JPH08511503A - 吸熱反応装置および方法 - Google Patents
吸熱反応装置および方法Info
- Publication number
- JPH08511503A JPH08511503A JP7502171A JP50217195A JPH08511503A JP H08511503 A JPH08511503 A JP H08511503A JP 7502171 A JP7502171 A JP 7502171A JP 50217195 A JP50217195 A JP 50217195A JP H08511503 A JPH08511503 A JP H08511503A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- endothermic
- tube
- exothermic
- fluid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0242—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/025—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid flow within the bed being predominantly vertical in a cylindrical shaped bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/2425—Tubular reactors in parallel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/008—Details of the reactor or of the particulate material; Processes to increase or to retard the rate of reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0278—Feeding reactive fluids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/0285—Heating or cooling the reactor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/04—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds
- B01J8/0446—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical
- B01J8/0449—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds
- B01J8/0453—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds the fluid passing successively through two or more beds the flow within the beds being predominantly vertical in two or more cylindrical beds the beds being superimposed one above the other
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
- B01J8/062—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes being installed in a furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/384—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts the catalyst being continuously externally heated
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00106—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange
- B01J2208/00168—Controlling the temperature by indirect heat exchange with heat exchange elements outside the bed of solid particles
- B01J2208/00203—Coils
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00389—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements
- B01J2208/00407—Controlling the temperature using electric heating or cooling elements outside the reactor bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00477—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
- B01J2208/00495—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00504—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00017—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2208/00513—Controlling the temperature using inert heat absorbing solids in the bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00008—Controlling the process
- B01J2208/00716—Means for reactor start-up
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00157—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0205—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step
- C01B2203/0227—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step
- C01B2203/0233—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a reforming step containing a catalytic reforming step the reforming step being a steam reforming step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
- C01B2203/0277—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a catalytic decomposition step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0283—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a CO-shift step, i.e. a water gas shift step
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/061—Methanol production
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/062—Hydrocarbon production, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
- C01B2203/068—Ammonia synthesis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0816—Heating by flames
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0811—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0822—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combustion of fuel the fuel containing hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0838—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel
- C01B2203/0844—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by heat exchange with exothermic reactions, other than by combustion of fuel the non-combustive exothermic reaction being another reforming reaction as defined in groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/0294
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/085—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by electric heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0805—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0866—Methods of heating the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas by combination of different heating methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/08—Methods of heating or cooling
- C01B2203/0872—Methods of cooling
- C01B2203/0883—Methods of cooling by indirect heat exchange
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1005—Arrangement or shape of catalyst
- C01B2203/1011—Packed bed of catalytic structures, e.g. particles, packing elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
- C01B2203/1052—Nickel or cobalt catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1076—Copper or zinc-based catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1082—Composition of support materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/12—Feeding the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1205—Composition of the feed
- C01B2203/1211—Organic compounds or organic mixtures used in the process for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/1235—Hydrocarbons
- C01B2203/1241—Natural gas or methane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/16—Controlling the process
- C01B2203/1604—Starting up the process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/80—Aspect of integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas not covered by groups C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/1695
- C01B2203/82—Several process steps of C01B2203/02 - C01B2203/08 integrated into a single apparatus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. 吸熱反応を行う吸熱反応装置において、この装置は、 容器(11)と、前記容器は吸熱反応を受けて反応体を吸熱生成物に変え させる吸熱反応体用の入口接続口(39)、吸熱生成物用の出口接続口(51) 、及び発熱反応室(81)を含み、 前記入口接続口と出口接続口の間に流路を与える少なくとも一つの反応管 (28)と、前記反応管は前記発熱反応室(81)を通って延在しており、 第一及び第二発熱反応流体を前記発熱反応室内で発熱的に反応させかつ発 熱反応室の上流端部から下流端部へ進む方向に発熱反応生成物の流れを与える前 記発熱反応室(81)へ別々に供給する第一及び第二供給部と、前記第一供給部 は前記第一流体を前記発熱反応室中に室を横切って実質的に均一な速度分布を与 えるような方法で発熱反応室の前記上流端部に導入する第一流体出口手段(68 )を備え、かつ前記第二供給部は前記第二流体を前記発熱反応室中に前記第一流 体出口手段の下流にかつ前記一つの反応管に隣接するがしかしながら前記一つの 反応管から横に偏よる複数の分離した位置に導入する第二流体出口手段(90) を含み、これにより前記一つの反応管を加熱して吸熱反応体が反応管を通って流 れる時に吸熱反応体が吸熱的に吸熱反応生成物へ転化するのを支持するために、 前記第二流体出口手段から出る前記第二流体は前記第一流体と合同して一体とな って前記第二流体出口の下流で前記一つの反応管の周りに高温火炎を生成しかつ 前記一つの反応管の周りにかつこれに沿って流れる高温発熱反応生成物を生成す るものである これらの諸要素からなることを特徴とする吸熱反応装置。 2. 前記第一流体出口手段が前記一つの反応管から横に延在しかつ前記第一流 体が前記発熱反応室の上流端部中に流れる複数の開口(80)を有する流れ配分 部材(68)を含む請求項1記載の吸熱反応装置。 3. 前記第一供給部が前記発熱反応室に向かい合う前記配分部材の側面に第一 流体プレナム室(71)を含む請求項2記載の吸熱反応装置。 4. 前記第二流体出口手段が前記配分部材(68)から前記一つの反応管(2 8)に一般的に平行かつこれから横に偏っている前記発熱反応室中に突き出てい る複数のノズル管(90)を含む請求項3記載の吸熱反応装置。 5. 前記第二供給部が第二流体プレナム室(70)を含み、これに前記複数の ノズル管が結合されており、前記第二流体プレナムは前記発熱反応室に向かい合 う前記第一流体プレナム(71)の側面にある請求項4記載の吸熱反応装置。 6. 前記一つの反応管(28)が前記発熱反応室の下流で吸熱反応生成物の流 れの前記出口接続口への方向に配置される下流部分を有し、前記第一供給部が前 記一つの反応管の前記下流部分が共に延在する第一供給管(65)を含み、前記 第一供給管と前記一つの反応管がそれらの間に前記一つの反応管の前記下流部分 と共に熱交換関係をなして第一流体流路(76)を形成し、かつ前記第一流体流 路が第一流体プレナム(71)に結合される請求項5記載の吸熱反応装置。 7. 前記第二供給部が第二供給管(86)を含み、それを通って前記第一供給 管(65)が共に延在しかつ前記第一及び第二供給管がそれらの間に前記第一流 体流路と前記一つの反応管の前記下流部分と共に熱交換関係をなして第二流体流 路(88)を形成し、かつ前記第二流体流路が第二流体プレナム(70)に結合 される請求項6記載の吸熱反応装置。 8. 前記発熱反応生成物から前記反応管の前記上流部分を通って流れる吸熱反 応体を加熱するための前記反応管の上流部分への伝熱を高めるために前記発熱反 応室を通る発熱反応生成物の速度より実質的に大きな速度で前記発熱反応室から 出る発熱反応生成物を前記一つの反応管(28)の上流部分の周りにかつそれに 沿って流れさせる手段を含み、前記手段は前記一つの反応管の上流部分が共に延 在する排出管(94)を含み、前記排出管と前記一つの反応管の上流部分がそれ らの間に発熱反応生成物用の排出流路(104)を形成し、かつ前記排出管は前 記排出管中に入る発熱反応生成物の流速の漸増を与えることにより前記反応管と 前記排出管中の前記排出管の入口端部とにおける過剰の局部加熱集中を避けるべ く配置された入口端部部分(105)を有する請求項1記載の吸熱反応装置。 9. 前記排出管の前記入口部分(105)が半径方向外方向にフレアにされる ことにより前記フレアにされた入口部分を通る発熱反応生成物の流速の漸増を与 える請求項8記載の吸熱反応装置。 