KR100262110B1 - Feed-additive by chitosan and mixed-feed preparation method by using it. - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is to improve the immunity of livestock and to reduce the use of antibiotics and the smell of livestock excrement by using chitosan. CONSTITUTION: Low molecular chitosan, having 3,000-100,000 molecular weight, is dissolved in an organic acid to manufacture a low-molecular chitosan solution. The solution is mixed with wheat hulls and rice bran to have 50% of water content. The mixture is heated at 110-130deg.C for 2 hours and cooled to 60deg.C. A yeast fungus is added to the mixture and fermented in a fermentation tank for 40-50 hours. The mixture is dried to have 30% of water content.

Description

Preparation method of fermentation feed-additive by chitosan

The present invention relates to a cell fermentation feed additive using chitosan and a method for manufacturing the same, and in particular, a functional fungal fermentation feed additive which can improve the immunity of livestock and reduce the use of antibiotics, as well as reduce the smell of livestock excretion, and The manufacturing method is related.

In general, as a method of using chitin and chitosan as feed, it is known that a method of mixing chitin and chitosan in a suitable powder state and mixing about 5% with other feeds to feed livestock as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-48266. However, there is no research on the technology for producing a cell-fermented feed for animals using chitosan, and there is no known feed compound having complex functionalities at home and abroad.

The chitin is a biopolymer extracted from crustaceans as a natural polymer material rich after fiber, and the chitin is an insoluble substance that is insoluble in water and thus becomes a major obstacle in utilizing such chitin.

Recently, with the interest in the treatment of marine waste shellfish by mass fishing of crabs and shrimps, research has been conducted to variously use chitin extracted from these, and these chitin and chitosan were initially used in food factories. Although it was used as a flocculant to recover proteins, etc., which is an effective substance in wastewater, it is recently used for biotechnology, cosmetics, agriculture, environment, etc. such as food, medicine, functional membrane, enzyme and microorganism immobilization carrier. Extensive research is underway.

Chitin, which has been widely used until now, is obtained by pretreatment of shells of crabs or shrimps, which are the chief ingredients of chitin, and then finely chopped or crushed, and the connective tissue is removed from the protein, which is immersed in an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution to remove calcium carbonate.

Various methods of preparing chitin are already known, and briefly explain one example of a known chitin manufacturing method. First, the crab or shrimp are degreased, and the shell is then ground to a size of about 0.5 to 3 cm in order to increase manufacturing efficiency. Next, decalcium carbonate reaction was performed at room temperature in about 5% hydrochloric acid solution, and then immersed in 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and heated at high temperature for several hours to remove protein, and finally several hours in 95% ethanol. There is a method to obtain chitin by refluxing.

However, in the chitin state, it is difficult to decompose in the stomach of animals except poultry, and since the enzymes of chitin tend to be produced by microorganisms or intestinal microorganisms living in the ruminant stomach, In order to be used as a feed additive added to a compound feed such as feed, it is necessary to deacetylate chitin and convert it into chitosan which is water soluble in a weakly acidic liquid. The water-soluble chitosan is industrially used more useful than chitin. .

Such chitosan can be obtained by removing an acetyl group by a biological or chemical treatment in chitin to generate an amino group (-NH ₂ ). Chitosan is advantageous in terms of its chemical reaction and modification since one of the hydroxyl groups present in the cellulose is substituted with an amino group. Chitosan can be obtained by deacetylating insoluble chitin, which is generally obtained by treating 30% to 50% sodium hydroxide solution for 5 to 20 hours using about 20 times the amount of chitin.

In this way, in chitin state, it is difficult to decompose in the stomach of animals except poultry, and because the enzymes of chitin tend to be made by microorganisms or intestinal microorganisms that live on the ruminant's stomach, animal feed It is difficult to use as an additive, and when a large amount of chitosan is used in powder form, the price of the compound feed is increased, resulting in an increase in animal breeding costs.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a multi-functional cell fermentation feed additive using chitosan that can improve the immunity of the livestock and reduce the use of antibiotics, as well as reduce the smell of livestock feces. The object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a chitosan cell fermentation feed additive.

The cell fermentation feed additive according to the present invention for achieving the above object is a fermentation of a mixture of low molecular weight chitosan, a mixture of 3,000 to 100,000 molecular weight low molecular weight chitosan, organic acid, and rice bran and wheat vein using aerobic fermentation bacteria It is characterized by.

