JP7494496B2 - タイヤ - Google Patents
タイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- JP7494496B2 JP7494496B2 JP2020040084A JP2020040084A JP7494496B2 JP 7494496 B2 JP7494496 B2 JP 7494496B2 JP 2020040084 A JP2020040084 A JP 2020040084A JP 2020040084 A JP2020040084 A JP 2020040084A JP 7494496 B2 JP7494496 B2 JP 7494496B2
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- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 281
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 281
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 113
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyl Chemical class [SH] PXQLVRUNWNTZOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenezinc Chemical compound [Zn]=S WGPCGCOKHWGKJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 41
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 38
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 32
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 32
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 29
- -1 respectively Substances 0.000 description 27
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 21
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 19
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical class C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 14
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 14
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 12
- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 10
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N limonene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1CCC(C)=CC1 XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 150000004756 silanes Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920003049 isoprene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 9
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N (-)-α-pinene Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 8
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BGNGWHSBYQYVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde Chemical group CN(C)C1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 BGNGWHSBYQYVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 7
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010734 process oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004636 vulcanized rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- WTARULDDTDQWMU-RKDXNWHRSA-N (+)-β-pinene Chemical compound C1[C@H]2C(C)(C)[C@@H]1CCC2=C WTARULDDTDQWMU-RKDXNWHRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WTARULDDTDQWMU-IUCAKERBSA-N (-)-Nopinene Natural products C1[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1CCC2=C WTARULDDTDQWMU-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JSNRRGGBADWTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E)-7,11-dimethyl-3-methylene-1,6,10-dodecatriene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(=C)C=C JSNRRGGBADWTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZNRLMGFXSPUZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethyl-1h-quinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C)=CC(C)(C)NC2=C1 ZNRLMGFXSPUZNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-n-(4-methylpentan-2-yl)-1-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(NC(C)CC(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZZMVLMVFYMGSMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WTARULDDTDQWMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pseudopinene Natural products C1C2C(C)(C)C1CCC2=C WTARULDDTDQWMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006271 aliphatic hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000004450 alkenylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XCPQUQHBVVXMRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Fenchene Natural products C1CC2C(=C)CC1C2(C)C XCPQUQHBVVXMRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MVNCAPSFBDBCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-pinene Natural products CC1=CCC23C1CC2C3(C)C MVNCAPSFBDBCGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006272 aromatic hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229930006722 beta-pinene Natural products 0.000 description 4