10. 前記第二流体出口手段が前記一つの反応管(28)に一般的に平行かつ これから横に偏って前記発熱反応室中に突出する複数のノズル管(90)を含む 請求項1記載の吸熱反応装置。 11. 前記第二供給部が前記複数のノズル管(90)が結合される第二流体プ レナム室(70)を含む請求項10記載の吸熱反応装置。 12. 前記一つの反応管が前記発熱反応室の下流で前記出口接続口への吸熱反 応生成物の流れの方向に配置される下流部分を有し、前記第一供給部は前記一つ の反応管の前記下流部分が共に延在する第一供給管(65)を含み、前記第一供 給管と前記一つの反応管はこれらの間に前記一つの反応管の前記下流部分と熱交 換関係をなして第一流体流路(76)を形成し、前記第二供給部はこれを通って 前記第一供給管が共に延在する第二供給管(86)を含み、かつ前記第一及び第 二供給管はこれらの間に前記第一流体流路と前記一つの反応管の前記下流部分と 熱交換関係をなして第二流体流路(88)を形成する請求項10記載の吸熱反応 装置。 13. 前記一つの反応管の中に含まれる吸熱反応触媒(108)を含む請求項 1記載の吸熱反応装置。 14. 前記容器が前記入口接続口(39)に結合する入口マニホールド(38 )と前記出口接続口(51)に結合する出口マニホールド(49)を含み、前記 少なくとも一つの反応管(28)は前記入口及び出口マニホールドの間に各々の 流路を付与する複数の反応管(28)を含み、前記反応管は横に間隙をおいて隔 離された関係をなして前記発熱反応室(81)を通って延在する請求項1記載の 吸熱反応装置。 15. 前記第二流体出口手段が前記第二流体を前記第一流体出口手段の下流で 前記発熱反応室中に導入するための前記反応管(28)の間に配置される複数の ノズル管(90)を含む請求項14記載の吸熱反応装置。 16. 前記ノズル管(90)が前記複数の反応管(28)の間に実質的に均一 に配置される請求項15記載の吸熱反応装置。 17. ノズル管(90)が前記反応管(28)に実質的に平行方向に出る第二 流体を導くよう適応される出口端部を有する請求項15記載の吸熱反応装置。 18. 前記第一出口手段が流体配分部材(68)を前記発熱反応室(81)の 上流端部に含み、前記流体配分部材は前記第一流体を前記発熱反応室中に前記ノ ズル管(90)の出口端部の上流位置で受け入れるために前記反応管(28)の 間に置かれる複数の排出開口(90)を有する請求項15記載の吸熱反応装置。 19. 前記反応管(28)が前記発熱反応室の下流に前記反応管を通る吸熱反 応体と生成物の流れ方向に配置される下流部分を有し、前記第一及び第二供給部 は前記反応管の前記下流部分が共に延在する複数の供給管(65,86)を含み 、前記供給管と前記反応管の下流部分はそれらの間に前記反応管の前記下流部分 と熱交換関係をなして前記第一及び第二流体用の各々の流路(76,88)を形 成する請求項15記載の吸熱反応装置。 20. 前記反応管(28)の各々が前記発熱反応室の下流に前記反応管を通る 吸熱反応体と生成物の流れ方向に配置される下流部分を有し、かつ前記反応管の 各一つは前記反応管の前記下流部分が縦方向に延在しかつ内管と内部流路(76 )を形成する前記内管(65)を含む一組の供給管(65,86)、及び前記内 管が縦方向に延在しかつ外管と外流路(88)を形成する前記外管(86)と結 合しており、これにより前記内及び外流路は前記反応管の前記下流部分と熱交換 関係にある請求項15記載の吸熱反応装置。 21. 複数の前記内流路(76)が前記流体プレナム(71)に共通に結合さ れる出口端部を有しかつ複数の前記外流路(88)が第二流体プレナム(70) に共通に結合される出口端部を有する請求項20記載の吸熱反応装置。 22. 前記第一流体出口手段が前記発熱反応室(81)の上流端部に流体配分 部材(68)を含み、前記流体配分部材は前記第一プレナム(71)の一つの端 部を形成しかつ前記ノズル管(90)の出口端部の上流位置で前記発熱反応室中 に前記第一流体を受け入れる前記反応管(28)の間に置かれる複数の排出開口 (80)を有する配分板(68)を含み、かつ前記ノズル管(90)は前記第二 流体プレナム(70)に対する結合用の前記配分板(68)を通って延在する請 求項21記載の吸熱反応装置。 23. 少なくとも複数の前記ノズル管(90)が流れ制限オリフィス(91) と結合させられている請求項15記載の吸熱反応装置。 24. 前記第一流体出口手段が前記発熱反応室(81)の上流端部で流れ配分 部材(68)を含み、前記流れ配分部材は前記ノズル管(90)の出口端部の上 流位置で前記発熱反応室中に前記第一流体を受け入れる前記反応管(28)の間 に置かれる複数の排出開口(80)を有する請求項14記載の吸熱反応装置。 25. 前記反応管(28)が前記反応管を通る反応体と生成物の流れ方向にお いて前記発熱反応室の下流に配置される下流端部部分を有し、かつ前記第一及び 第二供給部は前記反応管の前記下流部分が共に延在する複数の供給管(65,8 6)を含み、前記供給管前記反応管の下流部分はそれらの間に前記供給管前記反 応管の下流部分と熱交換関係をなして前記第一及び第二流体用の各々の流路(7 6,88)を形成する請求項24記載の吸熱反応装置。 26. 吸熱反応を行う吸熱反応装置において、この装置は、 容器(11)と、前記容器は、吸熱反応を受けて反応体を吸熱生成物に変 えさせる吸熱反応体用の入口接続口(39)、吸熱生成物用の出口接続口(51 )、及び上流端部と下流端部を有する発熱反応室(81)を含み、 前記入口接続口と出口接続口の間に流路を与える少なくとも一つの反応管 (28)と、前記反応管は前記反応室を通って延在しており、 前記発熱反応室の上流端部の熱発生手段と、前記熱発生手段は吸熱反応体 が前記反応管を通って流れる時に、前記上流端部から前記発熱反応室の前記下流 端部へ進む方向にかつ前記一つの反応管を加熱することにより吸熱反応体の吸熱 反応生成物への吸熱的の転化を支持する前記一つの反応管の周りにかつそれに沿 って流れる発熱反応生成物と共に第一と第二発熱反応流体からの高温発熱反応生 成物を生成し、 手段と、前記手段は前記発熱反応生成物から前記反応管の前記上流部分を 通って流れる吸熱反応体を加熱するために前記発熱反応生成物から前記反応管の 上流部分への伝熱を高めるために前記発熱反応室を通る発熱反応生成物の速度よ り実質的に大きな速度で前記発熱反応室から出る発熱反応生成物を前記一つの反 応管(28)の上流部分の周りにかつそれに沿って流れさせる排出管を含み、前 記手段は前記排出管と前記一つの反応管の上流部分が共に延在する排出管(94 )を含み、前記排出管と前記一つの反応管の上流部分がそれらの間に発熱反応生 成 物用の排出流路(104)を形成し、かつ前記排出管は前記排出管中に入る発熱 反応生成物の流速の漸増を与えることにより前記反応管と前記排出管中において 前記排出管の入口端部とにおける過剰の局部加熱集中を避けるべく配置された入 口端部部分(105)を有する これらの諸要素からなることを特徴とする吸熱反応装置。 27. 前記反応管の前記入口部分(105)が半径方向外側にフレアにされる ことにより前記フレアにされた入口部分を通る発熱反応生成物の流速の漸増を付 与する請求項26記載の吸熱反応装置。 28. 吸熱反応を行う吸熱反応装置において、前記装置は、 軸線(29)を有する容器(11)と、前記容器は吸熱反応体が吸熱反応 を受けて反応体を吸熱反応生成物に転化するための入口マニホールド(38)と 吸熱反応生成物用の出口マニホールド(49)を含み、 一束の縦軸方向に延在する反応管(28)と、前記反応管は前記入口マニ ホールドと出口マニホールドの間に流路を与え、かつ前記反応管は横に間隔をあ けて隔離されかつ前記容器中に発熱反応室を通って延在し、前記反応管は両端で 夫々の管シート部(32,40)に結合され、及び 発熱反応手段と、前記手段は前記反応管を加熱することにより吸熱反応体 が反応管を通って流れる時に吸熱反応生成物への吸熱反応体の吸熱的の転化を支 持し、 これらの諸要素からなり、 ここで前記入口マニホールドと出口マニホールドは前記一束の反応管の集 団的膨張と収縮を許す相対的縦移動のために前記容器中に配置され、かつ各々個 々の管は伸縮継手(33)により一端を前記管シート部の一つに結合されて前記 一束の反応管の集団的膨張と収縮に関して各個々の管の膨張と収縮に順応するこ とを特徴とする吸熱反応装置。 29. 前記伸縮継手(33)が金属ベローズである請求項28記載の吸熱反応 装置。 30. 前記容器が吸熱反応体用の入口接続口(39)と吸熱反応生成物用の出 口接続口(51)を有し、かつ前記入口接続口及び出口接続口の一つが金属ベロ ーズ(52)により前記入口マニホールド及び出口マニホールドの各々の一つに 結合される請求項29記載の吸熱反応装置。 31. 前記容器が吸熱反応体用の入口接続口(39)と吸熱反応生成物用の出 口接続口(51)を有し、かつ前記入口接続口及び出口接続口の一つが第一金属 ベローズ(52)により前記入口マニホールド及び出口マニホールドの各々の一 つに結合され、かつ各々の前記反応管用の前記伸縮継手が前記第一金属ベローズ の膨張/収縮範囲より実質的に未満の膨張/収縮範囲を有する第二金属ベローズ (33)を含む請求項28記載の吸熱反応装置。 32. 各反応管用の前記第二金属ベローズ(33)と第一金属ベローズ(52 )が前記容器の両端にある請求項31記載の吸熱反応装置。 