JP6436238B2 - Break detection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a break detection device.

  Various ropes are used for the elevator apparatus. For example, an elevator car is suspended from a hoistway by a main rope. The main rope is wound around a pulley such as a driving sheave of the hoist. The main rope gradually deteriorates due to repeated bending deformation. When the main rope deteriorates, the strands constituting the main rope break. The strand in which the strands are twisted may break. Moreover, the breakage of the strands or the breakage of the strand also occurs when a foreign object is caught between the main rope and the pulley.

  The broken strand or strand protrudes from the surface of the main rope. For this reason, if the elevator is operated in a state where the strands or strands are broken, the broken strands or strands may come into contact with the equipment provided in the hoistway.

  Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe an elevator apparatus. In the elevator apparatus described in Patent Document 1, a rope guide is provided on the driving sheave of the hoisting machine. Further, the vibration of the rope guide is detected by a sensor. Based on the vibration detected by the sensor, it is detected that the strand or the strand is broken.

  In the elevator apparatus described in Patent Document 2, a sensor for detecting a rope abnormality is provided in the vicinity of the driving sheave. The sensor includes a detection member that is displaced by contact with a broken strand or strand.

Japanese Patent No. 5203339 Japanese Patent No. 4,896,692

  In the elevator apparatus, the range through which the main rope passes (contacts) is predetermined for each pulley. For example, a certain range of the main rope passes through the drive sheave. The portion that passes through the drive sheave does not necessarily pass through the suspended suspension wheel. For this reason, if it is going to detect the break of a strand or the break of a strand using the sensor described in patent documents 1 or 2, it is necessary to attach a sensor near the plurality of pulleys around which the main rope was wound. For example, when a sensor is mounted in the vicinity of a suspension car of a counterweight, a signal line must be laid between the counterweight and the control device. There is a problem that a large number of sensors are required and a signal line has to be drawn from each sensor, resulting in a complicated configuration. In particular, in the 2: 1 roping type elevator apparatus in which a large number of pulleys are used, the above problem becomes significant.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems. An object of the present invention is to provide a breakage detection device capable of detecting a breakage position of a strand or a strand with a simple configuration .

The break detection device according to the present invention includes a first sensor in which an output signal fluctuates when vibration generated in a rope reaches a first position of the rope due to the broken portion of the rope coming into contact with the stopper, and the rope breaks. A second sensor whose output signal fluctuates when vibration generated in the rope reaches the second position of the rope due to the contact of the part with the stopper, an output signal from the first sensor, and an output signal from the second sensor And a time detection unit that detects a time from when the vibration generated in the rope reaches the first position until it reaches the second position, and a rope distance between the first position and the second position and a time detection unit. And a position detection unit that detects the position of the broken part of the rope based on the time detected by.

With the break detection device according to the present invention, the break position of the wire or the strand can be detected with a simple configuration .

It is a figure which shows the structure of an elevator apparatus typically. It is a perspective view which shows a return wheel. It is a figure which shows the cross section of a return wheel. It is a figure for demonstrating a mode that the fracture | rupture part of a main rope moves. It is a figure for demonstrating a mode that the fracture | rupture part of a main rope moves. It is a figure for demonstrating a mode that the fracture | rupture part of a main rope moves. It is a figure which shows the output of a sensor signal. It is a figure which shows the output of a sensor signal. It is the figure which expanded the principal part of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the fracture | rupture detection apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the function of the fracture | rupture detection apparatus shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the fracture | rupture detection apparatus in Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the function of a fluctuation | variation detection part. It is a flowchart which shows the other operation example of a fracture | rupture detection apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the fracture determination function of a control apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating the function of a fluctuation | variation detection part. It is a figure for demonstrating an example of the fracture determination function of a control apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the operation example of the fracture | rupture detection apparatus in Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of a control apparatus.

  The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The overlapping description will be simplified or omitted as appropriate. In each figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of an elevator apparatus. First, the configuration of the elevator apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.

  The car 1 moves up and down the hoistway 2. The hoistway 2 is, for example, a space formed in a building and extending vertically. The counterweight 3 moves up and down the hoistway 2. The car 1 and the counterweight 3 are suspended from the hoistway 2 by the main rope 4. The roping method for suspending the car 1 and the counterweight 3 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. For example, the car 1 and the counterweight 3 may be suspended from the hoistway 2 by 1: 1 roping. Hereinafter, an example in which the car 1 and the counterweight 3 are suspended by 2: 1 roping will be specifically described.

  One end of the main rope 4 is supported by the fixed body of the hoistway 2. For example, one end of the main rope 4 is supported by a fixed body provided at the top of the hoistway 2. The main rope 4 extends downward from one end. The main rope 4 is wound around the suspension wheel 5, the suspension vehicle 6, the return wheel 7, the driving sheave 8, the return wheel 9, and the suspension wheel 10 sequentially from one end side. The main rope 4 extends upward from the suspension wheel 10. The other end of the main rope 4 is supported by the fixed body of the hoistway 2. For example, the other end of the main rope 4 is supported by a fixed body provided at the top of the hoistway 2.

