CN108668915B - Fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry breeding in saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry breeding in saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K1/00—Housing animals; Equipment therefor
- A01K1/015—Floor coverings, e.g. bedding-down sheets ; Stable floors
- A01K1/0152—Litter
- A01K1/0155—Litter comprising organic material
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil, in particular to a fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry breeding in saline-alkali soil, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of base material, 10-25 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 10-30 parts of composite functional bacteria and 5-15 parts of carrier. The invention also discloses the fermentation bed padding additive, which has wide application range in practical application, can effectively promote the decomposition of excrement of cultured animals, reduce the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas, has the effects of resisting bacteria and killing insects, eliminates pathogenic microorganisms, can promote the growth of animals, improves the immunity and reduces the feed conversion ratio.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil, in particular to a fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry breeding in saline-alkali soil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the breeding industry in recent years, in order to improve the development and utilization values of saline-alkali soil, the establishment of a large livestock breeding base in the saline-alkali soil becomes a new trend. The biological fermentation bed for breeding livestock and poultry occupies the leading position of the breeding technology due to the characteristics of energy conservation, environmental protection, time saving, labor saving and the like, and mainly realizes the synergistic fermentation of padding of the fermentation bed and excrement discharged by the livestock and poultry, so that the breeding wastes such as the excrement and urine are quickly converted, the odor is eliminated, the multiplication of pests and germs is inhibited, meanwhile, the beneficial microbial flora synthesizes the padding of the fermentation bed and the excrement of the livestock and poultry into nutrient substances such as saccharides, proteins, organic acids, vitamins and the like which can be eaten by the livestock and poultry, a certain food is provided for the livestock and poultry, the disease resistance of the livestock and poultry is promoted, and the healthy growth of the livestock and. However, the existing fermentation bed padding is low in nutrient content and poor in permeability, and although the problems can be solved by some padding additives, the existing padding additives are only used for breeding certain livestock and poultry, so that the application range is small; in addition, when the existing fermentation bed padding is used, livestock and poultry manure is not easy to degrade, harmful germs and worm eggs are easy to breed, the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas is high, the breeding environment is poor, livestock and poultry easily die, and the breeding economic benefit is influenced. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, there is a need to develop a fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry breeding, and establish a preparation method of the fermentation bed padding additive.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects in the prior art, the fermenting bed padding additive for saline-alkali soil livestock and poultry breeding is provided, has a wide application range, inhibits the eggs of the diseases and can also reduce the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide in the breeding environment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fermentation bed padding additive for saline-alkali soil livestock breeding comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of base material, 10-25 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 10-30 parts of composite functional bacteria and 5-15 parts of carrier.
As an improved technical scheme, the fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry breeding in saline-alkali soil further comprises 5-15 parts of a complex enzyme preparation according to parts by weight.
As an improved technical scheme, the compound enzyme preparation comprises phytase, cellulase and xylanase, and the mass ratio of the phytase to the neutral protease to the xylanase is 0.5-1:1-1.5: 0.5-1.
As an improved technical scheme, the base material is prepared by mixing and fermenting Suaeda salsa seed meal, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate rind according to the mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.2-1:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.2-1: 0.2-0.6.
As an improved technical scheme, the Chinese herbal medicine powder is multiple of folium isatidis powder, centella asiatica powder, dandelion powder, licorice powder, peony bark powder and acanthopanax powder which are obtained by drying and crushing.
As an improved technical scheme, the composite functional bacteria are one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, aspergillus niger, lactobacillus plantarum, candida utilis, bacillus cereus and enterococcus faecalis.
As a preferable technical scheme, the composite functional bacteria are prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1-3:0.5-1:0.5-1:1-1.5: 0.5-1.
As an improved technical scheme, the carrier is one or more of zeolite powder, corncob powder, rice bran, medical stone powder and shell powder.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of the fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry cultivation in saline-alkali soil.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry breeding in saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base material: sequentially weighing Suaeda salsa seed meal, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate rind according to the mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.2-1:0.5-1: 0.2-1:0.2-0.6, adding EM (effective microorganisms) and bacillus subtilis, and fermenting at 30-40 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a base material;
(2) preparing Chinese herbal medicine powder: respectively drying and crushing folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, moutan bark and acanthopanax, and sequentially weighing and uniformly mixing according to parts by weight to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;
(3) mixing materials: and (3) weighing the composite functional bacteria, the carrier, the base material in the step (1) and the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the step (2) in sequence according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fermentation bed padding additive.
