JPWO2015105024A1 - 酸素固溶チタン素材、酸素固溶チタン粉末材料及び酸素固溶チタン粉末材料の製造方法 - Google Patents
酸素固溶チタン素材、酸素固溶チタン粉末材料及び酸素固溶チタン粉末材料の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
(a)チタン粉末とTiO2粒子とを準備する工程。
(b)混合粉末全体に対してTiO2粒子の添加量が質量基準で0.5%〜3.0%となるように調整してチタン粉末とTiO2粒子とを混合する工程。
(c)上記の混合物を、700℃からTiO2の融点未満の温度範囲で、かつ真空雰囲気中で焼結してTiO2粒子を熱分解させ、解離した酸素原子をチタン中に固溶させる工程。
(a)チタン粉末粒子からなるチタン粉末材料を、酸素を含む雰囲気中で加熱して上記チタン粉末粒子の表面にチタン酸化皮膜を形成する工程。
(b)上記チタン酸化皮膜を有するチタン粉末材料を、酸素を含まない雰囲気中で加熱して各チタン粉末粒子の表面に形成されたチタン酸化皮膜を分解し、その際に解離した酸素原子を各チタン粉末粒子のマトリクス中に固溶させる工程。
上記の特徴的な構成の作用効果または技術的意義については、以下の項目で説明する。
多数のチタン粉末粒子からなるチタン粉末材料を準備する。ここで「チタン粉末粒子」とは、純チタン粉末粒子またチタン合金粉末粒子のいずれであってもよい。各チタン粉末粒子は、大気中で自然に形成された酸化膜(自然酸化膜)を表面に有しているが、非常に薄い膜であるので、図1では自然酸化膜を図示していない。自然酸化膜の厚みは、0.1〜1μm程度である。
準備したチタン粉末材料を、酸素を含む雰囲気中で加熱して各チタン粉末粒子の表面にチタン酸化皮膜を形成する。チタン酸化皮膜の形成に資する熱処理は、好ましくは、チタン粉末材料をロータリーキルン式加熱炉内に収容して行う。加熱条件は、例えば、以下の通りである。
混合ガス流量:1L/min.
加熱温度:200℃
保持時間:30min.
回転数:20rpm.
表面にチタン酸化皮膜を有するチタン粉末材料を、酸素を含まない雰囲気中で加熱して各チタン粉末粒子の表面に形成されたチタン酸化皮膜を分解し、その際に解離した酸素原子を各チタン粉末粒子のマトリクス中に固溶させる。チタン酸化皮膜の分解に資する熱処理は、好ましくは、チタン粉末材料をロータリーキルン式加熱炉内に収容して行う。前述した酸化熱処理および固溶化熱処理を同一のロータリーキルン式加熱炉を用いて行ってもよい。加熱条件は、例えば、以下の通りである。
ガス流量:1L/min.
加熱温度:600℃
保持時間:30min.または60min.
回転数:20rpm.
酸化熱処理の時間を増大しても酸素固溶量は増加しない。その理由は、チタン粉末粒子表面に形成されるチタン酸化皮膜がバリアとなり、更なる酸化反応が進行しないからである。チタン粉末粒子のマトリクス中に固溶する酸素の量を増加するには、酸化熱処理時間を増やすのではなく、チタン酸化皮膜形成のための酸化熱処理、および引き続いてのチタン酸化皮膜分解のための固溶化熱処理を1サイクルとして複数回のサイクルを行うことが望ましい。
図2は、純チタン原料粉末に対して酸化熱処理および固溶化熱処理を行った場合のTiの回折ピークの変化を示す図である。図2から明らかなように、純チタン原料粉末に対して酸化熱処理を行うとTiの回折ピークが低角度側にシフトし、さらに固溶化熱処理を行うとTiの回折ピークが顕著に低角度側にシフトしていることが認められる。これらのピークのシフトは、Tiの素地(マトリクス)中に酸素原子が固溶したことを示すものである。酸化熱処理時には、多量の酸素原子がチタン酸化皮膜の形成に寄与し、僅かの酸素原子がTiの素地中に固溶する。固溶化熱処理時には、チタン酸化皮膜が分解し、多量の酸素原子がTiの素地中に固溶していることがわかる。
下記の条件の酸化熱処理および固溶化熱処理を1サイクルとし、このサイクルを4回繰り返して純チタン粉末中の酸素量および窒素量を測定した。使用した純チタン粉末は、平均粒子径が28μm、純度が95%を超えるものであった。
加熱雰囲気:10%O2+90%Ar混合ガス(流量:1L/min.)
加熱温度:200℃
保持時間:30min.
回転数:20rpm.
固溶化熱処理
加熱雰囲気:100%Arガス(流量:1L/min.)
加熱温度:600℃
保持時間:30min.
