KR101335796B1 - Apparatus for supporting form of underground building and method of constructing the underground building using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is a simple support structure for the suspended formwork of the underground structure that can be efficiently carried out the construction work of the non-reinforced underground structure through the installation and descent work very simple and light weight, and the non-reversed basement underground using the same It relates to a construction method of the structure.
Suspended formwork supporting device of the underground structure according to the present invention comprises a plurality of support brackets symmetrically disposed on both left and right sides of the frame pillar of the basement structure; A plurality of cross members installed in a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the plurality of support brackets; And a suspension unit to which suspension materials for suspending the plurality of support brackets are connected.

Description

Suspended formwork supporting device for underground structures and construction method for unsupported reverse casting underground structure using the same {APPARATUS FOR SUPPORTING FORM OF UNDERGROUND BUILDING AND METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING THE UNDERGROUND BUILDING USING THE SAME}

The present invention relates to an underground structure, and more particularly, the installation and descent work is very simple through the structural simplification and light weight, so that the suspended formwork of the underground structure that can efficiently proceed the construction work of the unsupported underground placing structure The present invention relates to a support device and a method for constructing a non-supported reverse casting underground structure using the same.

In general, there are methods for constructing underground structures such as forward pouring and reverse pouring.

The net pouring method is a method of constructing a structure on the ground where underground structures are constructed, then installing a temporary facility to support the soil wall while excavating the ground, and after lifting up all the soil, constructing the structure from the bottom floor. The pour method is a method of constructing a structure and constructing a one-story structure, and then constructing the structure while digging the ground from the top to the bottom using the structure as a support member for the barrier.

In recent years, underground construction has been increasingly intensified in order to maximize land use. In particular, when the construction is carried out by the net pouring method, not only the construction of cracks due to the risk of earthquake collapse or the settlement of nearby buildings, but also visually unstable construction Due to various problems such as long periods of time, the reverse casting method has been widely applied in recent years.

In this reverse casting method, after constructing the retaining wall and the frame for the underground frame, the underground structures such as slabs and beams are constructed step by step from the ground floor to the underground floor. It can proceed at the same time, the floor of the ground floor can be utilized as a workshop, there is no need for a separate perforated plate, there is an advantage that the work can be plain.

Such a reverse casting method involves placing concrete slabs and beams on the ground while the ground is stopped (Concrete on Grade), excaving the ground to some extent, selecting the ground, then setting up staging (floor posts) and installing the formwork. Form on Supporting, and the method of placing concrete by suspending formwork on the upper concrete slab, instead of setting up a ridge for supporting formwork (unsupported reversal suspension formwork). have.

The method of using copper barley is a method applied to strata with relatively high relative density. After drilling the ground, the cast concrete is placed on the excavated ground, and the cast concrete is used as the support base for the copper bar, the formwork and the slab formwork. After the installation, the concrete of the beam and slab is poured. Here, the beam formwork and the slab formwork are supported by copper bars on the discarded concrete on the excavation ground.

However, when the copper barrier is used, support on the soft ground is unstable and dismantlement is impossible unless the concrete strength is maintained above a certain limit.

In addition, the temporary materials such as formwork, dongbari, etc. should be taken out of the Gulto workshop and moved back to the lower floor after reconstruction, and this should be repeated for each floor construction. do.

In addition, after the concrete is poured, it is necessary to wait until the structure develops the steelmaking strength after sufficient curing period. Therefore, waiting time is inevitably generated, and the cost and time required for transporting and reassembling the copper bar or formwork are excessive. In addition to being economical, all work depends on manpower, which is labor intensive, which leads to problems such as difficulty in cost reduction in a situation in which labor force shortages intensify.

On the other hand, in order to solve the problem of using the grouping, as a non-supporting formwork system for top down construction that is constructed from the ground floor to the lowest basement when building underground structures, Instead of installing it, an unsupported reversal suspension formwork was proposed to suspend formwork on the upper slab side.

This unsupported back-casting formwork is a method of constructing a lower slab using the formwork, while the formwork is suspended by using a suspension material such as wire to the upper slab pre-installed.

