JPH06228967A - Manufacture of greening bedrock concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To cultivate plants on a cement concrete bedrock. CONSTITUTION:Aggregates 22 are solidified with low alkaline mixed cement 24, thereby obtaining a concrete hardening body 20 having continuous voids 26. Then, an alkaline component in the hardening body is neutralized and treated with acid gas or an acid solution while an acid water retention material 28 is filled up into the voids 26, thereby synergistically removing alkaline harmful effects of medicine in a multiplication manner and manufacturing a concrete bed rock having an excellent condition for plant cultivation.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention requires a reduction in the thickness of foundations such as slopes, interiors and exteriors of buildings, and shorelines, weight reduction, resistance to rainwater and running water, and resistance to predetermined external forces. The present invention relates to a method for producing a concrete for greening base which is applied as a base for growing plants in various parts.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of greening a vertical surface such as a wall surface of a building or a steep slope close to a vertical surface, a net-like object is attached to the wall, and creepers are allowed to crawl on the soil or soil beneath the wall. It is common practice to plant and artificially grow it so that it crawls on the wall.

However, this method limits the kinds of plants for greening, and cannot meet the demand for various vegetation in view of landscape or design.

[0004] As a method for forming a greening base on a sloping land, a thick layer base material spraying method of spraying a soil containing seeds and fertilizer has been generally used. However, on steep slopes, the soil layer was washed away by the erosion of the soil by rainwater and freezing, and permanent greening was difficult.

In order to make up for the drawbacks of the method using a net-like material and the method for spraying a thick layer base material, a granular aggregate is connected and solidified with cement paste or mortar so as to form continuous voids inside. It is possible to construct porous concrete on the slope, and to fill the voids with clay paste for greening. In Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-10535, the voids are filled with soil mixed with seeds and fertilizer as required. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-114204 discloses a method of greening the same, and a method of mixing an organic solid substance with an aggregate and binding with a binder and a method of embedding the organic solid substance in the porous concrete. 4-89919, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-8
No. 9920 and JP-A-4-89921.

[0006] As a concrete for a greening base in which an aggregate is solidified with cement paste or mortar so as to have continuous voids, and further water-holding material, fertilizer, soil particles, seeds, etc. are filled therein, the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-10535. And JP-A-53-114204.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention
No. 04 is characterized in that a coating film is formed on the inner surface of the voids so that the alkaline substance derived from cement does not affect the growth of plants. However, the durability of the coating film is low even in the case of using an alkali-resistant coating material in a humid environment suitable for growing plants, and the effect of preventing alkali elution cannot be expected so much.

Further, JP-A-4-89919 and JP-A-4-9919
In JP-A-89920 and JP-A-4-89921, it is recommended to use magnesia cement or phosphate cement as needed as a method for reducing alkaline substances by cement, but these cements are better than Portland cement. For example, the amount of alkaline substance can be reduced, but it is difficult to reduce the amount so as not to affect the growth of plants. obtain.

In Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 58-10535, the clay paste containing seeds is filled in by pouring or spraying the voids in the greening base concrete. However, the method of spraying has a low filling efficiency, and the filling amount required for growing plants cannot be obtained. Further, it does not mention a specific method for adjusting the clay paste when the clay paste is introduced.

In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-114204, the voids in the concrete for greening base are filled with soil in which seeds and, if necessary, fertilizer are mixed. For example, by repeating the dry spraying of the fillers and watering. Although a method and a method of press-fitting or injecting as a soil base are mentioned, this method also has a low filling efficiency, and a filling amount necessary for growing plants cannot be obtained.

In consideration of the above facts, the present invention is capable of neutralizing the alkaline substance inside the base when producing concrete for greening base in which aggregate is solidified with cement paste or mortar so as to have continuous voids, It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a concrete for greening foundation, which can efficiently fill the inside of the water retention material, fertilizer, soil particles, seeds, etc.

[0012]

The invention according to claim 1 is
Aggregate is solidified with a binder composed of low-alkali type cement to form a concrete hardened body having continuous voids, and then alkaline components in the hardened body are neutralized with an acidic gas or solution, or both. It is also characterized in that the space is filled with a water retention material.

[0013]

According to the invention described in claim 1, with respect to the alkaline component which is inevitably brought from cement and inhibits plant growth, the selection of the material constituting the hardened concrete body and the manufacturing process are intimate. As a result, it is possible to manufacture a hardened concrete that is substantially free from this.

That is, it is important to solidify the aggregate with a binder composed of a low-alkali type cement, which makes it possible to substantially reduce the alkaline component eluted from the cement.