回転数:20rpm.
純チタン原料粉末に対して、酸化熱処理を行い、さらに固溶化熱処理を行って、マイクロビッカース硬さ(Hv)がどのように変化するかを測定した。測定した試料は、酸化熱処理および固溶化熱処理のサイクルを1回施したものであり、固溶化熱処理後の酸素含有量が1.18質量%になるものであった。
純Ti粉末(平均粒子径;28μm、純度>95%)を出発原料とし、下記に示す酸化熱処理および固溶化熱処理を1サイクルとし、これを最高4回まで繰り返して酸素固溶純Ti粉末を作製した。
雰囲気:10%O2+90%Ar混合ガス
温度:200℃
保持時間:15分
回転数:20rpm.
固溶化熱処理
雰囲気:100%Arガス
温度:600℃
保持時間:30分
回転数:20rpm.
酸化熱処理時の加熱温度の影響を調査した。これまでと同様の純Ti粉末を用いて、ロータリーキルン式熱処理炉に酸素+アルゴン混合ガス(10%O2+90%Ar/流量;1L/min.)を流入した状態でTi粉末50gを加熱温度100〜700℃に変化させてTi粉末を作製した。なお、酸化熱処理における各温度での保持時間はいずれも1hrとし、回転数を20rpm.とした。
固溶化熱処理時の加熱温度の影響を調査した。これまでと同様に純Ti粉末に対して、下記の条件の酸化熱処理を行った。
加熱温度:200℃
保持時間:30min.
回転数:20rpm.
(a)チタン粉末粒子からなるチタン粉末材料を、酸素を含む雰囲気中で、かつ160℃以上600℃未満の温度で加熱して上記チタン粉末粒子の表面にチタン酸化皮膜を形成する工程。
(b)上記チタン酸化皮膜を有するチタン粉末材料を、酸素を含まない雰囲気中で、かつ450℃以上で融点以下の温度で加熱して各チタン粉末粒子の表面に形成されたチタン酸化皮膜を分解し、その際に解離した酸素原子を各チタン粉末粒子のマトリクス中に固溶させる工程。
Claims (10)
- チタン粉末粒子からなるチタン粉末材料を、酸素を含む雰囲気中で加熱して前記粉末粒子の表面にチタン酸化皮膜を形成する工程と、
前記チタン酸化皮膜を有する前記チタン粉末材料を、酸素を含まない雰囲気中で加熱して前記各チタン粉末粒子の表面に形成されたチタン酸化皮膜を分解し、その際に解離した酸素原子を前記各チタン粉末粒子のマトリクス中に固溶させる工程と、を備える、酸素固溶チタン粉末材料の製造方法。 - 前記チタン酸化皮膜の形成および引き続いての前記チタン酸化皮膜の分解を1サイクルとして複数回のサイクルを行うことによって、前記各チタン粉末粒子のマトリクス中への酸素固溶量を増加する、請求項1に記載の酸素固溶チタン粉末材料の製造方法。
- 前記チタン酸化皮膜を形成するための加熱温度は、160℃以上600℃未満であり、
前記チタン酸化皮膜を分解するための加熱温度は、450℃以上で融点以下である、請求項1または2に記載の酸素固溶チタン粉末材料の製造方法。 - 前記チタン酸化皮膜の形成およびチタン酸化皮膜の分解に資する熱処理は、前記チタン粉末材料をロータリーキルン式加熱炉内に収容して行う、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の酸素固溶チタン粉末材料の製造方法。
- 請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の方法によって製造された酸素固溶チタン粉末材料であって、
前記各チタン粉末粒子は、大気中で自然に形成された酸化膜を表面に有しており、
前記各チタン粉末粒子のマトリクス中に固溶した酸素量は、前記自然形成酸化膜中の酸素量よりも多いことを特徴とする、酸素固溶チタン粉末材料。 - 前記各チタン粉末粒子の酸素含有量は、質量基準で、0.4%〜4.7%である、請求項5に記載の酸素固溶チタン粉末材料。
- 前記各チタン粉末粒子の酸素含有量は、質量基準で、1.15〜1.9%である、請求項6に記載の酸素固溶チタン粉末材料。
- 前記チタン粉末粒子は純チタンからなり、
前記チタン粉末粒子のマトリクスのマイクロビッカース硬さの平均値は、200〜600である、請求項5〜7のいずれかに記載の酸素固溶チタン粉末材料。 - 請求項5〜8のいずれかに記載の酸素固溶チタン粉末材料を用いて所定の形状に成形したチタン素材。
- 当該チタン素材は純Ti粉末押出材であり、
押出材全体に対する酸素含有量が1.2質量%以上であり、
破断伸びが18%以上である、請求項9に記載のチタン素材。
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WO2015105024A1 (ja) | 2015-07-16 |
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