In order to build the underground structure of each floor by using this method, concrete is laid on the formwork to construct upper slab, and the formwork used in the construction of the upper slab is lowered by using hydraulic suspension device on the upper slab. The lowering slab is constructed by using the lowered formwork for each floor.

This suspension method is more advantageous in terms of securing the workplace and safety of the worker, because it is installed in the upper slab without installing the copper bar at the bottom of the slab formwork and the beam formwork. It is possible to proceed to, and by obtaining a sufficient curing period can be obtained excellent concrete quality at the same time has the advantage of shortening the air and reducing the cost.

In particular, when the suspension method is applied, it is possible to simultaneously perform the three-stage process of underground frame construction, which continuously runs down the formwork suspended from the upper slab, the excavation work from the bottom, and the ground structure construction.

In this suspension method, the concrete construction of the lower slab is performed while both the hydraulic suspension device and the suspension material are supported on the upper slab side. In other words, it is a system in which the load of concrete poured into the lower slab is entirely supported by the upper slab through formwork and suspension.

In addition, the conventional suspension method has a high cost burden due to the installation and conversion of the hydraulic suspension device, and the structure for supporting the formwork is not only complicated structure, but also the weight is relatively heavy, which is impossible to work by manpower there was.

In addition, in the conventional suspension method, while the load of the lower layer structure placed in the formwork acts on the upper structure directly above (directly), an excessive load may be applied to the upper slab, and in order to secure the structural stability to the maximum, the lower slab concrete Construction is inevitable only after the construction of the upper slab is completed. As a result, the problem of air delay inevitably occurs as time is required for the complete curing of the pre-installed upper slab.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, the installation and descending work is very easy through the simplified and lightweight structure of the suspension structure of the underground structure that can efficiently proceed the construction work of the unsupported underground placing structure The purpose of the present invention is to provide a formwork supporting device and a method for constructing a non-supported retrocast underground structure.

One aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is an underground structure for supporting the formwork for the concrete casting of the unsupported inverse placing underground structure for constructing a plurality of basement structure step by step from the ground one-story structure to the basement floor As a suspension formwork,

A plurality of support brackets symmetrically disposed on both left and right sides of the frame pillar of the basement structure; A plurality of cross members installed in a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the plurality of support brackets; And a suspension unit having a suspension material for supporting the plurality of support brackets on the ground floor structure side.

The plurality of support brackets are symmetrically arranged in two rows of support brackets on the left and right sides in the width direction of the frame pillar, the support brackets in each row are disposed adjacent in the longitudinal direction along the beam of the basement structure, the support brackets in each row End of each other is connected to each other via a connecting bracket, the plurality of cross members are installed across the support brackets arranged in two rows, the stop plate is symmetrically installed on each of the front and rear of the frame pillar The left and right sides of each stop plate protrude from the left and right sides of the frame pillar, and support brackets adjacent to the frame pillars of the plurality of support brackets are symmetrically supported on the top surface of the stop plate, and the suspension of the suspension unit is ground 1. Vertically penetrates the beams of the layer structure and the beams of the basement structure Installation characterized in that fixed to the adjacent side of the support bracket to the beam structure of the basement that is in progress.

The support bracket is composed of an H beam structure having a web and a flange connected in a direction orthogonal to the web on both sides of the web, and the connection bracket is coupled to the web side of the support bracket.

The suspension unit is disposed on the upper surface of the ground-floor structure, the suspension of the suspension unit is characterized in that it is fixed to the upper end of the support bracket adjacent to the beam of the underground structure.

The upper end of the support bracket adjacent to the beam of the basement structure is formed with a ring, characterized in that the lower end of the suspension is fixed to the ring.

The beams of the ground level structure and the beams of the basement layer structure are formed through holes penetrating in the vertical direction, the suspension is characterized in that installed in the vertical direction through the through holes of the ground layer structure and the underground layer structures.

