JPWO2020162126A1 - 水性塗料組成物 - Google Patents
水性塗料組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2020162126A1 JPWO2020162126A1 JP2020526456A JP2020526456A JPWO2020162126A1 JP WO2020162126 A1 JPWO2020162126 A1 JP WO2020162126A1 JP 2020526456 A JP2020526456 A JP 2020526456A JP 2020526456 A JP2020526456 A JP 2020526456A JP WO2020162126 A1 JPWO2020162126 A1 JP WO2020162126A1
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- coating film
- water
- polyol
- urethane resin
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 271
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 264
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 206
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 173
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 104
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC=C1CN=C=O FKTHNVSLHLHISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 104
- -1 and in general Substances 0.000 description 96
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 92
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 73
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 56
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 56
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 55
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 54
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 45
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 35
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 30
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 30
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 30
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 30
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 30
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 23
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 20
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 18
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 15
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 14
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 13
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 11
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 11
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 description 8
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920003180 amino resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CO YIWUKEYIRIRTPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 7
- KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate Chemical compound C1CC(N=C=O)CCC1CC1CCC(N=C=O)CC1 KORSJDCBLAPZEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- MWXWNYHYPMRCHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Bi].C(C)C(C(=O)O)CCCC.C(C)C(C(=O)O)CCCC.C(C)C(C(=O)O)CCCC Chemical compound [Bi].C(C)C(C(=O)O)CCCC.C(C)C(C(=O)O)CCCC.C(C)C(C(=O)O)CCCC MWXWNYHYPMRCHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229960002887 deanol Drugs 0.000 description 6
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920005906 polyester polyol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-Bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)C(O)=O PTBDIHRZYDMNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940117969 neopentyl glycol Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012972 dimethylethanolamine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920000909 polytetrahydrofuran Polymers 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 4