  In the following description, the one end portion close to the car 1 among the end portions of the main rope 4 is referred to as a car-side terminal. The other end close to the counterweight 3 is called a weight side terminal.

  The car 5 and the car 6 are provided in the car 1. The suspension vehicle 5 and the suspension vehicle 6 are installed, for example, in a rotatable state at the lower part of the car floor. The return wheel 7 and the return wheel 9 are installed in a rotatable state at the top of the hoistway 2, for example. The driving sheave 8 is provided in the hoisting machine 11. The hoisting machine 11 is provided in the pit of the hoistway 2, for example. The suspension vehicle 10 is provided on the counterweight 3. The suspension vehicle 10 is installed in a rotatable state on an upper portion of a frame that supports a weight, for example.

  The arrangement of the pulley around which the main rope 4 is wound is not limited to the example shown in FIG. For example, the drive sheave 8 may be disposed in the top of the hoistway 2 or in a machine room (not shown) above the hoistway 2.

  The scale device 12 detects the loaded load of the car 1. The scale device 12 detects the load of the car 1 based on, for example, the load applied to the car side terminal of the main rope 4. The scale device 12 outputs a scale signal corresponding to the detected load. The scale signal output from the scale device 12 is input to the control device 13.

  The accelerometer 14 detects the acceleration of the car 1. The car 1 is guided by a guide rail (not shown) and moves in the vertical direction. For this reason, the accelerometer 14 detects the vertical acceleration of the car 1. The accelerometer 14 is provided in the car 1, for example. The accelerometer 14 outputs an acceleration signal corresponding to the detected acceleration. The acceleration signal output from the accelerometer 14 is input to the control device 13.

  The hoisting machine 11 has a function of detecting torque. The hoisting machine 11 outputs a torque signal corresponding to the detected torque. The torque signal output from the hoisting machine 11 is input to the control device 13.

  When the descending speed of the car 1 exceeds the reference speed, the governor 15 stops the car 1 by operating an emergency stop (not shown). The governor 15 includes a governor rope 16, a governor sheave 17, and an encoder 18, for example. The speed control rope 16 is wound around the speed control sheave 17 and moves in conjunction with the car 1. When the speed control rope 16 moves, the speed control sheave 17 rotates. The encoder 18 outputs a rotation signal corresponding to the rotation direction and rotation angle of the governing sheave 17. The rotation signal output from the encoder 18 is input to the control device 13.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the return wheel 9. FIG. 3 is a view showing a cross section of the return wheel 9. A stopper 19 is provided on a member that supports the return wheel 9. The stopper 19 prevents the main rope 4 from coming off the groove of the return wheel 9. For example, the stopper 19 faces the portion of the main rope 4 wound around the groove of the return wheel 9 with a slight gap. If there is no abnormality in the main rope 4, the main rope 4 does not contact the stopper 19.

  2 and 3 show a state in which the strands constituting the main rope 4 or the strands in which the strands are joined are broken. In the following description, the portion of the main rope 4 where the strands or strands are broken is referred to as a broken portion 4a. The fracture | rupture part 4a protrudes from the surface of the main rope 4 as shown in FIG.2 and FIG.3. For this reason, when the car 1 moves, the breaking portion 4 a comes into contact with the stopper 19 when passing through the return wheel 9.

  2 and 3 show a return wheel 9 as an example of a pulley around which the main rope 4 is wound. The suspension wheel 5, the suspension vehicle 6, the return wheel 7, the driving sheave 8, and the suspension wheel 10 are also provided with a detent having the same function as the detent 19.

  4-6 is a figure for demonstrating a mode that the fracture | rupture part 4a of the main rope 4 moves. FIG. 4 shows a state where the car 1 is stopped at the lowest floor landing. FIG. 4 shows an example in which a broken portion 4 a exists between portions of the main rope 4 wound around the suspension vehicle 5 from the car-side terminal. In a state where the car 1 is stopped at the landing on the lowermost floor, the breaking portion 4a exists in the vicinity of the suspension wheel 5.

  FIG. 6 shows a state where the car 1 is stopped at the landing on the top floor. FIG. 6 shows an example in which a broken portion 4 a exists in a portion of the main rope 4 disposed between the return wheel 7 and the drive sheave 8. In a state where the car 1 is stopped at the landing on the top floor, the broken portion 4 a exists in the vicinity of the return wheel 7. That is, when the car 1 moves from the lowest floor landing to the top floor landing, the breaking portion 4a sequentially passes through the suspension car 5, the suspension car 6, and the return wheel 7. Even if the car 1 moves from the lowest floor landing to the top floor landing, the breaking portion 4a does not pass through the driving sheave 8, the return wheel 9, and the suspension wheel 10.

  FIG. 5 shows a state where the car 1 is moving from the lowest floor hall to the top floor hall. Specifically, FIG. 5 shows a state when the fractured portion 4 a is passing through the suspension wheel 5. The breaking portion 4 a contacts the stopper when passing through the suspension wheel 5.

  7 and 8 are diagrams showing the output of the sensor signal. 7 and 8, (a) shows the position of the car 1 when the car 1 travels between the positions P from the lowest floor. The waveform shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8A is acquired based on, for example, a rotation signal from the encoder 18.

7 and 8, (b) shows the loading load of the car 1. The waveform shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8B is a waveform of a scale signal output from, for example, the scale device 12 when the load of the car 1 is w. (C) of FIG.7 and FIG.8 shows the torque of the winding machine 11. FIG. The waveforms shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8C are output from the hoisting machine 11 when the maximum torque when the car 1 moves from the lowest floor to the position P is T _q1 and the minimum torque is −T _q2. It is the waveform of the torque signal made. FIG. 7 and FIG. 8D show the vertical acceleration of the car 1. The waveforms shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8D show the acceleration signal output from the accelerometer 14 when the car 1 moves between the position P from the lowest floor with the maximum acceleration a ₁ and the maximum deceleration a ₂ . It is a waveform.

FIG. 7 shows an example of a waveform when the main rope 4 does not have the fracture portion 4a. 8, there are breaks 4a in the main ropes 4 shows an example of the waveform as it passes through the pulley is broken portion 4a when the car 1 moves between the positions P ₂ from the position P _1. The breaking part 4a contacts the stopper when passing through the pulley. Thereby, when the fracture | rupture part 4a passes a pulley, a vibration generate | occur | produces in the main rope 4. FIG. When the car side terminal of the main rope 4 is displaced, the scale signal output from the scale device 12 is affected. For this reason, when vibration occurs in the main rope 4, the scale signal from the scale device 12 varies.

  Similarly, when the portion of the main rope 4 wound around the driving sheave 8 is displaced, the torque signal output from the hoisting machine 11 is affected. For this reason, when vibration occurs in the main rope 4, the torque signal from the hoisting machine 11 varies. Further, when the portion of the main rope 4 wound around the suspension vehicle 5 or the portion wound around the suspension vehicle 6 is displaced, the acceleration signal output from the accelerometer 14 is affected. For this reason, when vibration occurs in the main rope 4, the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14 varies.

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. FIG. 9B is an enlarged view of the waveform from time t ₁ to time t ₂ in FIG. 8B. (C) in FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a waveform from time _{t 1} to time _{t 2} of FIG. 8 (c). FIG. 9 shows an example in which the rupture portion 4a exists between the portions of the main rope 4 wound around the drive sheave 8 from the car side terminal when the rupture portion 4a comes into contact with the stopper. Further, FIG. 9 shows that the length of the main rope 4 from the car-side end to the breaking portion 4a when the breaking portion 4a comes into contact with the stopper is from the portion wound around the driving sheave 8 to the breaking portion 4a. An example shorter than the length of the main rope 4 is shown.

  The vibration generated in the main rope 4 due to the broken portion 4a coming into contact with the stopper is propagated from the broken portion 4a toward the car side terminal and the weight side terminal of the main rope 4. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the length of the main rope 4 from the car-side end to the breaking portion 4a is shorter than the length of the main rope 4 from the portion wound around the drive sheave 8 to the breaking portion 4a. For this reason, the fluctuation component of the scale signal due to the vibration appears earlier than the fluctuation component of the torque signal. FIG. 9 shows an example in which the fluctuation due to the vibration appears in the torque signal after the time Δt has elapsed since the fluctuation signal appears in the scale signal.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the breakage detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the function of the breakage detection apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 11A shows a state in which the main rope 4 shown in FIG. 1 is extended in a straight line. FIGS. 11B to 11D show the positions of the pulleys with respect to the main rope 4. In (b) to (d) of FIG. 11, a pulley indicated by a double circle is a fixed pulley. A pulley indicated by a normal circle is a moving pulley.

  Specifically, FIG. 11B shows the position of each pulley when the car 1 is stopped at the landing on the lowest floor. FIG. 11C shows the position of each pulley when the car 1 is stopped at the landing on the top floor. In FIG.11 (c), a black circle shows the position of each pulley when the cage | basket | car 1 has stopped on the lowest floor. When the car 1 moves from the lowermost landing to the uppermost landing, each pulley moves in the direction of the arrow with respect to the main rope 4 by the distance of the length of the arrow starting from the black circle to the black circle.

  (D) of FIG. 11 shows the position of each pulley when the fracture | rupture part 4a of the main rope 4 passes the suspension vehicle 5. FIG. The breaking portion 4 a contacts the stopper when passing through the suspension wheel 5. When the broken portion 4a comes into contact with the stopper, the main rope 4 is vibrated. The vibration generated in the main rope 4 propagates from the generation position toward the car side terminal and the weight side terminal of the main rope 4.

  The control device 13 includes, for example, a fluctuation detection unit 20, a time detection unit 21, a position detection unit 22, a distance calculation unit 23, a fluctuation determination unit 24, a car position detection unit 25, a break determination unit 26, an operation control unit 27, and a notification unit 28. Is provided.

  Hereinafter, the function and operation of the breakage detection apparatus according to the present embodiment will be specifically described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the breakage detection apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  The fluctuation detector 20 detects fluctuations in the sensor signal (S101). In this embodiment, an example in which a scale signal and a torque signal are employed as sensor signals will be described. That is, the fluctuation detection unit 20 detects a fluctuation of the scale signal. Moreover, the fluctuation | variation detection part 20 detects the fluctuation | variation of a torque signal. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining an example of the function of the fluctuation detection unit 20.

  The fluctuation detector 20 calculates a differential value u of the scale signal, for example. Thereby, the high frequency component of the scale signal is extracted. Next, the fluctuation detecting unit 20 calculates a square integral value of the calculated differential value u. Thereby, the extracted high frequency component is amplified. The fluctuation detection unit 20 performs the same process on the torque signal. The fluctuation detection unit 20 calculates, for example, a square integral value of the differential value u of the torque signal. The method for detecting the fluctuation of the sensor signal is not limited to the above example. The fluctuation detection unit 20 may detect fluctuations in the sensor signal by other methods.

  The time detector 21 detects the time Δt described with reference to FIG. 9 (S102). In the example shown in the present embodiment, the time detector 21 detects the time Δt based on the scale signal and the torque signal. The scale signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the main rope 4 reaches the support position (first position) of the car-side terminal of the main rope 4. The torque signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the main rope 4 reaches a position (second position) where the main rope 4 is wound around the drive sheave 8. When the length of the main rope 4 from the breaking portion 4a to the first position is shorter than the length of the main rope 4 from the breaking portion 4a to the second position, the vibration generated in the main rope 4 is at the first position for the time Δt. This corresponds to the time taken from reaching the second position.

  For example, the time detection unit 21 detects the difference between the time when the fluctuation occurs in the scale signal and the time when the fluctuation occurs in the torque signal as the time Δt. The time detection unit 21 detects the time Δt based on the change in the scale signal detected by the change detection unit 20 and the change in the torque signal.

  The position detection unit 22 detects the position of the broken portion 4a of the main rope 4 (S103). The position detection unit 22 detects the position of the breaking portion 4a based on the distance between the first position and the second position on the main rope 4 and the time Δt detected by the time detection unit 21. For example, the time Δt can be obtained by the following equation.

Wherein, X ₁ is a distance in the main ropes 4 to the first position from the generation position of the vibration. In the example described in this embodiment, X ₁ is a length of the main ropes 4 to the supporting position of the breaking portion 4a Karakago terminal. X ₂ is a distance in the main ropes 4 to the second position from the generation position of the vibration. In the example shown in this embodiment, X ₂ is the length of the main ropes 4 from the broken part 4a to wound around a position on the drive sheave 8. X ₁ and X ₂ are distances on the main rope 4 when vibration occurs in the main rope 4, that is, when the fracture portion 4 a comes into contact with the stopper. v is the speed of vibration propagating through the main rope 4. L is the distance on the main rope 4 from the first position to the second position. L = X ₁ + X ₂ . In the following description, the distance on the main rope 4 is expressed as “rope distance”.

  By transforming equation (1), the following equation can be obtained.

  The speed v is known. Therefore, if the time Δt and the rope distance L are known, the vibration generation position, that is, the position of the fracture portion 4a can be specified.

In the example shown in the first embodiment, the first position is a support position of the car-side terminal of the main rope 4. The second position is a position where the main rope 4 is wound around the driving sheave 8. The main rope 4 is wound around a suspension wheel 5 and a suspension wheel 6 which are moving pulleys. For this reason, the rope distance L changes according to the position (height) of the suspension vehicle 5 and the suspension vehicle 6, that is, the position (height) of the car 1. The distance calculation unit 23 calculates the rope distance L based on the positions of the suspension vehicle 5 and the suspension vehicle 6, that is, the position of the car 1. The distance calculation unit 23 calculates the position of the car 1 based on, for example, a rotation signal from the encoder 18. The position detector 22 calculates the rope distance X ₁ based on the rope distance L calculated by the distance calculator 23 and the time Δt detected by the time detector 21. Note that the rope distance L may be constant depending on the sensor signal employed. In such a case, it is not necessary to provide the distance calculation unit 23 in the control device 13.

  If it is a fracture | rupture detection apparatus which has the said structure, the position of the fracture | rupture part 4a can be detected with a simple structure. As in the prior art, it is not necessary to install a large number of sensors in the pulley or in the vicinity of the pulley in order to specify the position of the fracture portion 4a. This is particularly effective in a 2: 1 roping type elevator apparatus in which a large number of pulleys are used.

  FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing another operation example of the breakage detection apparatus. For example, the operation flow shown in FIG. 14 is performed in parallel with the operation flow shown in FIG.

  As described in S101 of FIG. 12, the fluctuation detection unit 20 detects fluctuations in the sensor signal. The fluctuation detection unit 20 calculates, for example, a square integral value of the differential value u of the scale signal. Moreover, the fluctuation | variation detection part 20 calculates the square integral value of the differential value u of a torque signal, for example.

  The fluctuation determination unit 24 determines whether or not the fluctuation detected by the fluctuation detection unit 20 exceeds a threshold value (S112). A threshold for comparison with the fluctuation detected by the fluctuation detector 20 is stored in the control device 13 in advance. If the fluctuation detected by the fluctuation detector 20 exceeds the threshold and is not determined by the fluctuation determiner 24, the operation controller 27 continues normal operation (S116). When the fluctuation detection unit 24 determines that the fluctuation detected by the fluctuation detection unit 20 exceeds the threshold, the car position detection unit 25 detects the car position when the sensor detects the maximum fluctuation under a certain condition. Is detected (S113).

  The break determination unit 26 determines whether or not the break portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 (S114). The break determination unit 26 performs the above determination based on a plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit 25. When the break determination unit 26 does not determine that the main rope 4 has the broken portion 4a, the operation control unit 27 continues the normal operation (S116). The break determination unit 26 determines, for example, that the break portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 when a plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit 25 are within a certain range (reference range) ( Yes in S114). The reference range is set to a range in which the car position can be regarded as the same position, for example.

  When it is determined by the break determination unit 26 that the main rope 4 has the break portion 4a, the operation control unit 27 stops the car 1 at the nearest floor (S115). The operation control unit 27 may perform other emergency operations. Moreover, if the fracture | rupture determination part 26 determines that the fracture | rupture part 4a exists in the main rope 4, the reporting part 28 will report to the exterior (S115). For example, the reporting unit 28 reports to the elevator maintenance company information indicating that the broken portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 and information on the position of the broken portion 4a detected by the position detecting unit 22.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining an example of the break determination function of the control device 13. The car position detection unit 25 detects the car position when the maximum value is detected among the values u ^{2 obtained} by squaring the differential value u of the sensor signal, for example. The car position detection unit 25 performs the above detection based on the value u ² calculated by the fluctuation detection unit 20 and the rotation signal input from the encoder 18. Also, car position detection unit 25, the square integral value of the differential value u of the sensor signal is determined by a variation determination unit 24 exceeds the threshold value, the controller your location or value u ² becomes maximum at the time 13 is stored.

For example, when the car 1 stops at the reference floor, the fluctuation detection by the fluctuation detection unit 20 and the car position detection by the car position detection unit 25 are initialized. For this reason, each time the car 1 stops at the reference floor, the above detection values are reset to zero. The reference floor is set to, for example, the entrance floor, the bottom floor, or the top floor. In such a case, if the change determination unit 24 determines that the square integral value of the differential value u of the sensor signal exceeds the threshold value, the sensor is at its maximum between the last stop of the car 1 at the reference floor and the time point. The position of the car when the change (value u ² ) is detected is newly stored in the control device 13.

  The break determination unit 26 determines whether the break portion 4 a has occurred in the main rope 4 based on the car position stored in the control device 13. The break determination unit 26 determines, for example, that the break portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 if a certain number or more of the car positions stored in the control device 13 are within the reference range. Conditions for determining the presence of the fracture portion 4a are set as appropriate.

  With the breakage detection device having the above-described configuration, it is possible to detect with a simple configuration that the breakage portion 4a has occurred in the main rope 4.

  Note that the variation detection of the sensor signal by the variation detection unit 20 may be performed only when the car 1 is moving. For example, the fluctuation detection unit 20 does not calculate the square integral value of the differential value u of the sensor signal while the car 1 is stopped. The time detection unit 21 performs processing necessary for time detection only when the car 1 is moving. With this configuration, the load on the control device 13 can be reduced.

  In addition, when the car position is stored in the control device 13 because the square integral value of the differential value u of the sensor signal exceeds the threshold value, only in the peripheral section including the car position stored in the control device 13, Sensor signal fluctuation detection may be performed. With such a configuration, the influence of environmental factors such as rail friction or sensor noise can be eliminated, and the determination accuracy can be improved.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the first embodiment, the example in which the fluctuation detection unit 20 calculates the square integral value of the differential value u of the sensor signal has been described. In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which the fluctuation detection unit 20 detects the fluctuation of the sensor signal by another method.

  FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an example of the function of the fluctuation detection unit 20. FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining an example of the break determination function of the control device 13. The configuration and function of the break detection device not disclosed in the present embodiment are the same as the configuration and function disclosed in the first embodiment.

  The hoisting machine 11 in the present embodiment includes an encoder 29 as shown in FIG. The encoder 29 outputs a rotation signal corresponding to the rotation direction and rotation angle of the drive sheave 8. The rotation signal output from the encoder 29 is input to the control device 13.

  The fluctuation detector 20 calculates the vertical acceleration of the car 1 based on the rotation signal output from the encoder 29 of the hoisting machine 11. The fluctuation detection unit 20 may perform the above calculation using an equation of motion expressing the rigidity of the main rope 4 and the dynamic characteristics of the elevator. The fluctuation detection unit 20 detects the fluctuation of the acceleration signal output from the accelerometer 14 by comparing the acceleration calculated using the rotation signal output from the encoder 29 with the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14.

  The hoisting machine 11 includes an electric motor for driving the driving sheave 8. In order to improve riding comfort, the electric motor is controlled so as to cancel out speed fluctuations. Due to the effect of such speed control, the fluctuation component appearing in the rotation signal from the encoder 29 becomes smaller than the fluctuation component appearing in the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14. As shown in FIG. 16, the fluctuation of the acceleration signal output from the accelerometer 14 is detected by obtaining the difference e between the acceleration calculated using the rotation signal output from the encoder 29 and the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14. be able to.

  Further, the fluctuation detection unit 20 calculates the vertical acceleration of the car 1 using the scale signal from the scale device 12. The fluctuation detection unit 20 detects the fluctuation of the scale signal output from the scale device 12 by comparing the acceleration calculated using the rotation signal output from the encoder 29 and the acceleration calculated using the scale signal. Due to the effect of speed control by the hoisting machine 11, the fluctuation component appearing in the rotation signal from the encoder 29 is smaller than the fluctuation component appearing in the scale signal from the scale device 12. By obtaining a difference e between the acceleration calculated using the rotation signal output from the encoder 29 and the acceleration calculated using the scale signal, the fluctuation of the scale signal output from the scale device 12 can be detected.

  The functions of the time detection unit 21, the distance calculation unit 23, and the position detection unit 22 are the same as the functions disclosed in the first embodiment. In the example shown in the present embodiment, the time detection unit 21 detects the time Δt based on the acceleration signal from the accelerometer 14 and the scale signal from the scale device 12. The scale signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the main rope 4 reaches the support position (first position) of the car-side terminal of the main rope 4. The acceleration signal fluctuates when the vibration generated in the main rope 4 reaches a position (second position) where the main rope 4 is wound around the suspension vehicle 5 or the suspension vehicle 6.

  For example, the time detection unit 21 detects the difference between the time when the fluctuation occurs in the acceleration signal and the time when the fluctuation occurs in the scale signal as the time Δt. The time detection unit 21 detects the time Δt based on the change in the acceleration signal detected by the change detection unit 20 and the change in the scale signal.

  The distance calculator 23 calculates the rope distance between the first position and the second position. The position detection unit 22 detects the position of the breaking portion 4 a based on the rope distance L calculated by the distance calculation unit 23 and the time Δt detected by the time detection unit 21. Note that the rope distance L may be constant depending on the sensor signal employed. In such a case, it is not necessary to provide the distance calculation unit 23 in the control device 13.

  Even in the break detection device having the above configuration, the position of the break portion 4a can be detected with a simple configuration. This is particularly effective in a 2: 1 roping type elevator apparatus in which a large number of pulleys are used.

  The car position detector 25 detects the car position when the maximum value of the differences e is detected. The car position detection unit 25 performs the above detection based on the difference e calculated by the variation detection unit 20 and the rotation signal input from the encoder 18. When the change e is determined by the variation determination unit 24 when the difference e exceeds the threshold, the car position detection unit 25 causes the control device 13 to store the car position at which the difference e is maximum.

  For example, when the car 1 stops at the reference floor, the fluctuation detection by the fluctuation detection unit 20 and the car position detection by the car position detection unit 25 are initialized. In such a case, when the difference e exceeds the threshold, when the change is determined by the change determination unit 24, when the sensor detects the maximum change (difference e) between the time when the car 1 was last stopped on the reference floor and until that time. The car position is newly stored in the control device 13.

  The break determination unit 26 determines whether the break portion 4 a has occurred in the main rope 4 based on the car position stored in the control device 13. The break determination unit 26 determines, for example, that the break portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 if a certain number or more of the car positions stored in the control device 13 are within the reference range. Conditions for determining the presence of the fracture portion 4a are set as appropriate.

  Even if it is a fracture | rupture detection apparatus which has the said structure, it can detect with the simple structure that the fracture | rupture part 4a generate | occur | produced in the main rope 4. FIG.

  Note that the variation detection of the sensor signal by the variation detection unit 20 may be performed only when the car 1 is moving. In addition, when the car position is stored in the control device 13 because the difference e exceeds the threshold value, the subsequent sensor signal fluctuation detection is performed only in the peripheral section including the car position stored in the control device 13. May be.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
In Embodiment 1 and 2, the example which determines the presence or absence of the fracture | rupture part 4a using a sensor signal was demonstrated. In the present embodiment, an example of an emergency operation performed after the presence of the fracture portion 4a is detected will be described. For example, as an emergency operation, the control device 13 performs a diagnostic operation for reconfirming that the broken portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 on the condition that the inside of the car 1 is unmanned.

  FIG. 18 is a flowchart showing an operation example of the breakage detection apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. The processes in S101 and S112 to S116 in FIG. 18 are the same as the processes disclosed in the first or second embodiment. For this reason, detailed description is omitted as appropriate.

  The fluctuation detector 20 detects fluctuations in the sensor signal (S101). The fluctuation determination unit 24 determines whether or not the fluctuation detected by the fluctuation detection unit 20 exceeds a threshold value (S112). If the fluctuation detected by the fluctuation detector 20 exceeds the threshold and is not determined by the fluctuation determiner 24, the operation controller 27 continues normal operation (S116). When the fluctuation detection unit 24 determines that the fluctuation detected by the fluctuation detection unit 20 exceeds the threshold, the car position detection unit 25 detects the car position when the sensor detects the maximum fluctuation under a certain condition. Is detected (S113).

  The break determination unit 26 determines whether or not the break portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 (S114). The break determination unit 26 performs the above determination based on, for example, a plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit 25. When the break determination unit 26 does not determine that the main rope 4 has the broken portion 4a, the operation control unit 27 continues the normal operation (S116). For example, when the plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit 25 are within the reference range, the break determination unit 26 determines that the main rope 4 has the break part 4a (Yes in S114). .

  When the break determination unit 26 determines that the broken portion 4a exists in the main rope 4, the operation control unit 27 stops the car 1 at the nearest floor. The operation control unit 27 opens the door when the car 1 is stopped at the nearest floor. In addition, when the car 1 is stopped at the nearest floor, the operation control unit 27 makes an announcement to prompt passengers in the car 1 to get off the car 1 (S127).

  Next, the operation control unit 27 determines whether or not the car 1 is unattended (S128). For example, the operation control unit 27 performs the determination of S128 based on a scale signal from the scale device 12. The operation control unit 27 may make the above determination based on a signal from another device. For example, a camera is installed in the car 1. The operation control unit 27 may determine whether or not the car 1 is unattended based on the image signal from the camera. If it is not possible to determine that the interior of the car 1 is unattended, the operation control unit 27 makes an announcement for prompting the passenger to exit the car 1 (S127).

  When the passenger in the car 1 hears the announcement and gets off the car 1, the operation control unit 27 determines that the car 1 is unmanned (Yes in S128). When it is determined that the car 1 is unattended, the operation control unit 27 closes the door and performs a diagnostic operation (S129). In the diagnostic operation, for example, the car 1 is run and reciprocated once between the lowest floor and the highest floor. In the diagnostic operation, the car 1 may reciprocate a plurality of times from the lowest floor to the highest floor.

  When the travel of the car 1 is started in S129, the same processes as those performed in S101 and S112 to S114 in FIG. 18 are performed. For example, the break determination unit 26 determines whether or not the break portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 (S1210). If the break determination unit 26 does not determine that the broken portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 (No in S1210), the operation control unit 27 ends the diagnostic operation and returns to the normal operation (S1211).

  For example, when the plurality of car positions detected by the car position detecting unit 25 are within the reference range, the break determining unit 26 determines that the main rope 4 has the broken part 4a (Yes in S1210). . When the break determination unit 26 determines that the broken portion 4a exists in the main rope 4, the operation control unit 27 stops the car 1 at the nearest floor. Moreover, if the fracture | rupture determination part 26 determines that the fracture | rupture part 4a exists in the main rope 4, the reporting part 28 will report to the exterior (S115). For example, the reporting unit 28 reports to the elevator maintenance company information indicating that the broken portion 4a exists in the main rope 4 and information on the position of the broken portion 4a detected by the position detecting unit 22.

  If it is a fracture | rupture detection apparatus which has the said structure, the detection accuracy of the fracture | rupture part 4a which arose in the main rope 4 can be improved. For example, the fluctuation of the sensor signal also occurs when a passenger in the car 1 moves. In the example shown in the present embodiment, since the diagnostic operation for reconfirming the existence of the breakage portion 4a is performed in an unmanned state in the car 1, it is possible to prevent erroneous detection due to passenger movement.

  In addition, the reciprocating traveling of the car 1 performed in the diagnostic operation is not limited between the lowermost floor and the uppermost floor. For example, the position of the breaking portion 4a whose presence is detected in S114 may be specified by the position detection unit 22, and the car 1 may be reciprocated so that the pulley passes through the specified position. For example, the car 1 may be reciprocated only between specific floors where the pulley passes through the breaking portion 4a. With such a configuration, the time required for the diagnostic operation can be shortened.

