KR100261775B1 - Method for non-supporting formwork for top_down construction and anchorage, coupler, supporting frame and hydraulic lift - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A nonsupporting top down construction method is provided to shorten a term of construction work, to save costs by removing need of a floor post, to prevent an accident and to enhance quality of the concrete of an underground structure. CONSTITUTION: A suspension member(140) is fixed in a mold support frame(100) via a mold support frame retaining assembly(130). The mold support frame is lifted up and down by a hydraulic lifting device(150) to settle the mold support frame on an upper structure via a main retaining assembly(110). For protecting the main retaining assembly or a slab wherein the main retaining assembly is installed, an auxiliary retaining assembly is installed at the uppermost layer where the main retaining assembly is installed to disperse load. A rock bolt as a suspension member is connected via a coupler. To pull the rock bolt using the hydraulic lifting device, a wire connector is used. The mold support frame joins a horizontal member with a vertical member via a beam clamp. A channel clamp combines a channel installed onto the horizontal member with the horizontal member. A deck clamp is used for a deck plate adopted instead of a channel or a veneer mold. For top down construction of a retaining wall or a post, wall retaining assemblies are installed in a deformed vertical distributing bar. As a mold is installed without a floor post, underground excavation is performed. Further, a high quality concrete structure is obtained and construction works are performed safely.

Description

Method for non-supporting formwork for top-down construction and anchorage, coupler, connector, supporting frame and hydraulic lift

The present invention relates to a formwork for concrete construction. Concrete structures form the molds into a certain shape to fill the formwork with concrete to form a member having a certain shape. When constructing a building using concrete, it is generally progressed from the bottom to the top in order to form the member. When building buildings in urban areas where the cost of land is expensive, the basement is gradually getting deeper because several layers of basement are made to use the land efficiently.

In general, when constructing a structure underground, it is necessary to dig underground soil or rock and leave it for a long time until the underground structure is completed. Therefore, the surrounding ground may collapse, visually unstable, and noise and dust generated during underground earthwork Civil complaints are caused by construction pollution, and there is a lack of space for construction materials and heavy equipment in urban construction, and when building from underground structures, the basement floor is constructed from top to bottom to solve problems such as long construction period. A reverse casting method has been developed and applied to go out and carry out ground floor construction simultaneously.

The reverse casting method is also called top down method, and the slab and beam concrete that binds the pre-installed steel columns are cast and the structure acts as a horizontal support that corresponds to the horizontal earth pressure. It is a construction method

The present invention relates to a formwork for forming slabs, beams, retaining walls in a reverse casting method.

The reverse casting method is to lay concrete slabs and beams on the ground with the ground stopped (crecrete on grade), to dig the ground, select the ground, erect the club, install the formwork, and then form the concrete (form on supporting). ) Is usually used. These methods usually require waiting time for the steel to pour into the steel after sufficient curing period after the concrete has been poured. In addition, in order to excavate the ground of the lower part of the structure, the copper bar has to be dismantled, moved to the upper floor, and earthwork is required.

In order to solve the above problems, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-312438 can freely move up and down between vertical members by assembling slabs and formwork at the bottom of the burrow after completion of the first breakthrough between the vertical members constructed in the stratum. The formwork supporting frame is installed so that the slab and the beam formwork are hung up to the ground floor and installed between each vertical member.The concrete concrete such as ground floor and beam is placed on the mold, and then the second After digging, the slab and beam molds are laid down to the basement 1st floor and installed between each vertical member, and the method of repeating the process of placing concrete concrete such as the floor and beams of the basement 1st floor on the mold is disclosed. It is.

The above-mentioned Japanese published technology is a problem when releasing the settlement of the mild steel wire because the soft steel wire that is fixed and fixed to the formwork steel frame increases due to the formwork frame and the weight of concrete. There is a risk that believers will be formed and the stranded steel wire will be damaged or broken due to exceeding the strength of the mild steel wire.

In order to solve the problems of the above-mentioned open technology, two inventors of Park Hyung-kuk and two others are safe and easy to settle and unsettle the mild steel ship by using a lifting type lifting device for fixed formwork and fixed fixing device and formwork supporting frame fixing device. A method of constructing a retractable suspension reversal that can easily be constructed to slabs, beams, or columns in the basement was devised and filed as 95-4398 on May 3, 1995, and the technology was published on October 24, 1996. Published as 96-34595.

The present invention has been developed to further develop the patented technology to be easily applied to the reverse casting method of buildings.

The present invention is to provide a method that can shorten the air when applying the reverse casting method to build the underground structure of the building.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the costs for the copper barrier material by not installing the copper bar when applying the reverse casting method, to reduce the cost of resources, to save the resources of the country, as well as the generation of construction waste materials generated by installing the copper barrier To contribute to the preservation of the environment.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a reverse casting method that can prevent a safety accident expected when constructing an underground structure by providing a reliable construction method.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a formwork that can increase the concrete quality of the underground structure.

1 to 6 is a conceptual diagram showing the process sequence of the unsupported reverse casting form method of the present invention.

7 is a plan view and a cross-sectional view showing a typical module of the formwork support frame of the present invention.

8 is a partially assembled three-dimensional view showing the assembled state of the components of the present invention.

9 is a perspective view, a partial sectional view, and an assembly view of a main retaining assembly.

10 is a perspective view, a cross-sectional view and an assembly view of an auxiliary retaining assembly.

Figure 11a is a perspective view of the formwork support fixture assembly,

b is a cross-sectional view.

12 is a three-dimensional and cross-sectional view of a coupler or splicer, which is a device that connects and extends a rock bolt or threaded steel rod.

