KR100297625B1 - 한개가전기전도성을지닌두개의세라믹재부로구성된밀봉죠오 - Google Patents

한개가전기전도성을지닌두개의세라믹재부로구성된밀봉죠오 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
KR100297625B1
KR100297625B1 KR1019950703702A KR19950703702A KR100297625B1 KR 100297625 B1 KR100297625 B1 KR 100297625B1 KR 1019950703702 A KR1019950703702 A KR 1019950703702A KR 19950703702 A KR19950703702 A KR 19950703702A KR 100297625 B1 KR100297625 B1 KR 100297625B1
Authority
KR
South Korea
Prior art keywords
ceramic material
electrically conductive
sealing
ceramic
electrically insulating
Prior art date
Application number
KR1019950703702A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
젤베르크한스
Original Assignee
포스베르크 라스-에케
테트라 라발 홀딩스 앤드 피낭스 소시에떼아노님
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 포스베르크 라스-에케, 테트라 라발 홀딩스 앤드 피낭스 소시에떼아노님 filed Critical 포스베르크 라스-에케
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of KR100297625B1 publication Critical patent/KR100297625B1/ko

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/30—Electrical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
    • B29C65/224—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip being a resistive ribbon, a resistive band or a resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B29C65/228—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the means for electrically connecting the ends of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/347—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8124—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the structure of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81241—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the structure of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps being porous or sintered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8181—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81811—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8182—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81821—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8187—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91655—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by controlling or regulating the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by controlling or regulating the current intensity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/929—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools characterized by specific pressure, force, mechanical power or displacement values or ranges
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
    • C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
    • C04B35/488—Composites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
    • C04B37/001—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating directly with other burned ceramic articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/38—Impulse heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2709/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2703/00 - B29K2707/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2709/02—Ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2711/00—Use of natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29K2601/00 - B29K2709/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
    • B29K2711/12—Paper, e.g. cardboard
    • B29K2711/123—Coated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2909/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2803/00 - B29K2807/00, as mould material
    • B29K2909/02—Ceramics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2909/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2803/00 - B29K2807/00, as mould material
    • B29K2909/02—Ceramics
    • B29K2909/04—Carbides; Nitrides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0003—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds having particular electrical or magnetic properties, e.g. piezoelectric
    • B29K2995/0005—Conductive
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
    • C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/34—Oxidic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/34—Oxidic
    • C04B2237/345—Refractory metal oxides
    • C04B2237/348—Zirconia, hafnia, zirconates or hafnates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
    • C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
    • C04B2237/32—Ceramic
    • C04B2237/36—Non-oxidic
    • C04B2237/365—Silicon carbide

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Packaging Frangible Articles (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 열가소성재료 또는 열가소성, 바람직하기로는 패키징재료로 입혀진 종이나 판지를 밀봉하기 위한 밀봉죠오에 관한 것이다. 밀봉죠오는 두개의 세라믹재료로 구조되며, 그중 하나는 전기절연재이고 다른 하나는 전기전도재이다. 전기전도세라믹재 (3) 는 절연재 (2) 에 매립된 연속적인 소선을 형성하고 전류원과의 효과적인 연결을 위해 말단부근에서 금속화된다. 전기전도세라믹재는 선택적범위이며 전기절연세라믹재 (2) 의 전 상위표면에 걸쳐 구성되고 양 세라믹재는 높은 압력과 열처리되어 강철레일 (1) 에 부착될 수 있는 무공의 단단한 내마멸체를 형성한다.