In addition, another method for producing a cell fermentation feed additive according to the present invention for achieving the above another object is to mix a low molecular weight chitosan solution prepared by dissolving a low molecular weight chitosan of 3,000 to 100.000 molecular weight in an organic acid and mixed with a predetermined amount of wheat and rice bran After the content is at least 50%, the mixture is heated at a high temperature of 110 to 130 ° C. for a period of time, the mixture is cooled to about 60 ° C., and then fermented bacteria are added to the mixture to mix the mixture, The mixture of the fermented bacteria is stored in a fermenter, fermented for 40-50 hours, and then dried to have a water content of at least 30%.

The chitosan to be used in the present invention is prepared by dissolving chitosan dissolved in an organic acid solution in a general acidic solution having the lowest cost and preparing it as a chitosan solution. Or by spraying directly on blended feed, it is intended to be used in place of airborne sanctions.

Conventional feeds produced with only mono-functional foods are very insufficient for multi-functional feeds such as reducing the use of antibiotics and reducing the smell of excreta while improving the digestive efficiency of feeds required by livestock farmers. In order to meet the needs of farmers, the present invention improves the efficiency of the compound feed necessary for raising livestock by providing a multi-functional cell fermentation feed additive and a manufacturing method combining the bioactive ability of chitosan and fermented bacteria.

As a means to make multi-functional compounded feed for livestock, the applicants first closely analyzed the physiological activity of animals on low molecular weight chitosan and its salts. Among them, low molecular weight chitosan with molecular weight of 3,000 to 50,000 Found the best and soluble in aqueous vitamin C solution. It also reacts with citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and the like to produce organic acid salts.

Chitosan is obtained by deacetylating chitin, a natural polymer polysaccharide widely distributed in crustaceans, fungi and insects such as crabs and shrimps.In order to make chitosan, chitin must be obtained first. Briefly using the method used in the above, first, the shell of crab (shrimp), etc. are removed with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution, and then the high, rinsed, and dried portions are removed with calcium chloride (HCl) solution. After washing with water and drying, chitin is obtained.

When chitin is deacetylated with a high concentration of sodium hydroxide solution and washed and dried, chitosan is obtained. Chitosan, which has excellent physiological activity, is used in many fields such as food, agriculture, and medicine. It is used as additives, health foods and feed supplements.

The chitosan obtained in this way is dissolved in various acidic aqueous solutions and mixed alone or in combination of two or more kinds, or directly mixed with animals or algae, or mixed with each other in the production of cell-fermented feed. Used as feed

In addition, the method of adding to the feed may be mixed during the manufacture of pellets through a high-pressure injector, or may be mixed by the spray method during the manufacture of powder feed. 0.01 to 5% is most effective when added to the blended feed.

Chitosan, which is the main material of the present invention, is an amino polymer polysaccharide that is abundant in nature and can be easily used by being prepared in a relatively simple process.

Not only chitosan is defined as a natural product extract in Korea's Feed Control Act, but also as a dietary supplement and food additive, so that people can easily eat it.

Chitosan not only acts to propagate lactic acid bacteria, which are useful bacteria in the intestines of mammals, but also breaks down and absorbs them into glucosamine by various enzymes produced by microorganisms, thereby activating macrophage function to enhance immune function.

In addition, chitosan can proliferate actinomycetes in the fermentation process and inhibit filamentous fungus, which can shorten the fermentation period in fermentation of Nuruk, as well as simplify the drying process of fermented feed by fermentation in a low moisture state of 50% or less.

Example 1 Chitosan Aqueous Solution

Chitosan can be used for various purposes depending on molecular weight and deacetylation degree.

The characteristics of chitosan for feed additives require uniform distribution of body fat in the animal.

Chitosan has excellent fat adsorption ability, so 1g of chitosan adsorbs and excretes 5g of fat, making it a popular diet food.

In addition, the characteristics of the chitosan for feed additives, as well as antibacterial and antifungal functions, should improve immunity in the animal and excellent cholesterol lowering function.

It should also be well soluble in small amounts of organic acids and readily available as a spray formulation.