33. 吸熱反応体が2つの流体の発熱反応により加熱されることにより反応体 を吸熱的生成物に転化する吸熱反応装置中で吸熱反応を実施する方法において、 前記方法は、 反応体を反応体が吸熱反応を受けることになっている少なくとも一つの反 応管を通って流れさせ、前記反応管は発熱反応体室を通って延在しており、 第一及び第二発熱反応流体を前記発熱反応流路に前記発熱反応室内で前記 発熱反応室の上流端部から下流端部に進む方向に流れる発熱反応生成物と反応さ せるために別々に供給し、前記第一流体は室を横切って実質的に均一な速度分布 を与えるような方法で発熱反応室の前記上流端部において前記発熱反応室中に導 入され、かつ前記第二流体は前記第一流体の下流においてかつ前記反応管から横 に偏る複数の別個の位置において前記発熱反応室中に導入され、これにより反応 管を加熱して吸熱反応体が反応管を通って流れる時に吸熱生成物へ吸熱反応体の 吸熱的転化を支持するために前記第一流体は前記第二流体と反応して前記反応管 の周りに高温火炎を生成しかつ前記反応管の周りにかつこれに沿って流れる高温 発熱反応生成物を生成することを特徴とする方法。 34. 吸熱反応体が2つの流体の発熱反応により加熱されることにより反応体 を吸熱生成物に転化する吸熱反応装置中で吸熱反応を実施する方法において、前 記方法は、 吸熱反応体を反応体が吸熱反応を受けることになっている少なくとも一つ の反応管(28)を通って流れさせ、前記反応管は発熱反応体室(81)を通っ て延在しており、 高温発熱反応生成物を吸熱反応体が反応管を通って流れる時に吸熱生成物 へ吸熱反応体の吸熱的転化を支持するために前記発熱反応室の上流端部から下流 端部へ進む方向にかつ反応管を加熱するための反応管の周りに流れさせ、かつ 発熱反応室から出る発熱反応生成物を反応管の上流部分を取り囲みかつこれ に沿って延在する環状の排出流路(104)を通って発熱反応室を通る発熱反応 生成物の速度よりも実質的に大きな速度で流れさせて前記発熱反応生成物から反 応管の上流部分を通って流れる吸熱反応体を加熱するための反応管の上流部分へ の伝熱を高め、前記段階は環状の流路の入口部分の上の流れ速度を連続的に増加 して環状の流路の入口端部において反応管中に過剰の加熱集中を避けることを含 むことを特徴とする方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/078,748 US5567398A (en) | 1990-04-03 | 1993-06-16 | Endothermic reaction apparatus and method |
US08/078,748 | 1993-06-16 | ||
PCT/US1994/006686 WO1994029013A1 (en) | 1993-06-16 | 1994-06-14 | Endothermic reaction apparatus and method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH08511503A true JPH08511503A (ja) | 1996-12-03 |
JP3583780B2 JP3583780B2 (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
Family
ID=22145986
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP50217195A Expired - Lifetime JP3583780B2 (ja) | 1993-06-16 | 1994-06-14 | 吸熱反応装置および方法 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5567398A (ja) |
EP (2) | EP0895806B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3583780B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100323275B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1091643C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU699464B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2165449C (ja) |
CZ (1) | CZ292204B6 (ja) |
DE (2) | DE69432233T2 (ja) |
DK (2) | DK0703823T3 (ja) |
FI (1) | FI119624B (ja) |
MX (1) | MX9404530A (ja) |
MY (1) | MY138879A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO308725B1 (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ267919A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2136360C1 (ja) |
SA (1) | SA94150129B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1994029013A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA944027B (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010524811A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-07-22 | イエフペ | 複数の多孔性バーナを用いたコンパクトな交換器−反応器 |
Families Citing this family (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6153152A (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 2000-11-28 | The Standard Oil Company | Endothermic reaction apparatus and method |
US6096106A (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 2000-08-01 | The Standard Oil Company | Endothermic reaction apparatus |
NL1000146C2 (nl) * | 1995-04-13 | 1996-10-15 | Gastec Nv | Werkwijze voor het uitvoeren van een chemische reactie. |
US6793899B2 (en) * | 1998-10-29 | 2004-09-21 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Plasmatron-catalyst system |
EP0849245A1 (en) | 1996-12-20 | 1998-06-24 | Kvaerner Process Technology Limited | Process and plant for the production of methanol |
US6296686B1 (en) | 1998-06-03 | 2001-10-02 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Ceramic membrane for endothermic reactions |
US6139810A (en) * | 1998-06-03 | 2000-10-31 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Tube and shell reactor with oxygen selective ion transport ceramic reaction tubes |
PL190848B1 (pl) * | 1998-07-08 | 2006-02-28 | Toyota Motor Co Ltd | Urządzenie do reformowania paliwa |
US6296814B1 (en) * | 1998-11-10 | 2001-10-02 | International Fuel Cells, L.L.C. | Hydrocarbon fuel gas reformer assembly for a fuel cell power plant |
JP2001009264A (ja) * | 1999-04-26 | 2001-01-16 | Toyo Eng Corp | 熱交換器様式反応器 |