Description

[발명의 명칭]
한개가 전기전도성을 지닌 두개의 세라믹재부로 구성된 밀봉죠오
[기술분야]
본 발명은 기밀성있고 기계적으로 내구성이 있는 밀봉을 얻을 목적으로 상호 가해진 열가소성층을 표면융합 (surface fusion) 하기 위하여, 열가소성 재료 혹은, 열가소성 물질로 코팅된 재료, 바람직하게는 패키징 재료를 밀봉구역안에서 가열 및 압착시켜 상기 재료를 서로 밀봉 및/또는 접합시키기 위한 장치에 관한 것이다.
[배경기술]
열가소성 재료 또는 열가소성 물질층으로 코팅된 재료, 예를 들어 플라스틱 코팅지 또는 판지의 패키지를 제조하는 것은, 패키징 기술에서는 오랫동안 공지되어 온 것이다. 이들 재료에 있어서 내재된 장점은 그들이 상호간에 가해진 열가소성층의 표면융합에 의해 편리한 방식으로 함께 접합되고 서로 밀봉될 수 있다는 것이다. 그러한 방법에 의해, 접개방식 또는 다른 방식으로 형성되어왔던 패키지가 그들의 주어진 모양대로 유지될 수 있다는 결과를 얻는 것이 가능할 뿐만아니라, 패키지에서 내용물을 보호하고 그것이 누설되는 것을 막는 기밀성 있는 밀봉이 패키지에 주어질 수도 있다는 결과를 얻는 것도 가능하다. 이러한 유형의 밀봉은, 밀봉을 목적으로한 재료를 수용하고 열의 동시공급하에 그것들을 압축할 수 있어서, 압축되고 상호직면한 플라스틱층의 요망부가 기밀성 있고 기계적으로 내구성있는 이음매로 융합하게되는 장치로 이루어진 소위 핫 죠오 (hot jaws) 에 의해 가장 일반적으로 실현된다. 보통 그러한 밀봉죠오의 눈에띄는 유형은, 영구히 가열되거나 또는 전류의 통과에 의해서 각 밀봉의 경우에 가열되는 지지레일 또는 금속체에 배치된 금속성밴드나 스트립으로 이루어 진다. 밀봉은 밀봉되어질 재료의 양면에 서로 향하여 권고된 두 가열밀봉죠오에 의해 실행되거나 하나의 가열죠오와 이 가열죠오의 지지 접합부를 이루고 밀봉 이음매가 급속히 안정되도록 하기위해 재료를 냉각시키는 것이 유일한 목적인 대응죠오에 의해 실행된다. 현대에 있어서 가장 통상적인 밀봉죠오인 자동 패키징 기계는 강철레일에 주어진 절연세라믹재에 배치된 박판 금속 밴드나 스트립을 지닌 가열죠오를 포함한다. 밀봉을 하는 순간, 밀봉죠오는 큰 압축력으로 닫히어 그들 사이에 밀봉되어질 재료를 수용하고 그후 짧은 전류펄스가 순간적으로 고온으로 가열된 상술한 금속성 스트립을 통해 통과된다. 금속성 스트립에서 발생된 열은 패키징재료에 전달되고 상호직면한 열가소성층은 서로 융합되게 된다. 전류펄스는 충분한 열량이 발생되었을때 중단되며, 그후 밀봉턱부는 개방되고 밀봉된 재료는 방출된다.
생산기술과 다른 이유들, 예를 들어 열신장 때문에 스트립에 작용하는 힘들 때문에, 얇은 금속스트립을 쓰면서 다른 어떤것보다도 동일하고 곧은 밀봉을 실현한다는 것은 어려운 일이다. 하지만 어떤 경우에 있어서는, 상이한 강도 또는 접착력을 가지는 굽은 밀봉라인 또는 밀봉을 연구대상으로 삼을 필요는 있다. 금속성 스트립을 활용하는 종래기술에 의해 이것을 실현한다는 것은 원칙적으로 가능하지 않았었으나, 본 발명에 의하면 이런 필요성이 만족될 수 있을 것이다.
[발명의 개요]
본 발명은, 두 개의 밀봉죠오가 서로에 대해 움직일 수 있도록, 또한 그들 사이에 밀봉용 재료를 수용할 수 있도록 설치되어 있고, 상기 밀봉죠오 중 하나 또는 둘다는 세라믹재부를 포함하는 세라믹부를 구비하며, 상기 세라믹재부들 중 하나는 전기절연성을 가지며 다른 하나는 전기전도성을 갖고, 전기전도성 세라믹재부는 전기절연성 세라믹재부에 매립되는 하나 이상의 연속적인 소선을 형성하고, 이 소선은 그의 말단 부근에서 전류원에 연결될 수 있는 것을 특징으로 한다.
따라서, 본 발명에 있어서 금속스트립은 다른것들 가운데서 전도재와 하위 (下位) 의 전기절연상 세라믹층사이의 선팽창계수에 있어서 상당히 작은 차이가 있다는 이익을 얻는 전기전도성 세라믹재부 의해 대치되어 졌다. 이것은 세라믹 절연재에 있어서 기계응력이 줄어들 수도 있다는 것을 수반한다.
[도면의 간단한 설명]
본 발명에 대한 하나의 바람직한 실시예가 첨부도면을 참조하여 하기에 더 상세히 설명한다.
제1도는 가열밀봉죠오의 사시도.
제2도는 제1도의 선 A-A 를 따라 취해진 단면도.
제3도는 전기절연성 세라믹재부의 상세도.
제4도는 밀봉싸이클의 진행을 나타내는 도면.
[바람직한 실시예의 설명]