The chitosan used in the present invention may be used from the molecular weight 300 of the oligosaccharide to the polymer 500,000, but the oligosaccharide is expensive, and the high molecular weight chitosan does not have high antibacterial activity, so the molecular weight is 3,000 to 100,000 or less.

Example 2 Chitosan Cell Fermentation Feed Additive Manufacturing Method

After mixing well 120kg of rice bran, 120kg of wheat bran, 100l of aqueous chitosan solution prepared in Example 1 was adjusted to 50% moisture.

The composition thus prepared is heated at a temperature of about 120 ° C. for about 2 hours, and then cooled to 60 ° C.

Fermented bacteria are added to the cooled mixture, mixed for about 5 minutes, stored in a fermenter, fermented for approximately 2 days, dried and packaged after drying so that the water content is 30% or less.

The fermented chitosan cell fermentation feed additive fermented as described above is excellent in the ability to decompose methane gas and ammonia gas of manure, and mixes 0.2 to 10% of the mixed feed with various feedstocks of weaning, mammaling and finishing meat to livestock. By contraindication, the digestibility of the feed is improved, the manure smell is low, and the meat can be produced with high quality.

As shown in Table 1 below, in the pig test group administered the compound feed mixed with the cell fermentation feed additive using chitosan according to the present invention, about 0.2 to 10%, 110 kg reaching age in the market place was 4 days higher than the general control group. It was shortened, and the effect of improving the feed efficiency by 6.5% was confirmed.

These results can also be seen as an increase of 29g per day as shown in Table 1.

In addition, the results of the analysis of the meat components of the pigs administered the compound feed mixed with the cellulosic fermentation feed additive using chitosan according to the present invention are shown in Table 2 below, the fillet and ham of the The water content of pigs (A) was higher than that of the normal feed (B), and the fat content was low.

This effect is believed to be effective to supplement the problems of meat quality improvement since pig management must be shifted to increase the added value of export-led.

In addition, in order to determine the effect of the blended feed mixed with a cell fermentation feed additive using chitosan according to the present invention, the application date was subjected to a three-week specification test on 9,832 water of 65 weeks old Issa Brown, and the result is As shown in Table 3 below.

In order to investigate the effect of the compound feed containing 0.2% chitosan cell fermentation feed on the productivity of laying hens, the experimental feed was fed three weeks of 9,832 batches of Is Brown (79.4%, 78.5%, 79.9%). The recommended spawning rate was maintained above 81.2% at 68 weeks of age.

Applicants found the ideal blended feed using a cell-fermented feed additive using chitosan while developing a feed that gave complex functionality beyond the defense against imported feed, which is mostly occupied in the domestic feed market. By using the blended feed of the present invention, not only the domestic feed income is reduced, but also the chitosan's excellent physiological activity improves the immunity of livestock and reduces the use of antibiotics, and maximally activates the physiological function of animals. It promotes growth and speeds up the shipment of livestock, and contributes to productivity improvement through reducing feed and drug costs of farms. Differentially reared livestock enables the production of meat that meets the tastes of modern people. Hyosung that can develop livestock industry as industry A.

In addition, it inhibits intestinal harmful bacteria and activates beneficial bacteria to prevent diarrhea, and can lower the cholesterol content of meat to obtain a good quality meat that can prevent adult diseases, and additionally reduce the smell of manure in the farm. This effect is achieved by appropriately grafting fermentation bacteria and chitosan to decompose fibres, starches, fats, proteins and the like to promote digestion and absorption, and to balance vitamins and intestinal bacteria.

Embodiments described above are merely one example for producing a cell fermentation feed additive using chitosan according to the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, the gist of the present invention claimed in the following claims Various changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

A low molecular weight chitosan solution prepared by dissolving a low molecular weight chitosan having a molecular weight of 3,000 to 100,000 in an organic acid was mixed with a predetermined amount of wheat and rice bran to obtain a water content of 50%, and then the mixture was heated at a high temperature of 110 to 130 ° C. for 2 hours. After heating, the mixture was cooled to 60 ° C., and then fermented bacteria were added to the mixture and mixed in the mixture. Then, the mixture containing the fermented bacteria was stored in a fermenter and fermented for 40-50 hours, and then the water content of the mixture was adjusted. Method for producing a cell fermentation feed additive using chitosan, characterized in that the drying to 30%.