이 맞추어진 레이저 빔에 의해 기판을 통해 재생될 수 있다. 결정성 기록층에 대한 복수의 비정질 마크의 굴절률 차이는 변조된 레이저 빔을 생성하며, 그후 이 레이저 빔은 코딩되고 기록된 디지탈 정보에 따라 검출기에 의해 변조된 광전류로 변환된다.
광학 기록에 있어서 하나의 목표는, 단면 디스크 상에 DVD-리라이터블 및 DVR(Digital Video Recorder)와 같은 기록매체의 저장용량을 증가시키는 것이다. 이것은, 레이저 스폿 크기가 (λ/NA)2에 비례하기 때문에, 레이저 파장 λ를 줄이거나, 및/또는 개구수(NA)를 증가시킴으로써 달성될 수 있다. 이와 다른 대안은 다중 기록층을 적용하는 것이다. 광 디스크의 동일한 면에 2개의 기록층이 사용될 때, 이것은 이중층 또는 듀얼층 기록이라 부른다.
단일 기록층을 갖는 상변화형 광 정보매체는, 본 출원인의 국제 특허출원 WO 97/50084(PHN 15881)에 공지되어 있다. 상변화 형태를 갖는 종래의 기록매체는, 예를 들면 (ZnS)80(SiO2)20의 제 1 유전층과, GeSbTe 화합물로 이루어진 상변화 기록층과, 제 2 유전층과, 반사 금속 거울층을 구비한 복수의 층으로 이루어진 적층체를 갖는 기판을 구비한다. 이와 같이 복수의 층으로 이루어진 적층체는 IPIM 구조로 칭할 수 있는데, 이때 M은 반사 또는 거울층을 나타내고, I는 유전층을 나타내며, P는 상변화 기록층을 나타낸다. 이때, 금속층은 반사 거울로서의 기능을 수행할 뿐 아니라, 기록과정 동안 비정질 상을 급속냉각하기 위해 신속한 냉각을 확보하기 위한 히트싱크(heat-sink)로서의 기능을 수행한다. 종래의 기록매체는, 우수한 순환성(cyclability)을 갖는데, 즉 다수의 반복된 기록 및 소거 동작이 가능하고, 고속 기록에 적합하며, 다수의 사이클을 거친 후에도 낮은 지터를 나타낸다. 상기한 특허출원에 있어서는 이중층 기록이 개시되지 않았다.
이중층 기록에 대해, 제 2, 즉 하부 기록 적층체의 적절한 판독/기록 특성을 확보하기 위해서는 제 1, 즉 상부 기록 적층체가 충분한 투과성을 가져야만 한다. 그러나, 재기록가능한 상변환 기록에 대한 전술한 종래의 IPIM 구조는 약 80%의 결정성 흡수와 약 20%의 결정성 반사를 가지므로, 제한된 레이저 출력으로, 상변화 기록층 내부의 고온의 증가, 높은 변조와 적절한 트랙킹을 확보한다. IPIM 구조는 투과성을 갖지 않기 때문에, 그것이 제 2, 즉 하부 기록 적층체에 대해서 적당한 구조를 갖더라도, 제로의 투과도가 바람직한 제 1, 즉 상부 기록 적층체로서는 적절하지 않다. 이에 대한 가능한 해결책으로, 질화 알루미늄과 같은 투명한 전열체로 거울층 M을 대체하는 것을 들 수 있다. 그러나, 박막에 있어서 이들 물질의 열 전도도가 여전히 낮은 것으로 판명되었으므로, 기록층 내부의 온도를 신속하게 줄이기 위한 그것의 능력이 충분하지 않다.
결국, 본 발명의 목적은, 특히, 단면 정보매체에 대해 저장용량이 2배가 되는, IPIM 구조를 지닌 복수의 정보 적층체를 갖는 단면의 재기록가능한 이중층 광 정보매체를 제공함에 있다.
상기한 목적은, 본 발명에 따라 서두에 기재된 것과 같은 광 정보매체에 의해 달성되는데, 이 광 정보매체는,
- 2개의 유전층 사이에 삽입된 상변화형 기록층과, 레이저 빔이 입사되는 제 1 기록 적층체 면의 반대측 면에 있는 투명 금속층 및 또 다른 유전층을 구비한 제 1 기록 적층체와,
- 레이저 빔의 초점 심도보다 큰 두께를 갖는 투명 스페이서(spacer) 층과,
- 2개의 유전층 사이에 삽입된 상변화형 기록층과, 레이저 빔이 입사되는 제 2 기록 적층체 면의 반대측 면에 있는 금속 거울층을 구비한 제 2 기록 적층체를 이와 같은 기재 순서대로 구비한다.