13 is a three-dimensional and cross-sectional view of a connector (connector or adapter) for connecting the stranded wire and the lock bolt of the hydraulic elevator.

14 is a perspective view and a front view of the hydraulic lift.

FIG. 15 is a coupling diagram of beam clamps for coupling H-beams to each other at orthogonal portions.

16 is a coupling diagram of the channel clamp for connecting the H-beam and the channel.

Figure 17 is an exploded view and installation of the deck clamp for connecting the H-beams and tech plates.

FIG. 18a is an elevation view of the retaining wall when the unsupported wall is placed in place;

b is a detailed view of the anchorage installation.

19A is a perspective view of the wall fixing unit assembled;

b is an exploded view of the wall anchorage.

20 shows a modified example of the wall anchorage, FIG. 20a is a perspective view showing a state in which the wall anchorage is assembled, and FIG. 20b is an exploded view of the wall anchorage.

* Brief description of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

B1: underground basement structure B2: underground basement structure

GF: Ground Level 1 Structure 1: Continuous Continuous Wall

2: steel column 3: discarded concrete

4: double slab 100: formwork support frame

101: horizontal material 102: vertical material

103: channel 104: plywood

105: deck plate 106: beam clamp

106a: Beam Clamp Lower Plate 106b: Beam Clamp Upper Plate

106c: Square Bolt 106d: Nut

107: channel clamp 107a: channel clamp mounting plate

107b: channel clamp press plate 107c: bolt

107d: Nut 108: Deck Clamp

108a: deck clamp fitting bar 108b: deck clamp pressing plate

108c: Nut 110: Main Fixture

111: jaw 112: outer cylinder

112a: space 112b: screw hole

113: jaw support 113a: space

113b: groove 114: circular support plate

115: acupressure plate 120: auxiliary anchorage

121: Auxiliary Fixture Female Thread 122: Auxiliary Fixture Home

123: auxiliary fixing unit screw hole 130: formwork support frame mounting hole

131: formwork supporting fixtures 132: c-bolt

133: nut for lock bolt 140: suspension member

141: rock bolt 142: coupler

143: wire connector 150: hydraulic lift

151: hydraulic cylinder 152: auxiliary cylinder

153: pulley 154: pedestal

155: moving wheels 156: wire

200: wall anchorage 200a: wall anchorage body

200b: coupling piece 200c: fixing projection

200d: cylindrical tube 200e: bushing

200f: Female thread 200g: Space

200h: screw 201: deformed steel rebar

202: plywood 203: lumber

204: pedestal 210: wall anchor

210a: wall fixing body 210b: coupling piece

210c, 210f: Disc 210d: Female thread

210e: screw

An unsupported reverse casting form method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 6 show the construction procedure of the unsupported reverse casting form method of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, first, the underground continuous wall 1 is constructed in the ground, and the steel pillars 2 are installed in the perforated and perforated holes partitioned by the underground continuous wall 1. The bottom of the steel pillar (2) is filled with concrete to form a foundation to transfer the load on the steel pole (2) to the ground. After the installation of the pillars, the ground surface is stopped to form the ground floor. At this time, the reference height of the stop operation is determined in consideration of discarded concrete, formwork supporting frame, channel and plywood thickness or deck plate, which will be described later.

As in FIG. 2, the cast concrete 3 is poured onto the ground, and the cast concrete is poured onto the cast concrete, and the formwork supporting frame 100 is assembled to the cast concrete floor. 7 shows a plan view of a formwork support frame 100 which is a typical module. The assembly method of the support frame will be described later in detail.

As shown in FIG. 3, the reinforcing bar is disposed on the formwork supporting frame 100 and the hanging bolt rock bolt 141 is installed while maintaining the vertical through the double sleeve 4. After various inspections, the ground floor and beam concrete (GF) are poured and sufficiently cured. The double sleeve has a double structure of the outer tube and the inner tube, and the material of the outer tube and the inner tube is made of rubber having good elasticity. When the concrete is built, the inner tube supports the exterior when the concrete is placed, so that the exterior is not deformed, and because it is elastic, the sleeve can be easily removed after the concrete is cured.

In FIG. 4, when the ground-floor concrete is cured, the underground continuous wall 1 and the steel column 2 are integrated to resist horizontal earth pressure, and the main retaining assembly 110 is suspended in the suspension member 40. Fill the mold support frame 100 is fixed to be suspended on the ground floor structure, and the basement 1 floor digging work. The first basement trench continues until there is enough space to install the formwork support frame 100 to lower the basement first floor. When the underground first floor trench is completed, the hydraulic elevator 150 is installed on the ground first floor, and the bolts are slowly lowered while the lock bolt is tensioned to lower the formwork frame to the location of the underground first floor structure.

In FIG. 5, the horizontal view of the formwork support frame, the reference line, etc. are confirmed at the position where the basement 1 story structure is to be constructed, and the formwork support frame of FIG. 9 is installed on the ground 1 floor to fix the formwork support frame. After repairing molds, reinforcing bars and sleeves on the basement formwork frame, the concrete is poured and cured, and the work process is rotated once and repeated as described above from the ground floor.

In parallel with the work on the first basement floor, the digging work continues at the point below the first floor. In other words, when the conventional reverse casting method is applied, when the work of the floor is not carried out, it is not possible to carry out the digging work under the floor at all. Do not use clubs to support them. Therefore, it is not necessary to stop the excavation work, stop the excavation bottom, and install the copper bar in order to install the copper bar. Also, in order not to affect the strength of concrete after the concrete is placed, it is possible to continue to dig the work under the unsupported back-casting form even if the die dismantling time (ie, the concrete curing period) is set to meet the specification or later. The air can be extremely shortened.