제 1 도에 도시된 가열죠오는 접착물 (6) 또는 기계적인 고정부재에 의해 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 가 부착된, 예컨대 강이나 동 레일 (1) 위에 구성된다. 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 내의 삽입물로서 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 의 소선(strand)이 있다. 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 는, 예를 들어 산화지르코늄 (ZrO2) 과 탄화규소 (SiC) 의 혼합물로 이루어지며 전기전도 세라믹재 (3) 는 붕화티타늄 (TiB2) 과 탄화규소 (SiC) 의 혼합물로 이루어진다.
전기절연성 세라믹재부에서의 ZrO2의 비는 체적으로 약 10 내지 50 퍼센트, 바람직하게는 30 퍼센트 이고 전기전도성 세라믹재부에서의 TiB2의 비는 체적으로 20 내지 60 퍼센트, 바람직하기로는 체적으로 45 퍼센트이다. 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 는 본 발명의 설명과 이해를 돕기위해, 이 경우에 있어서는 복잡하고 다양한 윤곽이 주어진 연속적인 소선을 구성한다. 소선 (3) 의 말단부는 전기도선 (5) 이 전류원으로부터 연결된 금속화접점 (4) 을 나타낸다. 제 1 도로부터도 분명하듯이, 소선(전기전도성 세라믹재부) (3) 의 범위는 하기설명을 돕기위해 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ 세 지역으로 나누어진다.
제 1 도에 따른 밀봉가열죠오에서 열이 발생될 때, 도선 (5) 은 전류원에 연결되고 전류펄스가 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 를 통해 통과된다. 이것은 단류 (單流) 경로의 문제이기 때문에, 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 를 통한 전류는 전류경로의 모든 부분을 따라 균일할 것이며, 바꿔말하여 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 의 소선을 따라 상술한 Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ 지역에서 균일할 것이다. 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 의 소선 단면적은 전류경로 전체에 걸쳐서 균일하지 않기 때문에, 전류밀도는 변할것이며 그로인해 열발생 또한 변할것이다.
Ⅰ 지역에서는, 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 의 전류경로가 일직선이 아니기 때문에 불규칙하지만 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 는 Ⅰ 지역 전체에서 똑같은 단면적을 갖게되며 그것은 Ⅰ 지역에서의 전류경로에 따른 열발생이 지역 전체에서 단위길이당 같다는 뜻을 내포한다. 다른 한편으로 Ⅱ 지역에서는, 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 인 소선이 상당히 폭이 넓고 층의 두께가 변하지 않는 것으로 여겨지기 때문에 Ⅱ 지역에서의 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 의 단면적은 Ⅰ 지역에서 보다 상당히 크다. 잘 알려진 바와 같이, 재료의 전기 저항은 재료의 단면적에 반비례하며 그것은 Ⅱ 지역에서의 전기전도재의 단위 길이당 전기저항이 Ⅰ 지역내의 해당 전기저항보다 작다는 뜻을 내포한다. 전류가 저항을 통하여 흐를때 얻어지는 열발생은 R × I2, 이때R 은 저항이며 I 는 전류의 세기이므로, Ⅱ 지역내의 R (즉, 저항) 은 Ⅰ 지역내의 저항보다 작아서 Ⅱ 지역내의 단위길이당 열발생은 작을 것이라는것이 쉽게 이해될 것이다. 발생열이 Ⅱ 지역에서 작다는 사실과는 별도로, Ⅱ 지역내 소선에서의 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 의 접촉표면은 Ⅰ 지역내에서보다 단위길이당 상당히 크며 그것은 Ⅱ 지역에서 발생된 열이 한편으로는 단위길이당 작고 다른 한편으로는 온 표면에 방산된다는 뜻을 내포한다. 