WO2021171705A1 - 水性塗料組成物及び複層塗膜形成方法 - Google Patents
水性塗料組成物及び複層塗膜形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/36—Successively applying liquids or other fluent materials, e.g. without intermediate treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D7/00—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D7/24—Processes, other than flocking, specially adapted for applying liquids or other fluent materials to particular surfaces or for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials for applying particular liquids or other fluent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09D175/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a water-based coating composition and a method for forming a multilayer coating film.
- the chipping resistant coating composition is partially coated on the portion where the chipping phenomenon as described above is likely to occur.
- the chipping-resistant coating composition since the chipping-resistant coating composition is partially coated, it is coated in the form of dust near the boundary between the portion where the chipping-resistant coating composition is coated and the portion where the chipping-resistant coating composition is not coated, and the film is completely formed. There are some parts that do not. Therefore, in the chipping-resistant coating composition, a coating film is formed on the upper layer not only in the film-forming portion but also in the portion to be coated in the form of dust (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as "dust portion"). After that, it is required that a coating film having an excellent appearance is formed.
- Patent Document 1 describes a chipping-resistant coating composition containing whisker-like calcium carbonate having a major axis of 3 to 50 ⁇ m, a minor axis of 0.3 to 2.0 ⁇ m, and an aspect ratio (major axis / minor axis) of 5 to 50. It is described that the material can form a coating film having excellent chipping resistance. However, the multi-layer coating film formed by using the chipping-resistant coating composition has insufficient finished appearance and chipping resistance of the dust portion and the film-forming portion.
- Patent Document 2 describes (a) an aqueous copolymer resin containing ethylene and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a carboxyl group as main components, and at least a part of the carboxyl groups is bonded to the main chain.
- the main components are an aqueous ethylene copolymer resin having a carboxyl group content of 10% by weight or more of the copolymer resin and (b) an aqueous polyurethane resin, and the component (a) and the above.
- the chipping-resistant water-based coating composition characterized in that the compounding ratio of the component (b) [(a) / (b)] is 15/85 to 50/50 by weight, is formed between the (coating) layers.
- the coating composition is also required to have storage stability.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a water-based coating composition capable of forming a coating film having excellent storage stability, a finished appearance of a dust portion and a film-forming portion, and excellent chipping resistance.
- the present inventors have obtained (A) (a1) polyisocyanate components, (a2) (a2-1) polyether polyols and (a2-2) polycarbonate polyols.
- Urethane resin obtained from constituent components including a polyol component contained, at least one hydroxyl group-containing resin selected from (B) (B1) hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin and (B2) hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin, (C) solubility parameter Is an aqueous coating composition containing an organic solvent and (D) water in the range of 8.8 to 10.1, and the urethane resin (based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the aqueous coating composition).
- the content of A) is in the range of 60 to 85 parts by mass
- the content of the organic solvent (C) is in the range of 5 to 30 parts by mass.
- a water-based coating composition and a method for forming a multi-layer coating film including the following aspects are provided.
- the ratio of the polyether polyol (a2-1) to the polycarbonate polyol (a2-2) in the polyol component (a2) is the mass ratio of the polyether polyol (a2-1) / polycarbonate polyol (a2-2).
- the water-based coating composition according to Item 1 which is 80/20 to 30/70.
- Item 4. The aqueous coating composition according to any one of Items 1 to 3, further comprising a curing agent (E).
- Item 4 The aqueous coating composition according to Item 4, wherein the curing agent (E) is at least one selected from a melamine resin (E1) and a blocked polyisocyanate compound (E3).
- Step (M1-1) A step of coating the aqueous coating composition according to any one of Items 1 to 5 on an object to be coated to form a chipping primer coating film.
- Step (M1-2) A step of coating an aqueous intermediate coating composition on the chipping primer coating film formed in the above step (M1-1) to form an intermediate coating film.
- Step (M1-3) A step of coating a base coat coating film composition on the intermediate coating film formed in the above step (M1-2) to form a base coat coating film.
- Step (M1-4) A step of coating a clear coat coating film on the base coat coating film formed in the above step (M1-3) to form a clear coat coating film
- a step (M1-5) A step of heating and curing the chipping primer coating film, the intermediate coating film, the base coat coating film and the clear coat coating film formed in the steps (M1-1) to (M1-4) at once.
- a method for forming a multi-layer coating film including. Item 7.
- Step (M2-2) A step of coating an aqueous intermediate coating composition on the chipping primer coating film formed in the above step (M2-1) to form an intermediate coating film.
- Step (M2-3) A step of heating and curing the chipping primer coating film and the intermediate coating film formed in the steps (M2-1) and (M2-2) at once.
- Step (M2-4) A step of coating a base coat coating film composition on the intermediate coating film cured in the step (M2-3) to form a base coat coating film.
- Step (M2-5) A step of coating a clear coat coating film on the base coat coating film formed in the above step (M2-4) to form a clear coat coating film
- a step (M2-6) A step of heat-curing the base coat coating film and the clear coat coating film formed in the steps (M2-4) and (M2-5) at once.
- a method for forming a multi-layer coating film including.
- the water-based coating composition of the present invention can form a coating film having excellent storage stability, a finished appearance of a dust portion and a film-forming portion, and excellent chipping resistance.
- the water-based coating composition of the present invention (hereinafter, may be abbreviated as “the present coating material”) will be described in more detail.
- the water-based coating composition of the present invention is obtained from a constituent component containing (A) (a1) a polyisocyanate component and (a2) (a2-1) polyether polyol and a polyol component containing (a2-2) polycarbonate polyol.
- Urethane resin at least one hydroxyl group-containing resin selected from (B) (B1) hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin and (B2) hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin, (C) solubility parameter within the range of 8.8 to 10.1.
- a water-based coating composition in the range of parts, and the content of the organic solvent (C) is in the range of 5 to 30 parts by mass.
- the water-based paint is a term to be contrasted with the organic solvent-type paint, and generally, water or a medium containing water as a main component (water-based medium), a coating-forming resin, a pigment, or the like is used. Means a paint in which is dispersed and / or dissolved.
- the organic solvent type paint is a paint that does not substantially contain water as a solvent or that all or most of the solvent is an organic solvent.
- the urethane resin (A) is a urethane resin obtained from a constituent component containing a polyisocyanate component (a1) and a polyol component (a2) containing a polyether polyol (a2-1) and a polycarbonate polyol (a2-2). ..
- the urethane resin (A) is a reaction product of a polyisocyanate component (a1) and a polyol component (a2) containing a polyether polyol (a2-1) and a polycarbonate polyol (a2-2).
- the urethane resin (A) is provided with, for example, a polyol component (a2) containing a polyisocyanate component (a1), a polyether polyol (a2-1) and a polycarbonate polyol (a2-2), and if necessary, further imparting an aqueous dispersion group. It can be synthesized using a compound having both an active hydrogen group and an ion forming group as components.
- Polyisocyanate component (a1) The polyisocyanate component (a1) is a compound having at least two isocyanate groups in one molecule.
- polyisocyanate component (a1) examples include aliphatic polyisocyanates such as hexamethylene diisocyanate, trimethylhexamethylene diisocyanate, dimerate diisocyanate, and lysine diisocyanate; and burette-type adducts of these polyisocyanates.
- Isocyanurate ring adduct Isocyanurate ring adduct; isophorone diisocyanate, 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexylisocyanate) (common name: hydrogenated MDI), methylcyclohexane-2,4- (or -2,6-) diisocyanate, 1,3- (Or 1,4-) di (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane, 1,4-cyclohexanediisocyanate, 1,3-cyclopentanediisocyanate, 1,2-cyclohexanediisocyanate and other alicyclic diisocyanates; and these polyisocyanates Buret type adduct, isocyanurate ring adduct; xylylene diisocyanate, metaxylylene diisocyanate, tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate, tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4'-dipheny
- Polyol component (a2) The polyol component (a2) is a compound having at least two hydroxyl groups in one molecule, and contains a polyether polyol (a2-1) and a polycarbonate polyol (a2-2).
- Polyether polyol (a2-1) examples include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, 1,3-butylene glycol, 2,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1, 5-Pentanediol, Neopentyl Glycol, 1,6-Hexane Glycol, 2,5-Hexanediol, Dipropylene Glycol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-Pentanediol, Tricyclodecanedimethanol, 1, An alkylene oxide adduct of a low molecular weight polyol such as 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, a ring-opened (co) polymer of an alkylene oxide or a cyclic ether (such as tetrahydrofuran), or the like can be used.
- a low molecular weight polyol such as 4-cyclohexanedimethanol, a ring
- polyethylene glycol polypropylene glycol, (blocked or random) copolymer of ethylene glycol-propylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, polyhexamethylene glycol, polyoctamethylene glycol and the like.
- polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polytetramethylene glycol can be preferably used as the above-mentioned polyether polyol (a2-1).
- the number average molecular weight of the polyether polyol (a2-1) is preferably 500 to 10000, more preferably 1000 to 5000, from the viewpoint of manufacturability and flexibility of the coating film formed. It is more preferably 1600 to 4000.
- polyether polyol (a2-1) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Polycarbonate polyol (a2-2) examples include the following general formula HO-R- ( OC (O) -OR) x- OH.
- R in the formula indicates a C 1-12 alkylene group or C 1-3 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkylene-C 1-3 alkylene group, x indicates the number of repeating units of the molecule, usually 5 to 50. It is an integer. Multiple Rs may be the same or different)
- the compound shown by is used.
- transesterification methods in which a polyol and a substituted carbonate (diethyl carbonate, diphenyl carbonate, etc.) are reacted under conditions where the hydroxyl group is excessive, the saturated aliphatic polyol is reacted with phosgen, or, if necessary, further. It can be obtained by a method of reacting a saturated aliphatic polyol or the like.
- Examples of the C 1-12 alkylene group (saturated aliphatic polyol residue) represented by R include linear or branched (preferably linear) alkylene groups having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the C 1-3 alkylene group contained in the "C 1-3 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkylene-C 1-3 alkylene group" represented by R has 1 to 3 carbon atoms (preferably 1 carbon number). Indicates a linear or branched (preferably linear) alkylene group, and examples thereof include a methylene group, an ethylene group, and a propylene group (n-propylene group, isopropylene group).
- C 1-3 alkylene contained in the "C 1-3 alkylene-C 3-8 cycloalkylene-C 1-3 alkylene group” may be the same or different (same). Is preferable).
- C 3-8 cycloalkylene group having 3 to 8 carbon atoms (preferably having a carbon number of 5-7 contained in the "C 1-3 alkylene -C 3-8 cycloalkylene -C 1-3 alkylene group", more preferably a carbon
- the divalent hydrocarbon group formed by removing two hydrogen atoms from the cycloalkane of Eq. 6) is shown, for example, a 1,1-cyclopropylene group, a 1,2-cyclopropylene group, and a 1,1-cyclobutylene group.
- Examples include a group, a 1,3-cyclohexylene group, a 1,4-cyclohexylene group, a 1,3-cycloheptylene group, a 1,4-cyclooctylene group and the like.
- C 1-3alkylene- C 3-8 cycloalkylene-C 1-3 alkylene group includes the above-mentioned C 1-3- alkylene group, the above-mentioned C 3-8 cycloalkylene group, and the above-mentioned C. Examples thereof include divalent substituents in which 1-3 alkylene groups are bonded in this order. More specifically, for example, methylene-1,2-cyclopropylene-methylene group and methylene-1,2-cyclopropylene.
- -Ethethylene group ethylene-1,2-cyclopropylene-ethylene group, methylene-1,3-cyclobutylene-methylene group, methylene-1,3-cyclopentylene-methylene group, methylene-1,1-cyclohexylene- Methylene group, methylene-1,3-cyclohexylene-methylene group, methylene-1,4-cyclohexylene-methylene group, ethylene-1,4-cyclohexylene-ethylene group, methylene-1,4-cyclohexylene-ethylene group , Propylene-1,4-cyclohexylene-propylene group, methylene-1,3-cycloheptylene-methylene group, methylene-1,4-cyclooctylene-methylene group and the like.