US6641625B1 (en) | 1999-05-03 | 2003-11-04 | Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc. | Integrated hydrocarbon reforming system and controls |
CA2375664C (en) | 1999-06-02 | 2008-02-19 | Speedline Technologies, Inc. | Closed loop solder wave height control system |
DE19939731A1 (de) * | 1999-08-21 | 2001-02-22 | Degussa | Bodenbrenner für Kammerofen mit Reaktionsrohren, diesen Brenner enthaltender Kammerofen und seine Verwendung |
GB2359764A (en) * | 2000-03-01 | 2001-09-05 | Geoffrey Gerald Weedon | An endothermic tube reactor |
US7125540B1 (en) * | 2000-06-06 | 2006-10-24 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Microsystem process networks |
US6497856B1 (en) * | 2000-08-21 | 2002-12-24 | H2Gen Innovations, Inc. | System for hydrogen generation through steam reforming of hydrocarbons and integrated chemical reactor for hydrogen production from hydrocarbons |
US6394043B1 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2002-05-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Oxygen separation and combustion apparatus and method |
US6793698B1 (en) | 2001-03-09 | 2004-09-21 | Uop Llc | Fuel processor reactor with integrated pre-reforming zone |
GB0113788D0 (en) * | 2001-06-06 | 2001-07-25 | Kvaerner Process Tech Ltd | Furnace and process |
US20030039601A1 (en) * | 2001-08-10 | 2003-02-27 | Halvorson Thomas Gilbert | Oxygen ion transport membrane apparatus and process for use in syngas production |
GB2429274B (en) * | 2004-02-17 | 2009-02-18 | Modine Mfg Co | Integrated Fuel Processor For Distributed Hydrogen Production |
JP4477432B2 (ja) | 2004-06-29 | 2010-06-09 | 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 | 改質器 |
DE102004059014B4 (de) * | 2004-12-08 | 2009-02-05 | Lurgi Gmbh | Reaktionsbehälter zur Herstellung von H2 und CO enthaltendem Synthesegas |
CA2601371C (en) | 2005-03-10 | 2014-05-13 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | A multi-tube heat transfer system for the combustion of a fuel and heating of a process fluid and the use thereof |
WO2007035802A1 (en) | 2005-09-20 | 2007-03-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Filter and method of making |
CA2634712C (en) | 2005-12-21 | 2015-11-24 | Virent Energy Systems, Inc. | Catalysts and methods for reforming oxygenated compounds |
EP1806176A1 (en) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-11 | Casale Chemicals S.A. | Apparatus for the production of synthesis gas |
US7740671B2 (en) * | 2006-12-18 | 2010-06-22 | Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne, Inc. | Dump cooled gasifier |
MX2009006509A (es) | 2006-12-20 | 2009-10-28 | Virent Energy Systems Inc | Sistema reactor para la produccion de productos gaseosos. |
MY154790A (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2015-07-31 | Virent Inc | Synthesis of liquid fuels and chemicals from oxygenated hydrocarbons |
EP2237869B1 (de) * | 2008-01-25 | 2011-08-31 | Basf Se | Reaktor zur durchführung von hochdruckreaktionen, verfahren zur inbetriebnahme sowie verfahren zur durchführung einer reaktion |
DE102008023042A1 (de) * | 2008-05-09 | 2009-11-12 | Süd-Chemie AG | Verfahren zur semi-adiabatischen, semi-isothermen Durchführung einer endothermen Reaktion unter Einsatz eines katalytischen Reaktors und Ausbildung dieses Reaktors |
EP2331486A2 (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2011-06-15 | Virent Energy Systems Inc. | Synthesis of liquid fuels from biomass |
US8597385B2 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2013-12-03 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for shielding cooling tubes in a radiant syngas cooler |
US20110056216A1 (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2011-03-10 | Edwards Randall O | Pulsed Propane Refrigeration Device and Method |
ES2654579T3 (es) * | 2010-11-05 | 2018-02-14 | Midrex Technologies, Inc. | Aparato de tubo reformador que tiene un grosor variable de pared y procedimiento asociado de fabricación |
EP3290794A1 (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2018-03-07 | Technip France | Method for reducing nox emission |
CN109798508B (zh) * | 2017-11-17 | 2020-11-03 | 韩国能量技术研究院 | 原料预热部一体型水蒸气改质器及含其的氢制备系统 |