이것은 Ⅱ 지역에서 보여진 유형과 같은 표면팽창은 밀봉력이 전혀 없거나 있어도 아주 작은 그리고 열발생이 요망되는 지역내의 밀봉죠오에서 쓰여진다는 것을 수반한다. Ⅰ 지역에서는, 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 에 주어진 윤곽을 따라 밀봉재의 표면융합을 이루기 위해 충분한 열이 발생되는데 그것은 비교적 좁은 지역에서 충분한 열량이 발생되기 때문이다. 먼저 언급되었듯이, Ⅱ 지역내에서는 그렇게 많은 열이 발생하지는 않으며 게다가 발생된 열은 온 표면부에 방산되는데 그것은 결국 빈약한 밀봉을 수반하게 된다. 상응하여, 원한다면 전류경로 면적의 국부적인 감소에 의해 국부적인 열집중을 얻는것이 가능하다.
밀봉패턴의 폭과 전류경로 (3) 의 외관을 다양하게 하는것이 Ⅲ 지역내에서 가능하다는 것을 나타내고 있을 뿐만 아니라 전류경로가 Ⅲ 지역의 부분 (14) 에서 10 분의 몇몇 밀리미터 위로 올라가는 것도 가능하다는 것을 나타내고 있다. 이것은, 이 지역내에서 밀봉될 재료에 대해 밀봉죠오가 권고될 때에 국부적으로 한층 더 높은 기계력이 얻어질 수 있다는 뜻을 내포하며 또한 이것은 좀더 강력한 밀봉을 얻는데 기여한다. 예를 들어, 전류경로의 부분 (15) 은 밀봉작용이 실행됨과 동시에 직 (直) 절단작용, 관통, 또는 패키징재료의 요망기계공정 (예를들어 새김, 정공, 슬롯, 기타의 것들을 실현시키는) 을 실행하는 것이 가능하게끔 단부에 형체가 이루어진다.
따라서, 제 1 도에 도시된 밀봉죠오에서 따라 선택적범위의 밀봉라인을 실현하는 것이 가능할 뿐만아니라 밀봉작용이 효과를 발휘함과 동시에 밀봉라인에서의 분열 및 밀봉의 국부적인 강화 그리고 심지어 슬롯, 관통, 다른 기계공정의 실행을 실현하는 것도 가능하다. 전기전도성 세라믹재부와 같은 수준까지 전기절연성 세라믹재부를 전기전도성 세라믹재부의 양쪽에 올림으로써 밀봉의 측팽창을 막을 수 있는 밀봉지역의 부근에서 냉압지역이 얻어질 수 있다. 세라믹재의 매우 높은 내마멸성과 경도때문에, 제조중 재료에 주어진 형체는 무디어 지거나 변하지 않는다.
제 2 도는 선 A-A 를 따라 취해진 제 1 도의 단면도이다. 제 2 도로부터도 분명하듯이, 강철레일 (1) 은 천공냉각덕트 (7) 또는 세라믹 절연제의 표면에 곧장 연결된 개방채널 (8) 이 준비되어 있다. 제 2 도로부터도 분명하듯이, 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 는 접착층 (6) 에 의해 곧장 강철레일 (1) 에 연결되고 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 는 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 에 상감 (象嵌) 처리 된다. 세라믹재부 (2) 와 (3) 은 본질적으로 같은 선팽창 계수를 가지기 때문에, 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 와 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 사이에는 어떠한 감지응력도 발생하지 않는다. 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 가 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 보다도 훨씬 더 가열된다 하더라도 냉각덕트 (7) 와 채널 (8) 에 의한 효과적인 냉각은 재료의 기계응력에 있어서 본질적인 문제가 제어될 수 있음을 수반한다.
제 1 도에 따른 가열밀봉죠오의 작동방식은 도 4 에 개략적으로 도시되는데, 밀봉을 목적으로한 (그리고, 지층 (paper layer : 12) 과 플라스틱코팅 (13) 을 포함하는 패키징재료로 이루어진) 재료 (11) 가 하나의 가열밀봉죠오와 이른바 하나의 대응죠오 (10) 사이에 삽입되어 있다. 가열밀봉죠오와 대응죠오는 그들 사이에 패키징재료 (11)를 수용하고 압축하는 동안 서로 향하도록 권고된다. 이런 압축과 관련하여, 전류는 순간적으로 가열된 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 를 따라 흐르고 그후 열은 전도에 의해 우세 압력하에 서로 용해, 융합, 접합하게 되는 패키징재료 (11) 의 플라스틱층 (13) 에 전달된다. 이런 식으로 이루어진 이음매를 급속히 안정시킬 수 있게끔 하기 위하여 즉, 플라스틱 재료가 다시한번 냉각되게끔 하기 위하여, 도시된 실시예에 있어서 대응죠오 (10) 에는 냉각채널 (9)이 준비되어 있다. 밀봉작용이 완수된 후에는, 밀봉죠오는 분리되고 그후 밀봉 또는 결합된 패키징재료 (11) 는 제거될 수 있다.