- the R of the polycarbonate polyol (a2-2) is preferably a saturated aliphatic polyol residue having 1 to 12 carbon atoms from the viewpoint of manufacturability and physical properties of the obtained coating film, and has 4 to 10 carbon atoms. More preferably, it is a saturated aliphatic polyol residue.
- the number average molecular weight of the polycarbonate polyol (a2-2) is preferably 500 to 10000, more preferably 1000 to 5000, and even more preferably 1600 to 4000, from the viewpoint of manufacturability. These polycarbonate polyols (a2-2) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the total content of the polyether polyol (a2-1) and the polycarbonate polyol (a2-2) determines the storage stability of the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, the chipping resistance of the formed coating film, the finished appearance, and the like. From the above viewpoint, it is preferably in the range of 30 to 100% by mass, preferably 50 to 100% by mass, and more preferably 70 to 100% by mass based on the total solid content of the polyol component (a2).
- the ratio of the polyether polyol (a2-1) to the polycarbonate polyol (a2-2) in the polyol component (a2) is determined by the storage stability of the aqueous coating composition of the present invention and the coating formed.
- the mass ratio of the polyether polyol (a2-1) / polycarbonate polyol (a2-2) is preferably 80/20 to 30/70, preferably 75/25. It is more preferably to 40/60, and even more preferably 70/30 to 50/50.
- polyol component (a2) ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-butylene glycol, etc.
- 1,3-butylene glycol, 2,3-butylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,6-hexaneglycol, 2,5-hexanediol, dipropylene glycol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, tricyclodecanedimethanol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol and the like can be used.
- the high molecular weight polyol for example, a polyester polyol, a polyether ester polyol, or the like can be used.
- polyester polyol examples include dicarboxylic acids (anhydrous) such as adipic acid, succinic acid, sebacic acid, glutaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, and phthalic acid, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, and 1, , 6-Hexanediol, 1,8-octamethylene diol, neopentyl glycol and the like obtained by polycondensing with the low molecular weight polyol under the condition of excess hydroxyl group.
- dicarboxylic acids anhydrous
- ethylene glycol-adipic acid condensate butanediol-adipine condensate, hexamethylene glycol-adipic acid condensate, ethylene glycol-propylene glycol-adipic acid condensate, or lactone using glycol as an initiator.
- examples thereof include a polylactone polyol obtained by ring-opening polymerization.
- the polyether ester polyol is an ether group-containing polyol (such as the polyether polyol (a2-1) or diethylene glycol), or a (anhydrous) dicarboxylic acid as exemplified by the polyester polyol in a mixture thereof and other glycols.
- a polytetramethylene glycol-adipic acid condensate and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of the compound having both an active hydrogen group and an ion-forming group include a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups and one or more carboxyl groups in one molecule, and two or more hydroxyl groups and one in one molecule. Examples thereof include compounds having the above sulfonic acid groups, compounds having two or more amino groups and one or more carboxyl groups in one molecule, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. ..
- the compound having both the active hydrogen group and the ion forming group a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups and one or more carboxyl groups in one molecule, and two or more hydroxyl groups and one in one molecule.
- a compound having more than one sulfonic acid group can be preferably used.
- two compounds such as a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups and one or more carboxyl groups in one molecule, and a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups and one or more sulfonic acid groups in one molecule. It is assumed that the compound having both the above hydroxyl groups and ion-forming groups is contained in the polyol component (a2).
- Examples of the compound having two or more hydroxyl groups and one or more carboxyl groups in the above molecule include dimethylol propionic acid, dimethylol acetic acid, dimethylol butanoic acid, dimethylol heptanic acid, dimethylol nonanoic acid, 1-.
- Examples include alkanolcarboxylic acid compounds such as carboxy-1,5-pentylene diamine, dihydroxybenzoic acid, and 3,5-diaminobenzoic acid, and half-ester compounds of polyoxypropylene triol and maleic anhydride and / or phthalic anhydride. be able to.
- Examples of the compound having two or more hydroxyl groups and one or more sulfonic acid groups in one molecule include 2-sulfonic acid-1,4-butanediol and 5-sulfonic acid-di- ⁇ -hydroxyethyliso. Examples thereof include phthalate, N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) aminoethyl sulfonic acid and the like.
- a compound having two or more hydroxyl groups and one or more carboxyl groups in the molecule may be used. Especially preferable.
- the compound having both an active hydrogen group and an ion forming group acts as an ion forming group in the urethane resin (A). Further, the compound is preferably used from the viewpoint of improving the dispersion stability of the urethane resin (A).
- the amount of the compound used constitutes the urethane resin (A) from the viewpoints of water dispersion stability, water resistance of the formed coating film, and the like. It is preferably in the range of 1 to 10% by mass, more preferably 1 to 7% by mass, and further preferably 1 to 5% by mass with respect to the total amount of.
- the urethane resin (A) of the present invention is usually synthesized as a dispersion in an aqueous solvent, and the form of the urethane resin (A) is not particularly limited as long as it is dispersed in the aqueous solvent.
- the aqueous solvent means a solvent containing water as a main component (for example, a solvent in which 90 to 100% by mass of the solvent is water).
- the method for producing the urethane resin (A) is not particularly limited, and a conventionally known method can be applied.
- a production method for example, in an organic solvent, a polyisocyanate component (a1), a polyol component (a2), and, if necessary, a compound having both an active hydrogen group and an ion-forming group are subjected to a urethanization reaction to pre-formate.
- examples thereof include a method in which a polymer is synthesized, the obtained prepolymer is emulsified, and if necessary, a chain extension reaction and solvent removal are carried out.
- a catalyst can be used for the urethanization reaction between the polyisocyanate component (a1) and the polyol component (a2), if necessary.
- the catalyst include bismuth carboxylic acid compounds such as tris (2-ethylhexanoic acid) bismuth (III); organotin compounds such as dibutyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dioctoate, and stanas octoate; triethylamine, triethylenediamine, and the like.
- the tertiary amine compound of the above can be mentioned.
- bismuth-based catalysts are preferable because they have relatively low toxicity and are environmentally adaptable.
- the urethanization reaction is preferably carried out at 50 to 120 ° C. From the above, a prepolymer of urethane resin (A) can be obtained.
- isocyanate and an inert organic solvent that do not interfere with the urethanization reaction can be used as the organic solvent, and as such an organic solvent, for example, aromatic carbide such as toluene and xylene can be used.
- aromatic carbide such as toluene and xylene
- examples thereof include hydrogen-based solvents, ester-based solvents such as ethyl acetate and butyl acetate, and ketone-based solvents such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone.
- a ketone solvent or an ester solvent can be preferably used from the viewpoint of water dispersion stability.
- Urethane is added to the urethane prepolymer as necessary with a neutralizing agent for the ion-forming group and deionized water to carry out water dispersion (emulsification), and further carry out a chain extension reaction and solvent removal as necessary.
- An aqueous dispersion of the resin (A) can be obtained.
- the neutralizing agent is not particularly limited as long as it can neutralize the ion-forming group, and examples of the basic compound for neutralization include ammonia, diethylamine, ethylethanolamine, diethanolamine, and triethanolamine. , Monoethanolamine, monopropanolamine, isopropanolamine, ethylaminoethylamine, hydroxyethylamine, triethylamine, tributylamine, dimethylethanolamine, diethylenetriamine and other organic amines; or alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Can be mentioned. These neutralizers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- organic amines are preferable from the viewpoint of water resistance of the coating film obtained by applying to the coating composition. It is desirable to use these neutralizers in an amount such that the pH of the aqueous dispersion of the urethane resin (A) is finally about 6.0 to 9.0.
- the amount of the neutralizing agent added is 0.1 to 1.5 equivalents, preferably 0.3 to 1.2 equivalents, relative to an acid group such as a carboxyl group. Suitable.
- aqueous dispersion As a method of obtaining an aqueous dispersion, dispersion with a normal stirrer is possible, but in order to obtain a uniform aqueous dispersion having a finer particle size, a homomixer, a homogenizer, a disper, a line mixer or the like can be used. can.
- a chain extender other than water can be added as necessary to react the urethane prepolymer with the chain extender.
- a chain extender a known chain extender having active hydrogen can be used. Specific examples thereof include diamine compounds such as ethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, cyclohexanediamine, cyclohexylmethanediamine and isophoronediamine, triamine compounds such as diethylenetriamine, and hydrazine.
- a triamic or higher functional amine compound such as a triamine compound such as diethylenetriamine can be preferably used.
- a diamine compound such as ethylenediamine can be preferably used.
- a compound having at least one amine and one hydroxyl group in one molecule such as hydroxyethylaminoethylamine, can also be preferably used.
- the content ratio of the polyisocyanate component (a1) and the polyol component (a2) of the urethane resin (A) is the isocyanate of the active hydrogen group / polyisocyanate component (a1) of the polyol component (a2) from the viewpoint of manufacturability and the like.
- the molar ratio with the group is preferably 1 / 1.01 to 1 / 3.0, more preferably 1 / 1.05 to 1 / 2.0.
- the number average molecular weight of the urethane resin (A) is in the range of 10,000 or more, particularly 50,000 or more, and further particularly 100,000 or more from the viewpoint of dispersibility, manufacturability, obtained coating film performance, and the like. Is preferable. When the number average molecular weight is 10,000 or more, the obtained coating film performance is good.
- the aqueous dispersion of the urethane resin (A) is generally in the range of 10 to 5000 nm, preferably 10 to 1000 nm, more preferably 20 to 500 nm, and even more preferably 50 to 300 nm from the viewpoint of dispersibility and storage stability. It can have an average particle size.
- the average particle size of the aqueous dispersion of urethane resin (A) is a value measured at 20 ° C. after diluting with deionized water by a conventional method using a submicron particle size distribution measuring device.
- a submicron particle size distribution measuring device for example, "COOLTER N4 type” (trade name, manufactured by Beckman Coulter) can be used.
- the urethane resin (A) has an acid value of 5 to 40 mgKOH / g, particularly 5 to 30 mgKOH / g, and more particularly 10 to 30 mgKOH / g from the viewpoint of water dispersion stability, water resistance of the obtained coating film, and the like. preferable.
- the urethane resin (A) preferably has a hydroxyl value of 0 to 100 mgKOH / g, particularly 0 to 50 mgKOH / g, and more preferably 0 to 10 mgKOH / g.
- the solid content concentration of the urethane resin (A) in the aqueous dispersion is preferably 20 to 50% by mass, more preferably in the range of 30 to 50% by mass.
- the solid content concentration is 50% by mass or less, emulsification is facilitated and an aqueous dispersion can be easily obtained.
- the solid content concentration is 20% by mass or more, the solvent component is reduced, so that the solid content of the aqueous coating composition can be increased.
- the content of the urethane resin (A) is in the range of 60 to 85 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the aqueous coating composition.
- the content of the urethane resin (A) is 65 to 85 parts by mass from the viewpoint of storage stability of the aqueous coating composition of the present invention, chipping resistance of the formed coating film, and finished appearance.
- the range is preferable, and the range of 70 to 85 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the hydroxyl group-containing resin (B) is at least one type of hydroxyl group-containing resin selected from a hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) and a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2).
- Hydroxy group-containing acrylic resin (B1) As the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1), a water-soluble or water-dispersible acrylic resin known per se, which has been conventionally used for water-based paints, can be used.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) can be obtained from, for example, a method known per se from a hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer and another polymerizable unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, for example, organic. It can be produced by copolymerizing by a method such as a solution polymerization method in a solvent or an emulsion polymerization method in water.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer is a compound having one or more hydroxyl groups and one or more polymerizable unsaturated bonds in one molecule.
- Examples of the hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer include 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, and 4-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate.
- Monoesterate of (meth) acrylic acid and divalent alcohol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; ⁇ -caprolactone modified product of monoesterate of (meth) acrylic acid and divalent alcohol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; N -Hydroxymethyl (meth) acrylamide; allyl alcohol, (meth) acrylate having a polyoxyethylene chain having a hydroxyl group at the molecular end, and the like can be mentioned.