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3S)-octan-3-ol Natural products CCCCCC(O)CC NMRPBPVERJPACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(isocyanatomethyl)benzene Chemical compound O=C=NCC1=CC=CC(CN=C=O)=C1 RTTZISZSHSCFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FWWWRCRHNMOYQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-diisocyanato-2,4-dimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O FWWWRCRHNMOYQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1-hexanol Natural products CCCCC(O)CCC WOFPPJOZXUTRAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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Abstract
Description
工程(1):被塗物上に、水性第1着色塗料(X)を塗装して第1着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):前記工程(1)で形成された第1着色塗膜上に、水性第2着色塗料(Y)を塗装して第2着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):前記工程(2)で形成された第2着色塗膜上に、クリヤ塗料(Z)を塗装してクリヤ塗膜を形成する工程、及び
工程(4):前記工程(1)〜(3)で形成された第1着色塗膜、第2着色塗膜及びクリヤ塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を順次行う複層塗膜形成方法における水性第1着色塗料(X)として使用される水性塗料組成物であって、
前記水性塗料組成物が、
アクリル樹脂(A)及びポリエステル樹脂(B)から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂、
硬化剤(C)、並びに
キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有するポリイソシアネート成分(d1)と、ポリオール成分(d2)とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂粒子(D)、
を含有する、水性塗料組成物。
項2.前記ポリオール成分(d2)が、ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)及びポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)を含有する、項1に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項3.前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)の数平均分子量が、1600〜4000である、項2に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項4.前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の数平均分子量が、1600〜4000である、項2又は3に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項5.前記ポリオール成分(d2)中の、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)及び前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の含有割合が、ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)/ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の質量比で、95/5〜50/50 である、項2〜4のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項6.前記ウレタン樹脂粒子(D)が、コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)である、項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項7.前記コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のコア部を構成するポリイソシアネート成分(I−d1)が、前記キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有する、項6に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項8.前記コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のコア部を構成するポリオール成分(I−d2)が、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)を含有し、シェル部を構成するポリオール成分(II−d2)が、前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)を含有する、項6又は7に記載の水性塗料組成物。
工程(1):被塗物上に、水性第1着色塗料(X)を塗装して第1着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):前記工程(1)で形成された第1着色塗膜上に、水性第2着色塗料(Y)を塗装して第2着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):前記工程(2)で形成された第2着色塗膜上に、クリヤ塗料(Z)を塗装してクリヤ塗膜を形成する工程、及び
工程(4):前記工程(1)〜(3)で形成された第1着色塗膜、第2着色塗膜及びクリヤ塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を順次行う複層塗膜形成方法であって、
前記水性第1着色塗料(X)が、
アクリル樹脂(A)及びポリエステル樹脂(B)から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂、
硬化剤(C)、並びに
キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有するポリイソシアネート成分(d1)と、ポリオール成分(d2)とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂粒子(D)、
を含有する、水性塗料組成物である、複層塗膜形成方法。
項10.前記ポリオール成分(d2)が、ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)及びポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)を含有する、項9に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
項11.前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)の数平均分子量が、1600〜4000である、項10に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