Now, each component of the unsupported reverse casting form method of the present invention will be described in detail.

Structural members of a building can be roughly divided into columns, beams (girders), slabs, and retaining walls. There are also special areas such as ramps and stairs. Among them, beams and slabs corresponding to horizontal members make horizontal formwork supporting frames to proceed construction from top to bottom, and vertical columns and retaining walls are special anchors to solve this problem (see Wall Fixtures, Figures 19 and 20). By devising also to build from top to bottom direction. Slopes or other inclined members can tilt the formwork support frame for beams and slabs, or the formwork support frame can be fixed while being leveled, and the work can be carried out again, such as installing a circle, formwork on it. In this case, the formwork supporting frame functions as a working platform.

First, the method of backing formless casting for beam and slab will be explained. The construction method for the beam and the slab is composed of the formwork support frame 100, the main anchorage 110, the secondary anchorage 120, the formwork frame anchorage 130, the suspension member 140, and the hydraulic elevator 150 do.

FIG. 7a shows a plan view of the formwork support frame 100, and FIG. 7b is a sectional view.

8 is a partially assembled state diagram showing the assembled state of the formwork support frame and the state in which the plywood formwork is installed on the support frame. As shown in FIG. 8, the lock bolt is a suspending member 140 which receives the construction load such as the weight of the formwork support frame at the bottom, the weight of the plywood formwork loaded thereon, and the weight of the concrete, worker's weight, and other equipment. 141) to the H-beam to be delivered to the yoke (101) and the orthogonal to it is installed another H-beam as the longitudinal line (102) of the joist. The cross member 101 and the longitudinal member 102 are firmly coupled to each other by the beam clamp 106 of FIG. 15. The beam clamp 106 is installed at every intersection to form the horizontal member and the vertical member as an integral support frame. C, M, W-type channel 103 is laid on the vertical material 102 and plywood 104 is installed on the channel 103 to form a formwork. When connecting the longitudinal member 102 and the channel 103, the channel clamp 107 of FIG. 16 is used. On the other hand, when the formwork is made of channels and plywood, the number of members increases, so many hands are used, so that deck 105, which is specially folded and processed with iron plates instead of channel + plywood formwork, can be used to cope with the current situation of lack of functional workers. When the deck is used as a formwork substitute, the vertical member 102 and the deck 105 are connected to the deck clamp 230 of FIG. 17.

When the formwork support frame 100 is completed, the formwork fixing unit 130 is installed, and the hanging member 140 is connected to the formwork supporting frame fixing unit 130, and the main mounting unit 110 and the auxiliary fixing unit 120 are suspended. The wire rope 156 of the hydraulic elevator 150 tensions the suspension member 140 when the member 140 is fixed and fixed to the upper floor slab and the formwork support frame 100 is lowered to proceed to the next step. Descend slowly.

The main fixing unit 110 will be described with reference to FIG. The main anchorage is installed on the ground floor floor in which the formwork supporting frame 100 is installed, and mainly supports the weight, formwork weight, concrete weight, and work load of the formwork supporting frame. On the upper floor of the floor where the main mounting holes 110 are installed, the suspension member is extended to further install the auxiliary mounting holes 120 so as to prevent damage of the slab in which the main fixing unit 110 is installed. Distribute the load to two layer slabs.

9A is a perspective view showing the main fixture assembly, FIG. 9B is a sectional view showing the jaw 111 driving the rock bolt 141, and FIG. 9C is an exploded front view of the main fixture.

The main anchorage 110 must transmit the load on the suspension member 140 to the floor structure and endure the load with the strength of the anchorage itself, and also have to repeat the action of biting and unwinding the suspension member to lower the formwork support frame. Binding and release are designed to be convenient under heavy loads. The main anchorage 110 is a two-piece jaw (11), so as to drive the suspension member lock bolt 141, when the load is applied to the jaw (111), the cylindrical outer cylinder inclined to hold more tightly (112), the jaw support 113 is designed so that the middle of the jaw 111 so that the jaw 111 can be installed stably, and the circular support plate to first spread the load applied to the jaw 111 through the jaw support 113 ( 114). In FIG. 9, the jaw support 113 and the support plate 114 are separated, respectively, but may be formed as a single member by combining functions.

As shown in FIG. 9B, the jaw 111 has a threaded shape of the lock bolt 141 like a female screw, so that the lock bolt can be securely held and rotated up and down when the lock bolt is secured. On the other hand, when the braided wire (strand wire) is used as the suspension member 140, the inner surface of the jaw 111 is embossed to form a sawtooth. The teeth and the braided iron wires embossed on the inner surface of the jaw 111 are engaged with each other by frictional action, and the shape of the teeth may be formed in a triangle, quadrilateral, semicircle, or elliptical shape.

Joe base 113 is cut out in a shape similar to the inside of the cone upside down, cut out a portion of the side 113a was made. This space is slightly larger than the diameter of the lock bolt, so that the lock bolt can be easily installed from the side. The outer surface of the jaw base is formed with a groove (113b) in a semicircular shape. This groove is where the outer head will receive the Allen head screw with a hexagonal depression head. Conventionally, a screw is drilled into a hole, but since it is difficult to fit the hole, it can be easily fixed by forming a groove.

The cylindrical outer cylinder 112 cuts out a part of the outer cylinder to make the space 112a, so that the lock bolt can easily be laterally engaged or disassembled through the space 112a when installing or dismantling the main anchorage. The cross section of the cylinder becomes narrower upwards. The structure of the cylindrical outer cylinder 112, when the load is applied to the jaw 111 gradually tightens the jaw 111 more tightly, and when released to remove the outer cylinder, the pressing state caught in the jaw 112 is simply released.

