JPH06237642A - Method for proliferating strawberry seedling and method for raising strawberry seedling - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a method for proliferating strawberry seedlings capable of harvesting rich runners from mother stock. CONSTITUTION:The method for proliferating strawberry seedlings is made up of the following three processes: (1) low-temperature treatment 1: mericlone seedlings obtained by culturing strawberry shoot apexes are treated at low temperatures for a specified period; (2) nutriculture 2: the mericlone seedlings are put to nutriculture in the capacity of mother stock at relatively high temperatures for a long daylight time to develop runners; and (3) harvesting seedling process 3: daughter stock epiphytically developed on the runners is cut off them in such a state that there are about two unfolded leaves and the primordium of the root has just been seen and then harvested.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for growing strawberry seedlings and a method for raising strawberry seedlings for raising excellent disease-free seedlings while suppressing reinfection of viruses and pathogenic bacteria.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, since strawberries are vegetatively propagating crops, seedlings have been collected by a method of raising seedlings that grow on the tip of the runner, which occurs from multiple parent strains. Seedling raising methods such as those used in the above are not used on a commercial basis because of variations in quality.

The strawberry seedlings to be procured by the above-mentioned method require about 10,000 strains for every 10 ares grown.

In a general method for temporary seedling raising in forced cultivation, the soil for raising seedlings is prepared in the middle of March, followed by planting parent strains and laying sardines on the periphery of the parent strains planted in the cultivation area. A sheet is placed over the parent strain to form a tunnel. From early May, we have been attracting runners,
Land for temporary planting was prepared in early June, and seedlings were transplanted and transplanted to the temporary planting floor from late June to early July. During the period until planting in September, brackish water, leaf scraping, picking runners, and controlling Etc. are working.

[0005]

However, according to the conventional method for growing strawberry seedlings, the annual labor working hours are 350 to 4 hours.
It takes more than 00 hours and the burden of labor is larger than that of other fruits and vegetables.
In addition, the cultivation area required for raising seedlings is as wide as 5-10 are per 10,000 strains, and it is necessary to take measures to avoid soil pathogens and pests, which results in physical and mental burden over a half-year raising period. I am in a situation where I am forced.

[0006] Therefore, recently, although "a disease-free excellent seedling breeding and distribution business" using apical culture by public institutions has become popular, most of the apical cultured and virus-free strains are used as parent strains. Therefore, the seedlings for planting are mainly runner-grown in the soil cultivation house by the method described above. Therefore, re-infection of viruses and pathogenic bacteria occurs not a little during the growth process.

[0007] This runner-based growth method is the most reliable growth method because there are few mutations. The larger the runner generation amount, the more efficient it is because it can grow with a smaller parent strain. In this case, if a large number of runners are generated and roots are sufficiently developed when the runners settle, there is a problem that the strain on the parent strain increases. Therefore, there is a limit to the generation of a large number of runners by the conventional breeding method using runners.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, a method for growing strawberry seedlings according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises:
A low temperature treatment process of low temperature treatment of mericron seedlings obtained by cultivating the shoot apices of strawberries for a certain period of time, a hydroponic culture process of generating a runner by hydroponics under high temperature long-day conditions as a parent strain, and attaching to the generated runner The present invention is characterized in that it has a step of collecting seedlings by cutting off the seedlings that have been grown in an early state in which the number of developed leaves is about 2 and the root disc is visible.

The method for growing strawberry seedlings according to claim 2 of the present invention is the same as the method for growing strawberry seedlings as described above. The feature is that seedlings are grown by hydroponics while keeping the above-ground part extending upward at high humidity for a certain period.

[0010]

According to the method for growing strawberry seedlings according to the present invention,
When the melicron seedlings are subjected to low temperature treatment for a certain period after obtaining the meliclon seedlings by shoot apical culture, more runners are generated than usual. Expand the child strain that has settled on this runner Leaf 2
Since the number of seedlings is about one and the seedlings are collected in an early stage when the root primordium is visible, a large amount of offspring can be obtained without burdening the parent strain.

According to the method for raising strawberry seedlings according to claim 2 of the present invention, the seedlings collected according to claim 1 are planted in an artificial medium, and the above-ground part extending above the artificial medium is kept at high humidity for a certain period. Since it raises seedlings by hydroponics while keeping it,
It is possible to raise seedlings without infecting soil pathogens.

[0012]

EXAMPLES A method for growing strawberry seedlings according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

In the method for growing strawberry seedlings of this embodiment, the method shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 2, low temperature treatment step 1 of low temperature treatment of shoot-cultured strawberry seedlings of Mericlone under 10 ° C (continuous) dark conditions for 10 to 20 days, and this low temperature treated strawberry seedling as a parent strain Hydroponic cultivation step 2 of the parent strain, which is temporarily planted in a rock wool medium in the house and cultivated under high temperature and long days.
Promote the generation of a large amount of runners without infecting pests and soil pathogenic bacteria, etc., and early develop the seedlings that have settled in the runners (primary or secondary runners) that have occurred (the root discs can be seen with about two developed leaves). And a seedling collecting step 3 for collecting seedlings separately. Figure 2 shows the state in which the root disc was visible when the number of leaves was about 2 when the offspring that had settled on the primary or secondary runner was cut off. In this FIG. 2, there are 3 roots 9 which are the roots of the roots 8 generated in the runner 7.
About two protruding leaves 10 are generated from the offspring 8 at the protruding portion.