項12.前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の数平均分子量が、1600〜4000である、項10又は11に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
項13.前記ポリオール成分(d2)中の、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)及び前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の含有割合が、ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)/ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の質量比で、95/5〜50/50である、項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
項14.前記ウレタン樹脂粒子(D)が、コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)である、項9〜13のいずれか1項に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
項15.前記コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のコア部を構成するポリイソシアネート成分(I−d1)が、前記キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有する、項14に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
項16.前記コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のコア部を構成するポリオール成分(I−d2)が、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)を含有し、シェル部を構成するポリオール成分(II−d2)が、前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)を含有する、項14又は15に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
本発明の水性塗料組成物(以下、「本塗料」と略称する場合がある)は、下記の工程(1)〜(4)、
工程(1):被塗物上に、水性第1着色塗料(X)を塗装して第1着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):前記工程(1)で形成された第1着色塗膜上に、水性第2着色塗料(Y)を塗装して第2着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):前記工程(2)で形成された第2着色塗膜上に、クリヤ塗料(Z)を塗装してクリヤ塗膜を形成する工程、及び
工程(4):前記工程(1)〜(3)で形成された第1着色塗膜、第2着色塗膜及びクリヤ塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を順次行う複層塗膜形成方法における水性第1着色塗料(X)として使用される水性塗料組成物であって、
アクリル樹脂(A)及びポリエステル樹脂(B)から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂、硬化剤(C)、並びにキシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有するポリイソシアネート成分(d1)と、ポリオール成分(d2)とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂粒子(D)を含有する。
アクリル樹脂(A)としては、従来から水性塗料に使用されているそれ自体既知の水溶性又は水分散性のアクリル樹脂を使用することができる。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A1)は、例えば、水酸基含有重合性不飽和モノマー及び該水酸基含有重合性不飽和モノマーと共重合可能な他の重合性不飽和モノマーを、それ自体既知の方法、例えば、有機溶媒中での溶液重合法、水中でのエマルション重合法等の方法により共重合せしめることによって製造することができる。
(i) アルキル又はシクロアルキル(メタ)アクリレート:例えば、メチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n−プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、イソプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、tert−ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、n−ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、n−オクチル(メタ)アクリレート、2−エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ノニル(メタ)アクリレート、トリデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、イソステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、メチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、t−ブチルシクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロドデシル(メタ)アクリレート、トリシクロデカニル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(ii) イソボルニル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(iii) アダマンチル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(iv) トリシクロデセニル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:トリシクロデセニル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(v) 芳香環含有重合性不飽和モノマー:ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン等。
(vi) アルコキシシリル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(2−メトキシエトキシ)シラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン等。
(vii) フッ素化アルキル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:パーフルオロブチルエチル(メタ)アクリレート、パーフルオロオクチルエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のパーフルオロアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;フルオロオレフィン等。
(viii) マレイミド基等の光重合性官能基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー。
(ix) ビニル化合物:N−ビニルピロリドン、エチレン、ブタジエン、クロロプレン、プロピオン酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル等。