Circular support plate 114 is made by processing a steel plate of about 2 ~ 3cm thick, is made of a long hole toward the center to easily position the lock bolt in the center, and functions to distribute the vertical load of the support base 113. .

The pressure plate 115 is used in addition to the main anchorage assembly. Since the outer diameter of the jaw support 113 of the main anchorage 110 is about 65 mm and the outer diameter of the circular support plate 114 is about 120 mm, an excessive shear stress is generated on the support structure by applying a concentrated load to the support structure so that a hole is drilled in the concrete slab. It spreads the load widely in order to prevent the occurrence of punching shear. Acupressure plate is manufactured by processing iron plate of 10 ~ 20mm thickness. Acupressure plate is composed of two plates (115a, 115b) and the two plates are joined in a dovetail (dovetail) so that the sides of the tongue is formed in the "S" shape so as not to be separated from each other. Such a structure gives a function that can be easily installed and released by being fitted next to the lock bolt 141 which is a suspension member.

The order of assembling the main anchorage 110 is to place the pressure plate 115 around the lock bolt 141, position the lock bolt 141 in the center of the circular support plate 114, and place the jaw support 113, 2 Align the jaw 111 of the piece with the helix of the lock bolt, and then cover the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder and the jaw support 113 is fixed by filling the Allen screw with a screw hole 112b drilled in the outer cylinder 112 so as not to move with each other. Now, when the main fixture assembly is turned, the main fixture moves along the helix of the lock bolt 141, so it can be easily tightened, and the main fixture 110 under load can be easily released by removing the outer cylinder 112. Next to the lock bolt 141, which is a vertical suspension member, it is possible to freely install and release.

10 shows the secondary anchor assembly. The auxiliary fixing unit 120 is installed on the upper floor in which the main fixing unit 110 is installed to prepare for destruction of the slab of the layer in which the main fixing unit 110 may be installed in case. The strength of the main anchorage is sufficient to withstand the load, but if the concrete slab with the main anchorage or the main anchorage yields due to irregular abnormal loads, the secondary anchorage 120 shares a part of the load and safely installs it on another layer concrete slab. Can be distributedly supported.

The auxiliary fixing unit 120 has a female screw 121 formed in the center of the lock bolt 141 in the form of a spiral, two deep grooves 122 are provided on the circumferential surface, and a screw communicating with the female screw surface on the vertical surface inside the groove. Two holes 123 are formed. The screw hole is filled with the Allen screw 124 to fix the secondary fixing unit 120 does not rotate. The deep grooves 122 formed on the circumferential surface are intended to facilitate disassembly of the auxiliary fixing unit when the auxiliary fixing unit 120 is under load. The lever can be put into the groove 122 and turned to apply a blow so that it can be easily loosened. Under the auxiliary fixing unit 120, the pressure plate 115 is installed to distribute the concentrated load as in the main fixing unit. This acupressure plate uses the same acupressure plate 115 composed of two plates and coupled to each other in a dove field as described above.

The die support frame fixing unit 130 will be described with reference to FIG. 11. Figure 11a is a perspective view showing the formwork support fixture assembly, Figure 11b is a sectional view. Formwork support frame anchorage 130 is fixed to the formwork support frame 100 when receiving the formwork and the support frame weight, and the work load is transferred to the lock bolt 141 of the hanging member 140 during the formwork support frame (100) And a member for connecting the suspension member 140. In order to perform the function of connecting the formwork support frame 100 and the locking member lock bolt 141, the formwork support frame fixing unit 130 is for the support frame fixing hardware 131, c-bolt 132, and the lock bolt Nut 133. The support frame fixing hardware 131 is formed with a hole for fitting the c-bolt 132 and the lock bolt. The size of the fixture 131 is about 310x85x40 (WxHxD) and can be manufactured in various standards according to the size of the load to withstand and the specifications of the H-shaped steel to be used. First, wrap the cross member 101 (see FIG. 8) and insert both ends of the c-bolt into the holes of the fixing hardware 131 to fill the nut. The size of the c-bolt is selected according to the specification of the cross member (101). The lock bolt 141 of the suspension member is inserted into the hole at one end of the fixing hardware 131, and the lock bolt nut 133 is fastened. The lock bolt nut 133 has a female screw formed therein, and fastens the allen screw so as not to be separated from the lock bolt by making a screw hole in the nut body. Formwork frame anchorage 130 provides a means that can be coupled without welding at all.