A load dispersing unit is installed adjacent to the through hole of the basement structure, and the load distributing unit is configured to distribute the load of the basement structure currently being poured to the ground aboveground structure and the basement structure directly above. .

Another aspect of the present invention is a method for constructing an unsupported retro-casting underground structure using the suspension formwork supporting device of the above-described underground structure,

A first floor structure construction step of constructing a first floor structure; And an underground floor structure construction step of constructing a plurality of underground floor structures disposed in units of floors in the basement of the ground floor structure;

In the construction of the basement layer structure, the formwork for concrete placing of the basement structure and the formwork support device for supporting the formwork are installed, and the formwork support device is supported upward by a plurality of support brackets, It is installed to be suspended by a suspension material connected from a suspension unit installed on the upper surface, it characterized in that the construction of a plurality of basement floor structure by pouring concrete on the formwork side.

According to the present invention, since the installation of the hydraulic suspension device is not necessary through the simplification and the weight reduction of the components supporting the formwork, the construction cost is reduced, and the load on the lower layer structure and the formwork to be poured is placed on the ground floor 1 layer structure and By distributing and supporting at the basement structure on the upper side, the load distribution is effectively realized and it is not affected by the curing conditions of the upper structure on the upper layer. have.

1 is a view showing a state in which the non-reinforced inverse underground structure is constructed by the formwork supporting apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a view along the line BB in Fig.
FIG. 4 is a view along the line CC of FIG. 3.
5 is an enlarged view of a portion D of FIG. 1.
6 is a perspective view showing a load distribution unit according to an embodiment of the formwork supporting apparatus of the present invention.
7 is a front view showing a load distribution unit according to another embodiment of the formwork supporting apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view viewed from the arrow E direction of FIG. 7.
9 is a process chart showing a method for constructing a non-supported reinforcement underground structure using a formwork supporting device according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. For the sake of convenience, the size, line thickness, and the like of the components shown in the drawings referenced in the description of the present invention may be exaggerated somewhat. The terms used in the description of the present invention are defined in consideration of the functions of the present invention, and thus may be changed depending on the user, the intention of the operator, customs, and the like. Therefore, the definition of this term should be based on the contents of this specification as a whole.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the underground structure, a plurality of basement layer structures 11 and 12 are constructed in units of layers toward the basement on the basement side of the ground layer 1 structure 10, and the plurality of basement layer structures 11 and 12. ) Is composed of the first basement structure 11, the second underground structure 12 and the like. Meanwhile, in FIG. 1, only up to the two-story underground structure 12 is illustrated, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The three-story underground structure, the four-story underground structure, the five-story underground structure, etc., are located below the two-story underground structure 12. This may be further arranged continuously. Thus, in the present specification, the basement 1 floor structure, the basement 2 floor structure, and the basement 3 floor structure, which are disposed below the ground 1 floor structure 10, are collectively defined as "underground structure". Hereinafter, the "underground structure" refers to a basement 1 floor structure, a basement 2 floor structure, a basement 3 floor structure, a basement 4 floor structure, a basement 5 floor structure, and the like.

The ground-floor structure 10 and each subterranean structure 11 and 12 are composed of a slab 14 and a beam 15, the beam 15 is longitudinally extended to one side of the slab 14 to the slab 14 It is constructed to reinforce rigidity of). On the other hand, a plurality of frame pillars 20 are installed in the vertical direction from the ground first floor structure 10 to the basement side in advance, and each frame pillar 20 is a frame pillar after the construction of the plurality of basement layer structures 11 and 12 is completed Reinforcement of reinforcement and concrete is made on the outer surface of (20) and is constructed as a vertical structure. The frame pillar 20 is disposed in the vertical direction through the beams 15 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction of the ground-floor structure 10 and the basement structures 11 and 12.

As shown in FIG. 9, the method for constructing the unsupported retro-casting underground structure according to the present invention is a ground one-story structure construction step (S1) for constructing the ground one-story structure 10 (S1) by using a suspension support method. Base layer structure construction step (S2) of successively constructing the lower layer structures (12, 13) disposed in the lower portion of the layer structure (10).