- the monomer corresponding to the polymerizable unsaturated monomer having an ultraviolet absorbing functional group described later (xvii) is another polymerizable unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer. It should be defined as, and is excluded from hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomers. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the other polymerizable unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer for example, the following monomers (i) to (xx) can be used. These polymerizable unsaturated monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Alkyl or cycloalkyl (meth) acrylate For example, methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl ( Meta) acrylate, tert-butyl (meth) acrylate, n-hexyl (meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, tridecyl (meth) acrylate, lauryl (meth) Meta) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, isostearyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, methylcyclohexyl (meth) acrylate
- (Vii) Polymerizable unsaturated monomer having an alkyl fluorinated group: perfluoroalkyl (meth) acrylate such as perfluorobutylethyl (meth) acrylate and perfluorooctylethyl (meth) acrylate; fluoroolefin and the like.
- (Viii) A polymerizable unsaturated monomer having a photopolymerizable functional group such as a maleimide group.
- (Ix) Vinyl compound: N-vinylpyrrolidone, ethylene, butadiene, chloroprene, vinyl propionate, vinyl acetate and the like.
- Nitrogen-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer (meth) acrylonitrile, (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylamino Additives of propyl (meth) acrylamide, methylenebis (meth) acrylamide, ethylenebis (meth) acrylamide, glycidyl (meth) acrylate and amine compounds, etc.
- (Xii) Polymerizable unsaturated monomer having two or more polymerizable unsaturated groups in one molecule: allyl (meth) acrylate, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, neo Pentyl glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,6-hexanediol di (meth) acrylate and the like.
- Epoxide group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer glycidyl (meth) acrylate, ⁇ -methylglycidyl (meth) acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth) acrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyl (meth) acrylate , 3,4-Epoxide cyclohexylpropyl (meth) acrylate, allyl glycidyl ether, etc.
- (Xv) Polymerizable unsaturated monomer having a sulfonic acid group: 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, 2-sulfoethyl (meth) acrylate, allylsulfonic acid, 4-styrenesulfonic acid, etc .; sodium salts of these sulfonic acids And ammonium salts, etc.
- (XVii) Polymerizable unsaturated monomer having UV-absorbing functional group: 2-hydroxy-4 (3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) benzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4- (3-acryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) ) Benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4- (3-methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) benzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4- (3-acryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropoxy) benzophenone, 2-[ 2-Hydroxy-5- [2- (methacryloyloxy) ethyl] phenyl] -2H-benzotriazole and the like.
- the polymerizable unsaturated group means an unsaturated group capable of radical polymerization.
- examples of such polymerizable unsaturated groups include vinyl groups, (meth) acryloyl groups and the like.
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate.
- (Meta) acrylic acid means acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.
- (meth) acryloyl means acryloyl or methacryloyl.
- (meth) acrylamide means acrylamide or methacrylamide.
- the proportion of the hydroxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer used in producing the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) is preferably 1 to 50% by mass, more preferably 2 to 40% by mass, based on the total amount of the monomer components. It is preferable, and 3 to 30% by mass is more preferable.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) preferably has a hydroxyl value of 1 to 200 mgKOH / g, preferably 2 to 180 mgKOH, from the viewpoints of curability, chipping resistance, adhesion, finished appearance, and the like of the obtained coating film. It is more preferably / g, and even more preferably 5 to 150 mgKOH / g.
- the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) preferably has an acid value of 1 to 150 mgKOH / g, preferably 5 to 100 mgKOH / g, from the viewpoints of storage stability of the present coating film, water resistance of the obtained coating film, and the like. It is more preferably g, and even more preferably 5 to 80 mgKOH / g.
- the content of the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) is based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the aqueous coating composition.
- the range of 1 to 30 parts by mass is preferable, the range of 2 to 20 parts by mass is more preferable, and the range of 3 to 15 parts by mass is further preferable.
- Hydroxy group-containing polyester resin (B2) As the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2), a water-soluble or water-dispersible polyester resin that is known per se and has been conventionally used for water-based paints can be used.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2) can usually be produced by an esterification reaction or a transesterification reaction between an acid component and an alcohol component.
- the acid component a compound usually used as an acid component can be used in the production of the polyester resin.
- examples of such an acid component include an aliphatic polybasic acid, an alicyclic polybasic acid, and an aromatic polybasic acid.
- the aliphatic polybasic acid is generally an aliphatic compound having two or more carboxyl groups in one molecule, an acid anhydride of the aliphatic compound, and an esterified product of the aliphatic compound.
- Examples of the aliphatic polybasic acid include succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelli acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanedic acid, brassic acid, octadecaneic acid, citric acid and butane.
- Examples thereof include an aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid such as tetracarboxylic acid; an anhydride of the aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid; and an esterified product of a lower alkyl having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms of the aliphatic polyvalent carboxylic acid.
- the above aliphatic polybasic acids can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- As the aliphatic polybasic acid it is preferable to use adipic acid and / or adipic acid anhydride from the viewpoint of smoothness of the obtained coating film.
- the alicyclic polybasic acid is generally a compound having one or more alicyclic structures and two or more carboxyl groups in one molecule, an acid anhydride of the compound, and an esterified product of the compound.
- the alicyclic structure is mainly a 4- to 6-membered ring structure.
- Examples of the alicyclic polybasic acid include 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, and 3-methyl-.
- Alicyclic polyvalent carboxylic acids such as 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 4-methyl-1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2,4-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid;
- An anhydride of the alicyclic polyvalent carboxylic acid; an esterified product of a lower alkyl having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms of the alicyclic polyvalent carboxylic acid and the like can be mentioned.
- the alicyclic polybasic acid can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the alicyclic polybasic acid includes 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid anhydride, 1,3-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and 1,4 from the viewpoint of smoothness of the obtained coating film.
- -Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, 4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid anhydride are preferably used, among which 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid and / or 1,2.
- -It is more preferable to use cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid anhydride.
- the aromatic polybasic acid is generally an aromatic compound having two or more carboxyl groups in one molecule, an acid anhydride of the aromatic compound, and an esterified product of the aromatic compound, for example, phthalic acid. , Isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, trimellitic acid, pyromellitic acid and other aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acids; Examples thereof include a lower alkyl esterified product having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms of a polyvalent carboxylic acid.
- the aromatic polybasic acid can be used alone or in combination of two or more. As the aromatic polybasic acid, it is preferable to use phthalic acid, phthalic anhydride, isophthalic acid, trimellitic acid, and trimellitic anhydride.
- acid components other than the above-mentioned aliphatic polybasic acid, alicyclic polybasic acid and aromatic polybasic acid can also be used.
- the acid component is not particularly limited, and for example, coconut oil fatty acid, cotton seed oil fatty acid, hemp seed oil fatty acid, rice bran oil fatty acid, fish oil fatty acid, tall oil fatty acid, soybean oil fatty acid, flaxseed oil fatty acid, tung oil fatty acid, rapeseed oil fatty acid, and the like.
- Fatty acids such as castor oil fatty acid, dehydrated castor oil fatty acid, and safflower oil fatty acid; lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, benzoic acid, p-tert-butyl benzoic acid, cyclohexane Acids, monocarboxylic acids such as 10-phenyloctadecanoic acid; hydroxycarboxylic acids such as lactic acid, 3-hydroxybutanoic acid, 3-hydroxy-4-ethoxybenzoic acid and the like. These acid components can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the alcohol component a multivalent alcohol having two or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule can be preferably used.
- the polyhydric alcohol include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, trimethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,3-butanediol, and 2,3.
- Polyetherdiol compounds glycerin, trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, diglycerin, triglycerin, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tris (2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanuric acid, sorbitol,
- Examples thereof include trihydric or higher alcohols such as mannit, polylactone polyol compounds obtained by adding a lactone compound such as ⁇ -caprolactone to these trivalent or higher valent alcohols, and fatty acid esterified products of glycerin.
- alcohol components other than the above polyhydric alcohol can be used.
- the alcohol component is not particularly limited, and for example, monoalcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and 2-phenoxyethanol; propylene oxide, butylene oxide, and "Cadura E10P" (trade name, HEXION).
- monoalcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, and 2-phenoxyethanol
- propylene oxide, butylene oxide and "Cadura E10P" (trade name, HEXION).
- examples thereof include alcohol compounds obtained by reacting an acid with a monoepoxy compound (glycidyl ester of a synthetic highly branched saturated fatty acid).
- the method for producing the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin is not particularly limited, and can be carried out according to a usual method.
- the acid component and the alcohol component are heated in a nitrogen stream at about 150 to 250 ° C. for about 5 to 10 hours, and the hydroxyl group is subjected to an esterification reaction or a transesterification reaction between the acid component and the alcohol component.
- the contained polyester resin can be produced.
- the acid component and the alcohol component When the acid component and the alcohol component are subjected to an esterification reaction or a transesterification reaction, they may be added to the reaction vessel at once, or one or both of them may be added in several times. .. Further, first, a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin may be synthesized, and then the obtained hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin may be reacted with an acid anhydride to be half-esterified to obtain a carboxyl group and a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin. Further, first, after synthesizing a carboxyl group-containing polyester resin, the above alcohol component may be added to obtain a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin.
- dibutyltin oxide, antimony trioxide, zinc acetate, manganese acetate, cobalt acetate, calcium acetate, lead acetate, tetrabutyl titanate, and tetraisopropyl are used as catalysts for accelerating the reaction.
- a catalyst known per se, such as titanate, can be used.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin can be modified with a fatty acid, a monoepoxy compound, a polyisocyanate compound, an acrylic resin, or the like during or after the preparation of the resin.
- fatty acids examples include palm oil fatty acid, cotton seed oil fatty acid, hemp seed oil fatty acid, rice bran oil fatty acid, fish oil fatty acid, tall oil fatty acid, soybean oil fatty acid, flaxseed oil fatty acid, tung oil fatty acid, rapeseed oil fatty acid, castor oil fatty acid, and dehydrated castor bean paste.
- oil fatty acids and safflower fatty acids examples include oil fatty acids and safflower fatty acids, and as the monoepoxy compound, for example, "Cadura E10P" (trade name, manufactured by HEXION, glycidyl ester of synthetic highly branched saturated fatty acid) can be preferably used.
- polyisocyanate compound examples include aliphatic diisocyanate compounds such as lysine diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and trimethylhexane diisocyanate; hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, methylcyclohexane-2,4-diisocyanate, and methylcyclohexane-2.
- 6-Diisocyanate 4,4'-methylenebis (cyclohexylisocyanate), 1,3- (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane and other alicyclic diisocyanates; aromatic diisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- aromatic diisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate and diphenylmethane diisocyanate
- Organic polyisocyanates such as trivalent or higher valent polyisocyanates such as lysine triisocyanates themselves; additions of each of these organic polyisocyanates to polyhydric alcohols, low molecular weight polyester resins, water, etc .; (For example, isocyanurate), biuret-type adduct and the like. These polyisocyanate compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a known method can be used, for example, a method of polymerizing a mixture of a polymerizable unsaturated group-containing polyester resin and a polymerizable unsaturated monomer. Examples thereof include a method of reacting a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin and an acrylic resin with each other.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2) preferably has a hydroxyl value of 1 to 250 mgKOH / g, more preferably 2 to 200 mgKOH / g, and even more preferably 5 to 200 mgKOH / g.
- the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2) further has a carboxyl group
- its acid value is preferably 1 to 150 mgKOH / g, more preferably 2 to 100 mgKOH / g, and 2 to 80 mgKOH / g. It is more preferably g.
- the weight average molecular weight of the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2) is preferably 3,000 to 100,000, more preferably 4,000 to 50,000, and 5,000 to 30,000. It is more preferable to have it.
- the average molecular weight is a value calculated from a chromatogram measured by a gel permeation chromatograph based on the molecular weight of standard polystyrene.
- the gel permeation chromatograph "HLC8120GPC” (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation) was used.
- Mobile phase tetrahydrofuran, measurement temperature; 40 ° C., flow rate; 1 mL / min, detector; RI conditions.
- the content of the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2) is 1 to 30 based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the aqueous coating composition.
- the range of parts by mass is preferable, the range of 2 to 20 parts by mass is more preferable, and the range of 3 to 15 parts by mass is further preferable.
- the organic solvent (C) is an organic solvent having a solubility parameter in the range of 8.8 to 10.1.