소개할 셈으로, 본 발명에 따라 가열밀봉죠오의 제조방법을 간단히 언급하였고 아래에서 더 상세하게 설명할 것이다.
제조방법은 세라믹재부는 두 단계에서 산출된다는 개념에 기초한다. 첫번째 단계에서는, 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 의 몸체가 세라믹 분말의 압축에 의해 제조되고 그런 하나의 몸체는 제 3 도에 개략적으로 도시되어 있다. 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 의 범위에 대한 요망패턴의 형태에 부합하는 공동 또는 채널 (16) 이 또한 몸체 (2) 에서 압인되거나 형체를 이룬다. 공동 또는 채널 (16) 은 그후 세라믹 전기전도 분말재로 메워지고 따라서 소선 (3) 이 형성된다.
몸체 (2) 를 이루는 재료는 목적에 적합한, 어쩌면 역공정 형태로, 윤곽으로 눌려진다. 소선 (3) 의 재료는 공동 (16) 에 눌려진 분말로 이루어지며 또는 대안으로 온 몸체 (2) 에 결쳐 입혀진 현탁액으로 섞인다.
하지만, 이 압축세라믹체는 어떤 특징적인 기계적강도를 가지고 있지 않으며, 이 때문에 다소 주의 깊게 취급해야 한다. 형성된 세라믹체 또는, 좀더 정확하게는 상이한 전기적특성을 띤 상이한 세라믹재료의 조합물이 압력실에 놓이게 된다. 이 압력실 (ABB 제조업자에 의해 제조된 'Quintus Press' 라 함) 에서, 압력은 대략 160 MPa 까지 올라가며 온도는 대략 1750℃ 까지 상승한다. 세라믹재는 대략 4 시간 동안 가열되고 고압처리된 후 소결되어 기공이 매우 미세한 경질의 내마멸체를 형성하고, 예컨데 납땜이나 접착제 접합과 같은 상기 방식으로 냉각 본체에 고정되거나 다른 방식으로는 그 위치에 기계적으로 클램프된다.
세라믹 전기전도재를 쓰는 새로운 기술을 사용함으로써, 밀봉의 외관, 범위, 기타 국부적인 강도등을 선택함에 있어서 상당한 자유로움이 주어졌다는 사실이 입증되었고 또한 세라믹 가열밀봉죠오는 어떤 감지할 수 있을 정도까지 마멸되지 않으므로 우수한 내마멸성을 가지고 있음이 입증되었다. 여기에 나타난 발명개념의 진의와 범위를 벗어나지 않고, 여기에 나타낸 것들과는 완전히 상이한 밀봉윤곽과 응용을 실현하는 것이 가능하며 또한 여기에서 언급된 이런 특별한 세라믹들이 우리에게 가장 편리한 세라믹재 또는 세라믹임이 밝혀졌다 할지라도, 여기에 나타낸 것들과는 다른 세라믹재를 쓰는 것이 가능하다. 밀봉죠오의 구성과 구조에 있어서는 극도의 정밀함과 정확도를 유지하는 것이 중요하며, 그러므로 앞서 상술한 것에서 설명된 방법들에 의한 밀봉죠오의 제조 후에는, 한편으로는 개량된 표면의 매끄러움을 얻기위해, 다른 한편으로는 고도한 치수의 정밀함을 얻기위해 전기전도성 세라믹재부(소선) (3) 을 연삭하는 것이 필요하다. 또한 밀봉죠오의 제조에 있어서, 제 3 도에 도시된 것에 따라 몸체를 실현하기 위한 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 를 먼저 제조하고 압력처리 하는것이 필요하고 적당하다는 것이 입증된다. 그후, 몸체 (2) 의 채널 (16)은 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 로 메워지며, 그래서 전 몸체가 다시한번 열과 압력처리를 받아 세라믹재부 (3) 는 견고한 내마멸부를 형성하기위해 소결한다. 하지만, 두 세라믹재부의 동시적인 압력 처리 및 소결이 바람직하며, 이것은 전기전도성 세라믹재부와 전기절연성 세라믹재부 사이에 최상의 결합강도를 부여한다.
본 발명은 도면에 나타나고 상술한 것에 한정된 것으로 여겨져서는 안될 것이며 청구범위에 부가된 진의와 범위를 벗어나지 않은 여러가지 변형들을 상상할 수 있다.