When the aggregate is solidified with the cement in which the alkaline component is suppressed, the aggregate is solidified so that continuous voids are formed between the aggregates to obtain a hardened concrete.

Next, it is important to neutralize the hardened concrete obtained with an acidic gas or solution, and both, and to fill the voids of the hardened body with an acidic water retaining material.

As described above, by producing the concrete for greening foundation, the plant has healthy growth, has a continuous void amount necessary for the root to grow, and has a healthy pH inside the concrete. It can be maintained within a range where it can be raised.

First, the aggregate used is not particularly limited as long as it has strength and does not undergo rapid alteration and deterioration after planting. For example, natural crushed stone such as ordinary crushed stone, shale, volcanic rock, blast furnace Examples include slag, industrial waste of refractories, slow-release fertilizers such as soluble phosphorus fertilizers, other artificial aggregates, and mixtures thereof.

The particle size is preferably in the range of 5 mm to 40 mm. When the average particle diameter of the aggregate is 5 mm or less, the size of the continuous voids obtained is small and it becomes difficult for roots to grow. When the average particle diameter of the aggregate exceeds 40 mm, the strength of the cured product decreases. .

On the other hand, it is one of the features that low alkali cement is used as a binder for solidifying the above aggregate.

The low-alkali type cement mentioned here is a mixed cement composed of a mixture of cement such as Portland cement or magnesium phosphate cement and an inorganic fine powder having a function of fixing or neutralizing an alkaline component of the cement. Refers to.

Examples of such inorganic fine powders include fine powders of blast furnace slag, fly ash, irwin, silica and the like, which may be a mixture.

That is, these fine powders can immobilize or react with an alkaline component such as calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide produced by hydration of cement to neutralize it to suppress free alkali.

The mixing ratio of the fine powder in the above-mentioned mixed cement is not limited, but in order to effectively consume the alkaline substance, it is desirable to add at least 50 wt% or more in the blast furnace slag and the fly ash.

In the case of Erwin and fine silica powder,
From the viewpoint of volume change and strength of the cured product, the amount added is preferably in the range of 10 to 50 wt%. When the addition amount of Irwin and fine siliceous powder is 10 wt% or less, the suppression of alkaline substances is insufficient, which adversely affects the growth of plants. On the other hand, when the added amount of Irwin exceeds 50 wt%, the cured body exhibits expansiveness, which causes the strength of the cured body to decrease. If the silica fine powder exceeds 50 wt%, the alkaline substance necessary for curing will be consumed too much, and the strength of the cured product will decrease.

By using the mixed cement as described above, it is possible to secure an alkaline substance required at the time of hardening and to gently reduce an excessive alkaline substance harmful to plants.

In the present invention, when solidified with such an aggregate and mixed cement to prepare a hardened concrete, it must be solidified so as to form continuous voids.

The term "open void portion" as used herein refers to a void portion having open cell portions that allow free passage of water and ventilation in the cured product, and it is necessary that the void rate is 20 vol /% or more.

The reason for this is that if the porosity is less than 20 vol /%, it will be difficult to secure a space for growth of the roots of the plant and a space for respiration, and this will tend to not be put to practical use.

Needless to say, the upper limit of the porosity is naturally limited in terms of securing practical strength of the hardened concrete.

In order to solidify the aggregate with the mixed cement having such continuous voids, the particle size of the aggregate and the amount of the mixed cement used are designed as described above.

Therefore, although the amount of the mixed cement used varies depending on the physical properties and particle size of the aggregate or the physical properties of the mixed cement, it is within the range where the above-mentioned porosity and practical strength of the hardened body are obtained, and in many cases, the aggregate is used. It is desirable that the volume ratio of the mixed cement to be 5 to 30 vol%. When it is 5 vol% or less, the strength of the cured body is insufficient and it cannot be put to practical use.
When it is 30 vol% or more, the porosity is insufficient, the rooting space is insufficient, and the water retaining material is insufficiently filled, which is unsuitable as a greening base.

When using the mixed cement, either paste or mortar may be used.

After the aggregate is kneaded and solidified with the mixed cement so as to form the voids as described above, a base concrete hardened body having a desired form is prepared and cured to develop strength.

In the present invention, two operations of neutralization of the obtained cured product and filling of the acidic water retaining material are then carried out, and this method can employ the following several operating procedures.

1. A method of neutralizing an internal alkaline component of a cured product with a weakly acidic gas or / and a solution and then filling it with an acidic water retaining material.

2. A method of filling an acidic water-retaining material in the voids of a cured product and then neutralizing it with a weakly acidic gas and / or solution.