- the solubility parameter of the organic solvent (C) is 8.8 or more, a coating film having an excellent finished appearance of the dust portion can be formed, and when the solubility parameter is 10.1 or less, a film is formed. It is possible to form a coating film having an excellent finished appearance.
- the solubility parameter of the organic solvent (C) is preferably 8.9 to 9.7 from the viewpoint of the finished appearance of the dust portion and the film-forming portion of the formed coating film, preferably 9.1. It is more preferably to 9.7.
- organic solvent (C) examples include cyclohexanol acetate (solubility parameter 9.2), propylene glycol diacetate (solubility parameter 9.6), and 1,4-butanediol diacetate (solubility parameter 9.).
- 1,3-butylene glycol diacetate (solubility parameter 9.5), 1,6-hexanediol diacetate (solubility parameter 9.5), methyl acetate (solubility parameter 8.8), ethylene glycol Monomethyl ether acetate (solubility parameter 9.0), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate (solubility parameter 8.9), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (solubility parameter 9.0), diethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate (solubility parameter 8.).
- the organic solvent (C) has a boiling point in the range of 130 to 230 ° C. from the viewpoint of the storage stability of the present paint and the finished appearance of the dust portion and the film-forming portion of the formed coating film. Is preferable, and the temperature is more preferably in the range of 150 to 200 ° C.
- the organic solvent (C) having a boiling point in the range of 130 to 230 ° C. include cyclohexanol acetate (boiling point 173 ° C.), propylene glycol diacetate (boiling point 190 ° C.), and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (boiling point 145 ° C.).
- Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate (boiling point 188 ° C), diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate (boiling point 217 ° C), ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (boiling point 171 ° C), propylene glycol n-propyl ether (boiling point 150 ° C), propylene glycol n- Examples thereof include butyl ether (boiling point 170 ° C.), dipropylene glycol methyl ether (boiling point 190 ° C.), dipropylene glycol n-propyl ether (boiling point 212 ° C.), dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether (boiling point 229 ° C.), and the like.
- the organic solvent (C) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the organic solvent (C) is in the range of 5 to 30 parts by mass with reference to 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the water-based coating composition.
- the content of the organic solvent (C) is 5 parts by mass or more based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the aqueous coating composition, a coating film having an excellent finished appearance is formed even in the dust part.
- the amount is 30 parts by mass or less, a coating film having an excellent finished appearance can be formed even in the film-forming portion.
- the content of the organic solvent (C) is 6 based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the aqueous coating composition from the viewpoint of forming a coating film having an excellent finished appearance in the dust portion and the film-forming portion. It is more preferably in the range of about 25 parts by mass, and further preferably in the range of 7 to 20 parts by mass.
- the water-based paint composition of the present invention contains (A) a polyisocyanate component (a1) and a polyol component (a2) containing a polyether polyol (a2-1) and a polycarbonate polyol (a2-2).
- Urethane resin obtained from the constituents, at least one hydroxyl group-containing resin selected from (B) hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) and hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2), and (C) solubility parameters of 8.8 to 10.
- the water-based coating composition is in the range of 60 to 85 parts by mass, and the content of the organic solvent (C) is in the range of 5 to 30 parts by mass.
- the water-based coating composition of the present invention preferably further contains a curing agent (E) from the viewpoint of the finished appearance, water resistance, adhesion, etc. of the formed coating film.
- a curing agent (E) from the viewpoint of the finished appearance, water resistance, adhesion, etc. of the formed coating film.
- the curing agent (E) is a compound capable of reacting with the hydroxyl groups in the hydroxyl group-containing resin (B) to cure the aqueous coating composition of the present invention.
- the curing agent (E) can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the curing agent (E) include a melamine resin (E1), a polyisocyanate compound (E2), a blocked polyisocyanate compound (E3), and the like.
- the melamine resin (E1) and the blocked polyisocyanate compound (E3) are preferable, and the melamine resin (E1) is more preferable, from the viewpoints of the finished appearance, water resistance, chipping resistance, adhesion and the like of the formed coating film. preferable.
- the melamine resin (E1) a partially methylolated melamine resin or a completely methylolated melamine resin obtained by the reaction of the melamine component and the aldehyde component can be used.
- the aldehyde component include formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzaldehyde and the like.
- methylol group of the above-mentioned methylolated melamine resin which is partially or completely etherified with an appropriate alcohol
- examples of the alcohol used for etherification include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, 2-ethyl-1-butanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the melamine resin (E1) includes a methyl etherified melamine resin in which the methylol group of the partially or completely methylated melamine resin is partially or completely etherified with methyl alcohol, and the methylol group of the partially or completely methylated melamine resin is butyl alcohol.
- the melamine resin (E1) preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 400 to 6,000, more preferably 500 to 4,000, and even more preferably 600 to 3,000.
- a commercially available product can be used as the melamine resin (E1).
- Commercially available product names include, for example, “Symel 202", “Symel 203", “Symel 204", “Symel 211", “Symel 212", “Symel 238", “Symel 251", “Symel 253", “Symel 254", “Symel 303", “Symel 323", “Symel 324", “Symel 325", “Symel 327”, “Symel 350”, “Symel 370", “Symel 380", “Symel 385", “Symel 1156", “Symel 1158", “Symel 1116", “Symel 1130” (all manufactured by Ornex Japan Co., Ltd.); “Regimin 735", “Regimin 740", “Regimin 741”, “Regimin 745", “Regimin 746”, “Regimin 747” (above, manufactured by Monsanto); “Uban
- the content of the melamine resin (E1) is 1 to 30 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the water-based coating composition.
- the range of parts is preferable, the range of 2 to 20 parts by mass is more preferable, and the range of 3 to 15 parts by mass is further preferable.
- polyisocyanate compound (E2) the compound described in the column of the polyisocyanate component (a1) can be used.
- the polyisocyanate compound (E2) a prepolymer obtained by reacting the polyisocyanate and its derivative with a compound capable of reacting with the polyisocyanate under the condition of excess isocyanate group may be used.
- the compound capable of reacting with the polyisocyanate include compounds having an active hydrogen group such as a hydroxyl group and an amino group. Specific examples thereof include polyhydric alcohols, low molecular weight polyester resins, amines and water. Can be used.
- the polyisocyanate compound includes a polymer of an isocyanate group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, or a polymerizable unsaturated monomer other than the isocyanate group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer and the isocyanate group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer.
- a copolymer may be used.
- the blocked polyisocyanate compound (E3) is a compound in which the isocyanate group of the polyisocyanate compound (E2) is blocked with a blocking agent.
- the blocking agent examples include phenol-based agents such as phenol, cresol, xylenol, nitrophenol, ethylphenol, hydroxydiphenyl, butylphenol, isopropylphenol, nonylphenol, octylphenol, and methyl hydroxybenzoate; Oximes such as ⁇ -butyrolactam and ⁇ -propiolactam; aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, amyl alcohol and lauryl alcohol; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol mono Ether systems such as butyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, and methoxymethanol; benzyl alcohol, glycolic acid, methyl glycolate, ethyl glycolate, butyl glycolate, lactic acid, methyl lactate, ethyl
- Alcohols such as butyl, methylolurea, methylolmelamine, diacetone alcohol, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate; formamide oxime, acetamide oxime, acetoxime, methyl ethyl ketooxime, diacetyl monooxime, benzophenone oxime, cyclohexane oxime, etc.
- Oxime-based active methylene-based such as dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, methyl acetoacetate, acetylacetone; butyl mercaptan, t-butyl mercaptan, hexyl mercaptan, t-dodecyl mercaptan, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, thio Mercaptans such as phenol, methylthiophenol, ethylthiophenol; acidamides such as acetoanilide, acetoaniside, acetotolide, acrylamide, methacrylicamide, acetateamide, stearate amide, benzamide; succinide imide, phthalateimide, maleateimide, etc.
- active methylene-based such as dimethyl malonate, diethyl malonate, ethyl acetoacetate, methyl acetoacetate, acetylace
- azole compound examples include pyrazole, 3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 3-methylpyrazole, 4-benzyl-3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 4-nitro-3,5-dimethylpyrazole, 4-bromo-3, Pyrazole or pyrazole derivatives such as 5-dimethylpyrazole, 3-methyl-5-phenylpyrazole; imidazole or imidazole derivatives such as imidazole, benzimidazole, 2-methylimidazole, 2-ethylimidazole, 2-phenylimidazole; 2-methylimidazoline , 2-Pyrazole imidazoline and other imidazoline derivatives.
- preferable blocking agents include active methylene-based blocking agents, pyrazoles or pyrazole derivatives.
- a solvent can be added as needed.
- the solvent used for the blocking reaction may be one that is not reactive with the isocyanate group.
- a ketone solvent such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone
- an ester solvent such as ethyl acetate
- NMP N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone
- a hydroxycarboxylic acid having one or more hydroxyl groups and one or more carboxyl groups for example, hydroxypivalic acid, dimethylolpropionic acid and the like can also be used.
- a blocked polyisocyanate compound in which the isocyanate group is blocked with the hydroxycarboxylic acid and then the carboxyl group of the hydroxycarboxylic acid is neutralized to impart water dispersibility can be preferably used.
- the content of the blocked polyisocyanate compound (E3) is based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the water-based coating composition. It is preferably in the range of 1 to 30 parts by mass, more preferably in the range of 2 to 20 parts by mass, and further preferably in the range of 3 to 15 parts by mass.
- the aqueous coating composition of the present invention further comprises a resin other than the urethane resin (A), the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) and the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2), a pigment, and the organic solvent (B2), if necessary. It can contain an organic solvent other than C), a curing catalyst, a dispersant, a settling inhibitor, a defoaming agent, a thickener, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, a surface conditioner and the like.
- Examples of the resin other than the urethane resin (A), the hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin (B1) and the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin (B2) include a hydroxyl group-free acrylic resin, a hydroxyl group-free polyester resin, and a hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin.
- Examples thereof include a good polyether resin, a polycarbonate resin which may contain a hydroxyl group, and an epoxy resin which may contain a hydroxyl group.
- the pigment examples include coloring pigments, extender pigments, and brilliant pigments.
- the pigment can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of the pigment is preferably 1 to 200 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the aqueous coating composition of the present invention. It is more preferably in the range of 5 to 160 parts by mass, and further preferably in the range of 15 to 140 parts by mass.
- the coloring pigment examples include titanium oxide, zinc oxide, carbon black, molybdenum red, Prussian blue, cobalt blue, azo pigment, phthalocyanine pigment, quinacridone pigment, isoindolin pigment, slene pigment, and perylene pigment. , Dioxazine pigments, diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments and the like.
- the blending amount of the coloring pigment is preferably 1 to 180 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the water-based coating composition of the present invention. Is in the range of 5 to 150 parts by mass, more preferably 15 to 130 parts by mass.
- the extender pigment examples include barium sulfate, talc, clay, kaolin, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, silica, alumina white and the like.
- the blending amount of the extender pigment is preferably 1 to 180 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the aqueous coating composition of the present invention. Is in the range of 5 to 140 parts by mass, more preferably 10 to 120 parts by mass.
- the brilliant pigment examples include aluminum (including vapor-deposited aluminum), copper, zinc, brass, nickel, glass flakes, aluminum oxide, mica, titanium oxide and / or iron oxide-coated aluminum oxide, titanium oxide and the like. / Or an iron oxide-coated mica or the like.
- the blending amount of the brilliant pigment is 0.1 to 0.1 to 100 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the resin solid content in the water-based coating composition of the present invention. It is in the range of 100 parts by mass, preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass, and more preferably 3 to 25 parts by mass.
- organic solvent other than the organic solvent (C) examples include ester solvents such as butyl acetate; alcohol solvents such as isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol and isobutanol; aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents and the like. Can be mentioned.
- the curing catalyst examples include tin octylate, dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin di (2-ethylhexanoate), dibutyltin dilaurate, dioctyltin diacetate, and dioctyltin di (2-ethyl).
- the aqueous coating composition of the present invention can be used for coating by adding water and / or an organic solvent or the like as necessary to dilute the composition to an appropriate viscosity.