본 발명에 따른 광 정보매체는 다음과 같은 구조를 갖는다:
이때, IPIMI+는 또 다른 유전층 I+를 갖는 제 1 기록 적층체이고, S는 투명 스페이서 층이며, IPIM은 제 2 기록 적층체이며, 이때 I, P 및 M은 전술한 것과 동일한 의미를 갖는다, 레이저 빔은 기판을 통해 입사된다.
본 발명은, 또 다른 유전층과 조합하여, 금속층 M을 레이저 빔에 대해 투명한 금속 박막으로 대체할 때, IPIM 적층체의 투과도가 증가된다는 착상에 근거를 두고 있다. 예를 들면, 10 nm의 두께를 갖는 Ag 층을 갖는 기록 적층체의 투과도는, 또 다른 유전층의 추가에 의해, 비정질 상과 결정 상 사이의 광학 콘트라스트에 악영향을 미치지 않으면서, 약 50% 만큼 증가될 수 있다. 이러한 이유로, 제 2 기록 적층체 내부에 기록하기 위한 레이저 출력이 약 50% 만큼 줄어들 수 있다.
상기한 제 1 기록 적층체의 금속층은 두께가 얇은데, 즉 이 층은 10 내지 30 nm의 두께를 갖는다. 이와 같은 두께는, 기록과정 동안 비정질 상을 급속냉각시키는데 충분하며, 제 2 기록 적층체의 적절한 판독/기록 특성을 확보할 수 있을 정도의 충분한 투과도를 허용한다. 상기한 금속은, Al, Cu 또는 Au로부터 선택될 수 있는데, 그것의 높은 투과율과 우수한 열 전도도로 인해, Ag를 사용하여 제조하는 것이 바람직하다.
유전층은, ZnS 및 SiO2의 혼합물, 예를 들면 (ZnS)80(SiO2)20으로 제조하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한, 이들 층은, 그것들의 비화학양론적 조성을 포함하여, SiO2, Ta2O5, TiO2, ZnS, Si3N4, AlN, Al2O3, MgO, ZnO, SiC로 제조될 수 있다. 특히, 우수한 열 전도도로 인해, 마지막 6개의 화합물이 바람직하다.
제 2 기록 적층체의 금속 거울층에 대해서는, Al, Ti, Au, Ni, Cu, Ag, Rh, Pt, Pd, Ni, Co, Mn 및 Cr과 같은 금속과 이들 금속의 합금이 사용될 수 있다. 적합한 합금의 예로는 AlTi, AlCr 및 AlTa을 들 수 있다. 이들 금속 거울층의 두께는 중요하지 않지만, 최대의 반사를 얻기 위해서는 투과도가 제로값인 것이 바람직하다. 실용적인 이유 때문에, 상기한 두께는 대략 100 nm이다.
상기한 기록층은 결정-비정질 상전이를 나타내는 상변화 물질을 포함한다. 공지된 물질로는, 예를 들면, In-Se, In-Se-Sb, In-Se-Te, Te-Ge, Te-Se-Sb, Te-Ge-Se 또는 Ag-In-Sb-Te를 들 수 있다. 바람직하게는, 기록층은 GeSbTe 화합물을 포함한다. 전술한 국제 특허출원 WO 97/50084에 기재된 화합물이 특히 유용하다. 이들 화합물은 다음 식에 의한 원자 백분율로 정의된 조성을 갖는다: Ge50xSb40-40xTe60-10x, 이때 0.166≤x≤0.444이다. 이들 조성물은 삼각형 Ge-Sb-Te 조성도에 있어서 화합물 GeTe 및 Sb2Te3를 연결하는 직선 상에 놓이며, 화학양론적 화합물 Ge2Sb2Te5(x=0.445), GeSb2Te4(x=0.286) 및 GeSb4Te7(x=0.166)을 포함한다. 이들 화합물은 빠른 결정화(소거) 시간을 나타낸다.
바람직하게는, 제 1 기록 적층체의 기록층은 5 내지 15 nm의 두께를 갖는다. 두께가 더 두꺼우면, 투과도가 너무 낮아진다. 제 2 기록 적층체의 기록층은 더 두꺼울 수 있는데, 예를 들면 5 내지 35 nm의 두께를 갖는다.