(x) カルボキシル基含有重合性不飽和モノマー:(メタ)アクリル酸、マレイン酸、クロトン酸、β−カルボキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(xi) 含窒素重合性不飽和モノマー:(メタ)アクリロニトリル、(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N−ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジエチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピル(メタ)アクリルアミド、メチレンビス(メタ)アクリルアミド、エチレンビス(メタ)アクリルアミド、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレートとアミン化合物との付加物等。
(xii) 重合性不飽和基を1分子中に2個以上有する重合性不飽和モノマー:アリル(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,4−ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6−ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート等。
(xiii) エポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマー:グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、β−メチルグリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル(メタ)アクリレート、3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルエチル(メタ)アクリレート、3,4−エポキシシクロヘキシルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、アリルグリシジルエーテル等。
(xiv) 分子末端がアルコキシ基であるポリオキシエチレン鎖を有する(メタ)アクリレート。
(xv) スルホン酸基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:2−アクリルアミド−2−メチルプロパンスルホン酸、2−スルホエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アリルスルホン酸、4−スチレンスルホン酸等;これらスルホン酸のナトリウム塩及びアンモニウム塩等。
(xvi) リン酸基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:アシッドホスホオキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アシッドホスホオキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、アシッドホスホオキシポリ(オキシエチレン)グリコール(メタ)アクリレート、アシッドホスホオキシポリ(オキシプロピレン)グリコール(メタ)アクリレート等。
(xvii) 紫外線吸収性官能基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:2−ヒドロキシ−4(3−メタクリロイルオキシ−2−ヒドロキシプロポキシ)ベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−(3−アクリロイルオキシ−2−ヒドロキシプロポキシ)ベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4−(3−メタクリロイルオキシ−2−ヒドロキシプロポキシ)ベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4−(3−アクリロイルオキシ−2−ヒドロキシプロポキシ)ベンゾフェノン、2−[2−ヒドロキシ−5−[2−(メタクリロイルオキシ)エチル]フェニル]−2H−ベンゾトリアゾール等。
(xviii) 光安定性重合性不飽和モノマー:4−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ1,2,2,6,6−ペンタメチルピペリジン、4−(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン、4−シアノ−4−(メタ)アクリロイルアミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン、1−(メタ)アクリロイル−4−(メタ)アクリロイルアミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン、1−(メタ)アクリロイル−4−シアノ−4−(メタ)アクリロイルアミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン、4−クロトノイルオキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン、4−クロトノイルアミノ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン、1−クロトノイル−4−クロトノイルオキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン等。
(xix) カルボニル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:アクロレイン、ダイアセトンアクリルアミド、ダイアセトンメタクリルアミド、アセトアセトキシエチルメタクリレート、ホルミルスチロール、4〜7個の炭素原子を有するビニルアルキルケトン(例えば、ビニルメチルケトン、ビニルエチルケトン、ビニルブチルケトン)等。
(xx) 酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸等。
ポリエステル樹脂(B)としては、従来から水性塗料に使用されているそれ自体既知の水溶性又は水分散性のポリエステル樹脂を使用することができる。
水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(B1)は、通常、酸成分とアルコール成分とのエステル化反応又はエステル交換反応によって製造することができる。
硬化剤(C)は、上記アクリル樹脂(A)及びポリエステル樹脂(B)中の架橋性官能基と反応して、水性第1着色塗料(X)を硬化し得る化合物である。該硬化剤(C)は、単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
ウレタン樹脂粒子(D)は、キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有するポリイソシアネート成分(d1)と、ポリオール成分(d2)とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂粒子である。換言すれば、ウレタン樹脂粒子(D)は、キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有するポリイソシアネート成分(d1)と、ポリオール成分(d2)との反応生成物である。
本発明において、ポリイソシアネート成分(d1)は、キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有する。
ジイソシアネート(d1−1)は、キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネートである。