3. A method of simultaneously performing the neutralization treatment of the hardened material and the filling treatment of the water retaining material (for example, a slurry in which the water retaining material is dispersed in a weakly acidic solution is poured into the void portion).

In the above, carbon dioxide gas is preferable as the weakly acidic gas, and ammonium phosphate monobasic, carbonated water or the like is preferable as the solution.

Examples of the acidic water retention material include acidic fertilizer, acidic soil, acidic organic matter and the like. The acidic water-retaining material can take various forms depending on its physical properties and is not particularly limited. For example, it is mainly filled in the voids of the concrete base as short fibers, powder or granules. In this case, a material having a size of 5 mm or less is preferable in order to improve the filling rate of the acidic water retaining material.

If necessary, when the acidic water-retaining material can have the form of fine powder or short fibers, it can be used by being mixed with cement together with the above fine powder, and it can also be used as a coarse grain having a strong strength. When it can be taken as a material, it can be used as a part of aggregate. However, in each case, the condition is that the durable practical strength of the concrete does not deteriorate, and the amount used is naturally limited.

In the present invention, such an acidic water retention material is
Particularly, peat moss short fibers are preferable.

Since peat moss has a high water retention capacity and contains corroded organic substances such as humic acid, the pH of the stored water shows a weak acidity of about 4, so that by putting it inside the cured product. It is possible to neutralize the alkaline component eluted from the mixed cement and effectively impart water retention.

Further, in the present invention, in order to effectively fill the voids of the cured body with the acidic water retaining material, it is preferable to prepare a slurry of the water retaining material containing a thickener and inject and fill the slurry.

As the thickener, for example, organic water-soluble polymer such as sodium polyacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, MC, CMC or inorganic water-soluble polymer such as alkali polyphosphate can be applied.

By filling the concrete hardened body obtained as described above with an acidic water retention material together with a neutralization treatment,
Although it is possible to produce vegetation-based concrete, seeds and fertilizers are applied to the outside of the concrete foundation in order to cover soil, improve water retention, and maintain fertilizer, which are necessary for germination in order to grow plants more effectively. It is more practical and preferable to cover with soil mixed with or a thick layer base material. The thick layer base material here is a combination of one or more kinds of soil, compost, fiber, fungi inhabiting soil, seed, water, organic or inorganic adhesive.

[0047]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to Examples and Comparative Examples, and also examples of construction of articles according to the present invention will be described.

[Example 1] Ordinary crushed stone (JIS No. 5) as aggregate
And 70 wt% of granulated blast furnace slag powder in Rutland cement
% Mixed cement is used, and the ratio of cement paste to aggregate is 15 vol% and water cement ratio is 30 wt%.
mm × 200 mm × 100 mm) was obtained.

The obtained cured product was treated with ammonium monophosphate 15
It was immersed in a wt% solution for 1 minute for neutralization.

Next, 1 kg of peat moss cut to a surface dry state of 1 mm or less was added to 19 kg of water together with a polyacrylamide thickener to form a slurry, and this slurry was placed in the voids of the hardened body in an amount of 1.4 liters per specimen. Was poured in to obtain peat moss-filled concrete for greening foundation.

[Example 2] The same procedure as in Example 1 was carried out except that the cured product was neutralized in a closed container for 1 day using carbon dioxide gas instead of the neutralization treatment with the first ammonium phosphate. The concrete for greening foundation was obtained by the operation and conditions.

Example 3 A thick layer base material obtained by mixing an appropriate amount of effective soil fungus and chemical fertilizer in a soil having a composition ratio of 75 vol% of field soil and 25 vol% of soil on the upper part of the greening base concrete obtained in Example 1. Was uniformly covered with a thickness of 1 cm to obtain a greening foundation concrete.

Example 4 A green basement concrete covering a thick layer base material was prepared by operating under the same conditions as the coating of the thick layer base material in Example 3 on the upper part of the green basement concrete obtained in Example 2. Obtained.

[Comparative Example 1] A green basement concrete was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the neutralization treatment step with the first ammonium phosphate solution was omitted.

Comparative Example 2 Under the same operation and conditions as in Example 1, except that ordinary Portland cement paste was used in place of Portland cement containing 70 wt /% of granulated blast furnace slag fine powder in Comparative Example 2. A green base concrete was obtained.

[Comparative Example 3] 35 g per one cured body instead of the peat moss used as the water retaining material in Example 1.
After laying dry clay particles on the top, sprinkling 700 ml of water, and then again operating in the same manner to fill the voids of the hardened body with clay, under the same operation and conditions Obtained.