12 shows the coupler 142 connecting the lock bolt 141 when the lock bolt is used as the hanging member. 12A is a sectional view and FIG. 12B is a perspective view. The lock bolt is manufactured as a standard product at the factory and uses the standard of SD30 (allowable tensile strength over 1,500kg / ㎠, yield strength over 30kg / ㎠, elongation over 18%). Since the lock bolt has a fixed production line, when it is used as a hanging member, it is necessary to maintain the strength of the joints, to facilitate splicing, and to maintain the joint state reliably after the joints. ). Coupler 142 is cylindrical, outer diameter is 40 ~ 50mm, length is about 100 ~ 150mm, and outer diameter and length is the size and material that can withstand the load larger than the breaking load of lock bolt according to the diameter and material of lock bolt to be connected Select. The lock bolt 141 can be easily coupled while turning into the coupler 142. A female thread 142b is formed in the body 142a of the coupler 142 to accommodate the thread of the lock bolt, and a screw hole 142c is fixed to the lock bolt 141 and the coupler 142 on the outer circumference of the body. ) If two or more holes are drilled and allen screw (142d) is fixed with Allen wrench, which is bent in a hexagonal bar with a "b" shape, then the coupler 142 is rotated even if the lock bolt 141 is rotated. It prevents from loosening to form a secure joint.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a wire connector developed for hooking a wire of a hydraulic elevator on an upper end of a lock bolt as a suspension member. Suspension members may use stranded wire, rock bolts or other alternative materials, and lifting devices may use hydraulic, electric motors, chain blocks, or other power sources. Various connectors can be considered depending on the type of suspension member and the type of power transmission member used. In this case, the suspension member is a lock bolt, and the power transmission member of the elevator is a wire which is reliably transferred power, and a connection means is developed to reduce the manpower and shorten the work time due to easy assembly and disassembly. . The wire connector 143 is composed of a body 143a, a female screw 143d formed inside the body, and a clasp 143d inserted across the groove 143c formed by cutting out a part of the body. The outer diameter of the body is about 40 ~ 50mm, like the coupler 142, the hole (not shown) so that the lock bolt 141 and the wire connector 143 can be screwed allen screw to fix each other when fastened to the body This is perforated. Rotate the connector 143 on the top of the lock bolt 141, and then screw the allen screw to achieve a perfect fit.Unplug the upper latch 143b of the connector 143 to connect the wire 156 end bundle loop between the connector grooves 143c. Insert it into the latch (143b) to easily connect, and after use, loosen in the reverse order to move to the next lock bolt can be used.

14 is a hydraulic lifting device (hydraulic lifting device) developed to increase the precision of the work when lowering or raising the suspension member 140, which hangs the formwork frame 100 in a fixed position in the unsupported reverse casting formwork method of the present invention )to be. FIG. 14A is a perspective view, and FIG. 14B is a front view. In the case of power source using hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic cylinder's stroke length is limited, so if the building's use is a neighboring facility, the basement floor is usually 6 ~ 7m in consideration of the height of the basement. You can get up and down height, which is about 6 times the length of hydraulic cylinder stroke by attaching several goals (usually three) fan pulley and rotating the wire. The hydraulic lift is composed of a hydraulic cylinder 151, a pulley 153, a wire 156, a support 154 for supporting them, a caster 155, and two auxiliary cylinders 152. Hydraulic cylinder 151 is connected to a hydraulic device (not shown) to receive the pressure fluid to push out or retract the piston 157, the pulley 153 is a three-four-channel bone, the other one is at the end of one cylinder It depends on the end of the piston (157). One end of the wire is tied to the elevator pedestal 154 and the other end is connected to the wire connector 143 for connecting the suspension lock bolt 141 by turning the front and rear pulleys 3-4 turns. Connecting the wire connector to the head of the lock bolt 14 and operating the hydraulic lift can move the formwork support frame 100 suspended below the lock bolt 141. The auxiliary cylinder 152 is a means for dealing with the eccentricity generated at this time because the eccentricity is inevitably generated when the force is applied to the wire because there are many bones in the pulley without applying actual power. The moving wheel 155 provides a means for easily moving when moving the hydraulic elevator. When the hydraulic lift is in the lowering operation, the yield load of the lock bolt is 30kg / mm2. If the lock bolt D = 28mm, the load may be about 18ton. Therefore, use a hydraulic cylinder that can cope with the load.

According to FIG. 15, the components of the beam clamp, which is an element constituting the formwork support frame 100, and an assembly method will be described. See also the top view of FIG. 7A and the die support frame partial assembly stereoscopic view of FIG. The beam clamp 106 is a coupling means for connecting the horizontal member 101 and the longitudinal member 102 which are yoke of the formwork support frame 100. Horizontal and vertical members are mainly H-beams and vary depending on the load to be supported, but usually 200x200 series. In most cases, the cross member and the longitudinal member must be maintained at right angles to each other. The method of joining together may be welded, riveted or bolted, or high tension bolt. The welding method is cumbersome and can deform the base material, and it is difficult to dismantle and reuse it after use.Therefore, the welding method is difficult due to the high loss of materials (base material of H-beam). Therefore, there is a possibility that the structural strength is damaged when the cross section of the base metal is missing and reused, and it is difficult to assemble a number of bolt holes exactly in place. To solve this problem, the beam clamp of FIG. 15 was developed.

The beam clamp 106 includes a bottom plate 106a having two rectangular bolt holes 106e, a top plate 106b having two rectangular bolt holes, and a rectangular bolt 106e having a part of a body for fastening them. ) And a nut 106d. One end of the lower plate 106a and the upper plate 106b is bent at a right angle, and the bend depth is about the thickness of the flange of the cross member or the longitudinal member. The two lower plates 106a surround the flanges of the H-beams of the cross member 101, which are yokes, and the two upper plates 106b surround the flanges of the H-beams of the longitudinal member 102, which are joists, respectively. Fastening can be combined integrally without damaging the cross member or vertical member at all. The spacing of the bolt holes 106e of the lower plate 106a is determined by the flange width of the H-shaped steel of the longitudinal material 102, and the square bolt hole spacing of the upper plate 106b is determined by the flange width of the H-shaped steel 101. . Most of the assembly work of the formwork supporting frame 100 is in the rectangular shape on the upper plate 106b and the lower plate 106a of the beam clamp 106 in order to maintain the right angle without deformation when the yoke and the joist are placed, integrally assembled and used at right angles. Drilling a bolt hole, the bolt hole 106e is also fastened by the square bolt 106c, which is also formed in the shape of the lower part of the bolt body. This plays a non-twisting role.

FIG. 16 shows a clamp for C-shape channel.