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- LCWMKIHBLJLORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-carene Natural products C1CC(=C)CC2C(C)(C)C21 LCWMKIHBLJLORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- UOURRHZRLGCVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-D pentazinc;dicarbonate;hexahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O UOURRHZRLGCVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 4
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N rac-alpha-Pinene Natural products CC1=CCC2C(C)(C)C1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920005792 styrene-acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005370 alkoxysilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000001510 limonene Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940087305 limonene Drugs 0.000 description 3
- DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-ylsulfanyl)cyclohexanamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NSC1=NC2=CC=CC=C2S1 DEQZTKGFXNUBJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003097 polyterpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 3
- DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N (2r,4r,4as,6as,6as,6br,8ar,12ar,14as,14bs)-2-hydroxy-4,4a,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14a-octamethyl-2,4,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14b-tetradecahydro-1h-picen-3-one Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@]2(C)CC[C@@]34C)C(C)(C)CC[C@]1(C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]4CC[C@@]1(C)[C@H]3C[C@@H](O)C(=O)[C@@H]1C DSEKYWAQQVUQTP-XEWMWGOFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXENHBSYCFFKJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3E,6E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-1,3,6,10-dodecatetraene Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCC=C(C)C=C CXENHBSYCFFKJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-diphenylguanidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(=N)NC1=CC=CC=C1 OWRCNXZUPFZXOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran;1h-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 KPAPHODVWOVUJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VVBLNCFGVYUYGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Bis(dimethylamino)benzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 VVBLNCFGVYUYGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Eucalyptol Chemical compound C1CC2CCC1(C)OC2(C)C WEEGYLXZBRQIMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terpinolene Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1 MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004419 alkynylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000732 arylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- UAHWPYUMFXYFJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-myrcene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(=C)C=C UAHWPYUMFXYFJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTEKOFXDMRILGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl)carbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-bis(2-ethylhexyl)carbamodithioate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CN(CC(CC)CCCC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC(CC)CCCC)CC(CC)CCCC VTEKOFXDMRILGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002993 cycloalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- WITDFSFZHZYQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzylcarbamothioylsulfanyl n,n-dibenzylcarbamodithioate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CN(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC=1C=CC=CC=1)CC1=CC=CC=C1 WITDFSFZHZYQHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930009668 farnesene Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NNRLDGQZIVUQTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-Terpineol Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CCC(C)(O)CC1 NNRLDGQZIVUQTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 229940119170 jojoba wax Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000004807 localization Effects 0.000 description 2