As an improved technical scheme, the complex enzyme preparation is also required to be weighed according to the parts by weight when the materials are mixed in the step (3).
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the invention mainly has the following advantages:
(1) the base material is prepared by fermenting oil-pressed suaeda salsa seed residues, cottonseed meal, bean cakes, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate rind serving as raw materials through EM (effective microorganisms) and bacillus subtilis, and the suaeda salsa seed meal and the sea asparagus seed meal contain abundant proteins, crude fibers and a small amount of natural plant salt components and can provide nutrient substances for livestock and poultry; the cottonseed meal and the soybean meal contain nutritional ingredients such as protein, amino acid, fat, calcium, phosphorus and the like, growth promoting factors and the like, and the amino acid has complete composition, is easy to absorb and utilize and promotes the growth of animals; the base material obtained from the components can supplement nutrition for the growth of livestock and poultry;
(2) the Chinese herbal medicine powder is prepared by drying and crushing folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, moutan bark and acanthopanax senticosus, and is reasonable in matching by adopting a traditional Chinese medicine compatibility principle, and the Chinese herbal medicine powder contains multiple active ingredients, so that the immunity of an animal body can be improved, the anti-infection capability of the body can be enhanced, and the Chinese herbal medicine powder has the effects of sterilizing and killing pathogenic microorganisms;
(3) the composite functional bacteria are compatible with bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and enterococcus faecalis, and the safety, the properties and the compatibility of various bacteria are considered, so that the padding additive containing the composite functional bacteria is added to padding, on one hand, the padding additive is beneficial to decomposing excrement, reduces the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide, and has the effects of sterilization and deodorization; on the other hand, the feed additive can improve the gastrointestinal environment of cultured animals, promote the ingestion of the animals, reduce the feed conversion ratio and promote the growth of livestock and poultry.
(4) The compound enzyme preparation is used by matching phytase, neutral protease and xylanase, and the phytase can improve the biological utilization rate of plant phosphorus in plants and eliminate the effect of reducing the valence of the phytic acid to mineral elements; the neutral protease and the xylanase can reduce anti-nutritional factors in the padding, promote the decomposition of macromolecular protein and polysaccharide, improve the digestibility of the feed, and cooperate with the composite functional bacteria to build the healthy intestinal environment of livestock and poultry and promote the growth.
In conclusion, the padding additive disclosed by the invention is wide in raw material source, reasonable in component matching and rich in nutrition, can be suitable for being added in the culture of different livestock and poultry fermentation beds, can inhibit the eggs of the pests, creates a good environment for the culture of the livestock and poultry, and greatly reduces the concentration of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas in the culture environment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A fermentation bed padding additive for saline-alkali soil livestock breeding comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of base materials (prepared by mixing and fermenting Suaeda salsa seed meal, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate rind according to the mass ratio of 0.5:0.2: 0.2), 12 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder (prepared by mixing dried and crushed dyers woad leaf, centella, dandelion, liquorice, tree peony bark and acanthopanax root Chinese medicinal powder respectively 2 parts), 15 parts of composite functional bacteria (prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.5:1: 0.5) and 5 parts of carriers.
As an improved technical scheme, the carrier is at least one of zeolite powder, corncob powder, rice bran, medical stone powder and shell powder.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base material: sequentially weighing Suaeda salsa seed meal, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate rind according to the mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.2-1:0.5-1: 0.2-1:0.2-0.6, adding EM (effective microorganisms) and bacillus subtilis, and fermenting at 30-40 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a base material;
(2) preparing Chinese herbal medicine powder: respectively drying and crushing folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, moutan bark and acanthopanax, and sequentially weighing and uniformly mixing according to parts by weight to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;
(3) mixing materials: and (3) weighing the composite functional bacteria, the carrier, the base material in the step (1) and the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the step (2) in sequence according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fermentation bed padding additive.