Claims (9)

  1. 견고하며 기계적으로 내구성있는 밀봉을 얻을 목적으로 상호 부착된 열가소성층의 표면융합을 이루기 위해 열가소성 재료 또는 열가소성 물질로 코팅된 재료를 밀봉구역안에서 가열 및 압착시켜 그 재료를 서로 밀봉이나 접합 또는 밀봉 및 접합시키기 위한 장치에 있어서, 두 개의 밀봉죠오가 서로에 대해 움직일 수 있도록, 또한 그들 사이에 밀봉용 재료 (11) 를 수용할 수 있도록 설치되어 있고, 상기 밀봉죠오 중 하나 또는 둘다는 세라믹재부 (2, 3) 를 포함하는 세라믹부를 구비하며, 상기 세라믹재부들 중 하나는 전기절연성을 가지며 다른 하나는 전기전도성을 갖고, 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 는 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 에 매립되는 하나 이상의 연속적인 소선을 형성하고, 이 소선은 그의 말단 (4) 부근에서 전류원에 연결될 수 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  2. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 세라믹부는 금속기판에 고정부착되며, 상기 세라믹부가 부착되는 금속기판의 표면에 걸쳐 천공홀 형태의 냉각 덕트 (7) 또는 개방채널을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  3. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 는 상기 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 가 위치하는 연속적인 채널형 요홈부를 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  4. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 의 소선은 굽은 모양 또는 불연속 형상임을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  5. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 세라믹재부의 소선은 길이를 따라 횡방향이나 깊이방향 또는 횡방향 및 깊이방향으로 불연속 형상을 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  6. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 세라믹재부의 소선은 균일하지 않는 단면적을 갖는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  7. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전기절연성 세라믹재부 (2) 는 ZrO2의 구성량이 체적으로 10 내지 50 퍼센트의 산화지르코늄 (ZrO2) 과 탄화규소 (SiC) 의 혼합물로 이루어지고, 상기 전기전도성 세라믹재부 (3) 는 TiB2의 구성량이 체적으로 20 내지 60 퍼센트의 붕화티타늄 (TiB2) 과 탄화규소 (SiC) 의 혼합물로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 장치.
  8. 분말형태의 세라믹재부 (2, 3) 를 압착 또는 성형작용에 의해 소망형상으로 만들고, 상기 세라믹재부에 상응하는 몸체로 서로 결합시키며, 이 몸체를 최소한 120 분 동안 100 MPa 를 초과하는 압력작용하에 1600 ℃ 내지 1900 ℃ 의 온도로 가열하여, 상기 세라믹재부를 함께 소결하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 제1항에 따른 밀봉죠오의 제조방법.
  9. 제8항에 있어서, 상기 전기전도성 및 전기절연성 세라믹재부는 층으로 서로 겹쳐 부착되고, 소결 처리후 상기 세라믹재부는 요구되는 치수로 연삭가공되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.
KR1019950703702A 1993-03-02 1994-02-25 한개가전기전도성을지닌두개의세라믹재부로구성된밀봉죠오 KR100297625B1 (ko)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9300693A SE501098C2 (sv) 1993-03-02 1993-03-02 Anordning för försegling, sätt vid framställning av en förseglingsback och användning
SE9300693-0 1993-03-02
PCT/IB1994/000025 WO1994020284A1 (en) 1993-03-02 1994-02-25 A sealing jaw constructed from two ceramic materials of which one is electrically conductive