The seedlings collected in the seedling collecting step 3 are temporarily planted in an artificial medium consisting of 75 mm square rockwool cubes in the temporary seedling planting step 4. Rockwool cubes are lined up on a shelf (height 50-100 cm). After the temporary planting step 4 of the child strain, the process proceeds to the hydroponic cultivation step 5 of the child strain. In the hydroponic cultivation step 5 of this child strain, as shown in FIG.
As shown in, the rockwool cube 11 has 12 nutrient solutions.
Is sprayed or drip so that the rock wool cube 11 is always in an appropriately wet state to promote rooting. At this time, the above-ground part of the subsidiary strain 8 on the rock wool cube 11 is covered with a transparent plastic cylinder 13 having a bottomed cylindrical shape to maintain the atmosphere of the subsidiary strain 8 at high humidity. The supplied waste liquid of the nutrient solution 12 is recycled. In the initial stage of raising seedlings, that is, for about 3 days after collecting seedlings, the relative humidity of the above-ground portion of the seedlings is set to approximately 100% by the tube 13 and the strains are allowed to grow. In the planting step 6 in the main field after the hydroponic cultivation step 5 of the sub-strains, the raised seedlings are not taken out from the rockwool cube but are planted together on the cultivation shelf in the main field as they are.

Next, an experimental example in which the present invention is actually carried out will be shown.

[0016]

[Experimental Example 1] Table 1 shows the Mericron seedling (variety: iberry F
ragaria x ananassa cv.'Ai-berry) shows the low temperature treatment conditions performed in an artificial weather device, the temperature is continuously maintained at 5 degrees c, the light is continuously dark and the illuminance is 0. It was Lux. Humidity was maintained at 90% continuously, and carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) was in a natural atmospheric state. As fertilization, Otsuka C prescription solution (electrical conductivity EC
= 1.2 mS / cm) was applied once a day in an appropriate amount. The low-temperature treatment period was set to 0 days, 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days, and the low-temperature accumulated days were 0 days, 10 days, 20 days, and 30 days.

[0017]

[Table 1] Table 2 shows the formulation of the culture solution and the component composition of the standard culture solution, and the above-mentioned Otsuka C formulation solution may be substituted based on the fertilizer component concentrations shown in these tables.

[0018]

[Table 2] Next, the Mericron seedlings that had been subjected to the low temperature treatment under the conditions shown in Table 1 were cultivated by collecting runners by the method shown in Table 3. The runner-picking cultivation conditions are as shown in Table 3.

[0019]

[Table 3] That is, the daytime temperature is 28 degrees c, the liquid temperature is 15 degrees c, the day length is 16 hours, the illuminance at daytime is 20,000 lux, the humidity is 70% at daytime, and at night.
90%, carbon dioxide at 700ppm in the daytime, fertilizer application Otsuka chemical formulation solution (electrical conductivity EC =
1.2 mS / cm) was fed to the medium twice a day, morning and evening. The number of tested offspring was 7 and the distance between the offspring was 13 cm.
Cultivation was carried out under these conditions for about 3 months. As a result, runners were generated as shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows the number of runners generated under the low temperature treatment condition.

That is, when the number of low temperature treatment days is 0, the number of runners generated after 3 weeks is around 4, the number of runners after 6 weeks is less than 9, and the number of runners after 9 weeks is around 11. Became.

When the number of low temperature treatment days is 10, the number of runners generated after 3 weeks is 6, the number of runners after 6 weeks is about 11, and the number of runners after 9 weeks is about 13. became.

When the number of low temperature treatment days is 20 days, the number of runners generated after 3 weeks is slightly over 6, the number of runners generated after 6 weeks is about 11, and the number of runners generated after 9 weeks is 15. It was

Furthermore, when the low temperature treatment days are 30 days, 3
The number of runners after 6 weeks was 6, the number of runners after 6 weeks was 11, and the number of runners after 9 weeks was just under 14.

As a result of the above experiment, as shown in FIG. 3, when low temperature treatment is performed for 10 to 20 days (low temperature integrated amount of 240 hours to 480 hours), the effect of promoting runner generation thereafter is shown. I was broken.

[0026]

[Experimental Example 2] Next, an experimental example of the runner generation promoting effect by early separation of the offspring from the parental stock will be described. Table 4 shows the cultivation conditions when the shoot-cultured strawberry seedlings (the above-mentioned variety name “eyeberry”) mericron seedlings were cultivated in an acrylic greenhouse capable of controlling the environment.