- the appropriate viscosity varies depending on the coating composition, but for example, water and / or organic so that the viscosity when measured at 20 ° C. at 6 rpm using a B-type viscometer is within the range of 300 to 3000 mPa ⁇ s. It is preferable to adjust appropriately using a solvent.
- the coating solid content concentration of the water-based coating composition is usually preferably about 5 to 70% by mass, and more preferably about 10 to 55% by mass.
- the water-based coating composition of the present invention may be either a one-component coating material or a multi-component coating material, but from the viewpoints of excellent productivity without a coating mixing process and simplification of maintenance of the coating machine. Therefore, it is preferable to use a one-component paint.
- the water-based coating composition of the present invention can be applied to an object to be coated by a method known per se, for example, air spray coating, airless spray coating, rotary atomization coating, curtain coat coating, etc. Electricity may be applied. Of these, air spray coating and rotary atomization coating are preferable. Further, such a coating method can be carried out once or several times until a desired film thickness is obtained.
- the amount of the aqueous coating composition of the present invention applied is preferably such that the cured film thickness is 1 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 2 to 15 ⁇ m, and 3 to 13 ⁇ m. Is even more preferable.
- the object to be coated with the water-based coating composition of the present invention is not particularly limited. Further, the water-based coating composition of the present invention can form a coating film having an excellent appearance after the coating film is formed on the upper layer not only in the film-formed portion but also in the portion to be coated in the form of dust. can.
- Multi-layer coating film forming method According to the water-based paint coating composition of the present invention, a multi-layer coating film having excellent finish properties of dust portions and film-forming portions and chipping resistance can be obtained. It is suitable for use as a chipping primer paint or the like.
- the chipping primer paint for automobiles is generally a paint that is applied to the outer panel of an automobile body or the like.
- Preferred embodiments of the multi-layer coating film forming method of the present invention include the following methods (M1) and (M2).
- Step (M1-1) A step of coating the aqueous coating composition of the present invention on an object to be coated to form a chipping primer coating film.
- Step (M1-2) A step of coating an aqueous intermediate coating composition on the chipping primer coating film formed in the above step (M1-1) to form an intermediate coating film.
- Step (M1-3) A step of coating a base coat coating film composition on the intermediate coating film formed in the above step (M1-2) to form a base coat coating film.
- Step (M2-5) A step of coating a clear coat coating film on the base coat coating film formed in the above step (M2-4) to form a clear coat coating film
- a step (M2-6) A method for forming a multi-layer coating film, which comprises a step of heat-curing the base coat coating film and the clear coat coating film formed in the steps (M2-4) and (M2-5) at once.
- the chipping primer coating film may be formed or dusty.
- preheating, air blowing, etc. can be performed under heating conditions in which the chipping primer coating film is not substantially cured. Moreover, you may leave an interval of about 1 to 60 minutes at room temperature without heating. Above all, it is preferable to leave an interval of about 1 to 60 minutes at room temperature without heating.
- the temperature of the preheat is preferably 40 to 100 ° C, more preferably 50 to 90 ° C, and even more preferably 60 to 80 ° C.
- the preheating time is preferably 30 seconds to 15 minutes, more preferably 1 to 10 minutes, and even more preferably 2 to 5 minutes.
- the air blow is usually preferably performed by blowing air heated to room temperature or a temperature of about 25 ° C. to 80 ° C. for 30 seconds to 15 minutes on the coated surface of the object to be coated.
- Examples of the object to be coated include the outer panel of an automobile body such as a passenger car, a truck, a motorcycle, and a bus; an automobile part and the like.
- the outer panel portion of the automobile body is preferable, and the hood portion and roof portion of the automobile body, which are required to have an excellent finished appearance and chipping resistance, are more preferable.
- the material of these objects to be coated is not particularly limited.
- metal materials such as iron, aluminum, brass, copper, tin, stainless steel, zinc-plated steel, zinc alloy (Zn-Al, Zn-Ni, Zn-Fe, etc.) plated steel; polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, acrylonitrile- Examples thereof include resins such as butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, polyamide resin, acrylic resin, vinylidene chloride resin, polycarbonate resin, polyurethane resin and epoxy resin, and various plastic materials such as FRP. Of these, metal materials are preferred.
- a phosphate treatment, a chromate treatment, and a composite oxidation are applied to a metal surface such as an automobile body outer panel, an automobile part, and a metal base material such as a steel plate constituting these. It may be one that has been subjected to surface treatment such as material treatment.
- a coating film may be further formed on the object which may or may not be surface-treated.
- an object to be coated which is a base material, may be subjected to a surface treatment, if necessary, and an undercoat coating film may be formed on the surface treatment.
- the undercoat coating film can be formed by using an undercoat coating composition known per se, which is usually used in painting an automobile body, for example, when the object to be coated is an automobile body.
- the undercoat coating composition is usually coated for the purpose of imparting corrosion resistance to the object to be coated.
- an electrodeposition coating material preferably a cationic electrodeposition coating material can be used.
- the undercoat coating film is preferably a cured coating film from the viewpoint of the finished appearance of the formed multi-layer coating film.
- thermosetting water-based intermediate coating composition a thermosetting water-based intermediate coating composition known for coating automobile bodies and the like can be used.
- a thermosetting coating material containing a base resin having a crosslinkable functional group, a crosslinking agent, a coloring pigment and an extender pigment can be preferably used.
- the water-based intermediate coating composition is usually coated for the purpose of imparting smoothness, chipping resistance and adhesion between coating films to an object to be coated.
- Examples of the crosslinkable functional group contained in the substrate resin include a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, and an epoxy group.
- Examples of the type of the substrate resin include acrylic resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin, and urethane resin.
- cross-linking agent examples include melamine resin, polyisocyanate compound, and blocked polyisocyanate compound.
- the coating amount of the aqueous intermediate coating composition is preferably an amount having a cured film thickness of 10 to 60 ⁇ m, more preferably an amount of 15 to 50 ⁇ m, and an amount of 20 to 40 ⁇ m. More preferred.
- thermosetting base coating coating composition known for coating automobile bodies and the like can be used.
- a thermosetting coating composition containing a base resin having a cross-linking functional group, a cross-linking agent, a coloring pigment and an extender pigment can be preferably used.
- the base coat coating composition is usually painted for the purpose of imparting excellent design (for example, color, metallic feeling, gloss, etc.) to the object to be coated.
- Examples of the crosslinkable functional group contained in the substrate resin include a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, and an epoxy group.
- Examples of the type of the substrate resin include acrylic resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin, and urethane resin.
- cross-linking agent examples include melamine resin, polyisocyanate compound, and blocked polyisocyanate compound.
- the base coat coating composition either a water-based coating composition or an organic solvent-type coating composition may be used, but the water-based coating composition is preferable from the viewpoint of reducing the environmental load and the like.
- the amount of the base coat coating composition applied is preferably such that the cured film thickness is 5 to 40 ⁇ m, more preferably 6 to 35 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 7 to 30 ⁇ m. ..
- thermosetting clear coating composition any thermosetting clear coating composition known for coating automobile bodies and the like can be used.
- thermosetting clear coating composition include an organic solvent-type thermosetting coating composition containing a base resin having a crosslinkable functional group and a curing agent, an aqueous thermosetting coating composition, and powder thermosetting.
- a paint composition and the like can be mentioned.
- the clear coat coating composition is usually coated for the purpose of imparting an excellent appearance (for example, gloss, etc.) and durability (weather resistance, water resistance, etc.) to the object to be coated.
- Examples of the crosslinkable functional group contained in the substrate resin include a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an epoxy group, and a silanol group.
- Examples of the type of the substrate resin include acrylic resin, polyester resin, alkyd resin, urethane resin, epoxy resin, and fluororesin.
- Examples of the curing agent include polyisocyanate compounds, blocked polyisocyanate compounds, melamine resins, urea resins, carboxyl group-containing compounds, carboxyl group-containing resins, epoxy group-containing resins, and epoxy group-containing compounds.
- the combination of the base resin / curing agent of the clear coat coating composition includes a hydroxyl group-containing resin / polyisocyanate compound, a carboxyl group-containing resin / epoxy group-containing resin, a hydroxyl group-containing resin / blocked polyisocyanate compound, and a hydroxyl group-containing resin / melamine.
- a resin or the like is preferable, and a hydroxyl group-containing resin / polyisocyanate compound is more preferable.
- the clear coat coating composition may be a one-component coating material or a multi-component coating material such as a two-component urethane resin coating material.
- the clear coat coating composition may contain a coloring pigment, a brilliant pigment, a dye, etc. to the extent that the transparency is not impaired, and further, an extender pigment, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, etc. , Antifoaming agent, thickener, rust preventive agent, surface conditioner and the like can be appropriately contained.
- the coating method of the clear coat coating composition is not particularly limited, but a wet coating film can be formed by, for example, an air spray coating, an airless spray coating, a rotary atomization coating, a curtain coating coating, or the like. In these coating methods, electrostatic application may be performed if necessary. Of these, air spray coating or rotary atomization coating is particularly preferable.
- the amount of the clear coat coating composition applied is usually preferably such that the cured film thickness is 10 to 70 ⁇ m, and more preferably 20 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the viscosity of the clear coating composition is set to a viscosity range suitable for the coating, usually Ford Cup No. 4 It is preferable to appropriately adjust the viscometer using a solvent such as an organic solvent so that the viscosity range is about 15 to 60 seconds at 20 ° C., particularly about 20 to 50 seconds.
- the heating can be performed by a known means, and for example, a drying furnace such as a hot air furnace, an electric furnace, or an infrared induction heating furnace can be applied.
- the heating temperature is preferably 60 to 180 ° C, more preferably 70 to 170 ° C, and even more preferably 80 to 160 ° C.
- the heating time is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 10 to 40 minutes, and more preferably in the range of 20 to 40 minutes.
- urethane resin emulsion (A-1) having a solid content of 35%, an acid value of 15 mgKOH / g, and an average particle size of 120 nm.
- the mass ratio of the polyether polyol / polycarbonate polyol of the urethane resin emulsion (A-1) was 66/34.
- Production Examples 2 to 8 In Production Example 1, urethane emulsions (A-2) to (A-8) were obtained in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that the compounding composition was as shown in Table 1 below.
- hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin solution (B1-1) having a solid content concentration of 40%.
- the obtained hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin solution (B1-1) had an acid value of 27 mgKOH / g, a hydroxyl value of 145 mgKOH / g, and a number average molecular weight of 5000.
- a polyester resin solution (B2-1) was obtained.
- the obtained hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin solution (B2-1) had a hydroxyl value of 150 mgKOH / g, an acid value of 35 mgKOH / g, and a number average molecular weight of 2,000.
- the obtained mixed solution was placed in a wide-mouthed glass bottle, glass beads having a diameter of about 1.3 mm ⁇ were added as a dispersion medium, sealed, and dispersed with a paint shaker for 30 minutes to obtain a pigment dispersion (P-1). Obtained.
- Production Example 13 12.5 parts (5 parts solid content) of the hydroxyl group-containing polyester resin solution (B2-1) obtained in Production Example 10, 50 parts of "JR-806" (trade name, manufactured by Teika, rutile-type titanium dioxide), "carbon” 1 part of "MA-100” (trade name, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, carbon black) and 10 parts of deionized water were mixed, and the pH was adjusted to 8.4 with 2- (dimethylamino) ethanol. Next, the obtained mixed solution was placed in a wide-mouthed glass bottle, glass beads having a diameter of about 1.3 mm ⁇ were added as a dispersion medium, sealed, and dispersed with a paint shaker for 30 minutes to obtain a pigment dispersion (P-2). Obtained.
- Production Example 1 of water-based coating composition 73.5 parts of the pigment dispersion liquid (P-2) obtained in Production Example 13, 228.6 parts (solid content 80 parts) of the urethane resin emulsion (A-1) obtained in Production Example 1, and obtained in Production Example 9.
- Hydroxyl group-containing acrylic resin solution (B1-1) 12.5 parts (solid content 5 parts), "Simel 350" (trade name, manufactured by Ornex Japan, methyl etherified melamine resin, solid content 100%) 10 parts ( 10 parts of solid content) and 10 parts of propylene glycol n-butyl ether (solubility parameter 9.7, boiling point 170 ° C.) were uniformly mixed.