FIG. 16A is an exploded view of the channel clamp, and FIG. 16B is a view showing a state in which the channel is coupled to the H-beam. Referring to FIG. 8, the components of the channel clamp and the method of use will be described.

The channel clamp 107 is a coupling means used to couple the channel 103 installed on the longitudinal member 102 with the longitudinal member 102. The channel 103 installs formwork material such as plywood thereon and provides a function to receive work loads, concrete weights and transfer them to the vertical material 102 and to fix the plywood formwork 104. The channel clamp 107 is composed of a fitting plate 107a, a pressing plate 107b, a bolt 107c and a nut 107d to connect them. The fitting plate 107a is manufactured by cutting the iron plate to a size of about 45x25x3mm and its dimensions may vary depending on the size of the channel. The pressing plate 107b is cut to about 70x40x4mm iron plate is bent in the shape of the 'b' shape and the bending depth may vary depending on the flange thickness of the longitudinal material (102). The bolt 107 and the nut 107d use commercially available standards, but the nut 107d may omit the nut if the bolt hole of the fitting plate 107a is formed with a screw. Rather, the omission of the nut prevents bolts from appearing in the channel, making the work easier. It is difficult to install the channel clamp 107 in the position where each channel is installed, but it is easy to put the clamp in the channel space in advance by a predetermined amount and fasten it. The fabrication standard of the channel clamp 107 may vary depending on the dimensions of the channel and the dimensions of the H-shaped steel, which is a longitudinal member.

FIG. 17 shows a clamp for deck plate. FIG. 17A is an exploded view of the deck clamp, and FIG. 17B is a partially broken view showing the state in which the deck clamp is installed.

Deck plates are usually divided into structural deck plates and formwork deck plates. Structural uses the structural performance of the deck plate to share a part of the load, and formwork uses pure formwork instead. In the basement construction, it is necessary to install copper bars to install the formwork, and after the concrete is placed, the decks and formwork plates are gradually being adopted because many forms are used to dismantle the copper parts and formwork. The deck plate employed as an alternative to the channel + plywood formwork in the unsupported back-casting formwork of the present invention is a formwork but is recovered and reused in such a way that it can exert structural performance and also bend the steel plate to provide a surface to pour concrete. Adopting the structural deckplate eliminates the need for the channels and plywood described in FIG. The deck clamp is a joining means for joining the deck plate with the longitudinal member.

Deck clamp 108 is comprised of fitting rod 108a, pressing plate 108b, and nut 108c. The fitting rod 108a is bent in a '-' shape and at one end a male screw is formed to fit the nut. The bent portion is made longer than the length of the deck's web (when rotating) in the triangular space below the deck plate. If the bends are short, difficulties arise when loosening the nut. The pressing plate 108b is cut to about 70x40x4mm iron plate and bent in a 'b' shape and the length of the bending plate may vary depending on the flange thickness of the longitudinal member 102. The installation first drills a hole 108d through which the fitting rod 108a can enter the lower part of the deck plate, inserts the fitting rod 108a through the hole 108d, fits the pressing plate 108b and the nut 108c. Tighten and combine. Since the fitting bar 108a presses the deck plate for a long time, when the die support frame 100 descends, the deck plate is pulled down together.

In the above, the method of retrofitting slabs and beams without a circle is described. Now, the formwork for unreinforcing columns or retaining walls is described with reference to FIG. 18 to FIG.

FIG. 18A is a view showing the elevation when retrofitting the retaining wall, and FIG. 18B is a detailed view of fixing fixture installation.

Columns or retaining walls are vertical members, unlike slabs and beams. In the past, the concrete of slabs and beams should be poured, and then the formwork should be installed on the slab, or concrete should be installed on the ground. Or, since it is necessary to adopt the netting method that is constructed from the lowest floor after completing the construction to the final floor, even if the beam and slab part is applied to the unsupported back-casting formwork method, this problem has not been solved in the case of columns and retaining walls. In the unsupported reverse casting form method of the present invention has been developed a formwork for unsupported reverse casting of concrete of vertical structural members installed underground, such as columns, retaining walls, elevator feet. Here, the case of the retaining wall will be described as a specific example.

After installing the lower formwork frames 202, 203 and 204 on the reinforcing bars 201, which are vertical reinforcing bars to install the wall fixing unit 200, the wall fixing unit 200 is installed in accordance with the horizontal view. Wall anchorage 200 uses the vertical reinforcement of the wall or pillar without requiring additional suspension members. The spacing of wall anchorages is determined by considering load factors such as the height of retaining walls and columns, the thickness of concrete, and the weight of formwork. Continue to reinforce the reinforcement, check the horizontal position of the lower formwork frame and adjust the height of the fixing fixture for the wall 200 in the vertical reinforcement according to this, install the vertical wall formwork and pour concrete. In this way, it is possible to build a column or wall down from above without installing a club that supports the bottom of the wall or column. The lower formwork is simply completed by tilting the pedestal (or joist 204) and installing the wall anchorage 200 under the formwork consisting of plywood 202 and lumber 203.

19A is a perspective view of the wall fixing unit assembled, and FIG. 19B is an exploded view of the wall fixing unit. The structure and usage of the wall anchorage fixture will be described according to FIG.

