JPWO2014200108A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス用多層中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜、合わせガラス用多層中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2014200108A1 JPWO2014200108A1 JP2014530983A JP2014530983A JPWO2014200108A1 JP WO2014200108 A1 JPWO2014200108 A1 JP WO2014200108A1 JP 2014530983 A JP2014530983 A JP 2014530983A JP 2014530983 A JP2014530983 A JP 2014530983A JP WO2014200108 A1 JPWO2014200108 A1 JP WO2014200108A1
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- Prior art keywords
- laminated glass
- resin layer
- interlayer film
- resin
- film
- Prior art date
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- 150000003573 thiols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- OXFUXNFMHFCELM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropan-2-yl phosphate Chemical compound CC(C)OP(=O)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C OXFUXNFMHFCELM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTLBZVNBAKMVDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOP(=O)(OCCOCCCC)OCCOCCCC WTLBZVNBAKMVDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris-decyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCC QQBLOZGVRHAYGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEXOFOFLXOCMDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritridecyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCCCCCC PEXOFOFLXOCMDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明に係る中間膜、及び、本発明に係る多層中間膜における第1の樹脂層及び第2の樹脂層に含まれる各成分の詳細を説明する。以下の説明では、第1の樹脂層及び第2の樹脂層を、中間膜と記載することがある。
上記中間膜、上記第1の樹脂層及び上記第2の樹脂層はそれぞれ、熱可塑性樹脂を含む。上記熱可塑性樹脂は特に限定されない。上記熱可塑性樹脂として、従来公知の熱可塑性樹脂を用いることが可能である。上記熱可塑性樹脂は1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
中間膜の接着力をより一層高める観点から、上記中間膜及び上記第1の樹脂層はそれぞれ、可塑剤を含む。中間膜の接着力をより一層高める観点からは、上記第2の樹脂層は、可塑剤を含むことが好ましい。
上記中間膜及び上記第1の樹脂層は、遷移元素を含む有機色素Xを含む。上記第2の樹脂層は、遷移元素を含む有機色素Xを含むことが好ましい。上記有機色素Xは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。上記有機色素Xに含まれる遷移元素は、1種のみであってもよく、2種以上であってもよい。
上記中間膜及び上記第1の樹脂層は、金属元素Yを含む。上記第2の樹脂層は、金属元素Yを含むことが好ましい。上記中間膜、上記第1の樹脂層又は上記第2の樹脂層が金属酸化物粒子を含む場合に、上記金属元素Yは、遮熱性能を有する金属酸化物粒子に含まれる金属元素とも異なる。これは、上記金属元素Yは、遮熱性能を有する金属酸化物粒子の一部ではないことを意味する。本発明に係る中間膜では、上記金属元素Yは、遮熱性能を有する金属酸化物粒子の一部として含まれているのではない。さらに、上記金属元素Yは、遷移元素と異なる。従って、上記金属元素Yは、有機色素Xに含まれる遷移元素と異なる。上記金属元素Yは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の樹脂層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の樹脂層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。紫外線遮蔽剤の使用により、中間膜及び合わせガラスが長期間使用されても、可視光線透過率がより一層低下し難くなる。上記紫外線遮蔽剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の樹脂層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の樹脂層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記酸化防止剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の樹脂層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の樹脂層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱粒子の使用により、赤外線(熱線)を効果的に遮断できる。