- Aqueous paint composition having a viscosity of 1000 mPa ⁇ s when measured at a rotation speed of 6 rpm at 20 ° C. using a B-type viscometer with a paint solid content of 30%. I got 1.
- the blending composition shown in Table 2 is based on the blending amount for the organic solvent and the solid content mass for the other components.
- Aqueous paint composition NO. Regarding the storage stability of 1 to 29, the viscosity immediately after production and the viscosity at 40 ° C. are based on the viscosity after 1 minute at 60 rpm measured by "LVDV-I" (trade name, manufactured by BROOKFIELD, B type viscometer). It was evaluated by the rate of change in viscosity after being allowed to stand for 10 days. Before measuring the viscosity, the mixture was stirred with a disper at 1000 rpm for 5 minutes. Viscosity change rate (%)
- the results of storage stability are also shown in Table 2.
- thermosetting epoxy resin-based cationic electrodeposition coating composition (trade name "Electron GT-10", manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd.) is electrodeposited on a cold-rolled steel sheet treated with zinc phosphate so as to have a film thickness of 20 ⁇ m. , 170 ° C. for 30 minutes to cure.
- a test plate obtained by forming an electrodeposition coating film on the steel plate was obtained.
- Example 20 The water-based coating composition No. 1 obtained in Example 1 was applied to the test plate obtained above. Using a hand gun, apply graded coating (0 to 10 ⁇ m, standard film thickness of the film-forming part 8 ⁇ m) with a gradient to the film thickness of 1 so that a dust part and a film-forming part can be obtained, and leave it for 5 minutes. , An uncured chipping primer coating was formed. Next, on the uncured chipping primer coating film, "WP-523H" (trade name, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd., acrylic / melamine resin-based water-based intermediate coating composition) is applied to a rotary atomization type electrostatic coating machine.
- WP-523H trade name, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd., acrylic / melamine resin-based water-based intermediate coating composition
- Example 21 Comparative Examples 11 to 20
- a test plate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 20 except that the type of the water-based coating composition was changed as shown in Table 3 below.
- Example 39 On the test plate obtained above, the aqueous coating composition NO. Using a hand gun, apply graded coating (0 to 10 ⁇ m, standard film thickness of the film-forming part 8 ⁇ m) with a gradient to the film thickness of 2 so that a dust part and a film-forming part can be obtained, and leave it for 5 minutes. , An uncured chipping primer coating was formed. Next, on the uncured chipping primer coating film, "WP-523H" (trade name, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd., acrylic / melamine resin-based water-based intermediate coating composition) is applied to a rotary atomization type electrostatic coating machine.
- WP-523H trade name, manufactured by Kansai Paint Co., Ltd., acrylic / melamine resin-based water-based intermediate coating composition
- ⁇ and ⁇ are acceptable.
- ⁇ The size of the scratch is extremely small, and the electrodeposited surface and the base steel plate are not exposed.
- ⁇ The size of the scratch is small, and the electrodeposited surface and the base steel plate are not exposed.
- ⁇ The size of the scratch is small, but the electrodeposited surface and the base steel plate are exposed.
- X The size of the scratch is quite large, and the base steel plate is also greatly exposed.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible.
- the configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, etc. given in the above-described embodiments and examples are merely examples, and if necessary, different configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, etc. May be used.
- the configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, and the like of the above-described embodiments can be combined with each other as long as they do not deviate from the gist of the present invention.
Abstract
Description
(B)(B1)水酸基含有アクリル樹脂及び(B2)水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂から選ばれる少なくとも1種の水酸基含有樹脂、
(C)溶解性パラメーターが8.8~10.1の範囲内である有機溶剤、及び
(D)水、
を含む水性塗料組成物であって、前記水性塗料組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として、
前記ウレタン樹脂(A)の含有量が、60~85質量部の範囲内であり、
前記有機溶剤(C)の含有量が、5~30質量部の範囲内である、水性塗料組成物。
項2.前記ポリオール成分(a2)中の、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(a2-1)の前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)に対する比が、ポリエーテルポリオール(a2-1)/ポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)の質量比で、80/20~30/70である、項1に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項3.前記有機溶剤(C)の溶解性パラメーターが、8.9~9.7の範囲内である、項1又は2に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項4.さらに、硬化剤(E)を含有する、項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項5.前記硬化剤(E)が、メラミン樹脂(E1)及びブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物(E3)から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、項4に記載の水性塗料組成物。
項6. 工程(M1-1):被塗物上に、項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物を塗装してチッピングプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-2):前記工程(M1-1)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜上に、水性中塗り塗料組成物を塗装して中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-3):前記工程(M1-2)で形成された中塗り塗膜上に、ベースコート塗料組成物を塗装してベースコート塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-4):前記工程(M1-3)で形成されたベースコート塗膜上に、クリヤーコート塗料組成物を塗装してクリヤーコート塗膜を形成する工程、ならびに
工程(M1-5):前記工程(M1-1)~(M1-4)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜、中塗り塗膜、ベースコート塗膜及びクリヤーコート塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を含む複層塗膜形成方法。
項7.工程(M2-1):被塗物上に、項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物を塗装してチッピングプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-2):前記工程(M2-1)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜上に、水性中塗り塗料組成物を塗装して中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-3):前記工程(M2-1)及び(M2-2)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜及び中塗り塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
工程(M2-4):前記工程(M2-3)で硬化された中塗り塗膜上に、ベースコート塗料組成物を塗装してベースコート塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-5):前記工程(M2-4)で形成されたベースコート塗膜上に、クリヤーコート塗料組成物を塗装してクリヤーコート塗膜を形成する工程、ならびに
工程(M2-6):前記工程(M2-4)及び(M2-5)で形成されたベースコート塗膜及びクリヤーコート塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を含む複層塗膜形成方法。
ウレタン樹脂(A)は、ポリイソシアネート成分(a1)とポリエーテルポリオール(a2-1)及びポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)を含有するポリオール成分(a2)とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂である。換言すれば、ウレタン樹脂(A)は、ポリイソシアネート成分(a1)とポリエーテルポリオール(a2-1)及びポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)を含有するポリオール成分(a2)との反応生成物である。
ポリイソシアネート成分(a1)は、1分子中に少なくとも2個のイソシアネート基を有する化合物である。
ポリオール成分(a2)は、1分子中に少なくとも2個の水酸基を有する化合物であり、ポリエーテルポリオール(a2-1)及びポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)を含有する。
ポリエーテルポリオールとしては、例えば、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、1,2-ブチレングリコール、1,3-ブチレングリコール、2,3-ブチレングリコール、1,4-ブチレングリコール、1,5-ペンタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、1,6-ヘキサングリコール、2,5-ヘキサンジオール、ジプロピレングリコール、2,2,4-トリメチル-1,3-ペンタンジオール、トリシクロデカンジメタノール、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール等の低分子量のポリオールのアルキレンオキシド付加物、アルキレンオキシド又は環状エーテル(テトラヒドロフラン等)の開環(共)重合体等を使用することができる。具体的には、例えば、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、エチレングリコール-プロピレングリコールの(ブロック又はランダム)共重合体、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、ポリヘキサメチレングリコール、ポリオクタメチレングリコール等が挙げられる。
ポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)としては、例えば、下記一般式
HO-R-(O-C(O)-O-R)x-OH
(式中RはC1-12アルキレン基又はC1-3アルキレン-C3-8シクロアルキレン-C1-3アルキレン基を示し、xは分子の繰返し単位の数を示し、通常5~50の整数である。複数のRは同一でも異なっていても良い)
で示される化合物等を使用することができる。これらは、ポリオールと置換カーボネート(炭酸ジエチル、ジフェニルカーボネート等)とを水酸基が過剰となる条件で反応させるエステル交換法、前記飽和脂肪族ポリオールとホスゲンを反応させるか、又は必要に応じて、その後さらに飽和脂肪族ポリオールを反応させる方法等により得ることができる。
上記触媒としては、例えば、トリス(2-エチルヘキサン酸)ビスマス(III)等のカルボン酸ビスマス化合物;ジブチルチンジラウレート、ジブチルチンジオクトエート、スタナスオクトエート等の有機スズ化合物;トリエチルアミン、トリエチレンジアミン等の3級アミン化合物等を挙げることができる。
これらのうち、比較的低毒性であり、環境適応性の観点からビスマス系触媒が好ましい。
以上により、ウレタン樹脂(A)のプレポリマーを得ることが出来る。
上記プレポリマーの合成において、有機溶剤としては、ウレタン化反応に支障を及ぼさないイソシアネートと不活性の有機溶剤が使用可能であり、このような有機溶剤としては、例えばトルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素系溶剤、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル等のエステル系溶剤、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン等のケトン系溶剤等を挙げることができる。なかでも上記のうち、水分散安定性の観点から、ケトン系溶剤、エステル系溶剤を好適に使用することができる。
上記塩基性化合物のうち、塗料組成物に適用して得られる塗膜の耐水性の観点から、有機アミンが好ましい。
これらの中和剤は、最終的にウレタン樹脂(A)の水分散液のpHが6.0~9.0程度となるような量で用いることが望ましい。