In the ground floor construction step (S1), after the construction and excavation of the retaining wall, the ground ground floor structure 10 is constructed. At the time of construction of the above ground ground structure 10, a support (not shown) for supporting the formwork for placing the slab 14 and the beam 15 of the above ground ground structure 10 may be installed.

Underground structure construction step (S2) sequentially and continuously downward to the basement 1 floor structure 11, the basement 2 floor structure 12, the basement floor structure of the lower floor, etc. disposed below the ground 1 floor structure (10). Construct. Meanwhile, although FIG. 1 illustrates an underground structure in which the basement 1 story structure 11 and the basement 2 story structure 12 are constructed, the present invention provides a basement 3 story structure below the basement 2 story structure 12 and the basement 4. Floor structures, underground five-story structures, etc. may be further constructed.

In the construction step (S2) of the basement structure, concrete pouring and curing while suspending the formwork 200 for the load structure such as the basement layer 1 structure, the basement layer 2 structure 12, etc. using the formwork support device 100 Proceed.

Specifically, when the trench proceeds to the lower side of the ground one story structure 10, concrete pouring and curing of the underground story structures 11 and 12, such as the first story underground structure 11 and the second story underground structure 12, is described. Install the formwork for 200, the formwork 200 is suspended by the formwork support device (100).

Formwork 200 is composed of beam formwork 210 for placing beams 15 of basement structures 11 and 12 and slab formwork 220 for casting slab 14 of basement structures 11 and 12. .

Beam formwork 210 is made of a side plate 210 and the bottom plate 212, the bottom plate 212 is supported by the formwork support device (100).

The slab formwork 220 may be configured as a plate structure in which a plurality of embossings are continuously formed, such as a deep deck and a deck plate.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the formwork supporting apparatus 100 according to the present invention is a plurality of support brackets 110, a plurality of support brackets 110 symmetrically arranged on both left and right sides of the frame pillar (20) It includes a plurality of cross members 120 installed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the cross-section, the suspension unit 150 for suspension support of the plurality of support brackets (110).

As shown in FIG. 2, two rows of support brackets 110 are symmetrically disposed on both left and right sides in the width direction of the frame pillar 20, and the support brackets 110 of each row are beamed as shown in FIG. 3. It is arrange | positioned adjacently along the longitudinal direction of (15).

In particular, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the opposite ends of the support brackets 110 disposed along the longitudinal direction of the beam 15 are connected to each other via a connecting bracket 105. The connection bracket 105 is coupled to the adjacent end side of the support brackets 110 through fasteners or welding. Thus, as the support bracket 110 is connected to each other along the longitudinal direction of the beams 15 of the basement layer structures 11 and 12, the stable support structure of the formwork 200 can be effectively implemented.

On the other hand, the support bracket 110 is composed of an H-beam structure having a web 111 and a flange 112 connected to both sides of the web 111 in a direction orthogonal to the web 111, and thus, an enlarged view of FIG. 4. Likewise, the connection bracket 115 is coupled to the web 111 side of the support bracket 110, and in particular, a pair of connection brackets 115 are connected to both sides of the web 111 of the support bracket 110 to fasten or weld, or the like. By being coupled symmetrically through the longitudinal coupling force of the support brackets 110 can be made more robust.

As shown in FIG. 3, stop plates 130 are symmetrically installed on each of the front and rear surfaces of the frame pillar 20, and both left and right sides of each stop plate 130 protrude from the left and right sides of the frame pillar 20. It is configured to. The top surface of each stop plate 130 is formed flat, so that a pair of support brackets 110 adjacent to the beam 15 are supported on the top surface of each stop plate 130 as shown in FIG. 2.

The plurality of cross members 120 are installed across the support brackets 110 arranged in two rows, that is, installed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the support brackets 110. Accordingly, between the two rows of support brackets 110 may be firmly connected to each other through a plurality of cross members 120, and the bottom plate 212 of the formwork 210 is stable on the upper surfaces of the plurality of cross members 120. Can be enshrined.