IT201900008280A1 (it) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-06 | Amec Foster Wheeler Italiana S R L | Reattore, in particolare reattore di reforming con vapore, e suo uso in un processo di reforming con vapore |
CN111517391A (zh) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 杭州碳明科技有限公司 | 一种含高cod废水的高温处理装置和工艺 |
CN112387218B (zh) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-09-13 | 大连海事大学 | 一种自热型列管式重整制氢反应器 |
CN114146663B (zh) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-10-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | 基于气相催化的流动管反应器 |
WO2023217591A1 (en) * | 2022-05-09 | 2023-11-16 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Insulating lining, use of an alumina-based part, reactor for hydrocarbon reforming and process for hydrocarbon reforming |
Family Cites Families (64)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2569846A (en) * | 1951-10-02 | Method of starting a unit for high | ||
US1934836A (en) * | 1926-11-26 | 1933-11-14 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Process for the catalytic conversion of hydrocarbons |
US2018619A (en) * | 1930-05-22 | 1935-10-22 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Apparatus for pyrogenic conversion of hydrocarbons |
DE572614C (de) * | 1930-09-25 | 1933-03-18 | Hans Elfeldt | Verfahren zur Durchfuehrung katalytischer Gasreaktionen |
US1959151A (en) * | 1930-09-30 | 1934-05-15 | Du Pont | Method of effecting chemical reactions at elevated temperatures |
US2039603A (en) * | 1932-05-07 | 1936-05-05 | Mountain Copper Company Ltd | Method for the production of hot reducing gases |
US2291762A (en) * | 1939-09-21 | 1942-08-04 | Sun Oil Co | Catalytic apparatus |
US2294430A (en) * | 1940-08-03 | 1942-09-01 | Sun Oil Co | Catalytic converter |
US2336879A (en) * | 1942-07-10 | 1943-12-14 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Reactor |
US2483132A (en) * | 1946-02-21 | 1949-09-27 | Texas Co | Conversion of hydrocarbon gas into carbon monoxide and hydrogen |
US2491518A (en) * | 1947-04-11 | 1949-12-20 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Generation of synthesis gas |
US2683152A (en) * | 1951-11-28 | 1954-07-06 | Kellogg M W Co | Preparation of hydrocarbon synthesis gas |
NL202236A (ja) * | 1954-09-18 | 1900-01-01 | ||
US2862984A (en) * | 1954-09-22 | 1958-12-02 | Basf Ag | Process of interacting hydrocarbons with oxygen |
DE1043291B (de) * | 1957-02-28 | 1958-11-13 | Degussa | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung von endothermen Reaktionen |
US2933291A (en) * | 1958-03-14 | 1960-04-19 | Modine Mfg Co | Heat exchanger with an expansion joint |
US3264066A (en) * | 1962-05-01 | 1966-08-02 | Pullman Inc | Production of hydrogen |
US3215502A (en) * | 1962-07-30 | 1965-11-02 | Chemical Construction Corp | Reformer furnace |
GB1039756A (en) * | 1962-10-29 | 1966-08-24 | Gas Council | Improvements in or relating to methods of treating gases |
US3132010A (en) * | 1962-11-08 | 1964-05-05 | Pullman Inc | Reforming of gaseous hydrocarbons |
US3382044A (en) * | 1965-02-03 | 1968-05-07 | Catalysts & Chemicals Inc | Removal of sulfur compounds in steamgas reforming and shift conversion processes |
US3541729A (en) * | 1968-05-09 | 1970-11-24 | Gen Electric | Compact reactor-boiler combination |
US3531263A (en) * | 1968-08-05 | 1970-09-29 | United Aircraft Corp | Integrated reformer unit |
US3950463A (en) * | 1969-10-22 | 1976-04-13 | The Electricity Council | Production of β-alumina ceramic tubes |
US4161510A (en) * | 1972-04-03 | 1979-07-17 | Chevron Research Company | Reforming furnace having ceramic-coated tubes |
US3850231A (en) * | 1973-05-24 | 1974-11-26 | Combustion Eng | Lmfbr intermediate heat exchanger |
US3909299A (en) * | 1973-10-01 | 1975-09-30 | United Technologies Corp | Fuel cell system including reform reactor |
US4312954A (en) * | 1975-06-05 | 1982-01-26 | Kennecott Corporation | Sintered silicon carbide ceramic body |
DE2550565A1 (de) * | 1975-11-11 | 1977-05-18 | Otto & Co Gmbh Dr C | Roehrenreaktor zur durchfuehrung endothermer gasreaktionen |