上記遮熱粒子は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜、上記第1の樹脂層及び上記第2の樹脂層はそれぞれ、必要に応じて、光安定剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。これらの添加剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記赤外線反射層は赤外線を反射する。上記赤外線反射層は、赤外線を反射する性能を有していれば特に限定されない。上記赤外線反射層としては、金属箔付き樹脂フィルム、樹脂層上に金属層及び誘電層が形成された多層積層フィルム、グラファイトを含むフィルム、多層樹脂フィルム及び液晶フィルム等が挙げられる。これらのフィルムは、赤外線を反射する性能を有する。
本発明に係る中間膜の厚みは特に限定されない。実用面の観点、並びに遮熱性を充分に高める観点からは、中間膜の厚みは、好ましくは0.1mm以上、より好ましくは0.25mm以上、好ましくは3mm以下、より好ましくは1.5mm以下である。中間膜の厚みが上記下限以上であると、合わせガラスの耐貫通性が高くなる。
図3は、図1に示す合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの一例を模式的に示す断面図である。
本発明に係る多層中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの取り付け方法は、上述した合わせガラスを、建築物又は車両において外部空間と該外部空間から熱線が入射される内部空間との間の開口部に取り付ける方法である。
PVB1(n−ブチルアルデヒドによりアセタール化されているポリビニルブチラール樹脂、平均重合度1700、水酸基の含有率30.8モル%、アセチル化度0.7モル%、ブチラール化度68.5モル%)
PVB2(n−ブチルアルデヒドによりアセタール化されているポリビニルブチラール樹脂、平均重合度1700、水酸基の含有率30.5モル%、アセチル化度1モル%、ブチラール化度68.5モル%)
3GO(トリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルヘキサノエート)
SG−5A1257(フタロシアニン化合物、中心金属として銅を含む、住化カラー社製「BLUE SG−5A1257」、極大吸収波長715nm、波長620nmにも吸収波長ピーク有)
Mg塩(酢酸マグネシウム50重量%と2−エチル酪酸マグネシウム50重量%とを含むMg塩の混合物)
K塩(酢酸カリウム)
ITO(ITO粒子、錫ドープ酸化インジウム粒子)
CWO(CWO粒子、セシウムドープ酸化タングステン(Cs0.33WO3)粒子)
T−326(2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)
H−BHT(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−4−メチルフェノール、堺化学工業社製「H−BHT」)
BHT(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール)
なお、「Nano 80S」はポリエチレンテレフタレートを含み、780〜2100nmの範囲内の少なくとも1つの波長において、赤外線透過率が50%以下であった。また、「Nano 80S」は800〜1300nmの範囲の光線を反射した。
中間膜の作製:
可塑剤(3GO)40重量部に対して、有機色素X(SG−5A1257)0.0055重量部と、金属元素Yを含む化合物(Mg塩)を得られる中間膜中でMgが160ppmとなる量と混合し、可塑剤分散液を得た。
得られた中間膜を、縦30cm×横30cmの大きさに切断した。2枚のクリアガラス(縦30cm×横30cm×厚み2.5mm)の間に、得られた中間膜(厚み0.76mm)を挟み込み、真空ラミネータにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスして、積層体を得た。得られた積層体において、クリアガラスからはみ出た中間膜部分を切り落とし、合わせガラスを得た。
中間膜に含まれる配合成分の種類及び配合量を下記の表1に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、中間膜及び合わせガラスを得た。なお、CWOは可塑剤分散液を得る際に添加した。紫外線遮蔽剤及び酸化防止剤の種類及び配合量は、実施例1と同様にした。
中間膜の作製:
熱可塑性樹脂(PVB1)100重量部に対して、可塑剤(3GO)40重量部と、有機色素X(SG−5A1257)0.0028重量部(有機色素自体の含有量)と、金属元素Yを含む化合物(Mg塩の混合物)を得られる中間膜中でMgが160ppmとなる量と、紫外線遮蔽剤(T−326)0.2重量部と、酸化防止剤(H−BHT)0.2重量部とを添加し、ミキシングロールで充分に混練し、組成物を得た。
中間膜に含まれる配合成分の種類及び配合量を下記の表3に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例3と同様にして、中間膜及び合わせガラスを得た。なお、紫外線遮蔽剤及び酸化防止剤の種類及び配合量は、実施例3と同様にした。
第1の樹脂層(中間膜)の作製:
可塑剤(3GO)40重量部に対して、有機色素X(SG−5A1257)0.007重量部(有機色素自体の含有量)と、金属元素Yを含む化合物(Mg塩)を得られる中間膜中でMgが160ppmとなる量を混合し、可塑剤分散液を得た。
可塑剤(3GO)40重量部に対して、遮熱粒子(ITO)0.4重量部と、金属元素Yを含む化合物(Mg塩)を得られる中間膜中でMgが160ppmとなる量を混合し、可塑剤分散液を得た。
赤外線反射層として、Nano 80S(多層フィルム(多層樹脂フィルム)、3M、住友スリーエム社製「マルチレイヤー Nano 80S」)を用意した。厚みは76μmであった。