Suspension unit 150 is disposed on the upper surface of the ground-floor structure 10, the suspension unit 150 is made of a suspension support and chain block, such as trivet, etc., Suspension unit 150, such as wire 151 is connected. The lower end of the suspension material 151 is fixed to the top of the support bracket 110 adjacent to the beams 15 of the basement structures 11 and 12, and the support brackets adjacent to the beams 15 of the basement structures 11 and 12 ( A ring portion 106 is formed at an upper end of the 110, and a lower end of the suspension material 151 is fixed to the ring portion 106.

Meanwhile, the suspension material 151 is tensioned in the vertical direction by penetrating through the beams 15 of the ground-floor structure 10 and the basement structures 11 and 12, and the structure 10 and the basement structure 11 of the ground layer 1. The through-hole 18 penetrating in the vertical direction is formed in the beam 15 of 12. The through hole 18 may be formed by embedding the pipe member 19 having the through hole 18 as shown in FIG. 5. Accordingly, the suspension material 151 is constructed so as to suspend the formwork 200 after passing through the beams 15 of the ground-floor structure 10 and the basement structures 11 and 12. And basement structure (11, 12) has the advantage that can minimize the problem of strength degradation due to the through-holes (18).

Such a formwork supporting device 100 of the present invention is supported by the support bracket 110 and the cross member 120 upward by the stop plate 130 and suspended by the suspension material 151 of the suspension unit 150 As the structure is supported, the overall structure is simplified, and there is an advantage that the stable support of the formwork 200 and the underground layer structure cast by the formwork 200 can be easily implemented.

In addition, the formwork supporting apparatus 100 of the present invention is configured in a structure in which the support bracket 110 is connected in a line along the longitudinal direction of the beam 15, compared to the size and weight of each support bracket 110 compared to the prior art Can be greatly reduced, there is an advantage that can be easily carried out installation and descent of the formwork supporting apparatus 100 by the manpower.

As shown in FIG. 5, the load distribution unit 160 may be installed adjacent to the through hole 18 of the basement structure (in FIG. 1, corresponding to the basement 1 layer structure 11, the basement 2 layer structure 12, etc.). Can be.

The load distribution unit 160 may increase the load distribution effect by transferring the load of the basement layer structure 13 that is currently being poured not only to the ground layer structure 10 but also to the upper layer structure 12. .

For example, as shown in FIG. 1, when placing the underground two story structure 12 is in progress, the load of the underground two story structure 12 is transferred to the basement one story structure 11 through the load distribution unit 160. By doing so, the load of the underground two-story structure 12 can be properly distributed to the ground one-story structure 10 and the underground one-story structure 11, thereby realizing more stable and robust support of the formwork supporting device 100. have.

In addition, when the underground three-story structure (not shown) proceeds, the load of the three-story underground structure is transmitted to the basement 1 floor structure 11 and the basement 2 floor structure 12 through the load distribution unit 160, thereby underground The load of the three-story structure may be properly distributed to the ground one-story structure 10, the underground one-story structure 11, and the underground two-story structure 12.

As such, when the basement structure is placed through the load distribution unit 160, the load can be transferred not only to the ground floor structure but also to the basement structure side on the upper side thereof, thereby increasing the load distribution effect, thereby supporting the bracket. Light weight of the 110 and the cross member 120 can be easily achieved, and when the concrete is placed in the basement structure, it is not affected by the curing conditions of the upper layer structure, thereby reducing the waiting time during construction. There is an advantage that can be advantageous to secure.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the load dispersing unit 160 according to the exemplary embodiment is provided with a fitting hole 161 into which the suspension member 151 is fitted, and an inclined surface 163 on an outer surface thereof. It is formed, and one side is made of a conical structure in which the opening 162 is formed. As shown in FIG. 6, when the suspension member 151 is tensioned due to the load of the support bracket 110 and the formwork 200, the load distribution unit 160 is suspended. While moving downward with the load distribution unit 160 is pinched in the through hole 18 side is wedge coupled. Thus, the load is effectively transmitted to the structure side.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the load distributing unit 170 according to another embodiment includes a friction roller 171 provided adjacent to the through hole 18, and the friction roller 171 includes a bracket ( 172 is installed adjacent to the through-hole 18 via a medium.