Example 2
A fermentation bed padding additive for saline-alkali soil livestock breeding comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of base material, 18 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder (J, 3 parts of dried and crushed dyers woad leaf, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, tree peony bark and acanthopanax root Chinese medicinal powder respectively), 15 parts of composite functional bacteria (prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, aspergillus niger, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1.5:0.7:0.5:0.5:1: 0.5), 10 parts of composite enzyme preparation (the mass ratio of phytase, neutral protease and xylanase is 0.5:1:0.5) and 8 parts of carrier (zeolite powder and corn cob powder are mixed according to the ratio of 1: 1).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base material: sequentially weighing suaeda salsa seed meal, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate peel according to the mass ratio of 1:0.3:0.5:0.7:0.5:0.3, adding 0.1EM (effective microorganisms) and 0.3% of bacillus subtilis based on the total weight of the raw materials, and fermenting at 33 ℃ for 3 days to obtain a base material;
(2) preparing Chinese herbal medicine powder: respectively drying and crushing folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, moutan bark and acanthopanax, and sequentially weighing and uniformly mixing according to parts by weight to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;
(3) mixing materials: and (3) weighing the composite functional bacteria, the composite enzyme preparation and the carrier, the base material in the step (1) and the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the step (2) in sequence according to the parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fermentation bed padding additive.
Example 3
A fermentation bed padding additive for saline-alkali soil livestock breeding comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of base material, 20 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder (3 parts of folium isatidis, 2 parts of centella asiatica, 5 parts of dandelion, 3 parts of liquorice, 4 parts of moutan bark and 3 parts of acanthopanax senticosus), 20 parts of composite functional bacteria (prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1.5:0.8:0.5:1.2: 0.6), 10 parts of composite enzyme preparation (the mass ratio of phytase, neutral protease and xylanase is 0.7:1.2:0.7) and 10 parts of carrier (zeolite powder, corncob powder, rice bran, medical stone powder and shell powder).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base material: sequentially weighing suaeda salsa seed meal, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate peel according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.6:0.7:0.7:0.4, adding 0.2% of EM (effective microorganisms) and 0.3% of bacillus subtilis based on the total weight of the raw materials, and fermenting for 4 days at 35 ℃ to obtain a base material;
(2) preparing Chinese herbal medicine powder: respectively drying and crushing folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, moutan bark and acanthopanax, and sequentially weighing and uniformly mixing according to parts by weight to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;
(3) mixing materials: and (3) weighing the composite functional bacteria, the composite enzyme preparation and the carrier, the base material in the step (1) and the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the step (2) in sequence according to the parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fermentation bed padding additive.
Example 4
A fermentation bed padding additive for saline-alkali soil livestock breeding comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of base material, 22 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder (3 parts of dyers woad leaf, 3 parts of centella asiatica, 4 parts of dandelion, 3 parts of liquorice, 4 parts of moutan bark and 5 parts of acanthopanax root), 25 parts of composite functional bacteria (formed by mixing bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 2:1:0.8:1: 0.8), 12 parts of composite enzyme preparation (formed by mixing phytase, neutral protease and xylanase according to the mass ratio of 0.8:1.2:1) and 12 parts of carrier (formed by mixing zeolite powder, rice bran, medical stone powder and shell powder according to the mass ratio of 0.5:0.5:0.7: 0.7).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base material: sequentially weighing the suaeda salsa seed meal, the cottonseed meal, the soybean meal, the sea asparagus seed meal, the grape skin and the pomegranate peel according to the mass ratio of 1.8:1:0.7:1:0.7:0.5, adding 0.3 percent of EM (effective microorganisms) and 0.6 percent of bacillus subtilis based on the total weight of the raw materials, and fermenting for 4 days at 36 ℃ to obtain a base material;
(2) preparing Chinese herbal medicine powder: respectively drying and crushing folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, moutan bark and acanthopanax, and sequentially weighing and uniformly mixing according to parts by weight to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;
(3) mixing materials: and (3) weighing the composite functional bacteria, the composite enzyme preparation and the carrier, the base material in the step (1) and the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the step (2) in sequence according to the parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fermentation bed padding additive.
Example 5
A fermentation bed padding additive for saline-alkali soil livestock breeding comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts of base material, 24 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder (folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, tree peony bark and acanthopanax senticosus 4 parts each), 30 parts of composite functional bacteria (prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 3:1:1:1.5: 1), 15 parts of composite enzyme preparation (prepared by mixing phytase, neutral protease and xylanase according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5:1) and 15 parts of carrier (prepared by mixing zeolite powder, rice bran and medical stone powder according to the mass ratio of 1:2: 1).