[0027]

[Table 4] In Table 4, eye berry shoot apical culture was used as the test variety. 11 strains were used for the test plot and 11 strains were used for the control plot. An acrylic house was used for the environment-controlled cultivation room, and the floor surface of the acrylic house was paved with water permeability. The cultivation temperature in the acrylic house was 25 ° c during the day and 20 ° c during the night. The humidity in the house is 70%, and the carbon dioxide concentration is 1,
The daylength, which is the length of the day, was 13 hours. To cultivate the parent strain, place the parent strain in a 75 mm square rockwool cube on a mat with a thickness of 75 mm laid at a distance of 25 cm,
Fertilization was performed by drip. The fertilizing solution used was the Otsuka C prescription liquid described above in which the electric conductivity was partially changed to EC = 1.0 mS / cm. The liquid temperature of this nutrient solution was 20 degrees c. A 75 mm rockwool cube was used as an artificial medium for growing the offspring. As a method for growing the offspring, the offspring were planted on a rockwool cube, and the upper part of the offspring was covered with a polypropylene bottomed cylinder to be moisturized. Moisturizing period 0 days, 3
Days, 5, 7, and 10 days.

[0028] In this way, the shoot-cultured "eye berry"
Were cultivated under the environmental conditions shown in Table 4, and the runners (1
2.5 leaves of the seedlings that grew on the tip of the next runner,
The roots were separated from the parent strain to the extent that the primordia were visible, and the increase in runner generation from the parent strain was investigated. At this time, in order to properly grow the offspring separated early from the parent after the transplantation, an appropriate period for keeping the above-ground part of the offspring at high humidity was investigated from the time of seedling collection. The basement was kept wet with nutrient solution to promote rooting.

FIG. 4 shows the results. When the offspring that had settled on the runner were separated from the parent strain earlier than the conventional one, the generation of runners on the parent strain was promoted. As shown by the solid line in Figure 4, the amount of runners generated from this parent strain increased to 16% after 30 days of cultivation and 48% after 60 days compared to the conventional practice method shown by the dotted line. It was found to contribute to the efficiency of growth.

The early-isolated offspring grew smoothly by keeping the above-ground part at saturated humidity for 3 days. Furthermore,
The generation of primary roots is similar to that of conventional strains (child strains inserted into rockwool cubes at the same time with the runner connected to the parent strain), and as a seedling for forcible cultivation, cutting the seedlings is especially problematic. Not considered.

[0031]

[Effect] According to the method for growing strawberry seedlings according to the present invention,
Since the growth of the runners from the parent strain is carried out in the house by the hydroponic culture method, the excellent disease-free seedlings cultivated at the top of the shoot can be grown in the most reliable manner and without being contaminated with viruses and pathogens.

By low temperature treatment of shoot apical culture and early separation of sub-strains, the amount of runners generated from the parent strain can be increased, so that the required number of parent strains can be reduced and the cultivation area for seedling collection can be reduced. it can.

Specifically, when 20 parent strains can be collected per parent strain, 500 parent strains can procure 10 ares of seedlings, and the required cultivation area of the parent strain is 50 square meters (1 / 10 or less).

In order to separate the child strain from the parent strain at an early stage,
The work to attract runners is unnecessary, and the space for rooting and rooting the child stock can be reduced while still connected to the parent stock.

Since the substrains are planted in an artificial medium such as rockwool cube when the root primordium is visible, development of primary roots by temporary planting can be expected.

By planting the offspring in an artificial medium such as rockwool cube and raising the seedlings by a hydroponic culture method, the nutrient solution can be easily washed away by washing the artificial medium with water. It is easy to cut off nitrogen in the latter stage of raising seedlings.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing steps of a method for growing strawberry seedlings according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the state of root discs of a child strain at the time of collecting seedlings in the multiplication step of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a correlation between the number of low temperature treatment days and the number of runners generated in the parent strain.

[Fig. 4] Relationship between the number of runners and the number of cultivation days that occur in the parent strain due to early cutting of the child strain

[FIG. 5] An explanatory view of a state in which a transparent wool is covered with a transparent cylinder on the rockwool cube in the early stage of hydroponics.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Low-temperature treatment process for seedlings 2 Hydroponic culture process for parent strains 3 Sapling harvesting process 4 Temporary planting process for 5 seedlings 5 Hydroponic cultivation process for 6 strains 6 Planting process for main field 7 Runners 8 Strains 9 Root roots 10 Expanded leaves 11 Rockwool cube 12 Nutrient solution 13 Transparent plastic cylinder

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A low-temperature treatment step of low-temperature-treating mericron seedlings obtained by culturing strawberry shoot apices for a certain period of time, and a hydroponic culture step of generating a runner by hydroponics as a parent strain under high-temperature long-day conditions. The seedlings of the strawberry seedlings are collected by separating the seedlings that have settled on the runners that have spread out about two leaves and in the early state when the root primordia are visible. Propagation method. 2. A seedling collected by the method for growing strawberry seedlings according to claim 1, is planted in an artificial medium, and the above-ground part extending upward from the artificial medium of the seedling is kept at high humidity for a certain period of time while the nutrient solution is maintained. A method for raising strawberry seedlings, which comprises raising seedlings by cultivation.