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- BVBBZEKOMUDXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyl-3-triethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN(CC)CC BVBBZEKOMUDXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLDHYRXZZNDOKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethyl-3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC ZLDHYRXZZNDOKU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AQIQPUUNTCVHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-3-triethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN(C)C AQIQPUUNTCVHBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIOYHIUHPGORLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-3-trimethoxysilylpropan-1-amine Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCN(C)C QIOYHIUHPGORLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000346 polystyrene-polyisoprene block-polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- JPPLPDOXWBVPCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N s-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) octanethioate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)SCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC JPPLPDOXWBVPCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTRSAJDNBVXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[4-(4-triethoxysilylbutyldisulfanyl)butyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCCSSCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC PTRSAJDNBVXVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOPBHRUFGGDSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[4-(4-triethoxysilylbutyltetrasulfanyl)butyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCCSSSSCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NOPBHRUFGGDSAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPPXVBLDIDEHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3-nitropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC[N+]([O-])=O QPPXVBLDIDEHBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PMXKHNVLACXGAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3-trimethylsilylsulfanylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCS[Si](C)(C)C PMXKHNVLACXGAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSXKIRYGYMKWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[2-(2-trimethoxysilylethyltetrasulfanyl)ethyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCSSSSCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC JSXKIRYGYMKWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTTSZDBCLAKKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfanyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCSSSSCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC JTTSZDBCLAKKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCOCC1CO1 BPSIOYPQMFLKFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSZUEPNJCPXEGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[4-(4-trimethoxysilylbutyltrisulfanyl)butyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCCSSSCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC GSZUEPNJCPXEGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQBHRPIAMBRGHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(3-tripropoxysilylpropylsulfanyl)silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](OCCC)(OCCC)CCCS[Si](C)(C)C LQBHRPIAMBRGHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCOGNADUEMUKHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[3-[methyl(dipropoxy)silyl]propylsulfanyl]silane Chemical compound CCCO[Si](C)(OCCC)CCCS[Si](C)(C)C OCOGNADUEMUKHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012178 vegetable wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003739 xylenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Zn+2] UGZADUVQMDAIAO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940007718 zinc hydroxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021511 zinc hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IHPKGUQCSIINRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N β-ocimene Natural products CC(C)=CCC=C(C)C=C IHPKGUQCSIINRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/25—Incorporating silicon atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/04—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B25/042—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/14—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising synthetic rubber copolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B25/00—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber
- B32B25/16—Layered products comprising a layer of natural or synthetic rubber comprising polydienes homopolymers or poly-halodienes homopolymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/0041—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers
- B60C11/005—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts comprising different tread rubber layers with cap and base layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C19/00—Chemical modification of rubber
- C08C19/22—Incorporating nitrogen atoms into the molecule
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
- B32B2250/24—All layers being polymeric
- B32B2250/248—All polymers belonging to those covered by group B32B25/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C2200/00—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications
- B60C2200/04—Tyres specially adapted for particular applications for road vehicles, e.g. passenger cars
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
低燃費化を達成するためには、イソプレン系ゴム及びスチレンブタジエンゴムをメイン(50質量%以上)に含むゴム成分と、シリカとを配合したゴム組成物をトレッドに用いることが考えられる。そして、更なる低燃費化を実現するために、シリカを微粒子化することが考えられるが、シリカはスチレンブタジエンゴム中に取り込まれやすく、かつ、微粒子化すると分散しにくいため、スチレンブタジエンゴム中に、シリカやシリカとともに配合するシランカップリング剤が局在化するおそれがある。このような局在が生じると、ゴム組成物全体としての補強性が得られにくいだけでなく、硫黄ラジカルが発生した場合に作用しやすくなり、補強性が更に低下するおそれがあり、補強性が下がると、チッピングの発生起点となるおそれがある。前記タイヤでは、タイヤ半径方向に隣接する2層のうち、タイヤ半径方向内側の内側ゴム層において、タイヤ半径方向外側の外側ゴム層に比べて、ラジカルをトラップする機能を持つ酸化亜鉛などの亜鉛含有化合物を多量に配合しているため、内側ゴム層の方にラジカルを誘導しやすくなる。内側ゴム層は、直接路面とは接触しないため、多少の硫黄ラジカルが発生しても、チッピングには影響しにくい。以上の作用機能の結果、前記タイヤを用いることにより、低燃費性、劣化抑制性及び耐チッピング性の総合性能を改善できると推察される。
外側ゴム層用ゴム組成物は、イソプレン系ゴム及びスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)を含む。
外側ゴム層用ゴム組成物において、ゴム成分100質量%中のイソプレン系ゴムの含有量は、低燃費性及び経年劣化抑制の観点から、25質量%以上、好ましくは30質量%以上、より好ましくは35質量%以上である。該含有量の上限は特に限定されないが、好ましくは80質量%以下、より好ましくは60質量%以下、更に好ましくは50質量%以下である。
変性SBRとしては、シリカ等の充填剤と相互作用する官能基を有するSBRであればよく、例えば、SBRの少なくとも一方の末端を、上記官能基を有する化合物(変性剤)で変性された末端変性SBR(末端に上記官能基を有する末端変性SBR)や、主鎖に上記官能基を有する主鎖変性SBRや、主鎖及び末端に上記官能基を有する主鎖末端変性SBR(例えば、主鎖に上記官能基を有し、少なくとも一方の末端を上記変性剤で変性された主鎖末端変性SBR)や、分子中に2個以上のエポキシ基を有する多官能化合物により変性(カップリング)され、水酸基やエポキシ基が導入された末端変性SBR等が挙げられる。これらは単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
変性BRとしては、前述の官能基が導入された変性BRが挙げられる。好ましい態様は変性SBRの場合と同様である。
シリカの窒素吸着比表面積(N2SA)は、好ましくは220m2/g以上、より好ましくは225m2/g以上、更に好ましくは230m2/g以上である。シリカのN2SAの上限は特に限定されないが、好ましくは350m2/g以下、より好ましくは300m2/g以下、更に好ましくは250m2/g以下、特に好ましくは280m2/g以下である。上限以下にすることで、良好な分散性が得られる傾向がある。上記範囲内にすることで、良好な低燃費性を得つつ、経年劣化の低下を抑制できる傾向がある。
なお、シリカのN2SAは、ASTM D3037-93に準じてBET法で測定される値である。
シランカップリング剤としては、特に限定されず、例えば、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(2-トリエトキシシリルエチル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(4-トリエトキシシリルブチル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(2-トリメトキシシリルエチル)テトラスルフィド、ビス(2-トリエトキシシリルエチル)トリスルフィド、ビス(4-トリメトキシシリルブチル)トリスルフィド、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2-トリエトキシシリルエチル)ジスルフィド、ビス(4-トリエトキシシリルブチル)ジスルフィド、ビス(3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(2-トリメトキシシリルエチル)ジスルフィド、ビス(4-トリメトキシシリルブチル)ジスルフィド、3-トリメトキシシリルプロピル-N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイルテトラスルフィド、2-トリエトキシシリルエチル-N,N-ジメチルチオカルバモイルテトラスルフィド、3-トリエトキシシリルプロピルメタクリレートモノスルフィド、などのスルフィド系、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、2-メルカプトエチルトリエトキシシラン、Momentive社製のNXT、NXT-Zなどのメルカプト系、ビニルトリエトキシシラン、ビニルトリメトキシシランなどのビニル系、3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、3-アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランなどのアミノ系、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシラン、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン、などのグリシドキシ系、3-ニトロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-ニトロプロピルトリエトキシシランなどのニトロ系、3-クロロプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-クロロプロピルトリエトキシシランなどのクロロ系などがあげられる。市販品としては、デグッサ社、Momentive社、信越シリコーン(株)、東京化成工業(株)、アヅマックス(株)、東レ・ダウコーニング(株)等の製品を使用できる。これらは、単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
式(S1)におけるR1009の例として、直鎖状アルキレン基としては、メチレン基、エチレン基、n-プロピレン基、n-ブチレン基、ヘキシレン基等が挙げられ、分枝状アルキレン基としては、イソプロピレン基、イソブチレン基、2-メチルプロピレン基等が挙げられる。
