JPS6214170B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPS6214170B2
JPS6214170B2 JP59067331A JP6733184A JPS6214170B2 JP S6214170 B2 JPS6214170 B2 JP S6214170B2 JP 59067331 A JP59067331 A JP 59067331A JP 6733184 A JP6733184 A JP 6733184A JP S6214170 B2 JPS6214170 B2 JP S6214170B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
terminated
added
formula
perfluoroalkylene
mixture
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP59067331A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS59191722A (ja
Inventor
Joseph Lamar Zollinger
Ronald Allen Mitsch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
3M Co
Original Assignee
Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US00070540A external-priority patent/US3810874A/en
Priority claimed from CA120,659A external-priority patent/CA960400A/en
Application filed by Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co filed Critical Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Co
Publication of JPS59191722A publication Critical patent/JPS59191722A/ja
Publication of JPS6214170B2 publication Critical patent/JPS6214170B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D263/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings
    • C07D263/52Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D263/62Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems having two or more ring systems containing condensed 1,3-oxazole rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C265/00Derivatives of isocyanic acid
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C309/00Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
    • C07C309/63Esters of sulfonic acids
    • C07C309/64Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C309/65Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D271/00Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D271/02Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
    • C07D271/101,3,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D303/00Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D303/02Compounds containing oxirane rings
    • C07D303/12Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms
    • C07D303/18Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms by etherified hydroxyl radicals
    • C07D303/20Ethers with hydroxy compounds containing no oxirane rings
    • C07D303/24Ethers with hydroxy compounds containing no oxirane rings with polyhydroxy compounds
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48Polyethers
    • C08G18/50Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/5003Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having halogens
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
    • C08G18/48Polyethers
    • C08G18/50Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen
    • C08G18/5003Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having halogens
    • C08G18/5015Polyethers having heteroatoms other than oxygen having halogens having fluorine atoms
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    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/70Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
    • C08G18/72Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
    • C08G18/77Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
    • C08G18/773Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur halogens
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    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/32Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08G65/329Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
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    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/32Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08G65/329Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds
    • C08G65/333Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing nitrogen
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    • C08G65/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G65/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
    • C08G65/32Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment
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    • C08G65/336Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing silicon
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    • C08G69/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain of the macromolecule
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    • C08G77/00Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/42Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences
    • C08G77/46Block-or graft-polymers containing polysiloxane sequences containing polyether sequences
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    • C10M3/00Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
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    • C10M2215/00Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)
  • Macromolecular Compounds Obtained By Forming Nitrogen-Containing Linkages In General (AREA)
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  • Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明はポリ(パーフルオロアルキレンオキサ
イド)の背骨を有するジエポキシドの製造方法に
関する。 航空工業において、密閉剤、ガスケツト、O−
リング、固体発射薬結合剤、等は低温度可撓性、
高温度安定性、耐溶媒性、および熱および酸化安
定性を持たなければならない。若干の上記性質を
示す最近の先行技術の物質が述べられているけれ
ども、今まで、上記要求事項を満足させかつさら
に望ましい低温度可撓性を有する重合体は提供さ
れていない。 本発明は、極めて低いガラス転移温度を有しか
つ低温度において可撓性であり、そして耐溶媒性
および良好な加水分解、熱および酸化安定性を有
する新規な重合体の製造のため極めて有用である
新規な二官能末端ポリ(パーフルオロアルキレン
オキサイド)の背骨を有するジエポキシドを提供
する。 本発明のジエポキシドは式 A−CF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF2−A′ (式中、AおよびA′は−CH2OH、−CH2OCH2CH
(OH)CH2OH、−CONHCH2CH2OHまたは−
CON(CH3)CH2CH2OH、であり、mおよびn
は各々不規則に分布されたパーフルオロエチレン
オキシおよびパーフルオロメチレンオキシ背骨反
復副単位の数を示し、しかも比率m/nは0.2/
1〜5/1である。)を有するヒドロキシ末端ポ
リパーフルオルアルキレンオキサイドをエピクロ
ルヒドリンまたはエピブロモヒドリンと反応させ
ることにより得られる。 本発明によるジエポキシド化合物は500ないし
20000またはより高い、好ましくは800ないし
15000の範囲の数平均分子量oを有し、熱安定
性、耐溶媒性のエラストマーの製造のためホモ重
合または共重合される。本発明のジエポキシド化
合物のガラス転移温度(Tg)は一般に−78℃よ
り低く、好ましくは−100℃より低く、そして−
125℃またはさらに低く、例えば−130℃でありう
る。これらの有利に低いガラス転移温度はまたこ
の化合物から造られた重合体の特性であり、そし
て化合物中の酸素/弗素含有率を増加させること
によりまたはポリ(パーフルオロアルキレンオキ
サイド)セグメントの長さを増加させることによ
りさらに下げることができる。 セグメント−末端基は通常かつ好ましくは−
CF2−であるけれども、−C2F4−、−C3F6−また
は類似のパーフルオロアルキレン基を含有するセ
グメントをつくることができ、それは−CF2−末
端セグメントと同一の性質を本質的に有する。 原料物質として用いられる線状ヒドロキシ−末
端ポリ(パーフルオロアルキレンオキサイド)は
それ自身新規な材料であり、またそれらは−78℃
より低い例外的に低いガラス転移点を有す。それ
らは、例えば、それらの公知のエステル−、カル
ボキシ−、またはアシルハライド−末端プレカー
サーの還元により、または上記エステル−または
アシルハライド−末端プレカーサーとアミレアル
コールとの反応(列えばイタリヤ特許第817809参
照)により製造することができる。ヒドロキシ−
末端プレポリマーは普通ヒドロキシ官能性2を有
す。このような官能性は、プレポリマーを通常化
学量論量以下で2・3−エポキシ−1−プロパノ
ールのようなヒドロキシ−含有エポキサイドと反
応させることにより例えば3まで増加させること
ができる。 たとえば−COOCH3末端先駆化合物をLiAlH4
で還元することにより−CH2OH末端ポリパーフ
ルオロアルキレンオキサイドを生成し、次いで
【式】と反応させると、− CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH末端化合物が得られ
る。アミノアルコールの例としてはエタノールア
ミンはプロパノールアミンがあり、この場合には
それぞれ−OCHNCH2CH2OH末端および−CON
(CH3)CH2CH2OH末端生成物が得られる。 線状ヒドロキシ−末端ポリ(パーフルオロアル
キレンオキサイド)の数平均分子量oは500ない
し10000好ましくは800ないし5000の範囲である。
こらのプレポリマーのガラス転移温度Tgは一般
に−78℃より低く、好ましくは−90℃より低く、
更に−125℃程度であることができ、プレポリマ
ー中の酸素対フツ素が高ければ高い程ガラス転移
点は低い。(重合体の“ガラス転移温度”はそれ
以上では重合体が軟らかくゴム状、即ち柔軟であ
り、それ以下では固いもろいガラスである温度で
ある;このような温度は一般に示差分析、DTA
または膨張係数の変化により測定される。)この
プレポリマーは一般に室温で透明で無色の液体で
あり、低い容積粘度(例えば27℃で125センチポ
イズ)を有し、その性質はこれらの材料を用いる
のに有利である。 一般に、ヒドロキシ−末端プレポリマーは異つ
た骨格または鎖長を有する化合物の混合物であ
る。 実施例 エポキシ末端ポリ(パーフルオロアルキレンオ
キサイド)の製造100mlのガラスフラスコに、式 HOCH2−CF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF2−CH2OH で示されるジカルビノール(o=1800)10g
(0.0055モル)と、1・1・2−トリクロロトリ
フルオロエタン25mlと、1・2−ジメトキシエタ
ン15mlと、ナトリウムハイドライド(鉱油中50
%)0.64g(0.013モル)とを入れた。この混合
物を1時間加熱還流した。この還流している混合
物に、1・2−ジメトキシエタン5ml中の1−ブ
ロモ−2・3−エポキシプロパン2.4gを5分間
にわたつて添加した。この混合物は透明になり始
めそして2時間の還流時間の間に、フラスコ壁上
に固体が形成し始めた。冷却した透明溶液を固体
から傾斜除去し、水で3回洗浄し、減圧下で濃縮
して淡黄色液体(n24 =1.3133)5g(収率約50
%)を得た。プロトン原子核磁気共鳴吸収ピーク
は次の通りである:8.2τ、6.4τ、7.0τ、7.4
τ。これらのデータは構造 (Rfpは−CF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)o(CF2
である)に一致する。このジエポキシサイドは、
8時間、約100℃で1−5%トリエチレンジアミ
ンまたは(CF3SO32znと共に加熱して重合させ
ると、低温ガスケツトに有用な耐溶媒性エラスト
マーが得られる。140℃で16時間、5%トリス−
ジメチルアミノメチルフエノールと等モル量の式 H2NCH2CF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF2CH2H2 で示されるジアミンと共にこのジエポキサイドを
加熱すると、低温密閉用物質として適する交サ結
合エラストマーが得られる。 参考例 1 ヒドロキシ末端ポリ(パーフルオロアルキレン
オキサイド)の製造 粉末のリチウムアルミニウムハイドライド
(1.9g、0.05モル)を、機械的撹拌機、硫酸カル
シウム乾燥用管を具備する還流コンデンサー、お
よびガス注入管の設けられている500mlの三ツ首
フラスコ中の乾燥ジエチルエーテル120mlに添加
し、混合物を乾燥窒素下で4時間撹拌した。式 CH3O2COF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF2CO2CH3 で示されるメチルジエステル(o=1800および
m/n=1.4/1)のエーテル溶液50mlを、緩慢
な還流を維持するに十分な速度でリチウムアルミ
ニウムハイドライドの撹拌溶液に添加した。すべ
てのエステルを添加した後、得られた混合物を一
夜にわたり加熱還流した。無水メチルアルコール
(20ml)を添加して過剰のハイドライドを分解
し、ついで稀硫酸(水100ml中の36NH2SO437
g)を添加した。水性相および有機相を分離し、
水性層をジエチルエーテルで4回抽出し、得られ
たエーテル部分と有機相とを混合し、硫酸カルシ
ウム上で乾燥した。硫酸カルシウムとエーテルと
を混合エーテル部分から除去して透明白色液体の
メチロール−末端ポリ(パーフルオロアルキレン
オキサイド)、 HOCH2−CF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF2−CH2OH を得た。この生成物は約18000のo、975±50の
ヒドロキシル当量および−107℃のTgを有するこ
とが判明した。 参考例 2 各末端基上に一個より多いヒドロキシル基を含
有する他のタイプのヒドロキシ−末端ポリ(パ
ーフルオロアルキレンオキサイド)の製造 500mlの丸底ガラスフラスコに、参考例1で得
られたメチロール末端ポリ(パーフルオロアルキ
レンオキサイド)化合物(o=2000、m/n=
0.6)105gを仕込んだ。この系を脱気し、N2で覆
い、次に、メタノール中のNaOCH3(4.85meq/
g)溶液5.25mlを磁気的に撹拌しながら注射器を
通じて添加した。この混合物を65℃に加熱しなが
ら、減圧下でメタノールを除去した。この系を再
びN2で覆い、45℃に冷却し、次いでグリシドー
ル1.85gを添加した。この混合物を11/2時間90
℃で撹拌した後、これを冷却し、
CF2ClCFCl2150mlで稀釈し、次いで10%水性
H2SO410mlで洗浄した。この溶液を乾燥し、ろ過
し、次いで濃縮した。0.8mmHgで95℃に最終的に
加熱した後、生成物を焼結ガラスろう斗を通じて
ろ過して微量の汚染物を除去した。式 HOCH2CF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF2CH2 −OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH を有する化合物の未反応原料ジオール中の50%溶
液である黄色透明生成物(98.5g、92.5%)を得
た。上記1:0.5の代りに、グリシドール対ジオ
ールのモル比を2:1にすることにより、完全に
二置換された生成物を得た。この生成物それ自体
は、ウレタンまたはポリエステル重合体のための
交サ結合剤として有用である。 参考例 3 エチロール置換アミド末端ポリ(パーフルオロ
アルキレンオキサイド)の製造 式 CH3O2CCF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF2CO2CH3 で示されるメチルジエステル化合物(o=1400
およびm/n=1.55)10.2gにエタノールアミン
0.9gを徐々に添加し、撹拌する。この混合物を
1時間撹拌した後に、赤外線スペクトルは、ジエ
ステル化合物が、エチロール置換アミド末端プレ
ポリマーに完全に変換されたことを示した。反応
混合物をジエチルエーテル125ml中に溶解し、各
回10mlの水で3回洗浄し、硫酸カルシウム上で乾
燥した。硫酸カルシウムおよびエーテルを除去す
ると赤外線スペクトルにより確認される構造 HOCH2CH2NHC(O)CF2O
(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)o −CF2CONHCH2CH2OH を有する淡黄色プレポリマー9.5gが得られた。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 1 式 A−CF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF2 −A′ (式中、AおよびAは−CH2OH、−CH2OCH2CH
    (OH)CH2OH、−CONHCH2CH2OHまたは−
    CON(CH3)CH2CH2OH、でありmおよびnは
    各々不規則に分布されたパーフルオロエチレンオ
    キシおよびパーフルオロメチレンオキシ背骨反復
    副単位の数を示し、しかも比率m/nは0.2/1
    〜5/1である。) を有するヒドロキシ末端ポリ(パーフルオロアル
    キレンオキサイド)をエピハロヒドリンと反応さ
    せることを特徴とする、式 −CF2O(CF2CF2O)n(CF2O)oCF− (式中mおよびnは上記のとおりである。) の背骨を有するジエポキシドの製造方法。
JP59067331A 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ジエポキシド化合物の製造方法 Granted JPS59191722A (ja)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US70540 1970-09-08
US00070540A US3810874A (en) 1969-03-10 1970-09-08 Polymers prepared from poly(perfluoro-alkylene oxide) compounds
US00108623A US3845051A (en) 1970-09-08 1971-01-21 Alpha,omega-di-s-triazinyl perfluoropolyoxa-alkanes
CA120,659A CA960400A (en) 1970-09-08 1971-08-16 Poly(perfluoroalkylene oxide) derivatives
CA120,658A CA960221A (en) 1970-09-08 1971-08-16 Dis-"alpha, omega-di-s-triazinyl perfluoropoly-oxaalkanes"
CA190,722A CA960222A (en) 1970-09-08 1974-01-21 Polyfunctional poly(perfluoroalkylene oxide) compounds

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59191722A JPS59191722A (ja) 1984-10-30
JPS6214170B2 true JPS6214170B2 (ja) 1987-04-01

Family

ID=27507950

Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59067335A Expired JPS6050823B2 (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ジヒドロキシ末端ポリパ−フルオロアルキレンオキサイドの製造方法
JP59067330A Granted JPS59191721A (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ジアクリレ−ト化合物の製造方法
JP59067331A Granted JPS59191722A (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ジエポキシド化合物の製造方法
JP59067333A Pending JPS59191723A (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ビス−トリアルコキシシラン化合物の製造方法
JP59067334A Granted JPS59191724A (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ビス−トリフルオロメタンスルホネ−ト化合物の製造方法

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59067335A Expired JPS6050823B2 (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ジヒドロキシ末端ポリパ−フルオロアルキレンオキサイドの製造方法
JP59067330A Granted JPS59191721A (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ジアクリレ−ト化合物の製造方法

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59067333A Pending JPS59191723A (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ビス−トリアルコキシシラン化合物の製造方法
JP59067334A Granted JPS59191724A (ja) 1970-09-08 1984-04-04 ビス−トリフルオロメタンスルホネ−ト化合物の製造方法

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US3845051A (ja)
JP (5) JPS6050823B2 (ja)
AU (2) AU462798B2 (ja)
BE (2) BE772308A (ja)
CA (2) CA960221A (ja)
DE (2) DE2145174C3 (ja)
FR (2) FR2116364B1 (ja)
GB (2) GB1373931A (ja)
NL (2) NL7111865A (ja)

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CN114957042A (zh) * 2022-07-01 2022-08-30 苏州莱克施德药业有限公司 一种2,2,2-三氟乙脒的合成工艺

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AU462798B2 (en) 1975-07-10
AU3317471A (en) 1973-03-15
BE772309A (fr) 1972-03-07
DE2145174A1 (de) 1972-03-23
CA960221A (en) 1974-12-31
FR2116364A1 (ja) 1972-07-13
JPS6214169B2 (ja) 1987-04-01
JPS6050823B2 (ja) 1985-11-11
AU3317671A (en) 1973-03-15
DE2145174B2 (de) 1978-10-05
FR2106375A1 (ja) 1972-05-05
JPS59191724A (ja) 1984-10-30
DE2145174C3 (de) 1979-05-31
GB1373931A (en) 1974-11-13
CA960222A (en) 1974-12-31
JPS59191721A (ja) 1984-10-30
US3845051A (en) 1974-10-29
JPS6214171B2 (ja) 1987-04-01
NL157596B (nl) 1978-08-15
DE2145176A1 (de) 1972-03-16
NL7111865A (ja) 1972-03-10
JPS59191722A (ja) 1984-10-30
GB1373932A (en) 1974-11-13
BE772308A (fr) 1972-03-07
AU469118B2 (en) 1976-02-05
FR2106375B1 (ja) 1976-04-30
DE2145176C2 (de) 1983-05-26
JPS59191725A (ja) 1984-10-30
NL7112315A (ja) 1972-03-10
FR2116364B1 (ja) 1976-08-20
JPS59191723A (ja) 1984-10-30

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