得られた多層中間膜を、縦30cm×横30cmの大きさに切断した。2枚のクリアガラス(縦30cm×横30cm×厚み2.5mm)の間に、得られた多層中間膜を挟み込み、真空ラミネータにて90℃で30分間保持し、真空プレスして、積層体を得た。得られた積層体において、クリアガラスからはみ出た多層中間膜部分を切り落とし、合わせガラスを得た。
第1の樹脂層及び第2の樹脂層に含まれる配合成分の種類及び配合量を下記の表5に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例6と同様にして、多層中間膜及び合わせガラスを得た。なお、紫外線遮蔽剤及び酸化防止剤の種類及び配合量は、実施例6と同様にした。
(1)有機色素の極大吸収波長の測定方法
クロロホルム100重量部に対して、有機色素0.002重量部(有機色素自体の含有量)を混合し、クロロホルム溶液を得た。得られたクロロホルム溶液を光路長1.0mmの分光光度計用石英セルへ入れた。自記分光光度計(日立製作所社製「U−4100」)を用いて、300〜2500nmでの透過率を測定し、極大吸収波長を求めた。測定値は、上記の材料の欄に記載した。
分光光度計(日立製作所社製「U−4100」)を用いて、合わせガラスの波長300〜2500nmでの透過率を測定し、JIS R3211(1998)に準拠して、380〜780nmでの可視光線透過率を算出した。
分光光度計(日立製作所社製「U−4100」)を用いて、合わせガラスの波長300〜2500nmでの透過率及び反射率を測定し、ISO 13837に準拠してTtsを測定した。
分光光度計(日立製作所社製「U4100」)を用いて、波長380〜2500nmでの透過率を測定し、JIS K7373に準拠して、初期YI値(黄色度、イエローインデックス)を算出した。
送風定温恒温器(ヤマト科学社製「DKM300」)を用いて、合わせガラスを100℃の条件下で、8週間保持した。8週間後の合わせガラスのYI値を、上記(4)合わせガラスのYI値と同様にして測定した。ΔYI値((100℃保持後のYI値)−(初期のYI値))を求めた。
ガラス/第1の樹脂層/赤外線反射層(多層樹脂フィルム)/第2の樹脂層/ガラスの積層構造を有する合わせガラスを水平方向に平行になるように設置した。次に、合わせガラスのガラス面の法線方向であり、かつ、合わせガラスのガラス面の中央部分から50cm離れた箇所Aから、合わせガラスを目視で観察した。箇所Aから合わせガラスの第1の樹脂層側を観察できるように合わせガラスを配置した。
○○:10人が色目を観察したところ、8人以上が色目の変化を認識できなかった
○:10人が色目を観察したところ、5人〜7人が色目の変化を認識できなかった
×:○○及び○の判定基準に相当しない
1a…外側の表面
2…第2の樹脂層
2a…外側の表面
3…赤外線反射層
3a…第1の表面
3b…第2の表面
11…多層中間膜
11A…中間膜(単層)
11a…第1の表面
11b…第2の表面
21…第1の合わせガラス部材
22…第2の合わせガラス部材
31…合わせガラス
31A…合わせガラス
Claims (23)
- 遷移元素を含む有機色素と、
遷移元素とは異なる金属元素と、
熱可塑性樹脂と、
可塑剤とを含む、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記金属元素が、多価金属元素である、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記金属元素の含有量が20ppm以上、200ppm以下である、請求項1又は2に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 遷移元素とは異なる前記金属元素が、マグネシウムであり、
遷移元素とは異なる前記金属元素が、酢酸マグネシウム又は2−エチル酪酸マグネシウムの添加により含まれている、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記遷移元素を含む有機色素における遷移元素が、銅又はバナジウムであり、
前記遷移元素を含む有機色素が、フタロシアニン化合物又はナフタロシアニン化合物である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 前記遷移元素を含む有機色素の極大吸収波長が550nm以上、750nm以下である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 金属酸化物粒子を含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記金属酸化物粒子が、錫ドープ酸化インジウム粒子又は酸化タングステン粒子である、請求項7に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂である、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 赤外線を反射する赤外線反射層と、
熱可塑性樹脂を含む第1の樹脂層とを備え、
前記赤外線反射層の第1の表面側に前記第1の樹脂層が配置されており、
前記第1の樹脂層が、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜である、合わせガラス用多層中間膜。 - 前記赤外線反射層が、780〜2100nmの範囲内の少なくとも1つの波長において、赤外線透過率が50%以下である性質を有する、請求項10に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。
- 前記赤外線反射層が、金属箔付き樹脂フィルム、樹脂層上に金属層及び誘電層が形成された多層積層フィルム、多層樹脂フィルム又は液晶フィルムである、請求項10又は11に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。
- 前記第1の樹脂層に含まる前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂である、請求項10〜12のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。
