JPS604235B2 - 防火剤 - Google Patents

防火剤

Info

Publication number
JPS604235B2
JPS604235B2 JP50079491A JP7949175A JPS604235B2 JP S604235 B2 JPS604235 B2 JP S604235B2 JP 50079491 A JP50079491 A JP 50079491A JP 7949175 A JP7949175 A JP 7949175A JP S604235 B2 JPS604235 B2 JP S604235B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
inorganic
fire retardant
foaming
foam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP50079491A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JPS51116874A (en
Inventor
好 滝口
隆一 高橋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to JP50079491A priority Critical patent/JPS604235B2/ja
Priority to AU11652/76A priority patent/AU503793B2/en
Priority to DK92676A priority patent/DK92676A/da
Priority to CH273876A priority patent/CH625826A5/de
Priority to ES445766A priority patent/ES445766A1/es
Priority to ZA761320A priority patent/ZA761320B/xx
Priority to CA247,387A priority patent/CA1075096A/en
Priority to BE164870A priority patent/BE839203A/xx
Priority to SE7603014A priority patent/SE7603014L/xx
Priority to FR7606430A priority patent/FR2315489A1/fr
Priority to DE2609214A priority patent/DE2609214C3/de
Priority to FI760576A priority patent/FI760576A/fi
Priority to AT164076A priority patent/AT358827B/de
Priority to GB9033/76A priority patent/GB1544450A/en
Priority to NO760786A priority patent/NO145957C/no
Priority to AR262453A priority patent/AR208947A1/es
Priority to NL7602295A priority patent/NL7602295A/xx
Priority to DD191724A priority patent/DD127189A1/xx
Priority to IN399/CAL/76A priority patent/IN144420B/en
Priority to BR7601355A priority patent/BR7601355A/pt
Priority to PH18265A priority patent/PH12263A/en
Priority to US05/664,067 priority patent/US4107376A/en
Publication of JPS51116874A publication Critical patent/JPS51116874A/ja
Priority to US05/888,414 priority patent/US4172744A/en
Priority to SE7907937A priority patent/SE7907937L/sv
Priority to AT710979A priority patent/AT359289B/de
Priority to AT710879A priority patent/AT358828B/de
Priority to FI803150A priority patent/FI803150L/fi
Priority to NO813790A priority patent/NO813790L/no
Publication of JPS604235B2 publication Critical patent/JPS604235B2/ja
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1055—Coating or impregnating with inorganic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B13/00—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material
    • B32B13/04—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B13/12—Layered products comprising a a layer of water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material comprising such water setting substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/095—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyurethanes
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    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B21/08—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B9/002—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising natural stone or artificial stone
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    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
    • C08K3/016—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/12—Adsorbed ingredients, e.g. ingredients on carriers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C3/00—Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties
    • C09C3/06—Treatment with inorganic compounds
    • C09C3/063—Coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
    • C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/02—Cellular or porous
    • B32B2305/026—Porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/24—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
    • B32B2311/30—Iron, e.g. steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based
    • B32B2317/16—Wood, e.g. woodboard, fibreboard, woodchips
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B2318/04—Stone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
    • C01P2004/32—Spheres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/80—Particles consisting of a mixture of two or more inorganic phases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/2991—Coated
    • Y10T428/2998—Coated including synthetic resin or polymer