なお、結合単位A、Bの含有量は、結合単位A、Bがシランカップリング剤の末端に位置する場合も含む量である。結合単位A、Bがシランカップリング剤の末端に位置する場合の形態は特に限定されず、結合単位A、Bを示す式(I)、(II)と対応するユニットを形成していればよい。
外側ゴム層用ゴム組成物において、カーボンブラックの含有量は、ゴム成分100質量部に対して、好ましくは1質量部以上、より好ましくは3質量部以上、更に好ましくは5質量部以上である。該含有量の上限は特に限定されないが、好ましくは30質量部以下、より好ましくは15質量部以下、更に好ましくは8質量部以下である。上記範囲内にすることで、良好な低燃費性を得つつ、経年劣化の低下を抑制できる傾向がある。
なお、カーボンブラックの窒素吸着比表面積は、JIS K6217-2:2001によって求められる。
なお、樹脂の軟化点は、JIS K 6220-1:2001に規定される軟化点を環球式軟化点測定装置で測定し、球が降下した温度である。
外側ゴム層用ゴム組成物において、硫黄の含有量は、ゴム成分100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.1質量部以上、より好ましくは0.5質量部以上、更に好ましくは0.7質量部以上、特に好ましくは0.9質量部以上である。該含有量は、好ましくは5.0質量部以下、より好ましくは3.0質量部以下、更に好ましくは2.0質量部以下、特に好ましくは1.8質量部以下である。上記範囲内にすることで、良好な低燃費性を得つつ、経年劣化の低下を抑制できる傾向がある。
外側ゴム層用ゴム組成物において、加硫促進剤の含有量は、ゴム成分100質量部に対して、好ましくは0.5質量部以上、より好ましくは2.0質量部以上、更に好ましくは3.0質量部以上、特に好ましくは3.5質量部以上である。該含有量は、好ましくは10.0質量部以下、より好ましくは7.0質量部以下、更に好ましくは6.0質量部以下、特に好ましくは5.0質量部以下である。上記範囲内にすることで、良好な低燃費性を得つつ、経年劣化の低下を抑制できる傾向がある。
内側ゴム層用ゴム組成物は、ゴム成分及び亜鉛含有化合物を含む。
ゴム成分としては、例えば、外側ゴム層用ゴム組成物で述べたゴム成分を使用できる。なかでも、イソプレン系ゴム、BRを好適に使用できる。
NR:RSS#3
SBR1:下記製造例1で合成した変性SBR(スチレン量25質量%、ビニル量60質量%、Mw30万)
SBR2:下記製造例2で合成した変性SBR(スチレン量35質量%、ビニル量50質量%、Mw60万)
BR:宇部興産(株)製のBR150B(シス95質量%以上)
カーボンブラック:キャボットジャパン社製のショウブラックN220(N2SA112m2/g)
シリカ1:エボニック社製の9100GR(N2SA235m2/g)
シリカ2:ローディアジャパン(株)製のZeosil 1115MP(N2SA115m2/g)
シランカップリング剤1:エボニックデグッサ社製のSi266(ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ジスルフィド)
シランカップリング剤2:Momentive社製のNXT-Z45(結合単位Aと結合単位Bとの共重合体(結合単位A:55モル%、結合単位B:45モル%))
樹脂1:アリゾナケミカル社製のSylvatraxx4401(α-メチルスチレン及びスチレンの共重合体、軟化点85℃)
樹脂2:ストラクトール社製40MS(エチレンプロピレンスチレン共重合体、軟化点78℃、EP含有量:82質量%)
オイル:出光興産(株)製のダイアナプロセスオイルNH-70S(アロマ系オイル)
ワックス:日本精鑞社製のOzoace0355
ステアリン酸:日油社製のステアリン酸「椿」
酸化亜鉛:東邦亜鉛社製の銀嶺R
塩基性炭酸亜鉛:正同化学工業のセドアエン
老化防止剤1:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクラック6C(N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン)
老化防止剤2:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクラックRD(ポリ(2,2,4-トリメチル-1,2-ジヒドロキノリン))
硫黄:細井化学工業社製のHK-200-5(5%オイル含有粉末硫黄)
加硫促進剤1:大内新興化学工業社製のノクセラーCZ(N-シクロヘキシル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド)
加硫促進剤2:大内新興化学工業社製のノクセラーD(1,3-ジフェニルグアニジン)
窒素置換されたオートクレーブ反応器に、シクロヘキサン、テトラヒドロフラン、スチレン、及び1,3-ブタジエンを仕込んだ。反応器の内容物の温度を20℃に調整した後、n-ブチルリチウムを添加して重合を開始した。断熱条件で重合し、最高温度は85℃に達した。重合転化率が99%に達した時点で1,3-ブタジエンを追加し、更に5分重合させた後、N-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)アクリルアミドを変性剤として加えて反応を行った。重合反応終了後、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-p-クレゾールを添加した。次いで、スチームストリッピングにより脱溶媒を行い、110℃に調温された熱ロールにより乾燥してSBR1を得た。
窒素置換されたオートクレーブ反応器に、シクロヘキサン、テトラヒドロフラン、スチレン、及び1,3-ブタジエンを仕込んだ。反応器の内容物の温度を20℃に調整した後、n-ブチルリチウムを添加して重合を開始した。断熱条件で重合し、最高温度は85℃に達した。重合転化率が99%に達した時点で1,3-ブタジエンを追加し、更に5分重合させた後、3-ジエチルアミノプロピルトリエトキシシランを変性剤として加えて反応を行った。重合反応終了後、2,6-ジ-tert-ブチル-p-クレゾールを添加した。次いで、スチームストリッピングにより脱溶媒を行い、110℃に調温された熱ロールにより乾燥してSBR2を得た。
SBRの構造同定(スチレン量、ビニル量の測定)は、日本電子(株)製JNM-ECAシリーズの装置を用いて行った。測定は、ポリマー0.1gを15mlのトルエンに溶解させ、30mlのメタノール中にゆっくり注ぎ込んで再沈殿させたものを、減圧乾燥後に測定した。
表1に記載のキャップトレッド用ゴム組成物、ベーストレッド用ゴム組成物をバンバリーミキサーにて混練し、それぞれの混練物を得た。
得られた未加硫ゴム組成物(キャップトレッド用ゴム組成物)を170℃で12分間、0.5mm厚の金型でプレス加硫し、キャップトレッド用加硫ゴム組成物を得た。
転がり抵抗試験機を用い、試験用タイヤを、リム(18×5JJ)、内圧(260kPa)、荷重(3.43kN)、速度(80km/h)で走行させたときの転がり抵抗を測定し、転がり抵抗を指数で表示した。指数が大きいほど低燃費性に優れている。なお、指数は、以下の式で示される。
(低燃費性)=(比較例1のタイヤの転がり抵抗)/(各配合のタイヤの転がり抵抗)×100
キャップトレッド用加硫ゴム組成物(加硫ゴム組成物)から3号ダンベル型試験片を作製して、JIS K6251「加硫ゴム及び熱可塑性ゴム-引張特性の求め方」に準拠し、引張り速度500mm/分で引張試験を実施した。23℃±2℃における初期の破断時伸びEB(%)と、下記劣化条件後の破断時伸びEB(%)とを測定し、劣化後EB維持率(%)(=劣化後EB/劣化前EB×100)を算出した。
(劣化条件)
キャップトレッド用加硫ゴム組成物をオーブンにて熱劣化(80℃168時間)させた。
(劣化後EB維持率(指数))=(各配合の劣化後EB維持率/比較例1の劣化後EB維持率)×100
試験用タイヤをリム(18×5JJ)に組み込み、空気圧を230kPaとして試験車両に装着し、未舗装路において5,000kmを走行した後、タイヤを目視で観察して外傷(トレッド表面に生じた1平方mm以上の欠損又は溝状の傷)の面積の総和を計測した。評価結果は、100×(比較例1の面積総和+1)/(各例の面積総和+1)の式により指数化した。指数が大きいほど耐チッピング性が高いことを示す。
Claims (10)
- 内側ゴム層用ゴム組成物が不飽和結合を有する樹脂を含む請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のタイヤ。
- 外側ゴム層用ゴム組成物がメルカプト系シランカップリング剤を含む請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のタイヤ。
- 外側ゴム層用ゴム組成物に含まれるゴム成分100質量部に対する窒素吸着比表面積200m2/g以上のシリカの含有量が5~170質量部である請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のタイヤ。
- 乗用車用空気入りタイヤである請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のタイヤ。
- 前記内側ゴム層用ゴム組成物は、亜鉛元素含有量が、ゴム成分100質量部に対して、3.5質量部以下である請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のタイヤ。
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