上記キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)以外のポリイソシアネート(d1−2)としては、例えば、イソホロンジイソシアネート(IPDI)、2,4−トリレンジイソシアネート(2,4−TDI)及びこれと2,6−トリレンジイソシアネート(2,6−TDI)の混合物、4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、1,4−フェニレンジイソシアネート、1,5−ナフタレンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート(HMDI)、トリメチルヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、シクロヘキサン−1,4−ジイソシアネート、4,4’−ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート(水添MDI)、テトラメチルキシリレンジイソシアネート等を使用することができる。
ポリオール成分(d2)は、1分子中に少なくとも2個の水酸基を有する化合物である。なかでも、ウレタン樹脂粒子(D)の製造性の観点から、該ポリオール成分(d2)は、1分子中に2個の水酸基を有するジオールであることが好ましい。
HO−R−(O−C(O)−O−R)x−OH
(式中RはC1-12アルキレン基又はC1-3アルキレン−C3-8シクロアルキレン−C1-3アルキレン基を示し、xは分子の繰返し単位の数を示し、通常5〜50の整数である。複数のRは同一でも異なっていても良い)
で示される化合物等を使用することができる。これらは、ポリオールと置換カーボネート(炭酸ジエチル、ジフェニルカーボネート等)とを水酸基が過剰となる条件で反応させるエステル交換法、前記飽和脂肪族ポリオールとホスゲンを反応させるか、又は必要に応じて、その後さらに飽和脂肪族ポリオールを反応させる方法等により得ることができる。
ポリオール成分(d2)の有する活性水素基/ポリイソシアネート成分(d1)の有するイソシアネート基
のモル比で、1/1.01〜1/3.0であることが好ましく、1/1.05〜1/2.0であることがさらに好ましい。
コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)は、キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有するポリイソシアネート成分(d1)と、ポリオール成分(d2)とを含む構成成分から得られる、コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子である。
1.まず最初に、親水性基を含有する水酸基末端のウレタン樹脂(II)を合成する。
2.次にウレタン樹脂(I)を構成する原材料を追加して、ウレタン樹脂(II)にウレタン樹脂(I)がグラフトした、イソシアネート末端のプレポリマーを合成する。
3.得られたプレポリマーを乳化し、必要に応じてさらに、鎖伸長反応、脱溶剤を行うことによりコアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)を得る。
ウレタン樹脂(II)は、コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のシェル部を構成するものであり、ポリイソシアネート成分(II−d1)、ポリオール成分(II−d2)、及び必要に応じてさらに水分散基付与成分としての活性水素基とイオン形成基とを併有する化合物を使用して合成することができる。
ポリオール成分(II−d2)の有する活性水素基/ポリイソシアネート成分(II−d1)の有するイソシアネート基
のモル比で、1.01/1〜3.0/1であることが好ましく、1.05/1〜2.0/1であることがさらに好ましい。
コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)は、上記ウレタン樹脂(II)の存在下にウレタン樹脂(I)を合成(すなわち、ウレタン樹脂(II)ユニットに続き、ウレタン樹脂(I)ユニットを合成)して、ウレタン樹脂(II)にウレタン樹脂(I)をグラフトすることにより、2段階でプレポリマーを合成し、水系媒体中に分散(必要に応じてさらに鎖伸長反応)することにより得られるコアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子であることが好ましい。
ポリオール成分(I−d2)の有する活性水素基/ポリイソシアネート成分(I−d1)の有するイソシアネート基
のモル比で、1/1.01〜1/3.0であることが好ましく、1/1.05〜1/2.5であることがさらに好ましい。
上記プレポリマーに、必要に応じ前記イオン形成基に対する中和剤、及び脱イオン水を添加して、水分散(乳化)を行い、必要に応じてさらに、鎖伸長反応、脱溶剤を行うことにより、コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)の水分散液を得ることができる。
ポリオール成分(d2)の有する活性水素基/ポリイソシアネート成分(d1)の有するイソシアネート基
のモル比で、1/1.01〜1/3.0であることが好ましく、1/1.05〜1/2.0であることがさらに好ましい。
その他の成分
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、さらに必要に応じて、アクリル樹脂(A)、ポリエステル樹脂(B)、硬化剤(C)、及びウレタン樹脂粒子(D)以外の樹脂、顔料、有機溶剤、硬化触媒、分散剤、沈降防止剤、消泡剤、増粘剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、表面調整剤等を含有することができる。
複層塗膜形成方法
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、下記の工程(1)〜(4)、
工程(1):被塗物上に、水性第1着色塗料(X)を塗装して第1着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):前記工程(1)で形成された第1着色塗膜上に、水性第2着色塗料(Y)を塗装して第2着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):前記工程(2)で形成された第2着色塗膜上に、クリヤ塗料(Z)を塗装してクリヤ塗膜を形成する工程、及び
工程(4):前記工程(1)〜(3)で形成された第1着色塗膜、第2着色塗膜及びクリヤ塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を順次行う複層塗膜形成方法における水性第1着色塗料(X)として使用される水性塗料組成物である。
工程(1):被塗物上に、水性第1着色塗料(X)を塗装して第1着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):前記工程(1)で形成された第1着色塗膜上に、水性第2着色塗料(Y)を塗装して第2着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):前記工程(2)で形成された第2着色塗膜上に、クリヤ塗料(Z)を塗装してクリヤ塗膜を形成する工程、及び
工程(4):前記工程(1)〜(3)で形成された第1着色塗膜、第2着色塗膜及びクリヤ塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を順次行う複層塗膜形成方法であって、該水性第1着色塗料(X)が、本発明の水性塗料組成物である、複層塗膜形成方法を含む。
被塗物
本発明に従い水性塗料組成物を適用し得る被塗物としては、特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、乗用車、トラック、オートバイ、バス等の自動車車体の外板部;自動車部品;携帯電話、オーディオ機器等の家庭電気製品の外板部等を挙げることができ、なかでも、自動車車体の外板部及び自動車部品が好ましい。