US4157241A (en) * | 1976-03-29 | 1979-06-05 | Avion Manufacturing Co. | Furnace heating assembly and method of making the same |
US4071330A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1978-01-31 | United Technologies Corporation | Steam reforming process and apparatus therefor |
CA1101194A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1981-05-19 | Richard F. Buswell | Multi-tube catalytic reaction apparatus |
GB1579577A (en) * | 1977-04-14 | 1980-11-19 | Robinson L F | Reforming of hydrocarbons |
US4266600A (en) * | 1977-06-28 | 1981-05-12 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Heat exchanger with double walled tubes |
US4203950A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1980-05-20 | United Technologies Corporation | Steam reforming reactor designed to reduce catalyst crushing |
US4144207A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-03-13 | The Carborundum Company | Composition and process for injection molding ceramic materials |
US4179299A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1979-12-18 | The Carborundum Company | Sintered alpha silicon carbide ceramic body having equiaxed microstructure |
US4346049A (en) * | 1978-05-01 | 1982-08-24 | Kennecott Corporation | Sintered alpha silicon carbide ceramic body having equiaxed microstructure |
US4207226A (en) * | 1978-08-03 | 1980-06-10 | The Carborundum Company | Ceramic composition suited to be injection molded and sintered |
US4221763A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1980-09-09 | Cities Service Company | Multi tube high pressure, high temperature reactor |
DE2852410C2 (de) * | 1978-12-04 | 1981-12-03 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Siliciumcarbid-Formkörpern |
US4233256A (en) * | 1978-12-18 | 1980-11-11 | The Carborundum Company | Process for injection molding sinterable carbide ceramic materials |
JPS55154303A (en) * | 1979-05-18 | 1980-12-01 | Toyo Eng Corp | Method and apparatus for steam-reforming hydrocarbon |
US4337170A (en) * | 1980-01-23 | 1982-06-29 | Union Carbide Corporation | Catalytic steam reforming of hydrocarbons |
JPS5826002A (ja) * | 1981-07-31 | 1983-02-16 | Toshiba Corp | スチ−ムリホ−ミング法及びスチ−ムリホ−ミング用反応管 |
DE3663652D1 (en) * | 1985-03-05 | 1989-07-06 | Ici Plc | Steam reforming hydrocarbons |
US4946667A (en) * | 1985-06-10 | 1990-08-07 | Engelhard Corporation | Method of steam reforming methanol to hydrogen |
JPS62210047A (ja) * | 1986-03-10 | 1987-09-16 | Toyo Eng Corp | 反応用装置 |
US4692306A (en) * | 1986-03-24 | 1987-09-08 | Kinetics Technology International Corporation | Catalytic reaction apparatus |
JPS62260701A (ja) * | 1986-05-02 | 1987-11-13 | Hitachi Ltd | 原料改質装置 |
US4861348A (en) * | 1986-10-08 | 1989-08-29 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Fuel reforming apparatus |
US4746329A (en) * | 1986-11-26 | 1988-05-24 | Energy Research Corporation | Methanol fuel reformer |
US4861347A (en) * | 1986-12-29 | 1989-08-29 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Compact chemical reaction vessel |
JPH0642940B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-31 | 1994-06-08 | 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 | 気体吸熱反応用装置 |
US4909808A (en) * | 1987-10-14 | 1990-03-20 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Steam reformer with catalytic combustor |
EP0314408B1 (en) * | 1987-10-23 | 1993-11-18 | C F Braun Inc | Reformer with low fired duty per unit of feedstock |
NO304808B1 (no) * | 1989-05-25 | 1999-02-15 | Standard Oil Co Ohio | Fast multikomponent membran, fremgangsmaate for fresmtilling av en slik membran samt anvendelse av denne |
ZA911838B (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 1991-12-24 | Standard Oil Co Ohio | Endothermic reaction apparatus |
AU661877B2 (en) * | 1990-04-03 | 1995-08-10 | Standard Oil Company, The | Endothermic reaction apparatus |
US5106590A (en) * | 1990-05-11 | 1992-04-21 | Davy Mckee (London) Limited | Gas mixer and distributor with heat exchange between incoming gases |
US5264008A (en) * | 1991-10-07 | 1993-11-23 | United Technologies Corporation | Reformer seal plate |
JPH05147901A (ja) * | 1991-11-29 | 1993-06-15 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料改質器 |
