JPWO2012127811A1 - 鋼管の焼入方法 - Google Patents
鋼管の焼入方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2012127811A1 JPWO2012127811A1 JP2012520617A JP2012520617A JPWO2012127811A1 JP WO2012127811 A1 JPWO2012127811 A1 JP WO2012127811A1 JP 2012520617 A JP2012520617 A JP 2012520617A JP 2012520617 A JP2012520617 A JP 2012520617A JP WO2012127811 A1 JPWO2012127811 A1 JP WO2012127811A1
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 201
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 50
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 60
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 36
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 35
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 29
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 28
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 4
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000954 Medium-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007550 Rockwell hardness test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005279 austempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Abstract
Description
「%」:中・高炭素含有鋼、マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼等、対象物に含まれる各成分の質量百分率を表す。
「低合金鋼」:ここでは、合金成分の総量が5%以下の鋼をいう。
「中合金鋼」:ここでは、合金成分の総量が5%超10%以下の鋼をいう。
(1)鋼管を外面から水冷して焼入れる焼入方法であって、管端部を水冷することなく、前記管端部以外の部分の少なくとも一部を水冷することを特徴とする鋼管の焼入方法。
(a)鋼管全体を強い水焼入れでマルテンサイト変態停止温度(Mf点)以下まで冷却すると、高い確率で焼割れが発生する。
(b)焼割れ時の亀裂は、おおよそ鋼管の軸方向に伸展することから、割れを拡大する主な力は周方向の引張応力であると考えられる。
(c)前記の周方向の引張応力の発生源は、冷却過程で生じる肉厚方向における温度差(温度ムラ)により鋼管の外面側と内面側とでマルテンサイト変態のタイミングがずれるためであると考えられる。
(e)亀裂は、ほとんどの場合、鋼管端部を起点として伸展する。その理由は、自由表面を持つ端部の応力拡大係数が端部以外のそれに比べて大きいためと考えられる。
(f)水冷を行わず、冷却速度を抑制した場合は、高炭素含有低合金鋼およびCr系ステンレス鋼のいずれの場合においても焼割れは生じない。なお、高炭素含有低合金鋼においては、マルテンサイト化を抑制し、ベイナイト主体の組織とした場合は焼割れは生じない。
(g)水焼入れにおいて焼割れを生じやすい低合金鋼もしくは中合金鋼からなる鋼管であっても、鋼管の端部を水冷することなく、端部を除く部分で十分なマルテンサイト比率を確保できる冷却速度で水冷することとすれば、焼割れを生じさせずに安定的に水焼入できる。
(h)上記の水焼入れ方法を、マルテンサイト系ステンレス鋼からなる鋼管に適用した場合も、焼割れを生じることなく、高性能を確保できる。
4:ロール、 4a:上ロール、 4b:下ロール、
5:ノズル、 6:送気管、 7:水、 8:水槽、
9:気水ノズル、 10a:外面、 10b:内面
(1)鋼管を外面から水冷して焼入れる焼入方法であって、管端部を空冷して、前記管端部以外の部分の少なくとも一部を水冷することを特徴とする鋼管の焼入方法。
Claims (6)
- 鋼管を外面から水冷して焼入れる焼入方法であって、管端部を水冷することなく、前記管端部以外の部分の少なくとも一部を水冷することを特徴とする鋼管の焼入方法。
- 前記管端部以外の部分における軸方向の少なくとも一部において、全周にわたり直接水冷されない部分を設けることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の鋼管の焼入方法。
- 焼入過程の少なくとも一部において、水冷の実施と水冷の停止を間欠的に繰り返すことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の鋼管の焼入方法。
- 鋼管の外面を水冷するに当たり、鋼管の外面の温度がMs点より高い温度範囲において強水冷を行い、その後弱水冷または空冷に切り替えて外面を強制冷却し、Ms点以下に冷却することを特徴とする請求項1または請求項2に記載の鋼管の焼入方法。
- 前記鋼管が、質量%で、0.2〜1.2%のCを含有する鋼管であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項4の何れかに記載の鋼管の焼入方法。
- 前記鋼管が、質量%で、0.10〜0.30%のCおよび11〜18%のCrを含有するCr系ステンレス鋼管であることを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項4の何れかに記載の鋼管の焼入方法。
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JP2012520617A JP5252131B2 (ja) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-03-13 | 鋼管の焼入方法 |
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JP2011060726 | 2011-03-18 | ||
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PCT/JP2012/001708 WO2012127811A1 (ja) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-03-13 | 鋼管の焼入方法 |
JP2012520617A JP5252131B2 (ja) | 2011-03-18 | 2012-03-13 | 鋼管の焼入方法 |
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JP5252131B2 JP5252131B2 (ja) | 2013-07-31 |
JPWO2012127811A1 true JPWO2012127811A1 (ja) | 2014-07-24 |
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US (1) | US9546408B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2687612B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5252131B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20130135354A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN103443302B (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112013022381B1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX352402B (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2552801C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2012127811A1 (ja) |
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RU2552801C2 (ru) | 2015-06-10 |
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US9546408B2 (en) | 2017-01-17 |
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