상기한 제 1 기록 적층체에 있어서, 기판과 상변화 기록층 사이의 유전층은, 기록층을 습기로부터 보호하고, 기판을 열 손상으로부터 보호하며, 광학 콘트라스트를 최적화한다. 지터 면에서, 이 유전층의 두께는 최소한 70 nm인 것이 바람직하다. 광학 콘트라스트의 관점에서, 이 층의 두께는 (70+λ/2n) nm로 제한되는데, 이때 λ는 레이저 빔의 파장이고, n은 유전층의 굴절률이다. 제 2 기록 적층체에 있어서, 스페이서 층과 기록층 사이의 유전층은 동일한 이유로 동일한 범위에 속하는 두께를 갖는다.
이와 같은 두 개의 기록 적층체에 있어서, 기록층과 금속(거울)층 사이에 있는 유전층은 10 내지 50 nm의 두께, 바람직하게는 20 내지 40 nm의 두께를 갖는다. 이 층이 너무 얇으면, 기록층과 금속 거울층 사이의 단열이 악영향을 받는다. 그 결과, 기록층의 냉각 속도가 증가되며, 이것은 불충분한 결정화 과정과 불충분한 순환성을 일으킨다. 제 2 유전층의 두께를 증가시킴으로써 이 냉각 속도가 줄어든다.
제 1 기록 적층체의 또 다른 유전층은, 최대 투과도 맞추어 최적화되며, 유전체의 굴절률 n에 의존한다. 예를 들면, n=2일 때 두께는 약 60 nm인 반면에, n=3에 대해서는 두께가 약 32 nm이다.
제 1 및 제 2 기록 적층체 사이에 있는 투명 스페이서 층은, 예를 들면 10㎛의 레이저 빔의 초점 심도보다 더 큰 두께를 갖는다. 이와 같은 두께는, 제 1 및 제 2 기록 적층체가 광학적으로 감결합이 이루어지도록 하는데, 즉, 제 1 기록 적층체(의 기록층)에 초점이 맞추어진 레이저 빔이 제 2 기록 적층체로부터/적층체 상에 정보를 판독/기록하지 않으며, 이에 대한 역도 성립한다. 이에 따르면, 단일층 정보매체에 대해 정보 용량이 2배가 된다. 상기한 스페이서 층의 재질은, 예를 들면 UV 경화된 아크릴산 접착제로서, 복제공정에 의해 그 내부에 복수의 서보트랙이 설치될 수 있다.
상기한 정보매체의 기판은 적어도 레이저 파장에 대해 투명하며, 예를 들면, 폴리카보네이트, 폴리메틸 메타크릴산(PMMA), 비정질 폴리올레핀 또는 유리로 제조된다. 전형적인 예에 있어서, 상기한 기판은 디스크 형태를 갖고 120mm의 직경과 0.6 또는 1.2mm의 두께를 갖는다. 레이저 빔은 기판의 입사면을 통해 적층체에 입사한다.
상기한 기록층의 일면에 있는 디스크 형태의 기판의 표면에는, 광학적으로 주사가능한 서보트랙을 설치하는 것이 바람직하다. 이러한 서보트랙은 보통 나선형 홈으로 구성되며, 주입성형 또는 프레싱 공정 중에 몰드를 사용하여 기판 내부에 형성된다. 이와 달리, 이와 같은 홈은 복제 공정에서, 예를 들면 UV 광경화가능한 아크릴산과 같은, 스페이서 층의 합성수지 내부에 형성될 수 있다.
선택적으로, 상기한 적층체의 최외층은, 예를 들면 UV 광경화된 폴리아크릴산(메타크릴산)으로 이루어진 보호층을 사용하여 외부 환경으로부터 차단된다.
예를 들면, 660 nm 또는 그 보다 짧은 파장(적색 내지 청색)을 갖는 단파장 레이저를 사용하여 고밀도 기록 및 소거가 달성될 수 있다.
상기한 금속 거울층 및 유전층은 증착 또는 스퍼터링에 의해 형성될 수 있다.
상변화 기록층은, 진공 증착, 전자빔 진공 증착, 화학기상증착, 이온 도금 또는 스퍼터링에 의해 기판에 가해질 수 있다.