工程(1)
被塗物上には、まず水性第1着色塗料(X)が塗装される。水性第1着色塗料(X)としては、前記の本発明の水性塗料組成物が塗装され、第1着色塗膜が形成される。
工程(2)
工程(2)においては、上記工程(1)で形成された第1着色塗膜上に、水性第2着色塗料(Y)が塗装され第2着色塗膜が形成される。
工程(3)
工程(3)においては、上記工程(2)で形成される第2着色塗膜上に、クリヤ塗料(Z)が塗装され、クリヤ塗膜が形成される。
工程(4)
本発明の複層塗膜形成方法においては、上記工程(1)〜(3)で形成される未硬化の第1着色塗膜、未硬化の第2着色塗膜及び未硬化のクリヤ塗膜が、同時に加熱硬化せしめられる。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(A1)の製造
製造例1
温度計、サーモスタット、撹拌装置、還流冷却器及び滴下装置を備えた反応容器に、脱イオン水70.7部及び「アクアロンKH−10」(商品名、第一工業製薬社製、乳化剤、有効成分97%)0.52部を仕込み、窒素気流中で撹拌混合し、80℃に昇温した。次いで、下記のモノマー乳化物のうちの全量の1%量及び6%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液5部を反応容器内に導入し80℃で15分間保持した。その後、残りのモノマー乳化物を3時間かけて、同温度に保持した反応容器内に滴下し、滴下終了後1時間熟成した。その後、5% 2−(ジメチルアミノ)エタノール水溶液40部を反応容器に徐々に加えながら30℃まで冷却し、100メッシュのナイロンクロスで濾過しながら排出し、固形分濃度45%の水酸基含有アクリル樹脂エマルション(A1−1)を得た。得られた水酸基含有アクリル樹脂の水酸基価は43mgKOH/g、酸価は12mgKOH/gであった。
水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(B1)の製造
製造例2
温度計、サーモスタット、攪拌装置、還流冷却器及び水分離器を備えた反応容器に、トリメチロールプロパン174部、ネオペンチルグリコール327部、アジピン酸352部、イソフタル酸109部及び1,2−シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸無水物101部を仕込み、160℃から230℃まで3時間かけて昇温させた。次いで、生成した縮合水を水分離器により留去させながら230℃で保持し、酸価が3mgKOH/g以下となるまで反応させた。この反応生成物に、無水トリメリット酸59部を添加し、170℃で30分間付加反応を行った後、50℃以下に冷却した。次いで、2−(ジメチルアミノ)エタノールを酸基に対して当量添加して中和してから、脱イオン水を徐々に添加することにより、固形分濃度45%、pH7.2の水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂溶液(B1−1)を得た。得られた水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂は、水酸基価が128mgKOH/g、酸価が35mgKOH/g、重量平均分子量が13,000であった。
製造例3
温度計、サーモスタット、攪拌装置、還流冷却器及び水分離器を備えた反応容器に、「PTMG1000」(商品名、三菱ケミカル社製、数平均分子量が1000であるポリテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール)225.0部、「ETERNACOLL UH−100」(商品名、宇部興産社製、数平均分子量が1000であるポリカーボネートジオール)111.0部、シクロヘキサンジメタノール0.9部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸16.3部及びメチルエチルケトン290部を仕込み、撹拌しながら70℃まで昇温させた。次いで、「タケネート500」(商品名、三井化学社製、キシリレンジイソシアネート)98.5部を30分かけて滴下し、70℃を保持して撹拌を続け、遊離イソシアネート基含有量8.0%のNCO末端プレポリマーを得た。得られた反応物を30℃に冷却し、ジメチルエタノールアミン6.5部及び脱イオン水761.5部を加え、乳化させた。その後、これに5%ジエチレントリアミン水溶液74.1部を添加し、120分間撹拌して、鎖伸長反応を行なった。次いで、メチルエチルケトンを減圧加熱下に留去し、脱イオン水で濃度調整して、固形分35%、酸価15mgKOH/g、平均粒子径145nmのウレタン樹脂粒子分散液(D−1)を得た。ウレタン樹脂粒子分散液(D−1)のポリエーテルポリオール/ポリカーボネートポリオールの質量比は、67/33であった。
製造例3において、配合組成を下記表1−1、表1−2に示す通りとする以外は、製造例3と同様にして、ウレタン樹脂粒子分散液(D−2)〜(D−15)を得た。
(注1)「タケネート600」:商品名、三井化学社製、1,3−水添キシリレンジイソシアネート。
(注2)「フォルティモ」:商品名、三井化学社製、1,4−水添キシリレンジイソシアネート。
(注3)HMDI:ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート。
(注4)IPDI:イソホロンジイソシアネート。
(注5)水添MDI:ジシクロヘキシルメタン−4,4−ジイソシアネート。
(注6)「PTMG2000」:商品名、三菱ケミカル社製、数平均分子量が2000であるポリテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール。
(注7)「PTMG3000」:商品名、三菱ケミカル社製、数平均分子量が3000であるポリテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール。
(注8)「ETERNACOLL UH−200」:商品名、宇部興産社製、数平均分子量が2000であるポリカーボネートジオール。
(注9)「ETERNACOLL UH−300」:商品名、宇部興産社製、数平均分子量が3000であるポリカーボネートジオール。
製造例18
温度計、サーモスタット、攪拌装置、還流冷却器及び水分離器を備えた反応容器に、シェル部の原材料である「PTMG1000」(商品名、三菱ケミカル社製、数平均分子量が1000であるポリテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール)39.0部、「ETERNACOLL UH−100」(商品名、宇部興産社製、数平均分子量が1000であるポリカーボネートジオール)47.4部、シクロヘキサンジメタノール1.4部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸16.4部、「ネオスタン U−600」(商品名、日東化成社製、ビスマス系触媒)0.2部及びメチルエチルケトン290部を仕込み、撹拌しながら80℃まで昇温させた。その後、イソホロンジイソシアネート33.8部と水添MDI1.6部を添加し、80℃を保持して撹拌を続け、遊離イソシアネート基含有量0.5%のNCO末端プレポリマーを得た。
製造例19〜33
製造例18において、配合組成を下記表2−1、表2−2に示す通りとする以外は、製造例18と同様にして、ウレタン樹脂粒子分散液(D’−2)〜(D’−16)を得た。
製造例34
製造例1で得た水酸基含有アクリル樹脂溶液(A1−1)33.3部(固形分15部)、「JR−806」(商品名、テイカ社製、ルチル型二酸化チタン)100部、「カーボンMA−100」(商品名、三菱化学社製、カーボンブラック)1部及び脱イオン水10部を混合し、2−(ジメチルアミノ)エタノールでpH8.0に調整した。次いで、得られた混合液を広口ガラスビン中に入れ、分散メジアとして直径約1.3mmφのガラスビーズを加えて密封し、ペイントシェイカーにて30分間分散して、顔料分散液(P−1)を得た。