[Comparative Example 4] The greened base concrete obtained in Comparative Example 1 was coated with a thick layer base material by the same operation as in Example 3 and covered with a thick layer base material. Got

(Vegetation Experiment) After placing the turf on the upper surface of the vegetation foundation concrete prepared by the above method, water of 1 liter was sprayed with a watering can once a day for each specimen, and after 2 months, The vegetation status of the turf was observed and evaluated along with the following items. * Strength of base concrete The core is bored on the test piece with a diameter of 50 mm
According to JIS A 1108, after curing in water for 4 weeks, the compressive strength was measured. * PH of running water Two weeks after the preparation of the sample, when 1 liter of water was poured from the upper part of the base, the pH of the water flowing out to the lower part was measured. * Grass growth condition (growing condition and amount of root invasion) The growth condition is 5 after 2 months after placing the turf.
The relative evaluation of the stages was made (the condition where the grass is completely rooted and lush on the entire surface is 5, the condition where the grass is dead and cannot grow substantially is 1, and the intermediate one is relatively 2, 3 ,
It was set to 4. ) In addition, the amount of roots invading the specimen was 2
After a month, each base was vertically divided at the center, and the depth at which the root penetrated from the top surface was measured.

The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

[0060]

[Table 1] As can be seen from Table 1, the example concrete has sufficient practical strength of the base concrete despite the fact that the pH of the running water suitable for the vegetation environment is neutral.

Therefore, the vegetation of turf is superior to the comparative example in terms of the vegetation of the grass as compared with the comparative example, in terms of both the growth and the amount of root invasion.

(Construction Example) FIG. 1 shows an example of successful implementation of the example product on the slope of the building exterior part. A cross-sectional view of the greening base concrete of the example product used in this example is shown in FIG.

Around the building 10 such as a building, the building 1
A wall body 16 is provided to divide the site of 0 from the road 12 and the sidewalk 14. The wall body 16 is a slope with its outer surface directed slightly upward.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wall body 16 is formed with the slope forming skeleton 18 as a base, and the greening foundation concrete 20 according to the present embodiment is laid on the slope.
In the greening base concrete 20, aggregates 22 are solidified by mixed cement 24, and continuous voids 26 are formed between the aggregates 22.

The cavities 26 are filled with peat moss 28, and have the function of retaining water in the cavities 26 and the function of neutralizing the trace amount of alkaline substances eluted from the mixed cement 24. Fosters upbringing.

The greening-based cured body 20 thus formed
The thick layer base material 30 is attached to the surface of the above, and is applied as a growing base of the plant 32 so that the surface of the wall body 16 is greened. The root 32A of the plant 32 is
It is adapted to penetrate into the void portion 26 and grow. In this way, the slope can be greened with the base concrete according to the present invention, and the structure can be given a beautiful appearance.

[0067]

As described above, according to the method for producing greening base concrete of the present invention, the alkaline component inevitably introduced from the cement is substantially removed without sacrificing the strength deterioration of the concrete. Therefore, the greening base concrete suitable for vegetation can be industrially advantageously manufactured.

[Brief description of drawings]

[Fig. 1] Shows the slope where the vegetation foundation concrete was constructed,
It is a perspective view of the wall body around a building.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 20 Greening Foundation Concrete 22 Aggregate 24 Mixed Cement 26 Void 28 Pete Moss 30 Thick Layer Base Material

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁵ Identification number Internal reference number FI Technical indication location E04F 13/08 Z 9127-2E (72) Inventor Toshio Yonezawa 2-5-14 Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo No. Incorporated Takenaka Corp. Technical Research Institute (72) Inventor Mamoru Sakuma 2-5-14 Minamisuna, Koto-ku, Tokyo Incorporated Incorporated Takenaka Corp. Technical Research Institute (72) Handa Eiichi 9 Kameido, Koto-ku, Tokyo Chome 15-1 Nihon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kunio Hisamatsu 9-15-1 Kameido, Koto-ku, Tokyo Nihon Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An aggregate is solidified with a binder composed of a low alkali type cement to form a concrete hardened body having continuous voids, and then the alkaline component in the hardened body is treated with an acidic gas or solution, or both. A method for producing a concrete for greening base, which comprises performing neutralization treatment with and filling the voids with an acidic water retaining material. 2. The method for producing a concrete for greening foundation according to claim 1, wherein the acidic gas or solution, and both of them are carbon dioxide gas or a solution of monobasic ammonium phosphate. 3. The method for producing greening base concrete according to claim 1, wherein a slurry of a water retaining material containing a thickening agent is used as a method of filling the acid water retaining material into the voids of the hardened body.