上記中和剤を添加する場合、中和剤の添加量としては、カルボキシル基等の酸基に対して、0.1~1.5当量、好ましくは0.3~1.2当量用いることが好適である。
数平均分子量が10,000以上であると、得られる塗膜性能が良好となる。
水酸基含有樹脂(B)は、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(B1)及び水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(B2)から選ばれる少なくとも1種の水酸基含有樹脂である。
水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(B1)としては、従来から水性塗料に使用されているそれ自体既知の水溶性又は水分散性のアクリル樹脂を使用することができる。
(ii) イソボルニル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(iii) アダマンチル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(iv) トリシクロデセニル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:トリシクロデセニル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(v) 芳香環含有重合性不飽和モノマー:ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン等。
(vi) アルコキシシリル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:ビニルトリメトキシシラン、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリス(2-メトキシエトキシ)シラン、γ-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、γ-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン等。
(vii) フッ素化アルキル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:パーフルオロブチルエチル(メタ)アクリレート、パーフルオロオクチルエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のパーフルオロアルキル(メタ)アクリレート;フルオロオレフィン等。
(viii) マレイミド基等の光重合性官能基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー。
(ix) ビニル化合物:N-ビニルピロリドン、エチレン、ブタジエン、クロロプレン、プロピオン酸ビニル、酢酸ビニル等。
(x) カルボキシル基含有重合性不飽和モノマー:(メタ)アクリル酸、マレイン酸、クロトン酸、β-カルボキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート等。
(xii) 重合性不飽和基を1分子中に2個以上有する重合性不飽和モノマー:アリル(メタ)アクリレート、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート等。
(xiii) エポキシ基含有重合性不飽和モノマー:グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、β-メチルグリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルメチル(メタ)アクリレート、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルエチル(メタ)アクリレート、3,4-エポキシシクロヘキシルプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、アリルグリシジルエーテル等。
(xiv) 分子末端がアルコキシ基であるポリオキシエチレン鎖を有する(メタ)アクリレート。
(xv) スルホン酸基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:2-アクリルアミド-2-メチルプロパンスルホン酸、2-スルホエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アリルスルホン酸、4-スチレンスルホン酸等;これらスルホン酸のナトリウム塩及びアンモニウム塩等。
(xvi) リン酸基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:アシッドホスホオキシエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アシッドホスホオキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、アシッドホスホオキシポリ(オキシエチレン)グリコール(メタ)アクリレート、アシッドホスホオキシポリ(オキシプロピレン)グリコール(メタ)アクリレート等。
(xvii) 紫外線吸収性官能基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:2-ヒドロキシ-4(3-メタクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロポキシ)ベンゾフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-4-(3-アクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロポキシ)ベンゾフェノン、2,2’-ジヒドロキシ-4-(3-メタクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロポキシ)ベンゾフェノン、2,2’-ジヒドロキシ-4-(3-アクリロイルオキシ-2-ヒドロキシプロポキシ)ベンゾフェノン、2-[2-ヒドロキシ-5-[2-(メタクリロイルオキシ)エチル]フェニル]-2H-ベンゾトリアゾール等。
(xviii) 光安定性重合性不飽和モノマー:4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチルピペリジン、4-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン、4-シアノ-4-(メタ)アクリロイルアミノ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン、1-(メタ)アクリロイル-4-(メタ)アクリロイルアミノ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン、1-(メタ)アクリロイル-4-シアノ-4-(メタ)アクリロイルアミノ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン、4-クロトノイルオキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン、4-クロトノイルアミノ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン、1-クロトノイル-4-クロトノイルオキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン等。
(xix) カルボニル基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:アクロレイン、ダイアセトンアクリルアミド、ダイアセトンメタクリルアミド、アセトアセトキシエチルメタクリレート、ホルミルスチロール、4~7個の炭素原子を有するビニルアルキルケトン(例えば、ビニルメチルケトン、ビニルエチルケトン、ビニルブチルケトン)等。
(xx) 酸無水物基を有する重合性不飽和モノマー:無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸、無水シトラコン酸等。
水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(B2)としては、従来から水性塗料に使用されているそれ自体既知の水溶性又は水分散性のポリエステル樹脂を使用することができる。
水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(B2)は、通常、酸成分とアルコール成分とのエステル化反応又はエステル交換反応によって製造することができる。
上記脂肪族多塩基酸としては、得られる塗膜の平滑性の観点から、アジピン酸及び/又はアジピン酸無水物を用いることが好ましい。
上記脂環族多塩基酸としては、得られる塗膜の平滑性の観点から、1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸無水物、1,3-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、1,4-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸、4-シクロヘキセン-1,2-ジカルボン酸、4-シクロヘキセン-1,2-ジカルボン酸無水物を用いることが好ましく、なかでも、1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸及び/又は1,2-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸無水物を用いることがより好ましい。
上記芳香族多塩基酸としては、フタル酸、無水フタル酸、イソフタル酸、トリメリット酸、無水トリメリット酸を使用することが好ましい。
有機溶剤(C)は、溶解性パラメーターが8.8~10.1の範囲内である有機溶剤である。
上記有機溶剤(C)の溶解性パラメーターが8.8以上であると、ダスト部の仕上がり外観に優れた塗膜を形成することができ、溶解性パラメーターが10.1以下であると、成膜部の仕上がり外観に優れた塗膜を形成することができる。なかでも、有機溶剤(C)の溶解性パラメーターは、形成される塗膜のダスト部及び成膜部の仕上がり外観等の観点から、8.9~9.7であることが好ましく、9.1~9.7であることがさらに好ましい。
溶解性パラメーター=(Σ△e/Σ△v)1/2
(参考文献:向井淳二、金城徳幸著、講談社、「技術者のための実学高分子」、1981年10月発行、P71~77)。
上記沸点が130~230℃の範囲内である有機溶剤(C)としては、例えば、シクロヘキサノールアセテート(沸点173℃)、プロピレングリコールジアセテート(沸点190℃)、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート(沸点145℃)、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルアセテート(沸点188℃)、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート(沸点217℃)、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル(沸点171℃)、プロピレングリコールn-プロピルエーテル(沸点150℃)、プロピレングリコールn-ブチルエーテル(沸点170℃)、ジプロピレングリコールメチルエーテル(沸点190℃)、ジプロピレングリコールn-プロピルエーテル(沸点212℃)、ジプロピレングリコールn-ブチルエーテル(沸点229℃)などをあげることができる。
上記有機溶剤(C)の含有量が、水性塗料組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として、5質量部以上であると、ダスト部においても仕上がり外観に優れた塗膜を形成することができ、30質量部以下であると、成膜部においても仕上がり外観に優れた塗膜を形成することができる。なかでも、有機溶剤(C)の含有量は、ダスト部及び成膜部の仕上がり外観に優れた塗膜を形成する観点から、水性塗料組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として、6~25質量部の範囲内であることがより好ましく、7~20質量部の範囲内であることがさらに好ましい。
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、(A)ポリイソシアネート成分(a1)とポリエーテルポリオール(a2-1)及びポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)を含有するポリオール成分(a2)とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂、(B)水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(B1)及び水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(B2)から選ばれる少なくとも1種の水酸基含有樹脂、(C)溶解性パラメーターが8.8~10.1の範囲内である有機溶剤及び(D)水を含む水性塗料組成物であって、水性塗料組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として、前記ウレタン樹脂(A)の含有量が、60~85質量部の範囲内であり、前記有機溶剤(C)の含有量が、5~30質量部の範囲内であることを特徴とする水性塗料組成物である。
硬化剤(E)は、上記水酸基含有樹脂(B)中の水酸基と反応して、本発明の水性塗料組成物を硬化し得る化合物である。該硬化剤(E)は、単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
本発明の水性塗料組成物は、さらに必要に応じて、上記ウレタン樹脂(A)、水酸基含有アクリル樹脂(B1)及び水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂(B2)以外の樹脂、顔料、前記有機溶剤(C)以外の有機溶剤、硬化触媒、分散剤、沈降防止剤、消泡剤、増粘剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、表面調整剤等を含有することができる。
本発明の水性塗料組成物が、上記着色顔料を含有する場合、該着色顔料の配合量は本発明の水性塗料組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として、1~180質量部、好ましくは5~150質量部、さらに好ましくは15~130質量部の範囲内である。
本発明の水性塗料組成物が、上記体質顔料を含有する場合、該体質顔料の配合量は本発明の水性塗料組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として、1~180質量部、好ましくは5~140質量部、さらに好ましくは10~120質量部の範囲内である。
本発明の水性塗料組成物が、上記光輝性顔料を含有する場合、該光輝性顔料の配合量は、本発明の水性塗料組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として、0.1~100質量部、好ましくは1~50質量部、さらに好ましくは3~25質量部の範囲内である。
適正粘度は、塗料組成により異なるが、例えば、B型粘度計を用いて20℃において回転数6rpmで測定したときの粘度が300~3000mPa・sの範囲内となるように、水及び/又は有機溶剤を用いて、適宜、調整しておくことが好ましい。
また、本発明の水性塗料組成物は、成膜部分だけでなく、ダスト状に塗装される部分においても、上層に塗膜が形成された後には優れた外観を有する塗膜を形成することができる。
本発明の水性塗料塗料組成物によれば、ダスト部及び成膜部の仕上り性、並びに耐チッピング性に優れた複層塗膜を得ることができるので、例えば、自動車のチッピングプライマー塗料等として用いるのが適している。
自動車のチッピングプライマー塗料は、一般に、自動車車体の外板部等に塗装される塗料である。
工程(M1-1):被塗物上に、本発明の水性塗料組成物を塗装してチッピングプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-2):前記工程(M1-1)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜上に、水性中塗り塗料組成物を塗装して中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-3):前記工程(M1-2)で形成された中塗り塗膜上に、ベースコート塗料組成物を塗装してベースコート塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-4):前記工程(M1-3)で形成されたベースコート塗膜上に、クリヤーコート塗料組成物を塗装してクリヤーコート塗膜を形成する工程、ならびに
工程(M1-5):前記工程(M1-1)~(M1-4)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜、中塗り塗膜、ベースコート塗膜及びクリヤーコート塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、を含む複層塗膜形成方法。
工程(M2-1):被塗物上に、本発明の水性塗料組成物を塗装してチッピングプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-2):前記工程(M2-1)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜上に、水性中塗り塗料組成物を塗装して中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-3):前記工程(M2-1)及び(M2-2)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜及び中塗り塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
工程(M2-4):前記工程(M2-3)で硬化された中塗り塗膜上に、ベースコート塗料組成物を塗装してベースコート塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-5):前記工程(M2-4)で形成されたベースコート塗膜上に、クリヤーコート塗料組成物を塗装してクリヤーコート塗膜を形成する工程、ならびに
工程(M2-6):前記工程(M2-4)及び(M2-5)で形成されたベースコート塗膜及びクリヤーコート塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、を含む複層塗膜形成方法。