製造例2で得た水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂溶液(B1−1)37.5部(固形分15部)、「JR−806」(商品名、テイカ社製、ルチル型二酸化チタン)100部、「カーボンMA−100」(商品名、三菱化学社製、カーボンブラック)1部及び脱イオン水10部を混合し、2−(ジメチルアミノ)エタノールでpH8.0に調整した。次いで、得られた混合液を広口ガラスビン中に入れ、分散メジアとして直径約1.3mmφのガラスビーズを加えて密封し、ペイントシェイカーにて30分間分散して、顔料分散液(P−2)を得た。
実施例1
製造例34で得た顔料分散液(P−1)144.3部、製造例2で得た水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂溶液(B1−1)55.6部(固形分25部)、製造例3で得たウレタン樹脂粒子分散液(D−1)71.4部(固形分30部)、「バイヒジュールVPLS2310」(商品名、住化バイエルウレタン社製、ブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物、固形分38%)13.2部(固形分5部)、及び「サイメル325」(商品名、オルネクスジャパン社製、メチル/ブチル混合エーテル化メラミン樹脂、固形分80%)31.3部(固形分25部)を均一に混合した。次いで、得られた混合物に、「UH−752」(商品名、ADEKA社製、増粘剤)、2−(ジメチルアミノ)エタノール及び脱イオン水を添加し、PH8.0、塗料固形分48%、20℃におけるフォードカップNO.4による粘度が30秒の水性塗料組成物NO.1を得た。
配合組成を下記表3−1〜表3−4に示すものとする以外は、実施例1と同様にして、20℃におけるフォードカップNO.4による粘度が30秒の各水性塗料組成物NO.2〜39を得た。
粘度変化率(%)=[(40℃で10日間静置した後の粘度/製造直後の粘度)−1]×100
◎及び○が合格である。
◎:粘度変化率が20%未満、
○:粘度変化率が20%以上、50%未満、
×:粘度変化率が50%以上。
貯蔵安定性の結果を併せて表3−1〜表3−4に示す。
製造例36
温度計、サーモスタット、撹拌器、還流冷却器、窒素導入管及び滴下装置を備えた反応容器に、脱イオン水130部、「アクアロンKH−10」(商品名、第一工業製薬社製、乳化剤、有効成分97%)0.52部を仕込み、窒素気流中で撹拌混合し、80℃に昇温した。次いで下記のモノマー乳化物(1)のうちの全量の1%量及び6%過硫酸アンモニウム水溶液5.3部を反応容器内に導入し、80℃で15分間保持した。その後、残りのモノマー乳化物(1)を3時間かけて、同温度に保持した反応容器内に滴下し、滴下終了後1時間熟成を行なった。その後、下記のモノマー乳化物(2)を1時間かけて滴下し、1時間熟成した後、5%ジメチルエタノールアミン水溶液40部を反応容器に徐々に加えながら30℃まで冷却し、100メッシュのナイロンクロスで濾過しながら排出し、固形分濃度30%のアクリル樹脂エマルション(AC−1)を得た。得られたアクリル樹脂エマルション(AC−1)は、酸価が33mgKOH/g、水酸基価が25mgKOH/gであった。
モノマー乳化物(2): 脱イオン水18部、「アクアロンKH−10」0.31部、過硫酸アンモニウム0.03部、メタクリル酸5.1部、2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート5.1部、スチレン3部、メチルメタクリレート6部、エチルアクリレート1.8部及びn−ブチルアクリレート9部を混合攪拌して、モノマー乳化物(2)を得た。
製造例37
温度計、サーモスタット、攪拌装置、還流冷却器及び水分離器を備えた反応容器に、トリメチロールプロパン109部、1,6−ヘキサンジオール141部、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸126部及びアジピン酸120部を仕込み、160℃〜230℃の間を3時間かけて昇温させた後、230℃で4時間縮合反応させた。次いで、得られた縮合反応生成物にカルボキシル基を付加するために、さらに無水トリメリット酸38.3部を加え、170℃で30分間反応させた後、2−エチル−1−ヘキサノールで希釈し、固形分濃度70%であるポリエステル樹脂溶液(PE−1)を得た。得られたポリエステル樹脂は、酸価が46mgKOH/g、水酸基価が150mgKOH/g、固形分濃度70%、重量平均分子量が6,400であった。
製造例38
攪拌混合容器内において、アルミニウム顔料ペースト「GX−180A」(商品名、旭化成メタルズ社製、金属含有量74%)19部(固形分14部)、2−エチル−1−ヘキサノール35部、下記リン酸基含有樹脂溶液8部及び2−(ジメチルアミノ)エタノール0.2部を均一に混合して、光輝性顔料分散液(P−3)を得た。
製造例39
製造例36で得たアクリル樹脂エマルション(AC−1)100部(固形分30部)、製造例37で得たポリエステル樹脂溶液(PE−1)30部(固形分21部)、製造例38で得た光輝性顔料分散液(P−3)62部、「サイメル325」(商品名、オルネクスジャパン社製、メチル/ブチル混合エーテル化メラミン樹脂、固形分80%)32.5部(固形分26部)、「ユーコートUX−8100」(商品名、三洋化成工業社製、ウレタンエマルション、固形分35%)65部(固形分23部)及びエチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル15部を均一に混合し、さらに、「プライマルASE−60」(商品名、ロームアンドハース社製、増粘剤)、2−(ジメチルアミノ)エタノール及び脱イオン水を加えて、pH8.0、塗料固形分25%、20℃におけるフォードカップNo.4による粘度が40秒の水性第2着色塗料(Y−1)を得た。
リン酸亜鉛処理された冷延鋼板に、熱硬化性エポキシ樹脂系カチオン電着塗料組成物(商品名「エレクロンGT−10」、関西ペイント社製)を膜厚20μmになるように電着塗装し、170℃で30分加熱して硬化させた。かくして、鋼板上に電着塗膜を形成してなる被塗物を作製した。
実施例34
上記試験用被塗物に、実施例1で得た水性塗料組成物NO.1を、回転霧化型の静電塗装機を用いて、乾燥膜厚で25μmとなるように静電塗装し、5分間放置した。次いで、該未硬化の第1着色塗膜上に製造例39で得た水性第2着色塗料(Y−1)を、回転霧化型の静電塗装機を用いて、乾燥膜厚で15μmとなるように静電塗装し、5分間放置後、80℃で3分間プレヒートを行なった。さらに、該第2着色塗膜上に「マジクロンKINO−1210」(商品名、関西ペイント社製、アクリル樹脂系溶剤型上塗りクリヤ塗料)を乾燥膜厚で35μmとなるように静電塗装し、7分間放置した。次いで、140℃で30分間加熱して、第1着色塗膜、第2着色塗膜及びクリヤ塗膜を加熱硬化させることにより試験板を作製した。
実施例34において、水性塗料組成物の種類を下記表4の通りに変更すること以外は、実施例34と同様にして試験板を作製した。
仕上がり外観:各試験板について、「Wave Scan」(商品名、BYK Gardner社製)によって測定されるLong Wave(LW)値に基づいて、平滑性を評価し、Wa値に基づいて、鮮映性を評価した。LW値が小さいほど塗面の平滑性が高いことを示し、Wa値が小さいほど塗面の鮮映性が高いことを示す。
Claims (16)
- 下記の工程(1)〜(4)、
工程(1):被塗物上に、水性第1着色塗料(X)を塗装して第1着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):前記工程(1)で形成された第1着色塗膜上に、水性第2着色塗料(Y)を塗装して第2着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):前記工程(2)で形成された第2着色塗膜上に、クリヤ塗料(Z)を塗装してクリヤ塗膜を形成する工程、及び