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
KR100297625B1 true KR100297625B1 (ko) 2001-10-22

Family

ID=20389084

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
KR1019950703702A KR100297625B1 (ko) 1993-03-02 1994-02-25 한개가전기전도성을지닌두개의세라믹재부로구성된밀봉죠오

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (1) US5682732A (ko)
EP (1) EP0687215B1 (ko)
JP (3) JP3498959B2 (ko)
KR (1) KR100297625B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN1053608C (ko)
AT (1) ATE175924T1 (ko)
AU (1) AU677288B2 (ko)
BR (1) BR9406224A (ko)
CA (1) CA2157499C (ko)
CZ (1) CZ291023B6 (ko)
DE (1) DE69416113T2 (ko)
ES (1) ES2126741T3 (ko)
NO (2) NO305979B1 (ko)
RU (1) RU2126324C1 (ko)
SE (1) SE501098C2 (ko)
WO (1) WO1994020284A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19548148A1 (de) * 1995-12-22 1997-06-26 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen der beleimten Überlappungsnaht eines Stranges der tabakverarbeitenden Industrie
US6031553A (en) * 1996-10-18 2000-02-29 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Heat activation method for thermosensitive adhesive label, and heat activation apparatus and label printer for the same
JP3623084B2 (ja) 1996-10-18 2005-02-23 株式会社リコー 感熱性粘着ラベルの熱活性化方法及び感熱性粘着ラベルの貼り付け方法
JPH10213324A (ja) * 1997-01-30 1998-08-11 Jidosha Kiki Co Ltd 金属線材の接合方法、セラミックヒータおよびその製造方法
JP4021551B2 (ja) * 1998-04-27 2007-12-12 株式会社イシダ 熱封止装置
DE19904154A1 (de) * 1999-02-03 2000-08-17 Bosch Gmbh Robert Vorrichtung zum Verschließen von aus einem heißsiegelfähigen Material hergestellten Verpackungen
US6789371B1 (en) 1999-04-20 2004-09-14 Jeffrey L. Buysman Tapeless seal bar assembly
SE516574C2 (sv) 1999-08-12 2002-01-29 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Värmeförseglingsback samt sätt att framställa nämnda back
US6260333B1 (en) * 1999-10-19 2001-07-17 Sharon Manufacturing Co., Inc. Pressure pad for a container bottom sealing device
US6315705B1 (en) * 1999-10-20 2001-11-13 International Paper Company Pressure pad having sculpted quadrantal regions
US6657165B1 (en) 2000-11-03 2003-12-02 R. A. Jones & Co. Inc. Sealing system for forming thermal seals and method of operation thereof
DE60113803T2 (de) 2001-04-06 2006-07-06 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. Verpackungsmaschine zur Herstellung von versiegelten Verpackungen für fliessfähige Nahrungsmittel
SE524934C2 (sv) * 2002-11-14 2004-10-26 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Elektrisk anslutning till keramisk förseglingsback samt sätt att åstadkomma nämnda anslutning
US20060130433A1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-06-22 Philip Morris Usa Inc. Multi-stage heater plates for sealing and shrinking overwrap
FR2905935A1 (fr) * 2006-09-18 2008-03-21 Cogema Dispositif de soudage de sac en plastique et procede de chauffage de ses rubans chauffants
US20100132315A1 (en) * 2008-11-28 2010-06-03 Gunn Jonathan R Vertical, form, fill and seal machine with heating element resistant to thermal cycling
US8484937B1 (en) * 2009-03-24 2013-07-16 Land O'lakes, Inc. Methods for sealing overlapped flexible packaging material using an electrical impulse through a conductive element
DE102009046469A1 (de) 2009-11-06 2011-05-12 Optima Filling And Packaging Machines Gmbh Einrichtung zum Versiegeln von Verpackungen
IN2015DN00608A (ko) 2012-07-24 2015-06-26 Procter & Gamble
US9643812B2 (en) 2014-03-06 2017-05-09 The Procter & Gamble Company Method for pleating or shaping a web
US9751291B2 (en) * 2014-03-06 2017-09-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for sealing two moving webs of material together, which webs have portions which are non-planar
US20150251782A1 (en) * 2014-03-06 2015-09-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and Apparatus for Sealing Two Moving Webs of Material Together, Which Webs Have Portions Which are Non-Planar
US9783330B2 (en) 2014-03-06 2017-10-10 The Procter & Gamble Company Method and apparatus for shaping webs in a vertical form, fill, and sealing system
DE102016117834A1 (de) 2016-09-21 2018-03-22 watttron GmbH Siegelorgan
CN110304935B (zh) * 2019-08-08 2021-11-26 贵州大学 一种陶瓷微通道的封装方法