Wall anchorage 200 was developed as a fixing means for applying to the reinforcing bar 201 used as a reinforcement in the reinforced concrete structural member. Unlike the lock bolt, the deformed reinforcing bars 201 are not formed with screws, and since only ribs are formed to ensure the reinforcing of the reinforcing bars, two coupling pieces 200b serving as adapters for adjusting the height of the reinforcing bars are provided. Fixture body 200a having a female thread 200f therein, fixing protrusion 200c attached to the outside of the body, cylindrical tube 200d fixed to the fixing protrusion 200d and the body 200a are group 2 and the inside of the coupling piece The rib shape of the deformed rebar 201 is engraved so that when the two pieces of both sides of the deformed rebar, the rotation does not move. Male threads are formed on the outer surface of the joining piece. This male screw is mated with the female screw 200f formed inside the fixing unit body 200a, and gives a function of adjusting the position up and down by turning the fixing unit 200a. The fixing protrusion 200c attached to the outer surface of the body 200a has a groove formed at the center thereof to fix the cylindrical tube 200d so that it does not flow down. Between the cylindrical pipe (200d) and the body (200a) is put into the bushing (200e) made of cut steel pipe wall assembly 200 is assembled. As shown in FIG. 19a, when the wall fixing unit 200 is assembled, a space 200g is created. When the wall fixing unit 200 is installed, sand or sawdust is filled in the space. This makes it easy to recover the wall anchorage due to the load on the wall anchorage 200. That is, when dismantling the Allen screw (200h) loosen the cylindrical tube (200d) after falling out of the body (200a), filled with sand or sawdust in the space is created while the space is easily generated by turning the body (200a).

20 shows a modification of the wall anchorage. 20A is a perspective view showing a state in which the wall fixing unit is assembled, and FIG. 20B is an exploded view of the wall fixing unit. A modification of the wall anchorage fixture will be described with reference to FIG.

The wall anchorage 210 shown in FIG. 20 is composed of a coupling piece 210b, a body 210a, and two discs 210c and 210f coupled to the top of the body 210a. Coupling piece (210a) is two pieces and the inside of the coupling piece is in the shape of a rib (rib) of the deformed reinforcing bar 201 is engraved so that the two pieces do not rotate and move up and down when both sides of the deformed bar. Male threads are formed on the outer surface of the engaging piece 210a. This male screw is mated with the female screw 210d formed inside the fixing body 200a, and gives a function of adjusting the position up and down by turning the fixing body 200a. The two discs 210c that couple to the top of the body 210a receive the pedestal 204 in FIG. 18B. An allen screw 200e may be additionally installed on the outer surface of the body 210a. And the outer surface of the body can be attached to the wings for easy up and down. When installing the wall fixing fixture of FIG. 20, a good lubricity material such as grease is applied between the two discs 210c. This is to prevent the frictional force generated in the disc 201c so that it can be easily turned when dismantling. While the wall fixing fixture 200 of FIG. 19 can be used for a very large load, the wall fixing fixture 210 of FIG. 20 is used where the load is relatively small. This anchorage 210 is a very simple structure and can be usefully used for formwork when retrofitting a small column or retaining wall.

It is to be understood that it is within the scope of protection of the present invention to simply change or simply replace with other equivalent elements within the scope of the ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is embodied by the description of range.

By applying the unsupported reverse casting form method of the present invention, it is possible to significantly reduce the air for constructing the underground structure of the building, and by not installing the copper bar, it is possible to reduce the cost of the copper barrier and to reduce the cost and save the national resources. In addition, it can contribute to the preservation of the environment by preventing the occurrence of construction waste generated by installing copper bars. In addition, by using the present invention, it is possible to further improve the quality of the underground structure concrete.

Claims (21)