工程(4):前記工程(1)〜(3)で形成された第1着色塗膜、第2着色塗膜及びクリヤ塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を順次行う複層塗膜形成方法における水性第1着色塗料(X)として使用される水性塗料組成物であって、
前記水性塗料組成物が、
アクリル樹脂(A)及びポリエステル樹脂(B)から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂、
硬化剤(C)、並びに
キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有するポリイソシアネート成分(d1)と、ポリオール成分(d2)とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂粒子(D)、
を含有する、水性塗料組成物。 - 前記ポリオール成分(d2)が、ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)及びポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)を含有する、請求項1に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)の数平均分子量が、1600〜4000である、請求項2に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の数平均分子量が、1600〜4000である、請求項2又は3に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 前記ポリオール成分(d2)中の、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)及び前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の含有割合が、ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)/ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の質量比で、95/5〜50/50である、請求項2〜4のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 前記ウレタン樹脂粒子(D)が、コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 前記コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のコア部を構成するポリイソシアネート成分(I−d1)が、前記キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有する、請求項6に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 前記コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のコア部を構成するポリオール成分(I−d2)が、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)を含有し、シェル部を構成するポリオール成分(II−d2)が、前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)を含有する、請求項6又は7に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 下記の工程(1)〜(4)、
工程(1):被塗物上に、水性第1着色塗料(X)を塗装して第1着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(2):前記工程(1)で形成された第1着色塗膜上に、水性第2着色塗料(Y)を塗装して第2着色塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(3):前記工程(2)で形成された第2着色塗膜上に、クリヤ塗料(Z)を塗装してクリヤ塗膜を形成する工程、及び
工程(4):前記工程(1)〜(3)で形成された第1着色塗膜、第2着色塗膜及びクリヤ塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を順次行う複層塗膜形成方法であって、
前記水性第1着色塗料(X)が、
アクリル樹脂(A)及びポリエステル樹脂(B)から選ばれる少なくとも1種の樹脂、
硬化剤(C)、並びに
キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有するポリイソシアネート成分(d1)と、ポリオール成分(d2)とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂粒子(D)、
を含有する、水性塗料組成物である、複層塗膜形成方法。 - 前記ポリオール成分(d2)が、ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)及びポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)を含有する、請求項9に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)の数平均分子量が、1600〜4000である、請求項10に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の数平均分子量が、1600〜4000である、請求項10又は11に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記ポリオール成分(d2)中の、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)及び前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の含有割合が、ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)/ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)の質量比で、95/5〜50/50である、請求項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記ウレタン樹脂粒子(D)が、コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)である、請求項9〜13のいずれか1項に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のコア部を構成するポリイソシアネート成分(I−d1)が、前記キシリレンジイソシアネート及び水添キシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる少なくとも1種のジイソシアネート(d1−1)を含有する、請求項14に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
- 前記コアシェル構造を有するウレタン樹脂粒子(D’)のコア部を構成するポリオール成分(I−d2)が、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(d2−1)を含有し、シェル部を構成するポリオール成分(II−d2)が、前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(d2−2)を含有する、請求項14又は15に記載の複層塗膜形成方法。
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