  In the first to third embodiments, the scale device 12, the torque detection function of the hoisting machine 11, and the accelerometer 14 are illustrated as sensors whose output signals fluctuate due to vibration generated in the main rope 4. The sensor is not limited to these. For example, a device similar to the scale device 12 may be installed at the weight side terminal of the main rope 4.

  In the first to third embodiments, the main rope 4 of the elevator is illustrated as a rope for detecting the position of the broken portion and the occurrence thereof. The rope is not limited to this. For example, you may detect the break of the other rope currently used by the elevator with the break detection apparatus of the said structure. Moreover, you may implement the break detection of the rope used except the elevator by the break detection apparatus of the said structure.

  Each part shown by the code | symbol 20-28 shows the function which the control apparatus 13 has. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the control device 13. The control device 13 includes a circuit including, for example, an input / output interface 30, a processor 31, and a memory 32 as hardware resources. The control device 13 implements the functions of the units 20 to 28 by executing the program stored in the memory 32 by the processor 31. You may implement | achieve part or all of each function which each part 20-28 has with hardware.

  Moreover, you may implement | achieve the function which each part 20-28 has by running a program with the computer on a cloud. In such a case, the results obtained by the units 20 to 28 are transmitted to the control device 13 through a network and communication. The control device 13 may perform a necessary operation based on the received information.

  The breakage detection apparatus according to the present invention can be applied to an apparatus using a rope.

  1 car, 2 hoistway, 3 counterweight, 4 main rope, 4a broken part, 5 suspension car, 6 suspension car, 7 return car, 8 drive sheave, 9 return car, 10 suspension car, 11 hoisting machine, 12 Weighing device, 13 Control device, 14 Accelerometer, 15 Speed governor, 16 Speed control rope, 17 Speed control sheave, 18 Encoder, 19 Stopper, 20 Fluctuation detection unit, 21 Time detection unit, 22 Position detection unit, 23 Distance calculation unit, 24 variation determination unit, 25 car position detection unit, 26 break determination unit, 27 operation control unit, 28 reporting unit, 29 encoder, 30 input / output interface, 31 processor, 32 memory

Claims (9)

A first sensor in which an output signal fluctuates when vibration generated in the rope reaches a first position of the rope due to a broken portion of the rope coming into contact with the stopper ;
A second sensor whose output signal fluctuates when vibration generated in the rope reaches a second position of the rope due to the broken portion of the rope coming into contact with the stopper ;
Based on an output signal from the first sensor and an output signal from the second sensor, a time from when the vibration generated in the rope reaches the first position to the second position is detected. A time detector to perform,
A position detection unit that detects a position of a breaking portion of the rope based on a rope distance of the first position and the second position and a time detected by the time detection unit;
A break detection device comprising: The rope hangs the elevator car on the hoistway,
A fluctuation detector for detecting fluctuations of output signals from the first sensor and the second sensor;
A variation determination unit that determines whether or not the variation detected by the variation detection unit exceeds a threshold;
A car position detecting unit for detecting a car position when the first sensor or the second sensor detects a maximum fluctuation when the fluctuation is determined by the fluctuation determining unit when the fluctuation exceeds a threshold;
Based on a plurality of car positions detected by the car position detection unit, a break determination unit that determines whether or not a break portion exists in the rope;
The break detection device according to claim 1 provided with. The rope is wound around a fixed pulley and a movable pulley provided in an elevator,
The break detection device according to claim 2, wherein at least one of the first position and the second position, a rope distance from an end portion of the rope changes according to a car position.   The output signals from the first sensor and the second sensor are a torque signal from a hoisting machine having a driving sheave around which the rope is wound, a weighing signal from a weighing device that detects the load of the car, The breakage detection device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the breakage detection device is an acceleration signal from an accelerometer provided in the car. When it is determined by the rupture determining unit that a rupture portion is present in the rope, the rope further includes an operation control unit that performs a diagnostic operation in an unmanned state in the cage,
5. The vehicle according to claim 2, wherein, in the diagnostic operation, the car travels so that a pulley on which the rope is wound passes through a position of a breakage portion detected by the position detection unit. The break detection device as described. A distance calculator that calculates a rope distance between the first position and the second position based on the position of the movable pulley;
The break detection device according to claim 3, wherein the position detection unit detects the position of the broken portion of the rope based on the rope distance calculated by the distance calculation unit and the time detected by the time detection unit. . The movable pulley is provided in an elevator car,
The break detection device according to claim 6, wherein the distance calculation unit calculates a rope distance between the first position and the second position based on the position of the car.   The break detection device according to claim 2, wherein the time detection unit performs processing necessary for time detection when the car is moving. The rope is wound around the driving sheave of the hoist,
The fluctuation detection unit compares the acceleration of the car calculated using the rotation signal output from the encoder of the hoist with the acceleration of the car calculated using the output signal from the first sensor. The break detection device according to claim 2, wherein a fluctuation of an output signal from the first sensor is detected .

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