CA2079746C (en) * | 1991-12-19 | 2002-07-30 | Robert C. Ruhl | Endothermic reaction apparatus |
US5283049A (en) * | 1992-06-18 | 1994-02-01 | Quantum Chemical Corporation | Minimizing coking problems in tubular process furnaces |
-
1993
- 1993-06-16 US US08/078,748 patent/US5567398A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-06-08 ZA ZA944027A patent/ZA944027B/xx unknown
- 1994-06-14 DE DE69432233T patent/DE69432233T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-14 JP JP50217195A patent/JP3583780B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-14 NZ NZ267919A patent/NZ267919A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-14 AU AU70608/94A patent/AU699464B2/en not_active Expired
- 1994-06-14 CZ CZ19953319A patent/CZ292204B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-14 RU RU96101148A patent/RU2136360C1/ru active
- 1994-06-14 EP EP98120649A patent/EP0895806B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-14 KR KR1019950705741A patent/KR100323275B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-14 DE DE69419921T patent/DE69419921T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-14 CN CN94192942A patent/CN1091643C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-14 DK DK94919486T patent/DK0703823T3/da active
- 1994-06-14 DK DK98120649T patent/DK0895806T3/da active
- 1994-06-14 WO PCT/US1994/006686 patent/WO1994029013A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-06-14 CA CA002165449A patent/CA2165449C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-14 EP EP94919486A patent/EP0703823B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-15 MX MX9404530A patent/MX9404530A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-16 MY MYPI94001561A patent/MY138879A/en unknown
- 1994-08-14 SA SA94150129A patent/SA94150129B1/ar unknown
-
1995
- 1995-12-13 FI FI955977A patent/FI119624B/fi active
- 1995-12-15 NO NO955113A patent/NO308725B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010524811A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-07-22 | イエフペ | 複数の多孔性バーナを用いたコンパクトな交換器−反応器 |
Also Published As
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JPH08511503A (ja) | 吸熱反応装置および方法 | |
JP3075757B2 (ja) | 吸熱反応装置 | |
US5565009A (en) | Endothermic reaction process | |
US6153152A (en) | Endothermic reaction apparatus and method | |
US3958951A (en) | Convective power reformer equipment and system | |
US6096106A (en) | Endothermic reaction apparatus | |
JPH06238156A (ja) | 高圧改質反応装置用のライニングした改質装置チューブ | |
JP2001009264A (ja) | 熱交換器様式反応器 | |
JP2667615B2 (ja) | 燃料電池改質器 | |
CA2079746C (en) | Endothermic reaction apparatus | |
JP2003521371A (ja) | 熱交換反応装置 | |
JP3094435B2 (ja) | 断熱リホーマー装置 | |
NZ245475A (en) | Endothermic reaction vessel with metallic reaction tube in thermal contact with combustion zone | |
KR100241568B1 (ko) | 흡열 반응장치 및 이 반응을 수행하기 위한 방법 | |
SU1386285A1 (ru) | Печь каталитической конверсии углеводородов | |
JPH0124534B2 (ja) | ||
SA93140127B1 (ar) | عملية تفاعل ماص للحرارة |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20040106 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20040405 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20040517 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20040423 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20040713 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20040730 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20080806 Year of fee payment: 4 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090806 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20090806 Year of fee payment: 5 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20100806 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110806 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20110806 Year of fee payment: 7 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120806 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120806 Year of fee payment: 8 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20130806 Year of fee payment: 9 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |