KR102028293B1 - Breaking detection device - Google Patents

Breaking detection device Download PDF

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KR102028293B1
KR102028293B1 KR1020187001289A KR20187001289A KR102028293B1 KR 102028293 B1 KR102028293 B1 KR 102028293B1 KR 1020187001289 A KR1020187001289 A KR 1020187001289A KR 20187001289 A KR20187001289 A KR 20187001289A KR 102028293 B1 KR102028293 B1 KR 102028293B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
rope
car
sensor
unit
time
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KR1020187001289A
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Korean (ko)
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KR20180018743A (en
Inventor
준이치 아이바
아키라 후미야
히로유키 무라카미
다이스케 나카자와
다이키 후쿠이
마사히코 히다
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미쓰비시 덴키 빌딩 테크노 서비스 가부시키 가이샤
미쓰비시덴키 가부시키가이샤
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
    • B66B7/1207—Checking means
    • B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables

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  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

The break detection device includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a time detector 21, and a position detector 22. The time detector 21 detects the time from when the vibration generated in the rope reaches the first position and reaches the second position based on the output signal from the first sensor and the output signal from the second sensor. . The position detection unit 22 detects the position of the breaking portion of the rope based on the rope distances of the first position and the second position and the time detected by the time detection unit 21.

Description

Breaking detection device

The present invention relates to a fracture detection apparatus.

Various ropes are used in elevator devices. For example, the car of an elevator hangs on a hoistway by a main rope. The main rope is wound around a pulley, such as a driving sheave of the hoist. The main rope is gradually degraded by repeated bending deformations. When the main rope deteriorates, the element wire constituting the main rope breaks. Strands of twisted strands may break. In addition, breakage of the strand or breakage of the strand also occurs when foreign matter enters between the main rope and the pulley.

Broken strands or strands protrude from the surface of the main rope. For this reason, when an elevator is operated in the state in which a wire or strand was broken, there exists a possibility that a broken wire or strand may contact the apparatus provided in the hoistway.

Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 describe elevator devices. In the elevator apparatus of patent document 1, the rope guide is provided in the drive sheave of a hoisting machine. In addition, the vibration of the rope guide is detected by the sensor. On the basis of the vibration detected by the sensor, breakage of the strand or strand is detected.

In the elevator apparatus of patent document 2, the sensor for detecting the abnormality of a rope is provided in the vicinity of a drive sheave. The sensor is provided with a detecting member which is displaced by contacting the broken element wire or strand.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent No. 5203339 Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent No. 4896692

In an elevator apparatus, the range through which a main rope passes (contacts) is predetermined about each pulley. For example, a part of a range of the main rope passes through the drive sheave. The part passing through the drive sheave does not necessarily pass through the suspended pulley of the counterweight. For this reason, when it is going to detect the breaking of a wire | wire or the strand breaking using the sensor of patent document 1 or patent document 2, it is necessary to attach a sensor in the vicinity of the some pulley by which the main rope was wound. For example, when attaching a sensor in the vicinity of the hanging hook of a balance weight, a signal line must be laid between a balance weight and a control apparatus. In addition to the necessity of a large number of sensors, signal lines must be drawn out from each sensor, resulting in a complicated configuration. In particular, in an elevator device of a 2: 1 roping system in which a large number of pulleys are used, the above problem becomes remarkable.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a break detection device capable of detecting the break position of an element wire or strand by a simple configuration.

The breaking detection apparatus according to the present invention includes a first sensor in which the output signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the rope reaches the first position of the rope, and an output signal when the vibration generated in the rope reaches the second position of the rope. On the basis of the fluctuating second sensor and the output signal from the first sensor and the output signal from the second sensor, the time from the vibration generated in the rope to the first position after reaching the second position is detected. And a position detecting section for detecting the position of the breaking portion of the rope based on the rope distance between the first position and the second position and the time detected by the time detecting section.

delete

With the break detection device according to the present invention, the break position of the strand or strand can be detected by a simple configuration.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows typically the structure of an elevator apparatus.
2 is a perspective view showing a suspending pulley.
3 is a view showing a cross section of the hanging pulley.
4 is a view for explaining how the breaking portion of the main rope is moved.
5 is a view for explaining how the breaking portion of the main rope is moved.
6 is a view for explaining how the breaking portion of the main rope moves.
7 is a diagram illustrating an output of a sensor signal.
8 is a diagram illustrating an output of a sensor signal.
9 is an enlarged view of an essential part of FIG. 8.
It is a figure which shows the structural example of the rupture detection apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention.
It is a figure for demonstrating the function of the rupture detection apparatus shown in FIG.
12 is a flowchart showing an example of operation of the breaking detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the function of the variation detection part.
14 is a flowchart showing another operation example of the break detection device.
It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the failure determination function of a control apparatus.
16 is a diagram for explaining the function of the variation detector.
It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the failure determination function of a control apparatus.
18 is a flowchart showing an example of operation of the breaking detection device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
19 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of a control device.

The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Overlapping descriptions are appropriately simplified or omitted. In each figure, the same code | symbol shows the same part or the corresponding part.

Embodiment 1.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows typically the structure of an elevator apparatus. First, with reference to FIG. 1, the structure of an elevator apparatus is demonstrated.

The car 1 moves the hoistway 2 up and down. The hoistway 2 is a space extending vertically, for example, formed in a building. The counterweight 3 moves the hoistway 2 up and down. The car 1 and the counterweight 3 are suspended on the hoistway 2 by the main rope 4. Roping systems for hanging the car 1 and the counterweight 3 are not limited to the examples shown in FIG. 1. For example, you may hang the cage | basket | car 1 and the counterweight 3 on the hoistway 2 by 1: 1 roping. Below, the example which hangs the cage | basket | car 1 and the counterweight 3 by 2: 1 roping is demonstrated concretely.

One end of the main rope 4 is supported by the fixture of the hoistway 2. For example, one end of the main rope 4 is supported by a fixed body provided at the top of the hoistway 2. The main rope 4 extends downward from one end. The main rope 4 is attached to the pulley 5 hanging from one end side, the hanging pulley 6, the hanging pulley 7, the drive sheave 8, the hanging pulley 9 and the hanging pulley 10. Wind in turn The main rope 4 extends upwardly from the hanging pulley 10. As for the main rope 4, the other end is supported by the fixture of the hoistway 2. As shown in FIG. For example, the other end of the main rope 4 is supported by a fixed body provided at the top of the hoistway 2.

In the following description, the one end of the said main rope 4 which is closer to the cage | basket | car 1 is called a cage | basket | car side edge. In addition, what is the said other end near the counterweight 3 is called a dead end.

The hanging pulley 5 and the hanging pulley 6 are provided in the car 1. The hanging pulley 5 and the hanging pulley 6 are installed in a rotatable state, for example, at the bottom of the bottom of the car. The hanging pulley 7 and the hanging pulley 9 are provided in a rotatable state at the top of the hoistway 2, for example. The drive sheave 8 is provided in the hoist 11. The hoist 11 is provided in the pit of the hoistway 2, for example. The hanging pulley 10 is provided on the counterweight 3. The hanging pulley 10 is installed in a rotatable state, for example, on an upper portion of a frame supporting the weight.

The arrangement of the pulley to which the main rope 4 is wound is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1. For example, the drive sheave 8 may be arranged in the top of the hoistway 2 or in a machine room (not shown) above the hoistway 2.

The weighing apparatus 12 detects a loading load of the car 1. The weighing apparatus 12 detects the loading load of the cage | basket | car 1 based on the load on the cage | basket | car side end of the main rope 4, for example. The weighing device 12 outputs a weighing signal corresponding to the detected load. The scale signal output from the scale apparatus 12 is input to the control apparatus 13.

The accelerometer 14 detects the acceleration of the car 1. The car 1 is guided by a guide rail (not shown) and moves in a vertical direction. For this reason, the accelerometer 14 detects the acceleration of the car 1 in the vertical direction. The accelerometer 14 is provided in the car 1, for example. The accelerometer 14 outputs an acceleration signal corresponding to the detected acceleration. The acceleration signal output from the accelerometer 14 is input to the control device 13.

The hoist 11 has a function of detecting torque. The hoist 11 outputs a torque signal corresponding to the detected torque. The torque signal output from the hoist 11 is input to the control device 13.

The governor 15 stops the car 1 by operating an emergency stop (not shown) when the descending speed of the car 1 exceeds the reference speed. The governor 15 includes, for example, a governing rope 16, a governing sheave 17, and an encoder 18. The governing rope 16 is wound around the governing sheave 17 and moves in conjunction with the car 1. When the governing rope 16 moves, the governing sheave 17 rotates. The encoder 18 outputs a rotation signal according to the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the governing sheave 17. The rotation signal output from the encoder 18 is input to the control device 13.

2 is a perspective view showing the hanging pulley 9. 3 is a view showing a cross section of the hanging pulley 9. A stopper 19 is provided on the member for supporting the hanging pulley 9. The stopper 19 prevents the main rope 4 from falling out of the groove of the hanging pulley 9. The stopper 19 opposes, for example, a part of the main rope 4 wound around the groove of the hanging pulley 9 with a slight gap. If no abnormality occurs in the main rope 4, the main rope 4 does not contact the stopper 19.

2 and 3 show a state in which strands or strands constituting the main rope 4 are twisted and broken. In the following description, the part where the strand or strand broke in the main rope 4 is described with the breaking part 4a. The breaking part 4a protrudes from the surface of the main rope 4, as shown to FIG. 2 and FIG. For this reason, when the cage | basket | car 1 moves, the breaking part 4a will contact the stopper 19, when passing through the cutting pulley 9. As shown in FIG.

2 and 3 show the hanging pulley 9 as an example of the pulley on which the main rope 4 is wound. A stopper having the same function as the stopper 19 is also provided for the hanging pulley 5, the hanging pulley 6, the hanging pulley 7, the drive sheave 8 and the hanging pulley 10.

4 to 6 are views for explaining how the breaking portion 4a of the main rope 4 moves. 4 shows a state in which the car 1 is stopped at the platform of the lowest floor. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the breaking portion 4a is present between the portions of the main rope 4 wound around the pulley 5 suspended from the end of the car compartment. In the state where the cage | basket | car 1 is stopped by the boarding point of the lowest floor, the fracture | rupture part 4a exists in the vicinity of the suspended pulley 5. As shown in FIG.

6 shows a state in which the car 1 is stopped at the platform of the uppermost floor. FIG. 6 shows an example in which the fracture portion 4a is present in the portion of the main rope 4 disposed between the drive sheaves 8 in the hanging pulley 7. In the state where the cage | basket | car 1 is stopped at the boarding point of the uppermost floor, the fracture | rupture part 4a exists in the vicinity of the hanging pulley 7. That is, when the cage | basket | car 1 moves to the platform of the uppermost floor from the platform of the lowest floor, the breaking part 4a passes through the hanging pulley 5, the hanging pulley 6, and the hanging pulley 7 in order. Even if the car 1 moves from the lowest landing to the highest landing, the breaking portion 4a does not pass through the driving sheave 8, the hanging pulley 9, and the hanging pulley 10.

5 shows a state in which the car 1 is moving from the lowest landing to the highest landing. Specifically, FIG. 5 shows a state when the breaking portion 4a passes through the hanging pulley 5. The breaking portion 4a is in contact with the stopper when passing through the suspended pulley 5.

7 and 8 are views showing the output of the sensor signal. In FIG.7 and FIG.8, (a) shows the position of the cage | basket | car 1 when the cage | basket | car 1 traveled between the position P from the lowest floor. The waveforms shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8A are acquired based on the rotation signal from the encoder 18, for example.

In FIG.7 and FIG.8, (b) shows the loading load of the cage | basket | car 1. 7 and 8B are waveforms of the scale signal output from the weighing apparatus 12 when the loading load of the car 1 is w, for example. 7 and 8C show the torque of the hoist 11. The waveforms shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 (c) are output from the hoist 11 when the maximum torque when the car 1 moves from the lowest floor to the position P is T q1 and the minimum torque is -T q2. Is the waveform of the torque signal. 7 and 8 (d) show the acceleration in the vertical direction of the car 1. 7 and 8 (d) show the acceleration signal output from the accelerometer 14 when the car 1 moves from the lowest floor to the position P at the maximum acceleration a 1 and the maximum deceleration a 2 . Waveform.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a waveform when the break 4a is not present in the main rope 4. 8 shows a breakage 4a in the main rope 4, when the breakage 4a passes through any pulley when the car 1 moves from position P 1 to position P 2 . An example of a waveform is shown. The breaking portion 4a contacts the stopper when passing through the pulley. As a result, vibration occurs in the main rope 4 when the breaking portion 4a passes through the pulley. When the cage side end of the main rope 4 is displaced, the scale signal output from the scale apparatus 12 is affected. For this reason, when a vibration generate | occur | produces in the main rope 4, a fluctuation | variation will arise in the scale signal from the scale apparatus 12. As shown in FIG.

Similarly, when the portion wound around the drive sheave 8 of the main rope 4 is displaced, the torque signal output from the hoist 11 is affected. For this reason, when a vibration generate | occur | produces in the main rope 4, a fluctuation will arise in the torque signal from the hoist 11. In addition, when the part wound on the hanging pulley 5 or the part wound on the hanging pulley 6 of the main rope 4 is displaced, the acceleration signal output from the accelerometer 14 is affected. For this reason, when a vibration generate | occur | produces in the main rope 4, a fluctuation | variation will arise in the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14.

9 is an enlarged view of an essential part of FIG. 8. FIG. 9B is an enlarged view of waveforms from time t 1 to time t 2 in FIG. 8B. FIG. 9C is an enlarged view of waveforms from time t 1 to time t 2 in FIG. 8C. FIG. 9 shows an example in which the fracture portion 4a is present between the portion of the main rope 4 wound around the drive sheave 8 from the end of the car side when the fracture portion 4a is in contact with the stopper. 9 shows the breakage portion 4a from the portion where the length of the main rope 4 from the end of the car side to the breakage portion 4a is wound around the drive sheave 8 when the breakage portion 4a contacts the stopper. An example shorter than the length of the main rope 4 is shown.

The vibration generated in the main rope 4 by the breaking portion 4a contacting the stopper propagates from the breaking portion 4a toward the car side end and the guessing end of the main rope 4. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the length of the main rope 4 from the end of the car side to the break 4a is greater than the length of the main rope 4 from the portion wound around the drive sheave 8 to the break 4a. short. For this reason, the variation component of the scale signal resulting from the vibration appears earlier than the variation component of the torque signal. Fig. 9 shows an example in which a torque signal is shown after a time Δt elapses after the variation due to the vibration appears in the scale signal.

It is a figure which shows the structural example of the rupture detection apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the function of the rupture detection apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 11A shows a state where the main rope 4 shown in FIG. 1 is elongated in a straight line. (B)-(d) of FIG. 11 show the position of each pulley with respect to the main rope 4. As shown to FIG. In FIG.11 (b)-(d), the pulley shown by the double circle is a fixed pulley. Pulleys represented by ordinary circles are moving pulleys.

Specifically, FIG. 11B shows the positions of the respective pulleys when the car 1 is stopped at the platform of the lowest floor. FIG. 11C shows the positions of the respective pulleys when the car 1 is stopped at the platform of the uppermost floor. In FIG.11 (c), a black circle shows the position of each pulley when the cage | basket | car 1 stops at the lowest floor. When the cage | basket | car 1 moves to the platform of the uppermost floor from the platform of the lowest floor, each pulley moves with respect to the main rope 4 in the direction of an arrow by the distance of the arrow length which makes a black circle the starting point.

FIG. 11D shows the position of each pulley when the break 4a of the main rope 4 passes through the hanging pulley 5. The breaking portion 4a is in contact with the stopper when passing through the suspended pulley 5. When the break portion 4a contacts the stopper, vibration occurs in the main rope 4. The vibration generated in the main rope 4 propagates from the generated position toward the car side end and the guessed tip of the main rope 4.

The control apparatus 13 is, for example, the variation detector 20, the time detector 21, the position detector 22, the distance calculator 23, the variation determiner 24, the car position detector 25, and the breakage. The determination unit 26, the operation control unit 27, and the notification unit 28 are provided.

10-15, the function and operation | movement of the fracture detection apparatus in this embodiment are demonstrated concretely. 12 is a flowchart showing an example of operation of the breaking detection device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

The variation detector 20 detects a variation of the sensor signal (S101). In this embodiment, the example which employs a scale signal and a torque signal as a sensor signal is demonstrated. In other words, the variation detector 20 detects a variation of the scale signal. In addition, the variation detector 20 detects a variation of the torque signal. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of the function of the variation detector 20.

The variation detection unit 20 calculates the differential value u of the scale signal, for example. Thereby, the high frequency component of a balance signal is extracted. Next, the variation detector 20 calculates the square integral of the calculated differential value u. As a result, the extracted high frequency component is amplified. The variation detection unit 20 performs the same process with respect to the torque signal. The variation detection unit 20 calculates, for example, the square integral of the derivative value u of the torque signal. The method for detecting a change in the sensor signal is not limited to the above example. The variation detection unit 20 may detect a variation of the sensor signal by another method.

The time detector 21 detects the time Δt described with reference to FIG. 9 (S102). In the example shown in this embodiment, the time detection part 21 detects time (DELTA) t based on a scale signal and a torque signal. The balance signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the main rope 4 reaches the support position (first position) of the car side end of the main rope 4. The torque signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the main rope 4 reaches the position (second position) in which the main rope 4 is wound around the drive sheave 8. When the length of the main rope 4 from the breaking portion 4a to the first position is shorter than the length of the main rope 4 from the breaking portion 4a to the second position, the time Δt is applied to the main rope 4. This corresponds to the time taken for the generated vibration to reach the second position after reaching the first position.

The time detector 21 detects, for example, the difference between the time at which the change in the scale signal and the time at which the change in the torque signal occurs as the time Δt. The time detector 21 detects the time Δt based on the variation of the scale signal detected by the variation detector 20 and the variation of the torque signal.

The position detection part 22 detects the position of the breaking part 4a of the main rope 4 (S103). The position detector 22 detects the position of the breaker 4a based on the distance on the main rope 4 at the first position and the second position and the time Δt detected by the time detector 21. For example, the time Δt can be obtained from the following equation.

[Equation 1]

Figure 112018004551851-pct00001

Here, X 1 is the distance on the main rope 4 from the position where vibration is generated to the first position. In the example shown in this embodiment, X 1 is the length of the main rope 4 from the breaking part 4a to the support position of the cage side end. X 2 is the distance on the main rope 4 from the position where vibration is generated to the second position. In the example shown in this embodiment, X 2 is the length of the main rope 4 in the position to the wound around the drive sheave (8) from the breakable portion (4a). Further, X 1 and X 2 is, when vibration occurs in the main rope 4, i.e., a distance on the main rope (4) when the breakable portion (4a) that would have been in contact with the stopper. v is the speed of vibration propagating through the main rope 4. L is the distance on the main rope 4 from the first position to the second position. L = X 1 + X 2 . In the following description, the distance on the main rope 4 is described as "rope distance."

By modifying equation (1), the following equation can be obtained.

[Equation 2]

Figure 112018004551851-pct00002

The speed v already knows. Therefore, when time (DELTA) t and rope distance L are known, the position where a vibration generate | occur | produces, ie, the position of the fracture | rupture part 4a, can be specified.

In the example shown in this Embodiment 1, a 1st position is a support position of the cage side end of the main rope 4. The second position is the position in which the main rope 4 is wound around the drive sheave 8. The main rope 4 is wound around a hanging pulley 5 and a hanging pulley 6 which are moving pulleys. For this reason, the rope distance L changes depending on the position (height) of the hanging pulley 5 and the hanging pulley 6, that is, the position (height) of the car 1. The distance calculating section 23 calculates the rope distance L based on the positions of the hanging pulley 5 and the hanging pulley 6, that is, the position of the car 1. The distance calculating part 23 calculates the position of the cage | basket | car 1 based on the rotation signal from the encoder 18, for example. The position detector 22 calculates the rope distance X 1 based on the rope distance L calculated by the distance calculator 23 and the time Δt detected by the time detector 21. The rope distance L may be constant depending on the sensor signal employed. In such a case, it is not necessary to provide the distance calculating part 23 in the control apparatus 13.

In the case of the break detection device having the above-described structure, the position of the break portion 4a can be detected by a simple structure. As in the prior art, it is not necessary to provide a large number of sensors in the vicinity of the pulley or the pulley in order to specify the position of the breaking portion 4a. It is especially effective in the elevator apparatus of the 2: 1 roping system in which many pulleys are used.

14 is a flowchart showing another operation example of the break detection device. For example, the operation flow shown in FIG. 14 is performed in parallel with the operation flow shown in FIG.

As described in S101 of FIG. 12, the variation detector 20 detects a variation of the sensor signal. The variation detector 20 calculates, for example, the square integral of the derivative value u of the scale signal. In addition, the variation detector 20 calculates, for example, the square integral of the derivative value u of the torque signal.

The variation determining unit 24 determines whether the variation detected by the variation detecting unit 20 has exceeded the threshold (S112). The threshold value for comparing with the variation detected by the variation detecting section 20 is stored in advance in the control device 13. When it is not determined by the variation determination unit 24 that the variation detected by the variation detection unit 20 exceeds the threshold, the operation control unit 27 continues the normal operation (S116). If it is determined by the variation determination unit 24 that the variation detected by the variation detection unit 20 exceeds the threshold, the car position detection unit 25 detects the elevator when the sensor detects the maximum variation under a certain condition. The position is detected (S113).

The break determination unit 26 determines whether or not the break 4a exists in the main rope 4 (S114). The break determination unit 26 performs the determination based on the plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit 25. When it is not determined by the break determination unit 26 that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4, the operation control unit 27 continues the normal operation (S116). For example, when the plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit 25 are in a certain range (reference range), the break determination unit 26 is connected to the main rope 4 at the break unit ( It is determined that 4a) exists (Yes in S114). The reference range is set to a range in which the car position can be regarded as the same position, for example.

When it is determined by the break determination unit 26 that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4, the operation control unit 27 stops the car 1 on the nearest floor (S115). ). The operation control unit 27 may perform another emergency operation. In addition, when it is determined by the break determination unit 26 that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4, the notifying unit 28 notifies the outside (S115). For example, the notification unit 28 repairs the elevator by providing information indicating that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4 and information on the position of the break 4a detected by the position detector 22. Notify the company.

15 is a diagram for explaining an example of the breaking determination function of the control device 13. The car position detecting section 25 is, for example, of a square of the differential value u of the sensor signal value u 2 detects the position of the car when the maximum value of is detected. The car position detection unit 25 performs the detection based on the value u 2 calculated by the variation detection unit 20 and the rotation signal input from the encoder 18. In addition, when the fluctuation determination unit 24 determines that the square integral of the derivative value u of the sensor signal exceeds the threshold, the car position detection unit 25 determines the car position at which the value u 2 becomes the maximum at that time. The control device 13 stores the data.

For example, when the cage | basket | car 1 stops at the reference floor, the variation | detection by the variation | detection part 20 and the cage | basket | car position detection by the cage | basket | car position detection part 25 are initialized. For this reason, each detected value is reset to 0 every time the car 1 stops at the reference floor. The reference layer is set to, for example, the entrance layer, the lowest layer, or the uppermost layer. In this case, if the fluctuation determination unit 24 determines that the squared integral of the derivative value u of the sensor signal exceeds the threshold, the sensor is stopped until the time when the car 1 stops the previous floor to the reference floor. The position of the car when the maximum variation (value u 2 ) is detected is newly stored in the control device 13.

The breaking determination unit 26 determines whether the breaking portion 4a has occurred in the main rope 4 based on the car position stored in the control device 13. The breaking determination unit 26 determines that the breaking portion 4a is present in the main rope 4, for example, when a predetermined number or more of car positions stored in the control device 13 fall within the reference range. . Conditions for determining that the breakage portion 4a is present are appropriately set.

In the break detection device having the above-described configuration, it can be detected by the simple configuration that the break 4a is generated in the main rope 4.

In addition, you may perform fluctuation detection of the sensor signal by the fluctuation detection part 20 only when the cage | basket | car 1 is moving. For example, the variation detector 20 does not calculate the square integral of the derivative value u of the sensor signal while the car 1 is stationary. The time detector 21 performs processing necessary for the detection of time only when the car 1 is moving. With such a configuration, the load on the control device 13 can be reduced.

Moreover, when the car position is memorize | stored in the control apparatus 13 by the square integral of the derivative value u of the sensor signal exceeding a threshold, only in the peripheral section which contains the car position memorize | stored in the control apparatus 13, You may detect the fluctuation of a later sensor signal. With such a configuration, the determination accuracy can be improved by eliminating the influence of environmental factors such as rail friction or sensor noise.

Embodiment 2.

In Embodiment 1, the example which the fluctuation detection part 20 calculates the square integral of the derivative value u of a sensor signal was demonstrated. In this embodiment, an example in which the variation detection unit 20 detects a variation of the sensor signal by another method will be described.

16 is a diagram for explaining an example of the function of the variation detection unit 20. 17 is a diagram for explaining an example of the breaking determination function of the control device 13. The configuration and the function of the failure detection device not disclosed in this embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The winding machine 11 in this embodiment is equipped with the encoder 29 as shown in FIG. The encoder 29 outputs a rotation signal according to the rotation direction and the rotation angle of the drive sheave 8. The rotation signal output from the encoder 29 is input to the control device 13.

The variation detection unit 20 calculates the acceleration in the vertical direction of the car 1 based on the rotation signal output from the encoder 29 of the hoist 11. The variation detection unit 20 may perform the above calculation using a motion equation expressing the stiffness of the main rope 4 and the dynamic characteristics of the elevator. The variation detection unit 20 detects the variation of the acceleration signal output by the accelerometer 14 by comparing the acceleration signal calculated by the accelerometer 14 with the acceleration calculated using the rotation signal output by the encoder 29.

The hoist 11 is provided with an electric motor for driving the drive sheave 8. With respect to the electric motor, control such as canceling the speed fluctuation is performed to improve the riding comfort. By the effect of this speed control, the variation component appearing in the rotation signal from the encoder 29 becomes smaller than the variation component appearing in the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14. As shown in FIG. 16, the variation e of the acceleration signal output by the accelerometer 14 is detected by obtaining the difference e between the acceleration calculated by the encoder 29 and the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14. can do.

In addition, the variation detector 20 calculates the acceleration in the vertical direction of the car 1 using the scale signal from the scale apparatus 12. The variation detection unit 20 detects a change in the scale signal output by the scale apparatus 12 by comparing the acceleration calculated using the rotation signal output by the encoder 29 with the acceleration calculated using the scale signal. By the effect of the speed control by the hoist 11, the fluctuation component shown in the rotation signal from the encoder 29 becomes smaller than the fluctuation component shown in the scale signal from the scale apparatus 12. As shown in FIG. By calculating the difference e between the acceleration calculated using the rotation signal output from the encoder 29 and the acceleration calculated using the balance signal, it is possible to detect a change in the scale signal output by the scale device 12.

The functions of the time detector 21, the distance calculator 23, and the position detector 22 are the same as those described in the first embodiment. In the example shown in this embodiment, the time detection part 21 detects time (DELTA) t based on the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14 and the scale signal from the scale apparatus 12. As shown in FIG. The balance signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the main rope 4 reaches the support position (first position) of the car side end of the main rope 4. The acceleration signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the main rope 4 reaches a position (second position) in which the main rope 4 hangs on the hanging pulley 5 or the hanging pulley 6.

The time detector 21 detects, for example, the time difference between the time at which the change in the acceleration signal occurs and the time at which the change occurs in the scale signal as the time Δt. The time detector 21 detects the time Δt based on the variation of the acceleration signal detected by the variation detector 20 and the variation of the scale signal.

The distance calculator 23 calculates the rope distance between the first position and the second position. The position detector 22 detects the position of the breaker 4a based on the rope distance L calculated by the distance calculator 23 and the time Δt detected by the time detector 21. The rope distance L may be constant depending on the sensor signal employed. In such a case, it is not necessary to provide the distance calculating part 23 in the control apparatus 13.

Even in the case of a break detection device having the above structure, the position of the break portion 4a can be detected by a simple structure. It is especially effective in the elevator apparatus of the 2: 1 roping system in which many pulleys are used.

Moreover, the car position detection part 25 detects the car position when the maximum value of the said difference e is detected. The car position detection unit 25 performs the detection based on the difference e calculated by the variation detection unit 20 and the rotation signal input from the encoder 18. The cage position detection unit 25 causes the control unit 13 to store the cage position at which the difference e becomes the maximum at that time when the variation determination unit 24 determines that the difference e exceeds the threshold.

For example, when the cage | basket | car 1 stops at the reference floor, the variation | detection by the variation | detection part 20 and the cage | basket | car position detection by the cage | basket | car position detection part 25 are initialized. In such a case, if the variation determination unit 24 determines that the difference e exceeds the threshold, the sensor has detected the maximum change (difference e) during the time until the car 1 stops last time on the reference floor. The car position at that time is newly stored in the control device 13.

The breaking determination unit 26 determines whether the breaking portion 4a has occurred in the main rope 4 based on the car position stored in the control device 13. The breaking determination unit 26 determines that the breaking portion 4a is present in the main rope 4, for example, when a predetermined number or more of car positions stored in the control device 13 fall within the reference range. . Conditions for determining that the breakage portion 4a is present are appropriately set.

Even in the case of a break detection device having the above-described structure, it can be detected by the simple structure that the break 4a is generated in the main rope 4.

In addition, you may perform fluctuation detection of the sensor signal by the fluctuation detection part 20 only when the cage | basket | car 1 is moving. Moreover, when the car position is memorize | stored in the control apparatus 13 because the said difference e exceeds the threshold value, it detects the fluctuation of a subsequent sensor signal only in the peripheral section containing the car position memorize | stored in the control apparatus 13. You may carry out.