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は特殊な無機組成物を無機質多孔粒に半含浸、含
浸、充填した所謂防火剤に関する。
さらに詳しくは高温下において発泡する無機組成物等、
パーラィト粒等をそのままの状態で合成樹脂に添加する
と悪影響を受けるのでその影響を大幅に改善するように
なし、かつ大量にこの種物質を添加しうるようにした防
火剤に係る。従来、可燃な合成樹脂発泡体を内、外装材
等に使用する場合、特別な個所以外は何等かの雛燃化処
理を施していた。
例えば合成樹脂を鍵燃化する方法としてはホゥ酸、ケイ
酸ソーダおよびこれらの金属塩、あるいは炭酸カルシウ
ム、シリカ、シラス、アルミナ、／ゞーミキユライト、
シラス／ゞルーン、ガラスバルーンおよびパーラィト粒
を添加する方法が探られていた。しかしながら、上記方
法には下記する如き不都合があった。すなわち第１番目
としては吸油剤として用いられる如きパーラィト粒をそ
のままの状態で未発泡のポリウレタン樹脂原料に添加す
るとその多孔表面から直ちに吸油されるので合成樹脂発
泡体の発泡倍率がひどく低下する。すなわち、樹脂経済
が悪い。第２番目としてはパーラィト粒をそのまま、所
謂空隙内が空気で満された状態で重合反応の際発熱する
合成樹脂に添加すると、上記空気がパーラィト粒から押
し出されるので合成樹脂発泡体の発泡組織を荒らす。換
言すれば、発泡組織をひどく破壊するので発泡倍率が向
上するのに反し機械強度が低下する。第３番目としては
第１番目のため合成樹脂発泡体中に均一に分布すること
が困難である。第４番目としては、また脱水作用の強い
ィソシアネートをベースとする合成樹脂に結晶水を有す
る無機材を添加すると、大部分が脱水され、添加により
得られるべき合成樹脂発泡体の耐火性が低下すると共に
発泡時に重合反応の速度をひどく乱すので発泡体自体の
物性を悪くする。また結晶水を有する無機材は耐水性に
劣り、かつ耐候的にも経時変化しやすいので合成樹脂層
にこれらを添加していてもし、ミーの時にほとんど効果
（耐火性）を示さない。本発明はこのような欠点を除去
するため無機質多孔粒の空隙に特殊な無機組成物等を半
含浸、含浸、ローテング、充填などして無機質多孔粒の
表面物性を改質し、それによって防火剤が合成樹脂と良
好な状態で接触し、合成樹脂発泡体内に防火剤を均質に
分布し得ると共にィソシアネートをベースとする合成樹
脂内に結晶水を有すると共に高温下において無機発泡体
を形成する組成物等を大量に、かつ樹脂発泡組織への悪
影響を防止しうる防火剤を提供する。
以下に本発明に係る防火剤について詳細に説明すると、
まず概略的に説明すれば、特殊な無機組成物を無機質多
孔粒に半含浸、含浸充填等した防火剤、および特殊な無
機組成物に、加熱により発泡する無機材、発泡しない無
機材、ゲル状物、粘土鉱物等の一種以上を添加した防火
剤である。
さらに詳しく説明すると、本発明において使用する上記
無機質多孔粒（以下単に多孔粒と称す）としてはパーラ
イト粒、シリカゲル、シラスバルーン、バーミキュラィ
ト、あるいはこれらと同様の構造と物性を有する人造石
等である。なお上言己多孔粒においてパーラィト粒が最
適である。また上記多孔粒に含浸、半含浸、充填付着せ
しめる特な無機組成物としては、棚素化合物とアルカリ
と水とを混合して得られる一般式ＸＮａ２０、ｙＢ２０
３、ＺＨ２０で表わしたとき０．２５≦ｘ／ｙ≦１．５
０、０．８（ｘ十ｙ）≦ｚ≦５（ｘ＋ｙ）なる範囲の組
成物である。上記観月素化合物としては酸化棚素、オル
ト棚酸、メタ棚酸、ピロ棚酸、アルカリ棚酸塩等の無水
物または水化物等があり、アルカリとしてはか性ソーダ
、炭酸ソーダ等の無水物または水化物等を用いる。また
水は水化物の結晶水を用いるか水を特に添加する。この
場合、棚素化合物およびアルカリを混合して得られた塊
状物の純度が発泡膨脹および流動性にさほど影響を与え
ないことから例えば天然の採屈したままの粗原料をその
まま使用することもできる。また棚素化合物とアルカリ
に水を加えて混合するときは常温下で組成物を生成し、
また水化物を用いその結晶水を利用するときは約５０〜
９０００に加温して混合することによりこれが冷却した
ときに組成物を生成する。この組成物は一般式ＸＮａ２
０、ｙＢ２０３、ＺＨ２０で表わされる物質を主成分と
して居り、原料に含まれる不純物の他に原料と前記物質
との中間生成物、未反応の原料および結晶水以外の自由
水のいずれかまたは全部を含有しているものと考えられ
る。
例えば棚素化合物として棚砂を、またアルカリとしてか
性ソーダを使用した場合、これらを水と混合すると反応
熱によってゲル状を呈し冷却したとき塊状に硬化するも
のでＮａ２Ｂ４０７、１０日２０十がａＯＨ十班２０一
２ ｛Ｎａ２０、Ｂ２０３、細２０｝なる式で表わされ
る反応を行う。
もしこれが化学当量反応であれば、過剰の水の存在下で
上式の右辺はメタ棚酸ソーダ（ＮａＢ０２、４日２０）
であるが、配合比を変えることによって前記一般式で表
わされる如きメタ棚酸ソーダ、オルト棚酸ソーダ、ピロ
棚酸ソーダその他各種の棚酸ソーダおよび前述の中間生
成物等が混然一体化した組成物（塊状物とも言える）を
生成するのである。あるいは棚素化合物を結晶水または
特に添加した水の存在下で加温溶融し、これにアルカリ
を添加混合することにより組成物を生成する。次にアル
カリと水の量が組成物の発泡膨脹作用に及ぼす影響につ
いて説明する。
すなわち、アルカリは主に発泡膨脹の程度に関係があり
、化学当量以上に増量すると発泡膨脹の程度が減少する
反面発泡層は耐熱性に富み融点が高いという利点があり
、反対に減量すると化学当量使用の場合を最大にして発
泡膨脹の程度が減少すると共に融点が低下するという難
点があるので実際には化学当量の約１５％の重量の範囲
内で増減して使用するのがよい。
水は主に発泡膨脹の速度に関係があり増量すると蒸発熱
による温度上昇阻止作用が大きく発泡速度を低下する傾
向があり、従って反対に減量すると発泡膨脹が急速度で
行われるが、発泡膨脹の程度には殆んど無関係である。
また組成物に結晶水と自由水とが含有されている場合、
加熱初期に自由水が蒸発し、蒸発熱を奪って温度上昇を
妨害し、その後に結晶水が蒸発して発泡開始時刻を遅延
させ、温度上昇の妨害可能な限界を越えたときに発泡膨
脹が開始するに至るもので、その後も蒸発熱を奪うため
比較的緩徐に発泡が進行するものである。発泡膨脹は加
熱されたとき水の蒸発温度以下の所定温度に達したとき
一般式ＸＮａ２０、ｙＢ２０３で示される固形成分が結
晶水または自由水に溶解して軟化し、温度が上昇するに
従って軟化現象が防火剤の内層部に進行すると共に表層
部の既に軟化している部分の水分が蒸発してその部分の
水分を次第に減少させ、これがある水分に達し被膜形成
可能な粘土となったとき内層部から発生する水蒸気によ
って膨脹させられる現象によって行われるもので内層部
においてもそれより深部から発生する水蒸気による発泡
膨脹が行われ発泡層を形成するもので、その表面部分は
最終的に水分を含有しない固形部分のみによって形成さ
れる被膜で覆われる。
この発泡層を形成する被膜は水に易熔であるため、一旦
冷却して再度加熱され、内部あるいは外部から水蒸気が
供給されたときこの被膜が溶解軟化すると同時に再び発
泡膨脹させられるという反復性を有しており、水の供給
源が少くとも内部に存在する限りは発泡層を形成するの
である。これらの場合、水の量が多いと溶解軟化したと
きその流動性を増大すると共に温度上昇を抑制して発泡
開始時刻の遅延、発泡速度の低下をもたらすので防火剤
の熔解軟化した部分が順次流動して広範囲に拡がり発泡
層を形成するという利点がある。本発明においては先に
述べたように一般式ＸＮａ２０、ｙ＆０３、ＺＨ２０で
表わしたとき０．２５Ｓｘ／ｙ≦１．５０、０．８（ｘ
＋ｙ）≦５≦（ｘ＋ｙ）なる範囲の組成としたもので、
この範囲内にｘ／ｙを定めることによって発泡膨脹の程
度が比較的大きく、かつ耐熱性に比較的すぐれた発泡層
を形成する組成物が得られ、またこの範囲内にｚを定め
ることによって組成物が相分離しあるいは原料混合に支
障を来たすことなく作られ、かつ蒸発温度以下の温度で
固形成分を溶解軟化させることが可能な水を保有する組
成物が得られるのである。なお上記塊状物（組成物）を
前記多孔粒の空隙に含浸、充填等せしめる場合は、棚素
化合物、例えば棚砂を熔解し、それにか性ソーダを添加
混合し、混練した状態を１１０００程度に保温し、そこ
に多孔粒を添加、混合、燈拝した後に取り出し、冷却す
るとよい。この場合、蝿梓時間によって半含浸、含浸、
充填等と任意に設定できる。また本発明において、前記
組成物の製造過程あるいは組成物を溶融するときに加熱
により発泡する無機材、発泡しない無機材、ゲル状物、
粘土鉱物等の一種以上を添加した防火剤もある。
上記加熱により発泡する無機材としては、周知の棚酸塩
、ケイ酸塩、リン酸塩等の一種以上であり、具体的な一
例としては棚砂、メタ棚酸ソーダ、桂酸ソーダ、メタ桂
酸ソーダ、リン酸塩として第一塩、第二塩、正塩および
これらの水化物であれ。特に上記リン酸塩は発泡性を有
すると共に酸化棚素と協動して発泡膨脹した被膜の硝子
質化を助ける。さらに発泡しない無機材として多種ある
がほんの一部だけ例示すると水酸化アルミニウム、石コ
ウ、炭酸ソーダ、炭酸カルシウム、ケイ酸カルシウム、
重ソウ等である。またゲル状物としてはＰＶＡ、ＣＭＣ
、デンプン、ゼラチン等の一種以上、粘土鉱物としては
カオリンベンナィト等である。上記ゲル状物は前記した
無機組成物、無機材等の接着剤として作用すると共に水
の発生源の一因にもなる。
この水は発泡膨脹作用、温度上昇抑制作用、溶解軟化部
分の流動性に重要な関係がある他に、表面に流出した水
蒸気が火炎を遮蔽するという効果をもたらす。次に本発
明に係る防火剤の一実施例につき簡単に説明すると、棚
砂（１０ｋ塩）３８０重量部にか性ソーダ９の重量部と
水５の重量部を混在し、加熱しながら混合、濃伴した。
それにパーラィト粒、（粒径５肋）を５の重量部添加し
、混合、縄拝した後に自然冷却した。このように製造し
た防火剤は９６０℃以上の耐火性と前記した如き諸作用
を発揮した。実施例２としては実施例１に示した素原料
に石膏を２０重量部添加し、それを充填した場合である
。
この場合は発泡剤に含浸等してからの凝固時間が実施例
１に比し短時間であった。耐火性においては実施例１と
ほぼ同様であった。なお発泡性においては小々劣った。
実施例３としてはポリウレタン樹脂にフレオン等の発泡
剤、触媒、乳化剤、必要により難燃剤等を添加した樹脂
原料１００重量部に実施例１で製造した防火剤５の重量
部を混合し、それを基材上に吐出して加温加圧して厚さ
１仇肋の板体を製造した。そこでこれを都市ガスバーナ
による約９００ｏｏの直火炎で加熱したところ、火炎が
触れる部分を中′○として表面に発泡層が形成され、約
１０分間加熱しても熱変形、発煙、着火をも認められな
かった。さらにこれを詳説すると、防火剤が耐火性にお
いて前述の如くすぐれた特性を有しているため、これが
樹脂発泡層に混入し、万一の火災時に無機発泡層の形成
よって樹脂を保護し、結果的に内側に対する火災等の侵
入を防止するものである。

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 １ 硼素化合物とアルカリと水とを混合して得られる一
    般式ｘＮａ＿２Ｏ、ｙＢ＿２Ｏ＿３、ｚＨ＿２Ｏで表わ
    したとき０．２５≦ｘ／ｙ≦１．５、０．８（ｘ＋ｙ）
    ≦ｚ≦５（ｘ＋ｙ）なる範囲の無機組成物を無機質多孔
    粒空隙に含浸、半含浸、充填したことを特徴とする防火
    剤。 ２ 無機組成物に加熱により発泡する無機材、発泡しな
    い無機材、ゲル状物、粘土鉱物等の一種以上を添加した
    ことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項に記載の防火剤
    。
JP50079491A 1975-06-24 1975-06-24 防火剤 Expired JPS604235B2 (ja)

Priority Applications (28)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP50079491A JPS604235B2 (ja) 1975-06-24 1975-06-24 防火剤
AU11652/76A AU503793B2 (en) 1975-06-24 1976-03-04 Flame and heat resistant panels
DK92676A DK92676A (da) 1975-06-24 1976-03-04 Kornformede brandhemmende materialer og disses anvendelse
CH273876A CH625826A5 (ja) 1975-06-24 1976-03-04
ES445766A ES445766A1 (es) 1975-06-24 1976-03-04 Un metodo de fabricar estructuras compuestas protectoras frente al calor.
ZA761320A ZA761320B (en) 1975-06-24 1976-03-04 Heat and flame resistant composites and their application
CA247,387A CA1075096A (en) 1975-06-24 1976-03-04 Granulated fire retardant material
BE164870A BE839203A (fr) 1975-06-24 1976-03-04 Materiaux ignifugeants granules et leurs applications
SE7603014A SE7603014L (sv) 1975-06-24 1976-03-04 Flamskyddsmedel
AR262453A AR208947A1 (es) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05 Materiales granulares apropiados para formar estructuras resistentes a la propagacion de las ilamas y procedimiento para obtenerlos
DE2609214A DE2609214C3 (de) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05 Feuerhemmendes, wärmeisolierendes Zuschlagmaterial, sowie seine Verwendung
FI760576A FI760576A (ja) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05
AT164076A AT358827B (de) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05 Hitzeschuetzende zusammensetzung
GB9033/76A GB1544450A (en) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05 Flame and heat resistant panels
NO760786A NO145957C (no) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05 Flamme- og varmehemmende paneler
FR7606430A FR2315489A1 (fr) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05 Procede de fabrication de matieres de mauvaise inflammabilite, produits ainsi obtenus et leurs applications
NL7602295A NL7602295A (nl) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05 Werkwijze voor het bereiden voor een vlamvertra- gend composiermateriaal, deeltjes op basis van dit materiaal, werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van minder brandgevaarlijke voorwerpen op basis van harsen en zo verkregen voorwerpen.
DD191724A DD127189A1 (ja) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05
IN399/CAL/76A IN144420B (ja) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05
BR7601355A BR7601355A (pt) 1975-06-24 1976-03-05 Material de protecao;artigos moldados protegidos termicamente;particulas compostas de protecao termica;paineis de resina sintetica de protecao termica e retardamento de cham
PH18265A PH12263A (en) 1975-06-24 1976-03-26 Granulated fire-retardant material
US05/664,067 US4107376A (en) 1975-06-24 1976-05-27 Granulated fire retardant materials
US05/888,414 US4172744A (en) 1975-06-24 1978-03-20 Granulated fire-retardant materials and their applications
SE7907937A SE7907937L (sv) 1975-06-24 1979-09-25 Flamskyddsmedel
AT710979A AT359289B (de) 1975-06-24 1979-11-05 Flammhemmende und waermedaemmende platte
AT710879A AT358828B (de) 1975-06-24 1979-11-05 Hitzeschuetzende zusammensetzung
FI803150A FI803150L (fi) 1975-06-24 1980-10-03 Flam- och vaermeskyddande byggplatta
NO813790A NO813790L (no) 1975-06-24 1981-11-09 Laminater.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP50079491A JPS604235B2 (ja) 1975-06-24 1975-06-24 防火剤

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS51116874A JPS51116874A (en) 1976-10-14
JPS604235B2 true JPS604235B2 (ja) 1985-02-02

Family

ID=13691360

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP50079491A Expired JPS604235B2 (ja) 1975-06-24 1975-06-24 防火剤

Country Status (22)

Country Link
US (1) US4107376A (ja)
JP (1) JPS604235B2 (ja)
AR (1) AR208947A1 (ja)
AT (1) AT358827B (ja)
AU (1) AU503793B2 (ja)
BE (1) BE839203A (ja)
BR (1) BR7601355A (ja)
CA (1) CA1075096A (ja)
CH (1) CH625826A5 (ja)
DD (1) DD127189A1 (ja)
DE (1) DE2609214C3 (ja)
DK (1) DK92676A (ja)
ES (1) ES445766A1 (ja)
FI (1) FI760576A (ja)
FR (1) FR2315489A1 (ja)
GB (1) GB1544450A (ja)
IN (1) IN144420B (ja)
NL (1) NL7602295A (ja)
NO (2) NO145957C (ja)
PH (1) PH12263A (ja)
SE (2) SE7603014L (ja)
ZA (1) ZA761320B (ja)

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ATA164076A (de) 1980-02-15
AU503793B2 (en) 1979-09-20
SE7907937L (sv) 1979-09-25
PH12263A (en) 1978-12-12
SE7603014L (sv) 1976-12-25
NO760786L (ja) 1976-12-28
FR2315489A1 (fr) 1977-01-21
DK92676A (da) 1976-12-25
US4107376A (en) 1978-08-15
DE2609214A1 (de) 1977-01-20
AU1165276A (en) 1977-09-08
BE839203A (fr) 1976-07-01
BR7601355A (pt) 1977-05-10
FI760576A (ja) 1976-12-25
IN144420B (ja) 1978-05-06
AT358827B (de) 1980-10-10
GB1544450A (en) 1979-04-19
ES445766A1 (es) 1977-10-01
DE2609214B2 (de) 1979-06-28
JPS51116874A (en) 1976-10-14
NO145957B (no) 1982-03-22
FR2315489B1 (ja) 1982-04-09
DD127189A1 (ja) 1977-09-14
ZA761320B (en) 1977-03-30
CA1075096A (en) 1980-04-08
DE2609214C3 (de) 1980-02-28
NO145957C (no) 1982-06-30
NO813790L (no) 1976-12-28
AR208947A1 (es) 1977-03-15
CH625826A5 (ja) 1981-10-15
NL7602295A (nl) 1976-12-28

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