A female thread is formed on the inner surface of the lock bolt 141 so as to drive the lock bolt 141, which is a suspension member, and a jaw made of two pieces and a cross section holding the jaw 111 are inclined. Cylindrical outer cylinder 112 having a wide open side, a jaw support 113 made to pit in the middle to install the jaw 111, and a load applied to the jaw 111 through a jaw support 113. The main anchorage 110, characterized in that it consists of a circular support plate 114 to diffuse into the car can be inserted into the lock bolt 141 sideways. In claim 1, wherein the jaw (111) is a main anchorage (110), characterized in that the teeth of the triangular, trapezoidal, circular, or oval formed on the inner surface to use a braided wire (strand wire) as a suspension member. According to claim 1, wherein the main plate is composed of two plates (115a, 115b) and the two plates (115a, 115b) further comprises a pressure plate 115 coupled to the dovejang so as not to be separated from each other ( 110). A female screw 121 is formed in the center of the cylinder in the shape of a spiral of the lock bolt 141, and two deep grooves 122 are provided on the circumferential surface thereof, and the female screw 121 is formed on the vertical surface inside the groove 122. And two screw holes (123) communicating with the surface, and two deep grooves (122) formed on the circumferential surface. C-bolt 132, the lock bolt nut 133, and the support frame fixing hardware 131 is formed with a hole for fitting the c-bolt 132 and the lock bolt 141 of the hanging member 140 Formwork supporting frame anchorage 130, characterized in that made. A cylindrical body 142a, a female screw 142b formed to accommodate a screw thread of the lock bolt 141 in the body 142a, and an outer circumferential portion of the body 142a, the lock bolt 141 and the body ( Lock bolt 141, coupler 142, characterized in that two or more screw holes 142c are drilled to fix 142a. Wire connector 143 comprising a body 143a, a female screw 143d formed inside the body 143a, and a clasp 143d inserted across the groove 143c cut out of a portion of the body 143a. ). Horizontal member 101, vertical member 102 orthogonally installed on the horizontal member 101, beam clamp 106 connecting the horizontal member 101 and the vertical member 102, the vertical member 102 Formwork support frame (100), characterized in that consisting of a channel (103), a channel clamp (107) for connecting the vertical member (102) and the channel (103) is installed on. 9. The beam clamp 106 has a bottom plate 106a having two rectangular bolt holes 106e, a top plate 106b having two rectangular bolt holes 106e, and a body for fastening them. The lower end of the lower portion is composed of a rectangular bolt 106c and a nut 106d, one end of the lower plate 106a and the upper plate 106b is bent at a right angle and the bent depth is a horizontal or longitudinal H-shaped steel It is about the thickness of the flange, and the two bottom plates 106a surround the flanges of the H-beams, which are horizontal members 101, and the two upper plates 106b surround the flanges of the H-beams, which are longitudinal members 102, bolt each other. Forming support frame (100), characterized in that the assembly as a beam clamp 106, characterized in that can be combined integrally without damaging the cross member (101) or the longitudinal member (102). In claim 8, the channel clamp 107 is a fitting plate 107a made by cutting the iron plate, the pressing plate 107b produced by cutting the iron plate in a 'b' shape, the fitting plate 107a and the pressing plate 107b Formwork supporting frame, characterized in that the channel clamp 107 consisting of a bolt (107c) and a nut (107d) to tighten the. Horizontal member 101, vertical member 102 orthogonally installed on the horizontal member 101, beam clamp 106 for connecting the horizontal member 101 and the vertical member 102, the vertical member 102 The deck support frame (100), characterized in that consisting of a deck clamp (108) connecting the deck plate (105), the vertical material (102) and the deck plate 105 is installed above. In claim 11, the deck clamp 108 is bent in the shape of 'b' and one end of the fitting rod (108a) formed with a male thread so as to fit the nut, the pressing plate made by cutting the iron plate in the shape of the 'b' ( 108b) and a deck clamp 108 comprising a nut 108c. Hydraulic cylinder 151, the pulley 153 is installed in front and rear of the hydraulic cylinder 151, the bone is three to four, the wire 156 caught between the pulley 53, two auxiliary to support the eccentric Hydraulic lift 150, characterized in that consisting of a cylinder (152), the pedestal 154, and a moving wheel (caster, 155). Placing the discarded concrete (3) on the stationary ground and filling the discarded concrete and assembling the formwork support frame (100); A rock bolt 141, which is a suspension member, is installed through the double sleeve 4; Placing reinforcing bar on the formwork support frame 100 and placing ground floor and beam concrete and curing it sufficiently; When the ground ground concrete is cured, the underground continuous wall 1 and the steel column 2 are integrated to resist horizontal earth pressure, and the main support 110 is filled in the suspension member 40 to support the formwork frame 100. ) Fixed to the ground above ground floor structure to perform a basement 1 floor trenching work; When the underground first floor trench is completed, the hydraulic elevator 150 is installed on the ground first floor, and the lock bolt 141 is slowly lowered to the position where the formwork frame 100 is to be installed. Positioning down; Confirming the horizontal position of the formwork support frame 100 at a position to build the basement 1 story structure and fixing the formwork support frame 100 by installing the main anchorage 110 on the ground level 1 floor; And placing the concrete and curing the mold after the mold work, the reinforcement, and the sleeve maintenance work on the formwork frame 100 at the basement level 1; After passing through the work process is rotated once again the basement flooring, characterized in that the repeating the step of repeating the formwork. 15. The method of claim 14, when the first basement concrete curing and 2 basement dig operation is completed, the mold support frame 100 is lowered to the location of the basement 2 floor structure when the concrete work when the main landing 110 is ground 1 floor The lock bolt 141, which is a suspension member, is fixed in two layers of the slab and the basement floor slab through the lock bolt 141, which is a suspension member, and the main anchorage 110, to load the overall load loaded on the formwork support frame 100. An unsupported back-casting formwork, characterized in that it is dispersed in the first floor above ground and the first floor underground slabs. 15. The support of claim 14, wherein the double sleeve (4) is made of an inner tube and an outer tube, and the inner tube and the outer tube are made of elastic rubber to facilitate drawing of the sleeve (4) after curing of concrete. Reverse casting formwork. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the main anchorage 110 is installed at the location of the basement 1 floor by repeating the steps in the basement 1 floor, and further comprising installing the auxiliary anchorage 120 at the ground level 1. Characteristic unsupported reverse casting formwork. Composed of two pieces and the inside is a rib shape of the deformed reinforcing bar 201 is engraved and the outer surface coupling member 200b is formed with a male screw; Fixture body 200a having a female screw 200f therein; A fixing protrusion (200c) attached to the outside of the body (200a); A cylindrical tube 200d fixed to the fixing protrusion 200c; And a bushing 200e having a lower height than the cylindrical tube 200d when assembled between the cylindrical tube 200d and the body 200a. Wall anchorage 200 characterized in that consisting of. Combination piece (210b) is composed of two pieces and the inside is a rib shape of the vertical reinforcement deformed rebar 201 is engraved and the external thread is formed on the outer surface; A body 210a having a female screw 200f therein; And two discs (210c, 210f) coupled to the upper end of the body (210a); Wall anchorage 210, characterized in that consisting of. Installing a vertical backing rebar 201 of the retaining wall or the pillar; Installing a bottom formwork and the wall fixing fixture 200 of claim 17; Checking a horizontal position of the lower formwork mold and adjusting a fixed height of the wall fixing unit 200 accordingly; And pouring concrete after installing the vertical wall or column formwork of the vertical wall. Installing a vertical backing rebar 201 of the retaining wall or the pillar; Installing a bottom formwork and installing the wall fixing fixture 210 of claim 18; Checking a horizontal position of the lower formwork mold and adjusting a fixed height of the wall fixing unit 200 accordingly; And placing concrete after installing vertical wall or column formwork; The unsupported reverse casting formwork of the retaining wall or the pillar, characterized in that it comprises a.

Images