Embodiment 3.

In Embodiment 1 and 2, the example which determines the presence or absence of the fracture | rupture part 4a using the sensor signal was demonstrated. In this embodiment, an example of the emergency operation performed after the presence of the breaking portion 4a is detected will be described. The control apparatus 13 performs diagnostic operation for reconfirming that the break part 4a exists in the main rope 4 on condition that the cage | basket | car 1 is unmanned as an emergency operation, for example. Do it.

18 is a flowchart showing an example of operation of the breaking detection device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. Processing in S101 of FIG. 18 and S112-S116 is the same as the process described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. FIG. For this reason, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

The variation detector 20 detects a variation of the sensor signal (S101). The variation determining unit 24 determines whether the variation detected by the variation detecting unit 20 has exceeded the threshold (S112). When it is not determined by the variation determination unit 24 that the variation detected by the variation detection unit 20 exceeds the threshold, the operation control unit 27 continues the normal operation (S116). If it is determined by the variation determination unit 24 that the variation detected by the variation detection unit 20 exceeds the threshold, the car position detection unit 25 detects the elevator when the sensor detects the maximum variation under a certain condition. The position is detected (S113).

The break determination unit 26 determines whether or not the break 4a exists in the main rope 4 (S114). The break determination unit 26 performs the above determination based on the plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit 25, for example. When it is not determined by the break determination unit 26 that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4, the operation control unit 27 continues the normal operation (S116). The breaking determination part 26 has the breaking part 4a in the main rope 4, for example, when the some car position detected by the car position detection part 25 is in the reference range. It is determined (Yes of S114).

When it is determined by the break determination unit 26 that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4, the operation control unit 27 stops the car 1 at the latest floor. The operation control unit 27 opens the door when the car 1 is stopped on the latest floor. In addition, when the car 1 is stopped on the last floor, the operation control unit 27 performs an announce to the passengers in the car 1 to prompt the car 1 to be lowered (S127).

Next, the operation control unit 27 determines whether the car 1 is unmanned (S128). The operation control unit 27 determines S128 based on, for example, the scale signal from the scale apparatus 12. The operation control unit 27 may perform the determination based on a signal from another device. For example, a camera is installed in the car 1. The operation control unit 27 may determine whether or not the car 1 is unattended based on the image signal from the camera. If the operation control unit 27 cannot determine that the car 1 is unmanned, an announce for urging the car 1 to be lowered is performed for the passenger in the car 1 (S127).

When the passenger in the cage | basket | car 1 hears an announce and gets out of the cage | basket | car 1, it is determined by the operation control part 27 that the inside of the cage | basket | car 1 is unmanned (Yes of S128). When the operation control unit 27 determines that the car 1 is unattended, the operation control unit 27 closes the door and performs a diagnostic operation (S129). In the diagnostic operation, for example, the car 1 is driven to make one round trip between the lowest floor and the highest floor. In the diagnostic operation, the car 1 may reciprocate a plurality of times between the lowermost floor and the uppermost floor.

When the run of the cage | basket | car 1 is started by S129, the process similar to the process performed by S101 of FIG. 18, and S112-S114 is performed. For example, the break determination unit 26 determines whether or not the break 4a exists in the main rope 4 (S1210). When it is not determined by the break determining unit 26 that the break 4a exists in the main rope 4 (No in S1210), the operation control unit 27 ends the diagnostic operation and returns to normal operation ( S1211).

The breaking determination part 26 has the breaking part 4a in the main rope 4, for example, when the some car position detected by the car position detection part 25 is in the reference range. It is determined to perform the operation (Yes in S1210). When it is determined by the break determination unit 26 that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4, the operation control unit 27 stops the car 1 at the latest floor. In addition, when it is determined by the break determination unit 26 that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4, the notifying unit 28 notifies the outside (S115). For example, the notification unit 28 repairs the elevator by providing information indicating that the break 4a is present in the main rope 4 and information on the position of the break 4a detected by the position detector 22. Notify the company.

In the case of the breaking detection device having the above-described configuration, the detection accuracy of the breaking portion 4a generated in the main rope 4 can be improved. For example, the change in the sensor signal is also caused by the movement of the passenger in the car 1. In the example shown in this embodiment, since the diagnostic operation for reconfirming the existence of the fracture | rupture part 4a is performed in the state in which the cage | basket | car 1 is unmanned, false detection resulting from operation of a passenger can be prevented.

In addition, the reciprocation of the elevator control 1 performed by diagnostic operation is not limited between the lowest floor and the highest floor. For example, the position detection part 22 may specify the position of the fracture | rupture part 4a which presence was detected in S114, and may drive the car 1 back and forth so that a pulley may pass through the specified position. For example, the pulley may reciprocate the car 1 only between specific floors through which the break 4a passes. With such a configuration, the time required for the diagnostic operation can be shortened.

In Embodiments 1-3, the torque detection function and the accelerometer 14 of the scale apparatus 12 and the hoist 11 were illustrated as a sensor by which the output signal fluctuates by the vibration which generate | occur | produced in the main rope 4. The sensor is not limited to these. For example, a device similar to the weighing device 12 may be provided at the end of the guessing of the main rope 4.