- 前記第1の樹脂層が可塑剤を含む、請求項10〜13のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。
- 前記第1の樹脂層が紫外線遮蔽剤を含む、請求項10〜14のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。
- 赤外線を反射する前記赤外線反射層と、
熱可塑性樹脂を含む前記第1の樹脂層と、
熱可塑性樹脂を含む第2の樹脂層とを備え、
前記赤外線反射層の前記第1の表面側に前記第1の樹脂層が配置されており、前記赤外線反射層の前記第1の表面とは反対の第2の表面側に前記第2の樹脂層が配置されており、
前記第1の樹脂層及び前記第2の樹脂層の内の少なくとも前記第1の樹脂層が、前記合わせガラス用中間膜である、請求項10〜15のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。 - 前記第1の樹脂層の波長780〜2100nmにおける赤外線透過率が、前記第2の樹脂層の波長780〜2100nmにおける赤外線透過率よりも高い、請求項16に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。
- 前記第1の樹脂層に含まれる前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂であり、
前記第2の樹脂層に含まれる前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂である、請求項16又は17記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。 - 前記第1の樹脂層に含まる前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂であり、
前記第2の樹脂層に含まる前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂である、請求項16〜18のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。 - 前記第1の樹脂層が可塑剤を含み、
前記第2の樹脂層が可塑剤を含む、請求項16〜19のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。 - 前記第1の樹脂層が紫外線遮蔽剤を含み、
前記第2の樹脂層が紫外線遮蔽剤を含む、請求項16〜20のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜。 - 第1の合わせガラス部材と、
第2の合わせガラス部材と、
請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜とを備え、
前記第1の合わせガラス部材と前記第2の合わせガラス部材との間に、前記合わせガラス用中間膜が配置されている、合わせガラス。 - 第1の合わせガラス部材と、
第2の合わせガラス部材と、
請求項10〜21のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用多層中間膜とを備え、
前記第1の合わせガラス部材と前記第2の合わせガラス部材との間に、前記合わせガラス用多層中間膜が配置されている、合わせガラス。
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KR20160020399A (ko) | 2016-02-23 |
CN105307997B (zh) | 2019-09-27 |
EP3009411A4 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
JPWO2014200107A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
JP2019108266A (ja) | 2019-07-04 |
US20160154153A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
EP3009412A4 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
KR20160020425A (ko) | 2016-02-23 |
EP3009412B1 (en) | 2020-11-11 |
JP2018123051A (ja) | 2018-08-09 |
US10442163B2 (en) | 2019-10-15 |
WO2014200107A1 (ja) | 2014-12-18 |
WO2014200108A1 (ja) | 2014-12-18 |
US10363721B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
MX2015016768A (es) | 2016-04-13 |
EP3009411B1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
JP6484033B2 (ja) | 2019-03-13 |
EP3009411A1 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
CN114507407A (zh) | 2022-05-17 |
JP6302409B2 (ja) | 2018-03-28 |
CN105307997A (zh) | 2016-02-03 |
US20160152007A1 (en) | 2016-06-02 |
CN104837786A (zh) | 2015-08-12 |
US20200031099A1 (en) | 2020-01-30 |
KR102252703B1 (ko) | 2021-05-17 |
KR102260103B1 (ko) | 2021-06-03 |
EP3009412A1 (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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