Family Cites Families (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1007693A (en) * 1963-05-16 1965-10-22 Tetra Pak Ab A method of bonding strip metal to a ceramic or other insulating surface
US3262833A (en) * 1963-12-17 1966-07-26 Zelnick Seymour Impulse radiant sealer
DE1604564C3 (de) * 1966-12-31 1974-06-12 Habra-Werk, Wilhelm F. Ott, 6100 Darmstadt Vorrichtung zum Impulsschweißen von Folien aus thermoplastischem Kunststoff oder entsprechend beschichtetem Papier
US4075818A (en) * 1976-06-04 1978-02-28 The Dow Chemical Company Impulse sealing apparatus
DE3107290A1 (de) * 1980-03-03 1982-01-07 Canon K.K., Tokyo Heizvorrichtung
US4292118A (en) * 1980-05-08 1981-09-29 Ihor Wyslotsky Impulse heat generation and sealer apparatus
JPS5823187A (ja) * 1981-08-03 1983-02-10 株式会社日本自動車部品総合研究所 セラミツク構造体およびその製造方法
US4358669A (en) * 1981-08-17 1982-11-09 Emerson Electric Co. Electric heating elements
US5278939A (en) * 1982-09-07 1994-01-11 Kanthal Gmbh Vacuum-molded ceramic fiber electric radiant heating unit with resistance heating coils internally free of fibers
DE3409808A1 (de) * 1984-03-16 1986-02-20 D.I.S. Versand Service GmbH, 4804 Versmold Kaschiervorrichtung zur herstellung von identifikationskarten
FR2607749B1 (fr) * 1986-12-05 1989-03-10 Agences Diffusion Barre de soudure pour matieres plastiques, et machine a fardeler comprenant de telles barres
CN87207238U (zh) * 1987-06-23 1988-10-26 戴景明 微型便携塑封机
JPH01136025A (ja) * 1987-11-20 1989-05-29 Sumitomo Cement Co Ltd 磁気誘導型流量測定用検出管およびその製造方法
US5086210A (en) * 1988-03-29 1992-02-04 Nippondenso Co., Ltd. Mo5 Si3 C ceramic material and glow plug heating element made of the same
JPH01276693A (ja) * 1988-04-27 1989-11-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd セラミック基板の製造方法
DE3828192A1 (de) * 1988-08-19 1990-02-22 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Strahlheizkoerper sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu seiner herstellung
US5321930A (en) * 1988-10-24 1994-06-21 Fbi Brands Ltd. Die for manufacturing a shelf-stable cable top carton
US5352321A (en) * 1989-06-29 1994-10-04 Kurt Held Continuously operating double band press
CN2087128U (zh) * 1990-09-07 1991-10-23 黄永沛 拆卸式塑料封口机
US5389184A (en) * 1990-12-17 1995-02-14 United Technologies Corporation Heating means for thermoplastic bonding
JP2804393B2 (ja) * 1991-07-31 1998-09-24 京セラ株式会社 セラミックヒータ
US5225662A (en) * 1992-01-13 1993-07-06 Husky Injection Molding Systems, Ltd. Flexible heating element for a hot runner housing including method of manufacture and method of installation
CA2066066C (en) * 1992-04-15 2003-01-28 Arnold Edward Perrett Heat sealing element for packaging machines which make lap-sealed pouches
CA2066068C (en) * 1992-04-15 2004-09-28 Arnold Edward Perrett Heat sealing jaw assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP3955838B2 (ja) 2007-08-08
CA2157499A1 (en) 1994-09-15
JP2004042659A (ja) 2004-02-12
ES2126741T3 (es) 1999-04-01
AU677288B2 (en) 1997-04-17
DE69416113D1 (de) 1999-03-04
CZ224895A3 (en) 1996-04-17
JPH08507266A (ja) 1996-08-06
DE69416113T2 (de) 1999-05-27
NO309314B1 (no) 2001-01-15
WO1994020284A1 (en) 1994-09-15
RU2126324C1 (ru) 1999-02-20
NO305979B1 (no) 1999-08-30
CN1053608C (zh) 2000-06-21
EP0687215A1 (en) 1995-12-20
SE501098C2 (sv) 1994-11-14
SE9300693L (sv) 1994-09-03
US5682732A (en) 1997-11-04
NO953330L (no) 1995-08-24
ATE175924T1 (de) 1999-02-15
EP0687215B1 (en) 1999-01-20
CZ291023B6 (cs) 2002-12-11
NO985614L (no) 1998-12-01
JP2006111021A (ja) 2006-04-27
JP3498959B2 (ja) 2004-02-23
NO985614D0 (no) 1998-12-01
CA2157499C (en) 2004-05-25
NO953330D0 (no) 1995-08-24
BR9406224A (pt) 1996-01-09
SE9300693D0 (sv) 1993-03-02
CN1118584A (zh) 1996-03-13
AU6042694A (en) 1994-09-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR100297625B1 (ko) 한개가전기전도성을지닌두개의세라믹재부로구성된밀봉죠오
RU95121633A (ru) Сварочные клещи, изготовленные из двух керамических материалов, один из которых является электропроводным
US3993529A (en) Apparatus for treating plastic loads
IL168429A (en) A semiconductor substrate with a diamond / copper composite material and a method for its production
US5985464A (en) Composite structure, and method of making same
US4645068A (en) Bonding of highly wear-resistant plates, particularly ceramic plates, to a carrier to be protected against wear
JP2506330B2 (ja) 金属とセラミツク類からなる複合材の製造方法
JP3510710B2 (ja) セラミックス基繊維複合部材の製造方法
JPH022835B2 (ko)
JP2745538B2 (ja) セラミックス同士の電気接合方法及び接合用インサート材
JP2006118033A (ja) 組成傾斜超硬合金の作製方法
KR100186933B1 (ko) 고주파 유도가열에 의한 조리용기의 다중바닥 접합방법
JPH03148425A (ja) 熱接着用ヒータユニット
JP2745539B2 (ja) セラミックスと金属との電気接合方法及び接合用インサート材
JP3415414B2 (ja) 熱圧着ツール
JPH05174661A (ja) 開閉器用接点の製造方法
JPH09300104A (ja) 超硬合金系複合工具材
JP2005335194A (ja) バルブ装置及びその製造方法
KR101074262B1 (ko) 반도체 칩 본딩 장치 및 그의 본딩 방법
JPH03193675A (ja) セラミックスの電気接合方法及び電気接合用インサート材
JPS6256502A (ja) 鉄系金属板の表面に超硬質層を一体的に形成するハ−ドフエ−シング法
JP2745522B2 (ja) セラミックスの電気接合方法および接合用発熱部材
JPS60128203A (ja) 電気接点用複合焼結品
JPH0369867B2 (ko)
JP2003273414A (ja) 熱電半導体素子およびその製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A201 Request for examination
E902 Notification of reason for refusal
E701 Decision to grant or registration of patent right
GRNT Written decision to grant
FPAY Annual fee payment

Payment date: 20120503

Year of fee payment: 12

FPAY Annual fee payment

Payment date: 20130502

Year of fee payment: 13