In the first to third embodiments, the main rope 4 of the elevator is exemplified as a rope for detecting the position of the break and its occurrence. The rope is not limited to this. For example, the breaking detection of another rope used in an elevator may be performed by the breaking detection apparatus of the said structure. In addition, the breaking detection of the rope used other than an elevator may be performed by the breaking detection apparatus of the said structure.

Each part shown by the code | symbol 20-28 shows the function which the control apparatus 13 has. 19 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the control device 13. As the hardware resource, the control device 13 includes a circuit including, for example, an input / output interface 30, a processor 31, and a memory 32. The control device 13 executes the program stored in the memory 32 by the processor 31, thereby realizing each function of each part 20 to 28. You may implement | achieve a part or all part of each function which each part 20-28 has by hardware.

In addition, the functions of parts 20 to 28 may be realized by executing a program in a calculator on the cloud. In this case, the result obtained by each part 20-28 is transmitted to the control apparatus 13 through a network, communication, etc. The control device 13 may perform the required operation based on the received information.

[Industry availability]

The break detection device according to the present invention can be applied to a device using a rope.

1: car 2: lift
3: counterweight 4: main rope
4a: Break 5: Hanging Pulley
6: Hanging Pulley 7: Hanging Pulley
8: driven sheave 9: hanging pulley
10: Hanging Pulley 11: Hoist
12: balance unit 13: control unit
14: accelerometer 15: governor
16: governing rope 17: governing sheave
18: Encoder 19: Stopper
20: variation detector 21: time detector
22: position detector 23: distance calculator
24: variation determination unit 25: car position detection unit
26: break determination unit 27: operation control unit
28: notification unit 29: encoder
30: I / O interface 31: Processor
32: memory

Claims (12)

A first sensor which causes an output signal to fluctuate when the vibration generated in the rope reaches the first position of the rope by contacting the stopper of the rope which hangs the car of the elevator to the hoistway;
A second sensor in which the output signal fluctuates when the breakage portion of the rope contacts the stopper when the vibration generated in the rope reaches a second position wound around the drive sheave of the rope;
Based on the output signal from the first sensor and the output signal from the second sensor, a time for detecting the time from the vibration generated in the rope to the first position after reaching the second position Detection unit,
A distance calculating unit for obtaining a rope distance from the first position to the second position, which changes according to the position of the car, based on the position of the car;
An elevator rope breaking detection device having a position detecting unit that calculates the length of the rope from the breaking portion of the rope to the first position based on the rope distance and the time detected by the time detecting unit. . A first sensor in which the output signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the rope hanging the car of the elevator to the hoist reaches the first position of the rope,
A second sensor to which the output signal changes when the vibration generated in the rope reaches the second position of the rope,
A fluctuation detector for detecting a fluctuation of an output signal from the first sensor and the second sensor;
A variation determination unit that determines whether or not the variation detected by the variation detection unit has exceeded a threshold value;
A car position detecting unit for detecting a car position when the first sensor or the second sensor detects a maximum change when the change is determined by the variation determining unit that the variation exceeds a threshold;
A break determination unit that determines whether a break exists in the rope based on a plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit;
Based on the output signal from the first sensor and the output signal from the second sensor, a time for detecting the time from the vibration generated in the rope to the first position after reaching the second position Detection unit,
Breaking detection device provided with a position detection unit for detecting the position of the breaking portion of the rope based on the rope distance of the first position and the second position and the time detected by the time detector. The method according to claim 2,
The rope is wound on a fixed pulley and a movable pulley provided in the elevator,
At least one of the said 1st position and the said 2nd position is a failure detection apparatus in which the rope distance from the edge part of the said rope changes according to a car position. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
The output signal from the first sensor and the second sensor is a torque signal from a hoist having a drive sheave wound around the rope, a scale signal from a weighing device for detecting a loading load of the car, or the car. Break detection device which is an acceleration signal from provided accelerometer. The method according to claim 2 or 3,
In the case where it is determined by the break determining unit that a break is present in the rope, the operation control unit further includes a motion control unit for performing a diagnostic operation in an unmanned state of the car,
In the diagnostic operation, the car breaks so that the pulley on which the rope is wound passes through the position of the break detected by the position detector. The method according to claim 3,
Based on the position of the pulley, the distance calculation unit for calculating the rope distance of the first position and the second position is further provided,
And the position detecting unit detects the position of the breaking portion of the rope based on the rope distance calculated by the distance calculating unit and the time detected by the time detecting unit. The method according to claim 6,
The movable pulley is provided in the car of the elevator,
And the distance calculating unit calculates a rope distance between the first position and the second position based on the position of the car. The method according to claim 2,
The time detection unit is a failure detection device that performs a process necessary for detection of time when the car is moving. The method according to claim 2,
The rope is wound on the drive sheave of the hoist,
The variation detection unit compares the acceleration of the car calculated by using the rotation signal output by the encoder of the hoist and the acceleration of the car calculated by using the output signal from the first sensor. Break detection device for detecting a change in the output signal from the. delete delete delete
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