이하, 본 발명을 다음의 첨부도면을 참조하여 설명하는 실시예에 의해 더욱 상세히 설명한다: 도 1은 본 발명에 따른 광학 이중층 정보매체의 개략적인 단면도를 나타낸 것이다.
실시예
도 1은 본 발명에 따른 이중층 광 정보 디스크의 일부 단면도를 개략적으로 나타낸 것이다. 이때, 치수는 축적에 맞추어 나타내지 않았다. 도면부호 1은, 120 mm의 직경과 0.6 mm의 두께를 갖는 폴리카보네이트제의 디스크 형태의 기판을 나타낸다. 이 기판(1)은 다음을 구비한다:
- 190 nm의 두께를 갖는 (ZnS)80(SiO2)20의 유전층(3),
- 6 nm의 두께를 갖는 화합물 GeSb2Te4의 기록층(4),
- 15 nm의 두께를 갖는 (ZnS)80(SiO2)20의 유전층(5),
- 15 nm의 두께를 갖는 투명 은 층(6),
- 220 nm의 두께를 갖는 AlN의 또 다른 유전층(7)
을 구비한 IPIMI+구조를 갖는 제 1 기록 적층체(2)와,
50 ㎛의 두께를 갖는 UV 경화된 아크릴산의 스페이서 층(8)과,
- 190 nm의 두께를 갖는 (ZnS)80(SiO2)20의 유전층(10),
- 25 nm의 두께를 갖는 화합물 GeSb2Te4의 기록층(11),
- 15 nm의 두께를 갖는 (ZnS)80(SiO2)20의 유전층(12),
- 100 nm의 두께를 갖는 알루미늄 거울층(13)
을 구비한 IPIM 구조를 지닌 제 2 기록 적층체(9).
상기한 기록층 4 및 11의 초기 결정 상태는, 레코더 내부에서 초점이 맞추어진 레이저 빔을 사용하여 적층된 비정질 합금을 가열함으로써 얻어진다.
정보를 기록, 재생 및 소거하기 위한 레이저 빔 14는, 기록 적층체 2 위에 초점이 맞추어지며, 기판(1)을 통해 적층체(2)로 들어간다. 또한, 레이저 빔 15는 제 2 기록 적층체(9)의 기록층(11) 위에 초점이 맞추어진다.
제 1 기록 적층체는, 정질 상태에서 약 50%의 투과율을 갖고, 결정 상태에서 약 33%의 투과도를 갖는다. 이 적층체는 우수한 기록 특성을 갖는다. 이때, 4000 오버라이트 사이클까지 지터는 13% 이하이다.
본 발명에 따르면, 단일층 기록매체에 대해 저장용량이 2배가 되는, DVD-RAM 또는 DVR과 같은, 재기록가능한 단면 이중층 상변화 광 정보매체가 제공된다.

Claims (6)

  1. 레이저 빔을 사용한 재기록가능한 이중층 기록용 광 정보매체에 있어서,
    상기 정보매체가,
    - 2개의 유전층 사이에 삽입된 상변화형 기록층과, 레이저 빔이 입사되는 제 1 기록 적층체 면의 반대측 면에 있는 투명 금속층 및 또 다른 유전층을 구비한 제 1 기록 적층체와,
    - 레이저 빔의 초점 심도보다 큰 두께를 갖는 투명 스페이서 층과,
    - 2개의 유전층 사이에 삽입된 상변화형 기록층과, 레이저 빔이 입사되는 제 2 기록 적층체 면의 반대측 면에 있는 금속 거울층을 구비한 제 2 기록 적층체를 이와 같은 기재 순서대로 동일한 면에 배치된 기판을 구비한 것을 특징으로 하는 광 정보매체.
  2. 제 1항에 있어서,
    상기 제 1 기록 적층체의 금속층은 10 내지 30 nm의 두께를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 광 정보매체.
  3. 제 1항에 있어서,
    상기 제 1 기록 적층체의 금속층은 은을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 광 정보매체.
  4. 제 1항에 있어서,
    상기 스페이서 층은 최소한 10 ㎛의 두께를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 광 정보매체.
  5. 제 1항에 있어서,
    상기 복수의 기록층은 GeSbTe 화합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 광 정보매체.
  6. 제 1항에 있어서,
    상기 또 다른 유전층은, 그것들의 비화학양론적 조성을 포함하여, Al2O3, SiC, Si3N4, MgO, ZnO 및 AlN로 구성된 그룹으로부터 선택된 화합물을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 광 정보매체.
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