上記下塗り塗膜を形成するための下塗り塗料組成物としては、例えば、電着塗料、好ましくはカチオン電着塗料を使用することができる。
また、上記下塗り塗膜は、形成される複層塗膜の仕上がり外観の観点から、硬化塗膜であることが好ましい。
上記水性中塗り塗料組成物は、通常、被塗物に平滑性、耐チッピング性及び塗膜間の密着性を付与することを目的として塗装される。
前記基体樹脂の種類としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂及びウレタン樹脂などを挙げることができる。
上記ベースコート塗料組成物は、通常、被塗物に優れたデザイン性(例えば、色、金属感及び光沢等)を付与することを目的として塗装される。
前記基体樹脂の種類としては、例えば、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、アルキド樹脂及びウレタン樹脂などを挙げることができる。
上記クリヤーコート塗料組成物は、通常、被塗物に優れた外観(例えば光沢等)及び耐久性(耐候性、耐水性等)を付与することを目的として塗装される。
製造例1
温度計、サーモスタット、攪拌装置、還流冷却器及び水分離器を備えた反応容器に、「PTMG2000」(商品名、三菱ケミカル社製、数平均分子量が1000であるポリテトラメチレンエーテルグリコール)233.4部、「ETERNACOLL UH-200」(商品名、宇部興産社製、数平均分子量が1000であるポリカーボネートジオール)120.7部、シクロヘキサンジメタノール0.9部、ジメチロールプロピオン酸16.6部及びメチルエチルケトン290部を仕込み、撹拌しながら70℃まで昇温させた後、イソホロンジイソシアネート80.6部及び水添MDI1.6部の混合物を30分かけて滴下し、70℃を保持して撹拌を続け、遊離イソシアネート基含有量8.0%のNCO末端プレポリマーを得た。得られた反応物を30℃に冷却し、ジメチルエタノールアミン6.6部を加えた後、脱イオン水761.5部を加え、乳化後、これに5%ジエチレントリアミン水溶液74.1部を添加し、120分間撹拌して、鎖伸長反応を行なった。次いで、メチルエチルケトンを減圧加熱下に留去し、脱イオン水で濃度調整して、固形分35%、酸価15mgKOH/g、平均粒子径120nmのウレタン樹脂エマルション(A-1)を得た。ウレタン樹脂エマルション(A-1)のポリエーテルポリオール/ポリカーボネートポリオールの質量比は、66/34であった。
製造例1において、配合組成を下記表1に示す通りとする以外は、製造例1と同様にして、ウレタンエマルション(A-2)~(A-8)を得た。
(注2)「ETERNACOLL UH-300」:商品名、宇部興産社製、数平均分子量が3000であるポリカーボネートジオール、
(注3)「クラレポリオール P-3010」:商品名、クラレ社製、数平均分子量が3000であるポリエステルポリオール。
製造例9
温度計、サーモスタット、撹拌装置、還流冷却器、窒素導入管及び滴下装置を備えた反応容器に、酢酸ブチル(溶解性パラメーター8.7)30部を仕込み85℃に昇温後、スチレン10部、メチルメタクリレート30部、2-エチルヘキシルアクリレート15部、n-ブチルアクリレート11.5部、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート30部、アクリル酸3.5部、酢酸ブチル(溶解性パラメーター8.7)10部及び2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)2部の混合物を4時間かけて滴下し、滴下終了後1時間熟成した。その後さらに、酢酸ブチル(溶解性パラメーター8.7)5部及び2,2’-アゾビス(2,4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)1部の混合物を1時間かけてフラスコに滴下し、滴下終了後1時間熟成した。さらに2-(ジメチルアミノ)エタノール3.03部を加え、脱イオン水を徐々に添加することにより、固形分濃度40%の水酸基含有アクリル樹脂溶液(B1-1)を得た。得られた水酸基含有アクリル樹脂溶液(B1-1)の酸価は27mgKOH/g、水酸基価は145mgKOH/g、数平均分子量は5000であった。
製造例10
加熱装置、攪拌装置、温度計、還流冷却器及び水分離器を備えた4つ口フラスコに、1,3-シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸61.9部、アジピン酸70.1部、トリメチロールプロパン62.8部、ネオペンチルグリコール24.2部及び1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノール44.6部を装入してなる内容物を160℃から230℃まで3時間かけて昇温させた後、230℃で1時間保持し生成した縮合水を精留塔を用いて留去させた。
次に、生成物に無水トリメリット酸15.0部を付加した後、脱溶剤を行い、2-(ジメチルアミノ)エタノールで中和してから、水に分散して固形分40%の水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂溶液(B2-1)を得た。得られた水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂溶液(B2-1)の水酸基価は150mgKOH/g、酸価は35mgKOH/g、数平均分子量は2,000であった。
製造例11
温度計、サーモスタット、攪拌装置、還流冷却器、窒素導入管、滴下装置を備えた反応容器に、「スミジュールN-3300」(商品名、住化バイエルウレタン社製、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート由来のイソシアヌレート構造含有ポリイソシアネート、固形分100%、イソシアネート基含有率21.8%)1550部及び2,6-ジ-t-ブチル-4-メチルフェノール0.9部を仕込み、よく混合して、窒素気流下で130℃で3時間加熱した。次いで、酢酸エチル(溶解性パラメーター8.7)1200部及びマロン酸ジイソプロピル1350部を仕込み、窒素気流下で攪拌しながら、ナトリウムメトキシドの28%メタノール(溶解性パラメーター13.8)溶液14部を加え、65℃で8時間攪拌し、最終固形分が70%となるよう酢酸エチル(溶解性パラメーター8.7)で希釈して、固形分70%、重量平均分子量4,200のブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物(E3-1)を得た。
製造例12
製造例9で得た水酸基含有アクリル樹脂溶液(B1-1)12.5部(固形分5部)、「JR-806」(商品名、テイカ社製、ルチル型二酸化チタン)50部、「カーボンMA-100」(商品名、三菱化学社製、カーボンブラック)1部及び脱イオン水10部を混合し、2-(ジメチルアミノ)エタノールでpH8.4に調整した。次いで、得られた混合液を広口ガラスビン中に入れ、分散メジアとして直径約1.3mmφのガラスビーズを加えて密封し、ペイントシェイカーにて30分間分散して、顔料分散液(P-1)を得た。
製造例10で得た水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂溶液(B2-1)12.5部(固形分5部)、「JR-806」(商品名、テイカ社製、ルチル型二酸化チタン)50部、「カーボンMA-100」(商品名、三菱化学社製、カーボンブラック)1部及び脱イオン水10部を混合し、2-(ジメチルアミノ)エタノールでpH8.4に調整した。次いで、得られた混合液を広口ガラスビン中に入れ、分散メジアとして直径約1.3mmφのガラスビーズを加えて密封し、ペイントシェイカーにて30分間分散して、顔料分散液(P-2)を得た。
実施例1
製造例13で得た顔料分散液(P-2)73.5部、製造例1で得たウレタン樹脂エマルション(A-1)228.6部(固形分80部)、製造例9で得た水酸基含有アクリル樹脂溶液(B1-1)12.5部(固形分5部)、「サイメル350」(商品名、オルネクスジャパン社製、メチルエ-テル化メラミン樹脂、固形分100%)10部(固形分10部)及びプロピレングリコールn-ブチルエーテル(溶解性パラメーター9.7、沸点170℃)10部を均一に混合した。次いで、得られた混合物に、脱イオン水、「アデカノールUH-530」(商品名、ADEKA社製、増粘剤、固形分30%)及び2-(ジメチルアミノ)エタノールを添加し、PH8.4、塗料固形分30%、B型粘度計を用いて20℃において回転数6rpmで測定したときの粘度が1000mPa・sの水性塗料組成物NO.1を得た。
配合組成を下記表2に示すものとする以外は、実施例1と同様にして、PH8.4、塗料固形分30%、B型粘度計を用いて20℃において回転数6rpmで測定したときの粘度が1000mPa・sの各水性塗料組成物NO.2~29を得た。なお表2に示す配合組成は、有機溶剤に関しては配合量、その他の成分に関しては固形分質量による。
粘度変化率(%)=|(40℃で10日間静置した後の粘度/製造直後の粘度)-1|×100
◎及び○が合格である。
◎:粘度変化率が20%未満、
○:粘度変化率が20%以上、50%未満、
×:粘度変化率が50%以上。
貯蔵安定性の結果を併せて表2に示す。
(注5) トリプロピレングリコールn-ブチルエーテル:溶解性パラメーター9.3、沸点274℃、
(注6) エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテルアセテート:溶解性パラメーター8.9、沸点188℃、
(注7) プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート:溶解性パラメーター8.7、沸点146℃、
(注8) プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル:溶解性パラメーター溶解性パラメーター10.2、沸点121℃。
リン酸亜鉛処理された冷延鋼板に、熱硬化性エポキシ樹脂系カチオン電着塗料組成物(商品名「エレクロンGT-10」、関西ペイント社製)を膜厚20μmになるように電着塗装し、170℃で30分加熱して硬化させた。かくして、鋼板上に電着塗膜を形成してなる試験板を得た。
実施例20
上記で得られた試験板に、実施例1で得た水性塗料組成物NO.1を、ダスト部及び成膜部が得られるように、ハンドガンを用いて、膜厚に勾配をつけて傾斜塗装(0~10μm、成膜部標準膜厚8μm)を行ない、5分間放置して、未硬化のチッピングプライマー塗膜を形成した。
次いで、該未硬化のチッピングプライマー塗膜上に、「WP-523H」(商品名、関西ペイント社製、アクリル・メラミン樹脂系水性中塗り塗料組成物)を、回転霧化型の静電塗装機を用いて、硬化膜厚30μmとなるように静電塗装し、5分間放置して、未硬化の中塗り塗膜を形成した。
次いで、該未硬化の中塗り塗膜上に、「WBC-720H」(商品名、関西ペイント社製、アクリル・メラミン樹脂系水性ベースコート塗料組成物)を、回転霧化型の静電塗装機を用いて、乾燥膜厚で15μmとなるように静電塗装し、5分間放置後、80℃で3分間プレヒートを行ない、未硬化のベースコート塗膜を形成した。
次いで、該未硬化のベースコート塗膜上に、「ルーガベークHK-4」(商品名、関西ペイント社製、メラミン硬化型クリヤー塗料、基体樹脂/硬化剤の組み合わせ:水酸基含有樹脂/メラミン樹脂)を乾燥膜厚で35μmとなるように静電塗装し、7分間放置し、クリヤーコート塗膜を形成した。
次いで、140℃で30分間加熱して、チッピングプライマー塗膜、中塗り塗膜、ベースコート塗膜及びクリヤーコート塗膜を加熱硬化させることにより、試験板を作製した。
実施例20において、水性塗料組成物の種類を下記表3の通りに変更すること以外は、実施例20と同様にして試験板を作製した。
上記で得られた試験板に、実施例2で得た水性塗料組成物NO.2を、ダスト部及び成膜部が得られるように、ハンドガンを用いて、膜厚に勾配をつけて傾斜塗装(0~10μm、成膜部標準膜厚8μm)を行ない、5分間放置して、未硬化のチッピングプライマー塗膜を形成した。
次いで、該未硬化のチッピングプライマー塗膜上に、「WP-523H」(商品名、関西ペイント社製、アクリル・メラミン樹脂系水性中塗り塗料組成物)を、回転霧化型の静電塗装機を用いて、硬化膜厚30μmとなるように静電塗装し、5分間放置して、未硬化の中塗り塗膜を形成した。
次いで、140℃で30分間加熱して、チッピングプライマー塗膜及び中塗り塗膜を加熱硬化させた。
次いで、該加熱硬化させた中塗り塗膜上に、「WBC-720H」(商品名、関西ペイント社製、アクリル・メラミン樹脂系水性ベースコート塗料組成物)を、回転霧化型の静電塗装機を用いて、乾燥膜厚で15μmとなるように静電塗装し、5分間放置後、80℃で3分間プレヒートを行ない、未硬化のベースコート塗膜を形成した。
次いで、該未硬化のベースコート塗膜上に、「ルーガベークHK-4」(商品名、関西ペイント社製、メラミン硬化型クリヤーコート塗料、基体樹脂/硬化剤の組み合わせ:水酸基含有樹脂/メラミン樹脂)を乾燥膜厚で35μmとなるように静電塗装し、7分間放置し、クリヤーコート塗膜を形成した。
次いで、140℃で30分間加熱して、ベースコート塗膜及びクリヤーコート塗膜を加熱硬化させることにより、試験板を作製した。
チッピングプライマー塗膜のダスト部の仕上がり外観:各試験板について、「Wave Scan」(商品名、BYK Gardner社製)によって測定されるShort Wave(SW)値及びWa値に基づいて、鮮映性を評価した。SW値及びWa値はともに、小さいほど塗面の鮮映性が高いことを示す。30以下が合格である。
◎:キズの大きさが極めて小さく、電着面や素地の鋼板が露出していない。
○:キズの大きさが小さく、電着面や素地の鋼板が露出していない。
△:キズの大きさは小さいが、電着面や素地の鋼板が露出している。
×:キズの大きさはかなり大きく、素地の鋼板も大きく露出している。
Claims (7)
- (A)(a1)ポリイソシアネート成分と(a2)(a2-1)ポリエーテルポリオール及び(a2-2)ポリカーボネートポリオールを含有するポリオール成分とを含む構成成分から得られるウレタン樹脂、
(B)(B1)水酸基含有アクリル樹脂及び(B2)水酸基含有ポリエステル樹脂から選ばれる少なくとも1種の水酸基含有樹脂、
(C)溶解性パラメーターが8.8~10.1の範囲内である有機溶剤、及び
(D)水、
を含む水性塗料組成物であって、前記水性塗料組成物中の樹脂固形分100質量部を基準として、
前記ウレタン樹脂(A)の含有量が、60~85質量部の範囲内であり、
前記有機溶剤(C)の含有量が、5~30質量部の範囲内である、
水性塗料組成物。 - 前記ポリオール成分(a2)中の、前記ポリエーテルポリオール(a2-1)の前記ポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)に対する比が、ポリエーテルポリオール(a2-1)/ポリカーボネートポリオール(a2-2)の質量比で、80/20~30/70である、請求項1に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 前記有機溶剤(C)の溶解性パラメーターが、8.9~9.7の範囲内である、請求項1又は2に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- さらに、硬化剤(E)を含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 前記硬化剤(E)が、メラミン樹脂(E1)及びブロック化ポリイソシアネート化合物(E3)から選ばれる少なくとも1種である、請求項4に記載の水性塗料組成物。
- 工程(M1-1):被塗物上に、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物を塗装してチッピングプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-2):前記工程(M1-1)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜上に、水性中塗り塗料組成物を塗装して中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-3):前記工程(M1-2)で形成された中塗り塗膜上に、ベースコート塗料組成物を塗装してベースコート塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M1-4):前記工程(M1-3)で形成されたベースコート塗膜上に、クリヤーコート塗料組成物を塗装してクリヤーコート塗膜を形成する工程、ならびに
工程(M1-5):前記工程(M1-1)~(M1-4)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜、中塗り塗膜、ベースコート塗膜及びクリヤーコート塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を含む複層塗膜形成方法。 - 工程(M2-1):被塗物上に、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料組成物を塗装してチッピングプライマー塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-2):前記工程(M2-1)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜上に、水性中塗り塗料組成物を塗装して中塗り塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-3):前記工程(M2-1)及び(M2-2)で形成されたチッピングプライマー塗膜及び中塗り塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
工程(M2-4):前記工程(M2-3)で硬化された中塗り塗膜上に、ベースコート塗料組成物を塗装してベースコート塗膜を形成する工程、
工程(M2-5):前記工程(M2-4)で形成されたベースコート塗膜上に、クリヤーコート塗料組成物を塗装してクリヤーコート塗膜を形成する工程、ならびに
工程(M2-6):前記工程(M2-4)及び(M2-5)で形成されたベースコート塗膜及びクリヤーコート塗膜を一度に加熱硬化する工程、
を含む複層塗膜形成方法。
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WO2023120585A1 (ja) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-06-29 | 東洋紡株式会社 | ポリエステル樹脂水性分散体組成物 |
WO2023199973A1 (ja) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-10-19 | 東洋紡エムシー株式会社 | ポリエステル樹脂水性分散体、水性接着剤、水性塗料、水性インキおよびコーティング剤 |
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