When the suspension material 151 is tensioned, the suspension material 151 is wound on the outer circumferential surface of the friction roller 171, and the suspension material 151 is in friction contact with the outer circumferential surface of the friction roller 171. The load on the side can be effectively transmitted to the structure side.

Meanwhile, as shown in FIG. 8, the friction rollers 171 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the through holes 18 arranged in a line on the beam 15 side, thereby applying a load of the suspension material 151 to the structure. Can be effectively delivered to the side.

The present invention as described above is supported by the support bracket 110 of the formwork support device 100 is supported by the suspension 151 of the suspension unit 150 while the lower side is stably supported by the stop plate 130. And, the support brackets 110 of the two rows are connected along the longitudinal direction of the beam 15, there is an advantage that can firmly support the beam formwork 210 for placing the beam 15.

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. .

10: ground level 1 structure 12: underground 2 level structure
13: 3 underground structure 14: slab
15: see 20: skeleton
100: formwork support device 100: support bracket
120: cross member 130: stop plate
150: suspension unit 151: suspension
160, 170: load distribution unit 200: formwork
210: see formwork 220: slab formwork

Claims (7)

As a suspended formwork supporting device for underground structures for supporting the formwork for concrete placing of unsupported retro-casting underground structures for constructing a plurality of underground structures in stages from the ground-level structure to the basement,
A plurality of support brackets symmetrically disposed on both the left and right sides of the frame pillar of the basement structure, a plurality of cross members installed in a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the plurality of support brackets, and the plurality of support brackets It includes a suspension unit having a suspension material suspended from the ground floor structure side,
A stop plate is symmetrically installed on each of the front and rear sides of the frame pillar, and both left and right sides of each stop plate protrude from the left and right sides of the frame pillar, and among the plurality of support brackets, the support brackets adjacent to the frame pillar are the stop plate. Symmetrically supported on the top of
The suspension unit is disposed on the upper surface of the ground-floor structure, the suspension of the suspension unit is fixed to the upper end of the support bracket adjacent the beam of the basement structure, the lower end of which is currently being poured,
The beams of the ground one-story structure and the beams of the basement structure are formed through holes penetrating in the vertical direction, the suspension is installed in the vertical direction through the through holes,
The through hole of the basement structure is provided with a load distribution unit for distributing the load of the basement structure currently being poured to the ground above-ground structure and the basement structure directly above,
The load distributing unit includes a friction roller installed adjacent to the through hole. As the suspension material is wound around the outer circumferential surface of the friction roller, the suspension material is in contact with the outer circumferential surface of the friction roller, and the load applied to the suspension material is applied to the structure. Suspended formwork support device for underground structures, characterized in that configured to be delivered. The method according to claim 1,
The support bracket is composed of an H beam structure having a web and a flange connected in a direction orthogonal to the web on both sides of the web, and the connection bracket is coupled to the web side of the support bracket. Modular formwork support. delete The method according to claim 1,
Suspension formwork supporting device of the underground structure, characterized in that the upper end of the support bracket adjacent to the beam of the basement structure is formed, the lower end of the suspension is fixed to the ring. delete delete Claims 1, 2, 4 as a method for constructing the unsupported retro-casting underground structure using a suspension formwork supporting device of the underground structure,
A first floor structure construction step of constructing a first floor structure; And
A basement layer construction step of constructing a plurality of basement layer structures disposed in units of floors in the basement of the ground layer structure;
In the construction of the basement structure, a formwork for placing concrete and a formwork supporting device for supporting the formwork are installed, and the formwork support device is supported upward by a plurality of support brackets, It is installed to be suspended by the suspension material connected from the suspension unit installed on the upper surface,
The construction method of the non-supporting reinforcement underground structure, characterized in that for constructing a plurality of basement structure by pouring concrete on the formwork side.

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