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a base material: sequentially weighing the suaeda salsa seed meal, the cottonseed meal, the soybean meal, the sea asparagus seed meal, the grape skin and the pomegranate rind according to the mass ratio of 2:1:1:1: 0.6, adding 0.5 percent of EM (effective microorganisms) and 0.8 percent of bacillus subtilis based on the total weight of the raw materials, and fermenting for 5 days at 40 ℃ to obtain a base material;
(2) preparing Chinese herbal medicine powder: respectively drying and crushing folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, moutan bark and acanthopanax, and sequentially weighing and uniformly mixing according to parts by weight to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;
(3) mixing materials: and (3) weighing the composite functional bacteria, the composite enzyme preparation and the carrier, the base material in the step (1) and the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the step (2) in sequence according to the parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fermentation bed padding additive.
In order to better prove the better effect of the bedding material additive, the bedding material additive in the invention of the embodiments 3, 4 and 5 is added to the fermentation bed bedding materials for chicken breeding, cattle breeding and pig breeding according to the dosage of 0.2-0.5% of the weight of the bedding material, wherein the control group is the fermentation bed breeding without the additive, and the breeding test results are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1
The test results in the table 1 show that the fermentation bed padding is suitable for breeding pigs, cattle and chickens, has a wide application range, increases the feed intake of the livestock and poultry, reduces the feed-weight ratio, improves the feed conversion rate, improves the average weight gain of the livestock and poultry, reduces the morbidity and mortality, improves the immunity and stress resistance of the livestock and poultry, reduces the use of antibiotics, obviously reduces the concentrations of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide gas, greatly reduces the odor of livestock and poultry excrement, creates a good breeding environment for livestock and poultry breeding, and greatly improves the economic benefit compared with a control group which does not adopt the fermentation bed breeding.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry breeding in saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of base material, 10-25 parts of Chinese herbal medicine powder, 10-30 parts of composite functional bacteria, 5-15 parts of carrier and 5-15 parts of complex enzyme preparation;
the base material is prepared by mixing and fermenting Suaeda salsa seed meal, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate rind according to the mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.2-1:0.5-1:0.5-1:0.2-1: 0.2-0.6;
the Chinese herbal medicine powder is multiple of folium isatidis powder, centella asiatica powder, dandelion powder, liquorice powder, peony bark powder and acanthopanax powder which are obtained by drying and crushing;
the composite functional bacteria are one or more of bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, aspergillus niger, lactobacillus plantarum, candida utilis, bacillus cereus and enterococcus faecalis;
the compound enzyme preparation comprises phytase, neutral protease and xylanase in a mass ratio of 0.5-1:1-1.5: 0.5-1.
2. The fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry cultivation in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the composite functional bacteria are prepared by mixing bacillus subtilis, bacillus natto, bacillus coagulans, candida utilis and enterococcus faecalis according to the mass ratio of 1-3:0.5-1:0.5-1:1-1.5: 0.5-1.
3. The fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry cultivation in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the carrier is one or more of zeolite powder, corncob powder, rice bran, medical stone powder and shell powder.
4. The preparation method of the fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry cultivation in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a base material: sequentially weighing Suaeda salsa seed meal, cottonseed meal, soybean meal, sea asparagus seed meal, grape skin and pomegranate rind according to the mass ratio of 0.5-2:0.2-1:0.5-1: 0.2-1:0.2-0.6, adding EM (effective microorganisms) and bacillus subtilis, and fermenting at 30-40 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a base material;
(2) preparing Chinese herbal medicine powder: respectively drying and crushing folium isatidis, centella asiatica, dandelion, liquorice, moutan bark and acanthopanax, and sequentially weighing and uniformly mixing according to parts by weight to obtain Chinese herbal medicine powder;
(3) mixing materials: and (3) weighing the composite functional bacteria, the carrier, the base material in the step (1) and the Chinese herbal medicine powder in the step (2) in sequence according to parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the fermentation bed padding additive.
5. The preparation method of the fermentation bed padding additive for livestock and poultry cultivation in saline-alkali soil according to claim 4, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) weighing the complex enzyme preparation according to the parts by weight during material mixing.
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Denomination of invention: A fermented mattress material additive for livestock and poultry breeding in saline alkali land and its preparation method Effective date of registration: 20231016 Granted publication date: 20210504 Pledgee: China Postal Savings Bank Co.,Ltd. Weifang Weicheng District Branch Pledgor: Shandong Shengwei animal husbandry Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980061279 |
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